xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/diff3/diff3.1 (revision 690b7ea081790eef2c890f63a4fe7e195cf51df0)
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30.\"     @(#)diff3.1	8.2 (Berkeley) 4/18/94
31.\" $FreeBSD$
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33.Dd April 19, 2022
34.Dt DIFF3 1
35.Os
36.Sh NAME
37.Nm diff3
38.Nd 3-way differential file comparison
39.Sh SYNOPSIS
40.Nm diff3
41.Op Fl 3AaEeimTXx
42.Op Fl Fl diff-program Ar program
43.Op Fl Fl strip-trailing-cr
44.Op Fl L | Fl Fl label Ar label1
45.Op Fl L | Fl Fl label Ar label2
46.Op Fl L | Fl Fl label Ar label3
47.Ar file1 file2 file3
48.Sh DESCRIPTION
49The
50.Nm
51utility compares the contents of three different versions of a file,
52.Ar file1 ,
53.Ar file2
54and
55.Ar file3 ,
56writing the result to the standard output.
57The options describe different methods of merging and
58purging
59the separate versions into a new file.
60.Nm
61is used by
62.Xr rcs 1
63to merge specific versions or create
64new versions.
65.Pp
66The options are as follows:
67.Bl -tag -width "-E, -X"
68.It Fl 3 , Fl Fl easy-only
69Produces an output script suitable for
70.Xr ed 1
71with changes
72specific only to
73.Ar file3 .
74.It Fl A Fl Fl show-all
75Output all changes, bracketing conflicts.
76.It Fl a , Fl Fl text
77Treat all files as ASCII.
78.It Fl E , Fl Fl show-overlap
79.It Fl X
80Similar to
81.Fl e
82and
83.Fl x ,
84respectively, but treat overlapping changes (i.e., changes that would
85be noted with ==== in the normal listing) differently.
86The overlapping lines from both files will be inserted by the edit script,
87bracketed by "<<<<<<" and ">>>>>>" lines.
88.It Fl e , Fl Fl ed
89Produces output in a form suitable as an input script for the
90.Xr ed 1
91utility.
92The script may then be used to merge differences common between all
93three files and differences specific to
94.Ar file1
95and
96.Ar file3 .
97In other words, the
98.Fl e
99option ignores differences specific to
100.Ar file1
101and
102.Ar file2 ,
103and those specific to
104.Ar file2
105and
106.Ar file3 .
107It is useful for backing out changes specific to
108.Ar file2
109only.
110.It Fl i
111Appends 'w' and 'q'
112.Xr ed 1
113commands.
114.It Fl L , Fl Fl label
115Defines labels to print instead of file names
116.Ar file1 ,
117.Ar file2
118and
119.Ar file3 .
120.It Fl m, Fl Fl merge
121Merge output instead of generating ed script.
122.It Fl T, Fl Fl initial-tab
123In the normal listing,
124use a tab instead of two spaces
125at the beginning of each line.
126In modes that produce an
127.Xr ed 1
128script, this option changes nothing.
129.It Fl x, Fl Fl overlap-only
130Produces an output script suitable for
131.Xr ed 1
132with changes
133specific only to all three versions.
134.It Fl Fl diff-program Ar program
135Use
136.Ar program
137instead of the default
138.Xr diff 1
139to compare files.
140.It Fl Fl strip-trailing-cr
141Strip trailing carriage return on input files.
142.El
143.Pp
144The
145.Fl E
146option is used by
147.Tn RCS
148.Xr merge 1
149to ensure that overlapping changes in the merged files are preserved
150and brought to someone's attention.
151.Pp
152For example, suppose lines 7-8 are changed in both
153.Ar file1
154and
155.Ar file2 .
156Applying the edit script generated by the command
157.Pp
158.Dl $ diff3 -E file1 file2 file3
159.Pp
160to
161.Ar file1
162results in the file:
163.Bd -literal -offset indent
164lines 1-6
165of file1
166<<<<<<< file1
167lines 7-8
168of file1
169=======
170lines 7-8
171of file3
172>>>>>>> file3
173rest of file1
174.Ed
175.Pp
176The default output of
177.Nm
178makes notation of the differences between all files, and those
179differences specific to each pair of files.
180The changes are described by the commands necessary for
181.Xr ed 1
182to create the desired target from the different versions.
183See
184.Xr diff 1
185for a description of the commands.
186.Bl -tag -width "====="
187.It Li \&====
188The lines beneath this notation are ranges of lines which are different
189between all files.
190.It \&==== Ns Va n
191The lines beneath this notation are ranges of lines which are exclusively
192different in file
193.Va n .
194.El
195.Sh SEE ALSO
196.Xr diff 1 ,
197.Xr ed 1 ,
198.Xr merge 1 ,
199.Xr rcs 1 ,
200.Xr sdiff 1
201.Sh HISTORY
202A
203.Nm
204command appeared in
205.At v7 .
206.Sh BUGS
207The
208.Fl e
209option cannot catch and change lines which have
210.Ql \&.
211as the first and only character on the line.
212The resulting script will fail on that line
213as
214.Ql \&.
215is an
216.Xr ed 1
217editing command.
218