xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/factor/factor.c (revision 6829dae12bb055451fa467da4589c43bd03b1e64)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Landon Curt Noll.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 #ifdef __COPYRIGHT
36 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
38 #endif
39 #ifdef __SCCSID
40 __SCCSID("@(#)factor.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/4/95");
41 #endif
42 #ifdef __RCSID
43 __RCSID("$NetBSD: factor.c,v 1.19 2009/08/12 05:54:31 dholland Exp $");
44 #endif
45 #ifdef __FBSDID
46 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
47 #endif
48 #endif /* not lint */
49 
50 /*
51  * factor - factor a number into primes
52  *
53  * By: Landon Curt Noll   chongo@toad.com,   ...!{sun,tolsoft}!hoptoad!chongo
54  *
55  *   chongo <for a good prime call: 391581 * 2^216193 - 1> /\oo/\
56  *
57  * usage:
58  *	factor [-h] [number] ...
59  *
60  * The form of the output is:
61  *
62  *	number: factor1 factor1 factor2 factor3 factor3 factor3 ...
63  *
64  * where factor1 <= factor2 <= factor3 <= ...
65  *
66  * If no args are given, the list of numbers are read from stdin.
67  */
68 
69 #include <ctype.h>
70 #include <err.h>
71 #include <errno.h>
72 #include <inttypes.h>
73 #include <limits.h>
74 #include <stdio.h>
75 #include <stdlib.h>
76 #include <unistd.h>
77 
78 #include "primes.h"
79 
80 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
81 
82 #include <openssl/bn.h>
83 
84 #define	PRIME_CHECKS	5
85 
86 static void	pollard_pminus1(BIGNUM *); /* print factors for big numbers */
87 
88 #else
89 
90 typedef ubig	BIGNUM;
91 typedef u_long	BN_ULONG;
92 
93 #define BN_CTX			int
94 #define BN_CTX_new()		NULL
95 #define BN_new()		((BIGNUM *)calloc(sizeof(BIGNUM), 1))
96 #define BN_is_zero(v)		(*(v) == 0)
97 #define BN_is_one(v)		(*(v) == 1)
98 #define BN_mod_word(a, b)	(*(a) % (b))
99 
100 static int	BN_dec2bn(BIGNUM **a, const char *str);
101 static int	BN_hex2bn(BIGNUM **a, const char *str);
102 static BN_ULONG BN_div_word(BIGNUM *, BN_ULONG);
103 static void	BN_print_fp(FILE *, const BIGNUM *);
104 
105 #endif
106 
107 static void	BN_print_dec_fp(FILE *, const BIGNUM *);
108 
109 static void	pr_fact(BIGNUM *);	/* print factors of a value */
110 static void	pr_print(BIGNUM *);	/* print a prime */
111 static void	usage(void);
112 
113 static BN_CTX	*ctx;			/* just use a global context */
114 static int	hflag;
115 
116 int
117 main(int argc, char *argv[])
118 {
119 	BIGNUM *val;
120 	int ch;
121 	char *p, buf[LINE_MAX];		/* > max number of digits. */
122 
123 	ctx = BN_CTX_new();
124 	val = BN_new();
125 	if (val == NULL)
126 		errx(1, "can't initialise bignum");
127 
128 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "h")) != -1)
129 		switch (ch) {
130 		case 'h':
131 			hflag++;
132 			break;
133 		case '?':
134 		default:
135 			usage();
136 		}
137 	argc -= optind;
138 	argv += optind;
139 
140 	/* No args supplied, read numbers from stdin. */
141 	if (argc == 0)
142 		for (;;) {
143 			if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL) {
144 				if (ferror(stdin))
145 					err(1, "stdin");
146 				exit (0);
147 			}
148 			for (p = buf; isblank(*p); ++p);
149 			if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\0')
150 				continue;
151 			if (*p == '-')
152 				errx(1, "negative numbers aren't permitted.");
153 			if (BN_dec2bn(&val, buf) == 0 &&
154 			    BN_hex2bn(&val, buf) == 0)
155 				errx(1, "%s: illegal numeric format.", buf);
156 			pr_fact(val);
157 		}
158 	/* Factor the arguments. */
159 	else
160 		for (; *argv != NULL; ++argv) {
161 			if (argv[0][0] == '-')
162 				errx(1, "negative numbers aren't permitted.");
163 			if (BN_dec2bn(&val, argv[0]) == 0 &&
164 			    BN_hex2bn(&val, argv[0]) == 0)
165 				errx(1, "%s: illegal numeric format.", argv[0]);
166 			pr_fact(val);
167 		}
168 	exit(0);
169 }
170 
171 /*
172  * pr_fact - print the factors of a number
173  *
174  * Print the factors of the number, from the lowest to the highest.
175  * A factor will be printed multiple times if it divides the value
176  * multiple times.
177  *
178  * Factors are printed with leading tabs.
