xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/jot/jot.c (revision 7d71f06cb47227f16ac20155c202725aa2b3d9b2)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 static const char copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1993\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 #if 0
42 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)jot.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
43 #endif
44 #endif
45 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
46 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
47 
48 /*
49  * jot - print sequential or random data
50  *
51  * Author:  John Kunze, Office of Comp. Affairs, UCB
52  */
53 
54 #include <ctype.h>
55 #include <err.h>
56 #include <limits.h>
57 #include <stdio.h>
58 #include <stdint.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <stdbool.h>
61 #include <string.h>
62 #include <time.h>
63 #include <unistd.h>
64 
65 #define	REPS_DEF	100
66 #define	BEGIN_DEF	1
67 #define	ENDER_DEF	100
68 #define	STEP_DEF	1
69 
70 #define HAVE_STEP	1
71 #define HAVE_ENDER	2
72 #define HAVE_BEGIN	4
73 #define HAVE_REPS	8
74 
75 #define	is_default(s)	(*(s) == 0 || strcmp((s), "-") == 0)
76 
77 double	begin;
78 double	ender;
79 double	s;
80 long	reps;
81 int	randomize;
82 int	infinity;
83 int	boring;
84 int	prec;
85 int	longdata;
86 int	intdata;
87 int	chardata;
88 int	nosign;
89 int	nofinalnl;
90 const	char *sepstring = "\n";
91 char	format[BUFSIZ];
92 
93 void		getformat(void);
94 int		getprec(char *);
95 int		putdata(double, long);
96 static void	usage(void);
97 
98 int
99 main(int argc, char **argv)
100 {
101 	double	x, y;
102 	long	i;
103 	unsigned int	mask = 0;
104 	int	n = 0;
105 	int	ch;
106 	bool	use_random = false;
107 	bool	have_format = false;
108 	double	divisor;
109 
110 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "rb:w:cs:np:")) != -1)
111 		switch (ch) {
112 		case 'r':
113 			randomize = 1;
114 			break;
115 		case 'c':
116 			chardata = 1;
117 			break;
118 		case 'n':
119 			nofinalnl = 1;
120 			break;
121 		case 'b':
122 			boring = 1;
123 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
124 		case 'w':
125 			if (strlcpy(format, optarg, sizeof(format)) >=
126 			    sizeof(format))
127 				errx(1, "-%c word too long", ch);
128 			have_format = true;
129 			break;
130 		case 's':
131 			sepstring = optarg;
132 			break;
133 		case 'p':
134 			prec = atoi(optarg);
135 			if (prec <= 0)
136 				errx(1, "bad precision value");
137 			have_format = true;
138 			break;
139 		default:
140 			usage();
141 		}
142 	argc -= optind;
143 	argv += optind;
144 
145 	switch (argc) {	/* examine args right to left, falling thru cases */
146 	case 4:
147 		if (!is_default(argv[3])) {
148 			if (!sscanf(argv[3], "%lf", &s))
149 				errx(1, "bad s value: %s", argv[3]);
150 			mask |= HAVE_STEP;
151 			if (randomize)
152 				use_random = true;
153 		}
154 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
155 	case 3:
156 		if (!is_default(argv[2])) {
157 			if (!sscanf(argv[2], "%lf", &ender))
158 				ender = argv[2][strlen(argv[2])-1];
159 			mask |= HAVE_ENDER;
160 			if (!prec)
161 				n = getprec(argv[2]);
162 		}
163 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
164 	case 2:
165 		if (!is_default(argv[1])) {
166 			if (!sscanf(argv[1], "%lf", &begin))
167 				begin = argv[1][strlen(argv[1])-1];
168 			mask |= HAVE_BEGIN;
169 			if (!prec)
170 				prec = getprec(argv[1]);
171 			if (n > prec)		/* maximum precision */
172 				prec = n;
173 		}
174 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
175 	case 1:
176 		if (!is_default(argv[0])) {
177 			if (!sscanf(argv[0], "%ld", &reps))
178 				errx(1, "bad reps value: %s", argv[0]);
179 			mask |= HAVE_REPS;
180 		}
181 		break;
182 	case 0:
183 		usage();
184 	default:
185 		errx(1, "too many arguments.  What do you mean by %s?",
186 		    argv[4]);
187 	}
188 	getformat();
189 	while (mask)	/* 4 bit mask has 1's where last 4 args were given */
190 		switch (mask) {	/* fill in the 0's by default or computation */
191 		case HAVE_STEP:
192 		case HAVE_ENDER:
193 		case HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP:
194 		case HAVE_BEGIN:
195 		case HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_STEP:
196 			reps = REPS_DEF;
197 			mask |= HAVE_REPS;
198 			break;
199 		case HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER:
200 			s = ender > begin ? 1 : -1;
201 			mask |= HAVE_STEP;
202 			break;
203 		case HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP:
