xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/calendar/calendar.1 (revision 0b3105a37d7adcadcb720112fed4dc4e8040be99)
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28.\"     @(#)calendar.1  8.1 (Berkeley) 6/29/93
29.\" $FreeBSD$
30.\"
31.Dd April 6, 2013
32.Dt CALENDAR 1
33.Os
34.Sh NAME
35.Nm calendar
36.Nd reminder service
37.Sh SYNOPSIS
38.Nm
39.Op Fl A Ar num
40.Op Fl a
41.Op Fl B Ar num
42.Op Fl D Ar moon|sun
43.Op Fl d
44.Op Fl F Ar friday
45.Op Fl f Ar calendarfile
46.Op Fl l Ar longitude
47.Oo
48.Bk -words
49.Fl t Ar dd Ns
50.Sm off
51.Op . Ar mm Op . Ar year
52.Sm on
53.Ek
54.Oc
55.Op Fl U Ar UTC-offset
56.Op Fl W Ar num
57.Sh DESCRIPTION
58The
59.Nm
60utility checks the current directory for a file named
61.Pa calendar
62and displays lines that fall into the specified date range.
63On the day before a weekend (normally Friday), events for the next
64three days are displayed.
65.Pp
66The following options are available:
67.Bl -tag -width Ds
68.It Fl A Ar num
69Print lines from today and the next
70.Ar num
71days (forward, future).
72.It Fl a
73Process the ``calendar'' files of all users and mail the results
74to them.
75This requires super-user privileges.
76.It Fl B Ar num
77Print lines from today and the previous
78.Ar num
79days (backward, past).
80.It Fl D Ar moon|sun
81Print UTC offset, longitude and moon or sun information.
82.It Fl d
83Debug option: print current date information.
84.It Fl F Ar friday
85Specify which day of the week is ``Friday'' (the day before the
86weekend begins).
87Default is 5.
88.It Fl f Pa calendarfile
89Use
90.Pa calendarfile
91as the default calendar file.
92.It Fl l Ar longitude
93Perform lunar and solar calculations from this longitude.
94If neither longitude nor UTC offset is specified, the calculations will
95be based on the difference between UTC time and localtime.
96If both are specified, UTC offset overrides longitude.
97.It Xo Fl t
98.Sm off
99.Ar dd
100.Op . Ar mm Op . Ar year
101.Sm on
102.Xc
103For test purposes only: set date directly to argument values.
104.It Fl U Ar UTC-offset
105Perform lunar and solar calculations from this UTC offset.
106If neither UTC offset nor longitude is specified, the calculations
107will be based on the difference between UTC time and localtime.
108If both are specified, UTC offset overrides longitude.
109.It Fl W Ar num
110Print lines from today and the next
111.Ar num
112days (forward, future).
113Ignore weekends when calculating the number of days.
114.El
115.Sh FILE FORMAT
116To handle calendars in your national code table you can specify
117.Dq LANG=<locale_name>
118in the calendar file as early as possible.
119.Pp
120To handle the local name of sequences, you can specify them as:
121.Dq SEQUENCE=<first> <second> <third> <fourth> <fifth> <last>
122in the calendar file as early as possible.
123.Pp
124The names of the following special days are recognized:
125.Bl -tag -width 123456789012345 -compact
126.It Easter
127Catholic Easter.
128.It Paskha
129Orthodox Easter.
130.It NewMoon
131The lunar New Moon.
132.It FullMoon
133The lunar Full Moon.
134.It MarEquinox
135The solar equinox in March.
136.It JunSolstice
137The solar solstice in June.
138.It SepEquinox
139The solar equinox in September.
140.It DecSolstice
141The solar solstice in December.
142.It ChineseNewYear
143The first day of the Chinese year.
144.El
145These names may be reassigned to their local names via an assignment
146like
147.Dq Easter=Pasen
148in the calendar file.
149.Pp
150Other lines should begin with a month and day.
151They may be entered in almost any format, either numeric or as character
152strings.
153If the proper locale is set, national month and weekday
154names can be used.
155A single asterisk (``*'') matches every month.
156A day without a month matches that day of every week.
157A month without a day matches the first of that month.
158Two numbers default to the month followed by the day.
159Lines with leading tabs default to the last entered date, allowing
160multiple line specifications for a single date.
161.Pp
162The names of the recognized special days may be followed by a
163positive or negative integer, like:
164.Dq Easter+3
165or
166.Dq Paskha-4 .
167.Pp
168Weekdays may be followed by ``-4'' ...\& ``+5'' (aliases for
169last, first, second, third, fourth) for moving events like
170``the last Monday in April''.
171.Pp
172By convention, dates followed by an asterisk are not fixed, i.e., change
173from year to year.
174.Pp
175Day descriptions start after the first <tab> character in the line;
176if the line does not contain a <tab> character, it is not displayed.
177If the first character in the line is a <tab> character, it is treated as
178a continuation of the previous line.
179.Pp
180The
181.Nm
182file is preprocessed by a limited subset of
183.Xr cpp 1
184internally, allowing the inclusion of shared files such as
185lists of company holidays or meetings.
