xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/gzip/unpack.c (revision 3cbb4cc200f8a0ad7ed08233425ea54524a21f1c)
1 /*	$FreeBSD$	*/
2 /*	$NetBSD: unpack.c,v 1.3 2017/08/04 07:27:08 mrg Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*-
5  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
6  *
7  * Copyright (c) 2009 Xin LI <delphij@FreeBSD.org>
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
22  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  *
30  * $FreeBSD$
31  */
32 
33 /* This file is #included by gzip.c */
34 
35 /*
36  * pack(1) file format:
37  *
38  * The first 7 bytes is the header:
39  *	00, 01 - Signature (US, RS), we already validated it earlier.
40  *	02..05 - Uncompressed size
41  *	    06 - Level for the huffman tree (<=24)
42  *
43  * pack(1) will then store symbols (leaf) nodes count in each huffman
44  * tree levels, each level would consume 1 byte (See [1]).
45  *
46  * After the symbol count table, there is the symbol table, storing
47  * symbols represented by corresponding leaf node.  EOB is not being
48  * explicitly transmitted (not necessary anyway) in the symbol table.
49  *
50  * Compressed data goes after the symbol table.
51  *
52  * NOTES
53  *
54  * [1] If we count EOB into the symbols, that would mean that we will
55  * have at most 256 symbols in the huffman tree.  pack(1) rejects empty
56  * file and files that just repeats one character, which means that we
57  * will have at least 2 symbols.  Therefore, pack(1) would reduce the
58  * last level symbol count by 2 which makes it a number in
59  * range [0..254], so all levels' symbol count would fit into 1 byte.
60  */
61 
62 #define	PACK_HEADER_LENGTH	7
63 #define	HTREE_MAXLEVEL		24
64 
65 /*
66  * unpack descriptor
67  *
68  * Represent the huffman tree in a similar way that pack(1) would
69  * store in a packed file.  We store all symbols in a linear table,
70  * and store pointers to each level's first symbol.  In addition to
71  * that, maintain two counts for each level: inner nodes count and
72  * leaf nodes count.
73  */
74 typedef struct {
75 	int	symbol_size;		/* Size of the symbol table */
76 	int	treelevels;		/* Levels for the huffman tree */
77 
78 	int    *symbolsin;		/* Table of leaf symbols count in each
79 					 * level */
80 	int    *inodesin;		/* Table of internal nodes count in
81 					 * each level */
82 
83 	char   *symbol;			/* The symbol table */
84 	char   *symbol_eob;		/* Pointer to the EOB symbol */
85 	char  **tree;			/* Decoding huffman tree (pointers to
86 					 * first symbol of each tree level */
87 
88 	off_t	uncompressed_size;	/* Uncompressed size */
89 	FILE   *fpIn;			/* Input stream */
90 	FILE   *fpOut;			/* Output stream */
91 } unpack_descriptor_t;
92 
93 /*
94  * Release resource allocated to an unpack descriptor.
95  *
96  * Caller is responsible to make sure that all of these pointers are
97  * initialized (in our case, they all point to valid memory block).
98  * We don't zero out pointers here because nobody else would ever
99  * reference the memory block without scrubbing them.
100  */
101 static void
102 unpack_descriptor_fini(unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd)
103 {
104 
105 	free(unpackd->symbolsin);
106 	free(unpackd->inodesin);
107 	free(unpackd->symbol);
108 	free(unpackd->tree);
109 
110 	fclose(unpackd->fpIn);
111 	fclose(unpackd->fpOut);
112 }
113 
114 /*
115  * Recursively fill the internal node count table
116  */
117 static void
118 unpackd_fill_inodesin(const unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd, int level)
119 {
120 
121 	/*
122 	 * The internal nodes would be 1/2 of total internal nodes and
123 	 * leaf nodes in the next level.  For the last level there
124 	 * would be no internal node by definition.
125 	 */
126 	if (level < unpackd->treelevels) {
127 		unpackd_fill_inodesin(unpackd, level + 1);
128 		unpackd->inodesin[level] = (unpackd->inodesin[level + 1] +
129 		    unpackd->symbolsin[level + 1]) / 2;
130 	} else
131 		unpackd->inodesin[level] = 0;
132 }
133 
134 /*
135  * Update counter for accepted bytes
136  */
137 static void
138 accepted_bytes(off_t *bytes_in, off_t newbytes)
139 {
140 
141 	if (bytes_in != NULL)
142 		(*bytes_in) += newbytes;
143 }
144 
145 /*
146  * Read file header and construct the tree.  Also, prepare the buffered I/O
147  * for decode routine.
