xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/gzip/unpack.c (revision 06c3fb2749bda94cb5201f81ffdb8fa6c3161b2e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: unpack.c,v 1.3 2017/08/04 07:27:08 mrg Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2009 Xin LI <delphij@FreeBSD.org>
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 /* This file is #included by gzip.c */
31 
32 /*
33  * pack(1) file format:
34  *
35  * The first 7 bytes is the header:
36  *	00, 01 - Signature (US, RS), we already validated it earlier.
37  *	02..05 - Uncompressed size
38  *	    06 - Level for the huffman tree (<=24)
39  *
40  * pack(1) will then store symbols (leaf) nodes count in each huffman
41  * tree levels, each level would consume 1 byte (See [1]).
42  *
43  * After the symbol count table, there is the symbol table, storing
44  * symbols represented by corresponding leaf node.  EOB is not being
45  * explicitly transmitted (not necessary anyway) in the symbol table.
46  *
47  * Compressed data goes after the symbol table.
48  *
49  * NOTES
50  *
51  * [1] If we count EOB into the symbols, that would mean that we will
52  * have at most 256 symbols in the huffman tree.  pack(1) rejects empty
53  * file and files that just repeats one character, which means that we
54  * will have at least 2 symbols.  Therefore, pack(1) would reduce the
55  * last level symbol count by 2 which makes it a number in
56  * range [0..254], so all levels' symbol count would fit into 1 byte.
57  */
58 
59 #define	PACK_HEADER_LENGTH	7
60 #define	HTREE_MAXLEVEL		24
61 
62 /*
63  * unpack descriptor
64  *
65  * Represent the huffman tree in a similar way that pack(1) would
66  * store in a packed file.  We store all symbols in a linear table,
67  * and store pointers to each level's first symbol.  In addition to
68  * that, maintain two counts for each level: inner nodes count and
69  * leaf nodes count.
70  */
71 typedef struct {
72 	int	symbol_size;		/* Size of the symbol table */
73 	int	treelevels;		/* Levels for the huffman tree */
74 
75 	int    *symbolsin;		/* Table of leaf symbols count in each
76 					 * level */
77 	int    *inodesin;		/* Table of internal nodes count in
78 					 * each level */
79 
80 	char   *symbol;			/* The symbol table */
81 	char   *symbol_eob;		/* Pointer to the EOB symbol */
82 	char  **tree;			/* Decoding huffman tree (pointers to
83 					 * first symbol of each tree level */
84 
85 	off_t	uncompressed_size;	/* Uncompressed size */
86 	FILE   *fpIn;			/* Input stream */
87 	FILE   *fpOut;			/* Output stream */
88 } unpack_descriptor_t;
89 
90 /*
91  * Release resource allocated to an unpack descriptor.
92  *
93  * Caller is responsible to make sure that all of these pointers are
94  * initialized (in our case, they all point to valid memory block).
95  * We don't zero out pointers here because nobody else would ever
96  * reference the memory block without scrubbing them.
97  */
98 static void
99 unpack_descriptor_fini(unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd)
100 {
101 
102 	free(unpackd->symbolsin);
103 	free(unpackd->inodesin);
104 	free(unpackd->symbol);
105 	free(unpackd->tree);
106 
107 	fclose(unpackd->fpIn);
108 	fclose(unpackd->fpOut);
109 }
110 
111 /*
112  * Recursively fill the internal node count table
113  */
114 static void
115 unpackd_fill_inodesin(const unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd, int level)
116 {
117 
118 	/*
119 	 * The internal nodes would be 1/2 of total internal nodes and
120 	 * leaf nodes in the next level.  For the last level there
121 	 * would be no internal node by definition.
122 	 */
123 	if (level < unpackd->treelevels) {
124 		unpackd_fill_inodesin(unpackd, level + 1);
125 		unpackd->inodesin[level] = (unpackd->inodesin[level + 1] +
126 		    unpackd->symbolsin[level + 1]) / 2;
127 	} else
128 		unpackd->inodesin[level] = 0;
129 }
130 
131 /*
132  * Update counter for accepted bytes
133  */
134 static void
135 accepted_bytes(off_t *bytes_in, off_t newbytes)
136 {
137 
138 	if (bytes_in != NULL)
139 		(*bytes_in) += newbytes;
140 }
141 
142 /*
143  * Read file header and construct the tree.  Also, prepare the buffered I/O
144  * for decode routine.