204 			if (randomize)
205 				reps = REPS_DEF;
206 			else if (s == 0.0)
207 				reps = 0;
208 			else
209 				reps = (ender - begin + s) / s;
210 			if (reps <= 0)
211 				errx(1, "impossible stepsize");
212 			mask = 0;
213 			break;
214 		case HAVE_REPS:
215 		case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_STEP:
216 			begin = BEGIN_DEF;
217 			mask |= HAVE_BEGIN;
218 			break;
219 		case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_ENDER:
220 			s = STEP_DEF;
221 			mask = HAVE_REPS | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP;
222 			break;
223 		case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP:
224 			if (randomize)
225 				begin = BEGIN_DEF;
226 			else if (reps == 0)
227 				errx(1, "must specify begin if reps == 0");
228 			begin = ender - reps * s + s;
229 			mask = 0;
230 			break;
231 		case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN:
232 			s = STEP_DEF;
233 			mask = HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_STEP;
234 			break;
235 		case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_STEP:
236 			if (randomize)
237 				ender = ENDER_DEF;
238 			else
239 				ender = begin + reps * s - s;
240 			mask = 0;
241 			break;
242 		case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER:
243 			if (reps == 0)
244 				errx(1, "infinite sequences cannot be bounded");
245 			else if (reps == 1)
246 				s = 0.0;
247 			else
248 				s = (ender - begin) / (reps - 1);
249 			mask = 0;
250 			break;
251 		case HAVE_REPS | HAVE_BEGIN | HAVE_ENDER | HAVE_STEP:
252 			/* if reps given and implied, */
253 			if (!randomize && s != 0.0) {
254 				long t = (ender - begin + s) / s;
255 				if (t <= 0)
256 					errx(1, "impossible stepsize");
257 				if (t < reps)		/* take lesser */
258 					reps = t;
259 			}
260 			mask = 0;
261 			break;
262 		default:
263 			errx(1, "bad mask");
264 		}
265 	if (reps == 0)
266 		infinity = 1;
267 	if (randomize) {
268 		if (use_random) {
269 			srandom((unsigned long)s);
270 			divisor = (double)INT32_MAX + 1;
271 		} else
272 			divisor = (double)UINT32_MAX + 1;
273 
274 		/*
275 		 * Attempt to DWIM when the user has specified an
276 		 * integer range within that of the random number
277 		 * generator: distribute the numbers equally in
278 		 * the range [begin .. ender].  Jot's default %.0f
279 		 * format would make the appearance of the first and
280 		 * last specified value half as likely as the rest.
281 		 */
282 		if (!have_format && prec == 0 &&
283 		    begin >= 0 && begin < divisor &&
284 		    ender >= 0 && ender < divisor) {
285 			ender += 1;
286 			nosign = 1;
287 			intdata = 1;
288 			(void)strlcpy(format,
289 			    chardata ? "%c" : "%u", sizeof(format));
290 		}
291 		x = (ender - begin) * (ender > begin ? 1 : -1);
292 		for (i = 1; i <= reps || infinity; i++) {
293 			if (use_random)
294 				y = random() / divisor;
295 			else
296 				y = arc4random() / divisor;
297 			if (putdata(y * x + begin, reps - i))
298 				errx(1, "range error in conversion");
299 		}
300 	} else
301 		for (i = 1, x = begin; i <= reps || infinity; i++, x += s)
302 			if (putdata(x, reps - i))
303 				errx(1, "range error in conversion");
304 	if (!nofinalnl)
305 		putchar('\n');
306 	exit(0);
307 }
308 
309 int
310 putdata(double x, long int notlast)
311 {
312 
313 	if (boring)
314 		printf("%s", format);
315 	else if (longdata && nosign) {
316 		if (x <= (double)ULONG_MAX && x >= (double)0)
317 			printf(format, (unsigned long)x);
318 		else
319 			return (1);
320 	} else if (longdata) {
321 		if (x <= (double)LONG_MAX && x >= (double)LONG_MIN)
322 			printf(format, (long)x);
323 		else
324 			return (1);
325 	} else if (chardata || (intdata && !nosign)) {
326 		if (x <= (double)INT_MAX && x >= (double)INT_MIN)
327 			printf(format, (int)x);
328 		else
329 			return (1);
330 	} else if (intdata) {
331 		if (x <= (double)UINT_MAX && x >= (double)0)
332 			printf(format, (unsigned int)x);
333 		else
334 			return (1);
335 
336 	} else
337 		printf(format, x);
338 	if (notlast != 0)
339 		fputs(sepstring, stdout);
340 
341 	return (0);
342 }
343 
344 static void
345 usage(void)
346 {
347 	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
348 	"usage: jot [-cnr] [-b word] [-w word] [-s string] [-p precision]",
349 	"           [reps [begin [end [s]]]]");
350 	exit(1);
351 }
352 
353 int
354 getprec(char *str)
355 {
356 	char	*p;
357 	char	*q;
358 
359 	for (p = str; *p; p++)
360 		if (*p == '.')
