1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)expand.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd June 9, 1993 36.Dt EXPAND 1 37.Os BSD 4 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm expand , 40.Nm unexpand 41.Nd expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa 42.Sh SYNOPSIS 43.Nm expand 44.Op Fl Ns Ar tabstop 45.Op Fl Ns Ar tab1,tab2,...,tabn 46.Ar 47.Nm unexpand 48.Op Fl a 49.Ar 50.Sh DESCRIPTION 51.Nm Expand 52processes the named files or the standard input writing 53the standard output with tabs changed into blanks. 54Backspace characters are preserved into the output and decrement 55the column count for tab calculations. 56.Nm Expand 57is useful for pre-processing character files 58(before sorting, looking at specific columns, etc.) that 59contain tabs. 60.Pp 61If a single 62.Ar tabstop 63argument is given, then tabs are set 64.Ar tabstop 65spaces apart instead of the default 8. 66If multiple tabstops are given then the tabs are set at those 67specific columns. 68.Pp 69.Nm Unexpand 70puts tabs back into the data from the standard input or the named 71files and writes the result on the standard output. 72.Pp 73Option (with 74.Nm unexpand 75only): 76.Bl -tag -width flag 77.It Fl a 78By default, only leading blanks and tabs 79are reconverted to maximal strings of tabs. If the 80.Fl a 81option is given, then tabs are inserted whenever they would compress the 82resultant file by replacing two or more characters. 83.El 84.Sh HISTORY 85The 86.Nm expand 87command appeared in 88.Bx 3.0 . 89