145  *
146  * Return value is uncompressed size.
147  */
148 static void
149 unpack_parse_header(int in, int out, char *pre, size_t prelen, off_t *bytes_in,
150     unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd)
151 {
152 	unsigned char hdr[PACK_HEADER_LENGTH];	/* buffer for header */
153 	ssize_t bytesread;		/* Bytes read from the file */
154 	int i, j, thisbyte;
155 
156 	/* Prepend the header buffer if we already read some data */
157 	if (prelen != 0)
158 		memcpy(hdr, pre, prelen);
159 
160 	/* Read in and fill the rest bytes of header */
161 	bytesread = read(in, hdr + prelen, PACK_HEADER_LENGTH - prelen);
162 	if (bytesread < 0)
163 		maybe_err("Error reading pack header");
164 	infile_newdata(bytesread);
165 
166 	accepted_bytes(bytes_in, PACK_HEADER_LENGTH);
167 
168 	/* Obtain uncompressed length (bytes 2,3,4,5) */
169 	unpackd->uncompressed_size = 0;
170 	for (i = 2; i <= 5; i++) {
171 		unpackd->uncompressed_size <<= 8;
172 		unpackd->uncompressed_size |= hdr[i];
173 	}
174 
175 	/* Get the levels of the tree */
176 	unpackd->treelevels = hdr[6];
177 	if (unpackd->treelevels > HTREE_MAXLEVEL || unpackd->treelevels < 1)
178 		maybe_errx("Huffman tree has insane levels");
179 
180 	/* Let libc take care for buffering from now on */
181 	if ((unpackd->fpIn = fdopen(in, "r")) == NULL)
182 		maybe_err("Can not fdopen() input stream");
183 	if ((unpackd->fpOut = fdopen(out, "w")) == NULL)
184 		maybe_err("Can not fdopen() output stream");
185 
186 	/* Allocate for the tables of bounds and the tree itself */
187 	unpackd->inodesin =
188 	    calloc(unpackd->treelevels, sizeof(*(unpackd->inodesin)));
189 	unpackd->symbolsin =
190 	    calloc(unpackd->treelevels, sizeof(*(unpackd->symbolsin)));
191 	unpackd->tree =
192 	    calloc(unpackd->treelevels, (sizeof(*(unpackd->tree))));
193 	if (unpackd->inodesin == NULL || unpackd->symbolsin == NULL ||
194 	    unpackd->tree == NULL)
195 		maybe_err("calloc");
196 
197 	/* We count from 0 so adjust to match array upper bound */
198 	unpackd->treelevels--;
199 
200 	/* Read the levels symbol count table and calculate total */
201 	unpackd->symbol_size = 1;	/* EOB */
202 	for (i = 0; i <= unpackd->treelevels; i++) {
203 		if ((thisbyte = fgetc(unpackd->fpIn)) == EOF)
204 			maybe_err("File appears to be truncated");
205 		unpackd->symbolsin[i] = (unsigned char)thisbyte;
206 		unpackd->symbol_size += unpackd->symbolsin[i];
207 	}
208 	accepted_bytes(bytes_in, unpackd->treelevels);
209 	if (unpackd->symbol_size > 256)
210 		maybe_errx("Bad symbol table");
211 	infile_newdata(unpackd->treelevels);
212 
213 	/* Allocate for the symbol table, point symbol_eob at the beginning */
214 	unpackd->symbol_eob = unpackd->symbol = calloc(1, unpackd->symbol_size);
215 	if (unpackd->symbol == NULL)
216 		maybe_err("calloc");
217 
218 	/*
219 	 * Read in the symbol table, which contain [2, 256] symbols.
220 	 * In order to fit the count in one byte, pack(1) would offset
221 	 * it by reducing 2 from the actual number from the last level.
222 	 *
223 	 * We adjust the last level's symbol count by 1 here, because
224 	 * the EOB symbol is not being transmitted explicitly.  Another
225 	 * adjustment would be done later afterward.