361 			break;
362 	if (!*p)
363 		return (0);
364 	for (q = ++p; *p; p++)
365 		if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*p))
366 			break;
367 	return (p - q);
368 }
369 
370 void
371 getformat(void)
372 {
373 	char	*p, *p2;
374 	int dot, hash, space, sign, numbers = 0;
375 	size_t sz;
376 
377 	if (boring)				/* no need to bother */
378 		return;
379 	for (p = format; *p; p++)		/* look for '%' */
380 		if (*p == '%' && *(p+1) != '%')	/* leave %% alone */
381 			break;
382 	sz = sizeof(format) - strlen(format) - 1;
383 	if (!*p && !chardata) {
384 		if (snprintf(p, sz, "%%.%df", prec) >= (int)sz)
385 			errx(1, "-w word too long");
386 	} else if (!*p && chardata) {
387 		if (strlcpy(p, "%c", sz) >= sz)
388 			errx(1, "-w word too long");
389 		intdata = 1;
390 	} else if (!*(p+1)) {
391 		if (sz <= 0)
392 			errx(1, "-w word too long");
393 		strcat(format, "%");		/* cannot end in single '%' */
394 	} else {
395 		/*
396 		 * Allow conversion format specifiers of the form
397 		 * %[#][ ][{+,-}][0-9]*[.[0-9]*]? where ? must be one of
398 		 * [l]{d,i,o,u,x} or {f,e,g,E,G,d,o,x,D,O,U,X,c,u}
399 		 */
400 		p2 = p++;
401 		dot = hash = space = sign = numbers = 0;
402 		while (!isalpha((unsigned char)*p)) {
403 			if (isdigit((unsigned char)*p)) {
404 				numbers++;
405 				p++;
406 			} else if ((*p == '#' && !(numbers|dot|sign|space|
407 			    hash++)) ||
408 			    (*p == ' ' && !(numbers|dot|space++)) ||
409 			    ((*p == '+' || *p == '-') && !(numbers|dot|sign++))
410 			    || (*p == '.' && !(dot++)))
411 				p++;
412 			else
413 				goto fmt_broken;
414 		}
415 		if (*p == 'l') {
416 			longdata = 1;
417 			if (*++p == 'l') {
418 				if (p[1] != '\0')
419 					p++;
420 				goto fmt_broken;
421 			}
422 		}
423 		switch (*p) {
424 		case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X':
425 			intdata = nosign = 1;
426 			break;
427 		case 'd': case 'i':
428 			intdata = 1;
429 			break;
430 		case 'D':
431 			if (!longdata) {
432 				intdata = 1;
433 				break;
434 			}
435 		case 'O': case 'U':
436 			if (!longdata) {
437 				intdata = nosign = 1;
438 				break;
439 			}
440 		case 'c':
441 			if (!(intdata | longdata)) {
442 				chardata = 1;
443 				break;
444 			}
445 		case 'h': case 'n': case 'p': case 'q': case 's': case 'L':
446 		case '$': case '*':
447 			goto fmt_broken;
448 		case 'f': case 'e': case 'g': case 'E': case 'G':
449 			if (!longdata)
450 				break;
451 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
452 		default:
453 fmt_broken:
454 			*++p = '\0';
455 			errx(1, "illegal or unsupported format '%s'", p2);
456 			/* NOTREACHED */
457 		}
458 		while (*++p)
459 			if (*p == '%' && *(p+1) && *(p+1) != '%')
460 				errx(1, "too many conversions");
461 			else if (*p == '%' && *(p+1) == '%')
462 				p++;
463 			else if (*p == '%' && !*(p+1)) {
464 				strcat(format, "%");
465 				break;
466 			}
467 	}
468 }
469