179  */
180 static void
181 pr_fact(BIGNUM *val)
182 {
183 	const ubig *fact;	/* The factor found. */
184 
185 	/* Firewall - catch 0 and 1. */
186 	if (BN_is_zero(val))	/* Historical practice; 0 just exits. */
187 		exit(0);
188 	if (BN_is_one(val)) {
189 		printf("1: 1\n");
190 		return;
191 	}
192 
193 	/* Factor value. */
194 
195 	if (hflag) {
196 		fputs("0x", stdout);
197 		BN_print_fp(stdout, val);
198 	} else
199 		BN_print_dec_fp(stdout, val);
200 	putchar(':');
201 	for (fact = &prime[0]; !BN_is_one(val); ++fact) {
202 		/* Look for the smallest factor. */
203 		do {
204 			if (BN_mod_word(val, (BN_ULONG)*fact) == 0)
205 				break;
206 		} while (++fact <= pr_limit);
207 
208 		/* Watch for primes larger than the table. */
209 		if (fact > pr_limit) {
210 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
211 			BIGNUM *bnfact;
212 
213 			bnfact = BN_new();
214 			BN_set_word(bnfact, *(fact - 1));
215 			if (!BN_sqr(bnfact, bnfact, ctx))
216 				errx(1, "error in BN_sqr()");
217 			if (BN_cmp(bnfact, val) > 0 ||
218 			    BN_is_prime_ex(val, PRIME_CHECKS, NULL, NULL) == 1)
219 				pr_print(val);
220 			else
221 				pollard_pminus1(val);
222 #else
223 			pr_print(val);
224 #endif
225 			break;
226 		}
227 
228 		/* Divide factor out until none are left. */
229 		do {
230 			printf(hflag ? " 0x%" PRIx64 "" : " %" PRIu64 "", *fact);
231 			BN_div_word(val, (BN_ULONG)*fact);
232 		} while (BN_mod_word(val, (BN_ULONG)*fact) == 0);
233 
234 		/* Let the user know we're doing something. */
235 		fflush(stdout);
236 	}
237 	putchar('\n');
238 }
239 
240 static void
241 pr_print(BIGNUM *val)
242 {
243 	if (hflag) {
244 		fputs(" 0x", stdout);
245 		BN_print_fp(stdout, val);
246 	} else {
247 		putchar(' ');
248 		BN_print_dec_fp(stdout, val);
249 	}
250 }
251 
252 static void
253 usage(void)
254 {
255 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: factor [-h] [value ...]\n");
256 	exit(1);
257 }
258 
259 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
260 
261 /* pollard p-1, algorithm from Jim Gillogly, May 2000 */
262 static void
263 pollard_pminus1(BIGNUM *val)
264 {
265 	BIGNUM *base, *rbase, *num, *i, *x;
266 
267 	base = BN_new();
268 	rbase = BN_new();
269 	num = BN_new();
270 	i = BN_new();
271 	x = BN_new();
272 
273 	BN_set_word(rbase, 1);
274 newbase:
275 	if (!BN_add_word(rbase, 1))
276 		errx(1, "error in BN_add_word()");
277 	BN_set_word(i, 2);
278 	BN_copy(base, rbase);
279 
280 	for (;;) {
281 		BN_mod_exp(base, base, i, val, ctx);
282 		if (BN_is_one(base))
283 			goto newbase;
284 
285 		BN_copy(x, base);
286 		BN_sub_word(x, 1);
287 		if (!BN_gcd(x, x, val, ctx))
288 			errx(1, "error in BN_gcd()");
289 
290 		if (!BN_is_one(x)) {
291 			if (BN_is_prime_ex(x, PRIME_CHECKS, NULL, NULL) == 1)
292 				pr_print(x);
293 			else
294 				pollard_pminus1(x);
295 			fflush(stdout);
296 
297 			BN_div(num, NULL, val, x, ctx);
298 			if (BN_is_one(num))
299 				return;
300 			if (BN_is_prime_ex(num, PRIME_CHECKS, NULL,
301 			    NULL) == 1) {
302 				pr_print(num);
303 				fflush(stdout);
304 				return;
305 			}
306 			BN_copy(val, num);
307 		}
308 		if (!BN_add_word(i, 1))
309 			errx(1, "error in BN_add_word()");
310 	}
311 }
312 
313 /*
314  * Sigh..  No _decimal_ output to file functions in BN.
315  */
316 static void
317 BN_print_dec_fp(FILE *fp, const BIGNUM *num)
318 {
319 	char *buf;
320 
321 	buf = BN_bn2dec(num);
322 	if (buf == NULL)
323 		return;	/* XXX do anything here? */
324 	fprintf(fp, "%s", buf);
325 	free(buf);
326 }
327 
328 #else
329 
330 static void
331 BN_print_fp(FILE *fp, const BIGNUM *num)
332 {
333 	fprintf(fp, "%lx", (unsigned long)*num);
334 }
335 
336 static void
337 BN_print_dec_fp(FILE *fp, const BIGNUM *num)
338 {
339 	fprintf(fp, "%lu", (unsigned long)*num);
340 }
341 
342 static int
343 BN_dec2bn(BIGNUM **a, const char *str)
344 {
345 	char *p;
346 
347 	errno = 0;
348 	**a = strtoul(str, &p, 10);
349 	return (errno == 0 && (*p == '\n' || *p == '\0'));
350 }
351 
352 static int
353 BN_hex2bn(BIGNUM **a, const char *str)
354 {
355 	char *p;
356 
357 	errno = 0;
358 	**a = strtoul(str, &p, 16);
359 	return (errno == 0 && (*p == '\n' || *p == '\0'));
360 }
361 
362 static BN_ULONG
363 BN_div_word(BIGNUM *a, BN_ULONG b)
364 {
365 	BN_ULONG mod;
366 
367 	mod = *a % b;
368 	*a /= b;
369 	return mod;
370 }
371 
372 #endif
373