148  *
149  * Return value is uncompressed size.
150  */
151 static void
152 unpack_parse_header(int in, int out, char *pre, size_t prelen, off_t *bytes_in,
153     unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd)
154 {
155 	unsigned char hdr[PACK_HEADER_LENGTH];	/* buffer for header */
156 	ssize_t bytesread;		/* Bytes read from the file */
157 	int i, j, thisbyte;
158 
159 	/* Prepend the header buffer if we already read some data */
160 	if (prelen != 0)
161 		memcpy(hdr, pre, prelen);
162 
163 	/* Read in and fill the rest bytes of header */
164 	bytesread = read(in, hdr + prelen, PACK_HEADER_LENGTH - prelen);
165 	if (bytesread < 0)
166 		maybe_err("Error reading pack header");
167 	infile_newdata(bytesread);
168 
169 	accepted_bytes(bytes_in, PACK_HEADER_LENGTH);
170 
171 	/* Obtain uncompressed length (bytes 2,3,4,5) */
172 	unpackd->uncompressed_size = 0;
173 	for (i = 2; i <= 5; i++) {
174 		unpackd->uncompressed_size <<= 8;
175 		unpackd->uncompressed_size |= hdr[i];
176 	}
177 
178 	/* Get the levels of the tree */
179 	unpackd->treelevels = hdr[6];
180 	if (unpackd->treelevels > HTREE_MAXLEVEL || unpackd->treelevels < 1)
181 		maybe_errx("Huffman tree has insane levels");
182 
183 	/* Let libc take care for buffering from now on */
184 	if ((unpackd->fpIn = fdopen(in, "r")) == NULL)
185 		maybe_err("Can not fdopen() input stream");
186 	if ((unpackd->fpOut = fdopen(out, "w")) == NULL)
187 		maybe_err("Can not fdopen() output stream");
188 
189 	/* Allocate for the tables of bounds and the tree itself */
190 	unpackd->inodesin =
191 	    calloc(unpackd->treelevels, sizeof(*(unpackd->inodesin)));
192 	unpackd->symbolsin =
193 	    calloc(unpackd->treelevels, sizeof(*(unpackd->symbolsin)));
194 	unpackd->tree =
195 	    calloc(unpackd->treelevels, (sizeof(*(unpackd->tree))));
196 	if (unpackd->inodesin == NULL || unpackd->symbolsin == NULL ||
197 	    unpackd->tree == NULL)
198 		maybe_err("calloc");
199 
200 	/* We count from 0 so adjust to match array upper bound */
201 	unpackd->treelevels--;
202 
203 	/* Read the levels symbol count table and calculate total */
204 	unpackd->symbol_size = 1;	/* EOB */
205 	for (i = 0; i <= unpackd->treelevels; i++) {
206 		if ((thisbyte = fgetc(unpackd->fpIn)) == EOF)
207 			maybe_err("File appears to be truncated");
208 		unpackd->symbolsin[i] = (unsigned char)thisbyte;
209 		unpackd->symbol_size += unpackd->symbolsin[i];
210 	}
211 	accepted_bytes(bytes_in, unpackd->treelevels);
212 	if (unpackd->symbol_size > 256)
213 		maybe_errx("Bad symbol table");
214 	infile_newdata(unpackd->treelevels);
215 
216 	/* Allocate for the symbol table, point symbol_eob at the beginning */
217 	unpackd->symbol_eob = unpackd->symbol = calloc(1, unpackd->symbol_size);
218 	if (unpackd->symbol == NULL)
219 		maybe_err("calloc");
220 
221 	/*
222 	 * Read in the symbol table, which contain [2, 256] symbols.
223 	 * In order to fit the count in one byte, pack(1) would offset
224 	 * it by reducing 2 from the actual number from the last level.
225 	 *
226 	 * We adjust the last level's symbol count by 1 here, because
227 	 * the EOB symbol is not being transmitted explicitly.  Another
228 	 * adjustment would be done later afterward.