186This limited subset consists of \fB#include #ifndef #endif\fR and \fB#define\fR.
187If the shared file is not referenced by a full pathname,
188.Xr calendar 1
189searches in the current (or home) directory first, and then in the
190directory
191.Pa /usr/share/calendar .
192Empty lines and lines protected by the C commenting syntax
193.Pq Li /* ... */
194are ignored.
195.Pp
196Some possible calendar entries (<tab> characters highlighted by
197\fB\et\fR sequence)
198.Bd -unfilled -offset indent
199LANG=C
200Easter=Ostern
201
202#include <calendar.usholiday>
203#include <calendar.birthday>
204
2056/15\fB\et\fRJune 15 (if ambiguous, will default to month/day).
206Jun. 15\fB\et\fRJune 15.
20715 June\fB\et\fRJune 15.
208Thursday\fB\et\fREvery Thursday.
209June\fB\et\fREvery June 1st.
21015 *\fB\et\fR15th of every month.
2112010/4/15\fB\et\fR15 April 2010
212
213May Sun+2\fB\et\fRsecond Sunday in May (Muttertag)
21404/SunLast\fB\et\fRlast Sunday in April,
215\fB\et\fRsummer time in Europe
216Easter\fB\et\fREaster
217Ostern-2\fB\et\fRGood Friday (2 days before Easter)
218Paskha\fB\et\fROrthodox Easter
219
220.Ed
221.Sh FILES
222.Bl -tag -width calendar.christian -compact
223.It Pa calendar
224file in current directory.
225.It Pa ~/.calendar
226.Pa calendar
227HOME directory.
228A chdir is done into this directory if it exists.
229.It Pa ~/.calendar/calendar
230calendar file to use if no calendar file exists in the current directory.
231.It Pa ~/.calendar/nomail
232do not send mail if this file exists.
233.El
234.Pp
235The following default calendar files are provided in
236.Pa /usr/share/calendar:
237.Pp
238.Bl -tag -width calendar.southafrica -compact
239.It Pa calendar.all
240File which includes all the default files.
241.It Pa calendar.australia
242Calendar of events in Australia.
243.It Pa calendar.birthday
244Births and deaths of famous (and not-so-famous) people.
245.It Pa calendar.christian
246Christian holidays.
247This calendar should be updated yearly by the local system administrator
248so that roving holidays are set correctly for the current year.
249.It Pa calendar.computer
250Days of special significance to computer people.
251.It Pa calendar.croatian
252Calendar of events in Croatia.
253.It Pa calendar.dutch
254Calendar of events in the Netherlands.
255.It Pa calendar.freebsd
256Birthdays of
257.Fx
258committers.
259.It Pa calendar.french
260Calendar of events in France.
261.It Pa calendar.german
262Calendar of events in Germany.
263.It Pa calendar.history
264Everything else, mostly U.S.\& historical events.
265.It Pa calendar.holiday
266Other holidays, including the not-well-known, obscure, and
267.Em really
268obscure.
269.It Pa calendar.judaic
270Jewish holidays.
271The entries for this calendar have been obtained from the port
272deskutils/hebcal.
273.It Pa calendar.music
274Musical events, births, and deaths.
275Strongly oriented toward rock 'n' roll.
276.It Pa calendar.newzealand
277Calendar of events in New Zealand.
278.It Pa calendar.russian
279Russian calendar.
280.It Pa calendar.southafrica
281Calendar of events in South Africa.
282.It Pa calendar.usholiday
283U.S.\& holidays.
284This calendar should be updated yearly by the local system administrator
285so that roving holidays are set correctly for the current year.
286.It Pa calendar.world
287Includes all calendar files except for national files.
288.El
289.Sh COMPATIBILITY
290The
291.Nm
292program previously selected lines which had the correct date anywhere
293in the line.
294This is no longer true, the date is only recognized when it occurs
295at the beginning of a line.
296.Sh SEE ALSO
297.Xr at 1 ,
298.Xr cpp 1 ,
299.Xr mail 1 ,
300.Xr cron 8
301.Sh HISTORY
302A
303.Nm
304command appeared in
305.At v7 .
306.Sh NOTES
307Chinese New Year is calculated at 120 degrees east of Greenwich,
308which roughly corresponds with the east coast of China.
309For people west of China, this might result that the start of Chinese
310New Year and the day of the related new moon might differ.
311.Pp
312The phases of the moon and the longitude of the sun are calculated
313against the local position which corresponds with 30 degrees times
314the time-difference towards Greenwich.
315.Pp
316The new and full moons are happening on the day indicated: They
317might happen in the time period in the early night or in the late
318evening.
319It does not indicate that they are starting in the night on that date.
320.Pp
321Because of minor differences between the output of the formulas
322used and other sources on the Internet, Druids and Werewolves should
323double-check the start and end time of solar and lunar events.
324.Sh BUGS
325The
326.Nm
327internal cpp does not correctly do #ifndef and will discard the rest
328of the file if a #ifndef is triggered.
329It also has a maximum of 50 include file and/or 100 #defines
330and only recognises #include, #define and
331#ifndef.
332.Pp
333There is no possibility to properly specify the local position
334needed for solar and lunar calculations.
335