226 	 */
227 	unpackd->symbolsin[unpackd->treelevels]++;
228 	for (i = 0; i <= unpackd->treelevels; i++) {
229 		unpackd->tree[i] = unpackd->symbol_eob;
230 		for (j = 0; j < unpackd->symbolsin[i]; j++) {
231 			if ((thisbyte = fgetc(unpackd->fpIn)) == EOF)
232 				maybe_errx("Symbol table truncated");
233 			*unpackd->symbol_eob++ = (char)thisbyte;
234 		}
235 		infile_newdata(unpackd->symbolsin[i]);
236 		accepted_bytes(bytes_in, unpackd->symbolsin[i]);
237 	}
238 
239 	/* Now, take account for the EOB symbol as well */
240 	unpackd->symbolsin[unpackd->treelevels]++;
241 
242 	/*
243 	 * The symbolsin table has been constructed now.
244 	 * Calculate the internal nodes count table based on it.
245 	 */
246 	unpackd_fill_inodesin(unpackd, 0);
247 }
248 
249 /*
250  * Decode huffman stream, based on the huffman tree.
251  */
252 static void
253 unpack_decode(const unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd, off_t *bytes_in)
254 {
255 	int thislevel, thiscode, thisbyte, inlevelindex;
256 	int i;
257 	off_t bytes_out = 0;
258 	const char *thissymbol;	/* The symbol pointer decoded from stream */
259 
260 	/*
261 	 * Decode huffman.  Fetch every bytes from the file, get it
262 	 * into 'thiscode' bit-by-bit, then output the symbol we got
263 	 * when one has been found.
264 	 *
265 	 * Assumption: sizeof(int) > ((max tree levels + 1) / 8).
266 	 * bad things could happen if not.
267 	 */
268 	thislevel = 0;
269 	thiscode = thisbyte = 0;
270 
271 	while ((thisbyte = fgetc(unpackd->fpIn)) != EOF) {
272 		accepted_bytes(bytes_in, 1);
273 		infile_newdata(1);
274 		check_siginfo();
275 
276 		/*
277 		 * Split one bit from thisbyte, from highest to lowest,
278 		 * feed the bit into thiscode, until we got a symbol from
279 		 * the tree.
280 		 */
281 		for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
282 			thiscode = (thiscode << 1) | ((thisbyte >> i) & 1);
283 
284 			/* Did we got a symbol? (referencing leaf node) */
285 			if (thiscode >= unpackd->inodesin[thislevel]) {
286 				inlevelindex =
287 				    thiscode - unpackd->inodesin[thislevel];
288 				if (inlevelindex > unpackd->symbolsin[thislevel])
289 					maybe_errx("File corrupt");
290 
291 				thissymbol =
292 				    &(unpackd->tree[thislevel][inlevelindex]);
293 				if ((thissymbol == unpackd->symbol_eob) &&
294 				    (bytes_out == unpackd->uncompressed_size))
295 					goto finished;
296 
297 				fputc((*thissymbol), unpackd->fpOut);
298 				bytes_out++;
299 
300 				/* Prepare for next input */
301 				thislevel = 0; thiscode = 0;
302 			} else {
303 				thislevel++;
304 				if (thislevel > unpackd->treelevels)
305 					maybe_errx("File corrupt");
306 			}
307 		}
308 	}
309 
310 finished:
311 	if (bytes_out != unpackd->uncompressed_size)
312 		maybe_errx("Premature EOF");
313 }
314 
315 /* Handler for pack(1)'ed file */
316 static off_t
317 unpack(int in, int out, char *pre, size_t prelen, off_t *bytes_in)
318 {
319 	unpack_descriptor_t unpackd;
320 
321 	in = dup(in);
322 	if (in == -1)
323 		maybe_err("dup");
324 	out = dup(out);
325 	if (out == -1)
326 		maybe_err("dup");
327 
328 	unpack_parse_header(in, out, pre, prelen, bytes_in, &unpackd);
329 	unpack_decode(&unpackd, bytes_in);
330 	unpack_descriptor_fini(&unpackd);
331 
332 	/* If we reached here, the unpack was successful */
333 	return (unpackd.uncompressed_size);
334 }
335