229 	 */
230 	unpackd->symbolsin[unpackd->treelevels]++;
231 	for (i = 0; i <= unpackd->treelevels; i++) {
232 		unpackd->tree[i] = unpackd->symbol_eob;
233 		for (j = 0; j < unpackd->symbolsin[i]; j++) {
234 			if ((thisbyte = fgetc(unpackd->fpIn)) == EOF)
235 				maybe_errx("Symbol table truncated");
236 			*unpackd->symbol_eob++ = (char)thisbyte;
237 		}
238 		infile_newdata(unpackd->symbolsin[i]);
239 		accepted_bytes(bytes_in, unpackd->symbolsin[i]);
240 	}
241 
242 	/* Now, take account for the EOB symbol as well */
243 	unpackd->symbolsin[unpackd->treelevels]++;
244 
245 	/*
246 	 * The symbolsin table has been constructed now.
247 	 * Calculate the internal nodes count table based on it.
248 	 */
249 	unpackd_fill_inodesin(unpackd, 0);
250 }
251 
252 /*
253  * Decode huffman stream, based on the huffman tree.
254  */
255 static void
256 unpack_decode(const unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd, off_t *bytes_in)
257 {
258 	int thislevel, thiscode, thisbyte, inlevelindex;
259 	int i;
260 	off_t bytes_out = 0;
261 	const char *thissymbol;	/* The symbol pointer decoded from stream */
262 
263 	/*
264 	 * Decode huffman.  Fetch every bytes from the file, get it
265 	 * into 'thiscode' bit-by-bit, then output the symbol we got
266 	 * when one has been found.
267 	 *
268 	 * Assumption: sizeof(int) > ((max tree levels + 1) / 8).
269 	 * bad things could happen if not.
270 	 */
271 	thislevel = 0;
272 	thiscode = thisbyte = 0;
273 
274 	while ((thisbyte = fgetc(unpackd->fpIn)) != EOF) {
275 		accepted_bytes(bytes_in, 1);
276 		infile_newdata(1);
277 		check_siginfo();
278 
279 		/*
280 		 * Split one bit from thisbyte, from highest to lowest,
281 		 * feed the bit into thiscode, until we got a symbol from
282 		 * the tree.
283 		 */
284 		for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
285 			thiscode = (thiscode << 1) | ((thisbyte >> i) & 1);
286 
287 			/* Did we got a symbol? (referencing leaf node) */
288 			if (thiscode >= unpackd->inodesin[thislevel]) {
289 				inlevelindex =
290 				    thiscode - unpackd->inodesin[thislevel];
291 				if (inlevelindex > unpackd->symbolsin[thislevel])
292 					maybe_errx("File corrupt");
293 
294 				thissymbol =
295 				    &(unpackd->tree[thislevel][inlevelindex]);
296 				if ((thissymbol == unpackd->symbol_eob) &&
297 				    (bytes_out == unpackd->uncompressed_size))
298 					goto finished;
299 
300 				fputc((*thissymbol), unpackd->fpOut);
301 				bytes_out++;
302 
303 				/* Prepare for next input */
304 				thislevel = 0; thiscode = 0;
305 			} else {
306 				thislevel++;
307 				if (thislevel > unpackd->treelevels)
308 					maybe_errx("File corrupt");
309 			}
310 		}
311 	}
312 
313 finished:
314 	if (bytes_out != unpackd->uncompressed_size)
315 		maybe_errx("Premature EOF");
316 }
317 
318 /* Handler for pack(1)'ed file */
319 static off_t
320 unpack(int in, int out, char *pre, size_t prelen, off_t *bytes_in)
321 {
322 	unpack_descriptor_t unpackd;
323 
324 	in = dup(in);
325 	if (in == -1)
326 		maybe_err("dup");
327 	out = dup(out);
328 	if (out == -1)
329 		maybe_err("dup");
330 
331 	unpack_parse_header(in, out, pre, prelen, bytes_in, &unpackd);
332 	unpack_decode(&unpackd, bytes_in);
333 	unpack_descriptor_fini(&unpackd);
334 
335 	/* If we reached here, the unpack was successful */
336 	return (unpackd.uncompressed_size);
337 }
338