xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/caesar/caesar.c (revision 5b31cc94b10d4bb7109c6b27940a0fc76a44a331)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Rick Adams.
7  *
8  * Authors:
9  *	Stan King, John Eldridge, based on algorithm suggested by
10  *	Bob Morris
11  * 29-Sep-82
12  *
13  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
14  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
15  * are met:
16  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
18  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
20  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
21  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
22  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
23  *    without specific prior written permission.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
27  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
28  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
29  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
30  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
31  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
32  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
33  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
34  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35  * SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 #if 0
39 #ifndef lint
40 static const char copyright[] =
41 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
42 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
43 #endif /* not lint */
44 
45 #endif
46 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
47 #include <errno.h>
48 #include <math.h>
49 #include <stdio.h>
50 #include <stdlib.h>
51 #include <string.h>
52 #include <ctype.h>
53 #include <unistd.h>
54 
55 #define	LINELENGTH	2048
56 #define	ROTATE(ch, perm) \
57      isascii(ch) ? ( \
58 	isupper(ch) ? ('A' + (ch - 'A' + perm) % 26) : \
59 	    islower(ch) ? ('a' + (ch - 'a' + perm) % 26) : ch) : ch
60 
61 /*
62  * letter frequencies (taken from some unix(tm) documentation)
63  * (unix is a trademark of Bell Laboratories)
64  */
65 static double stdf[26] = {
66 	7.97, 1.35, 3.61, 4.78, 12.37, 2.01, 1.46, 4.49, 6.39, 0.04,
67 	0.42, 3.81, 2.69, 5.92,  6.96, 2.91, 0.08, 6.63, 8.77, 9.68,
68 	2.62, 0.81, 1.88, 0.23,  2.07, 0.06,
69 };
70 
71 static void printit(char *);
72 
73 int
74 main(int argc, char **argv)
75 {
76 	int ch, dot, i, nread, winnerdot = 0;
77 	char *inbuf;
78 	int obs[26], try, winner;
79 
80 	if (argc > 1)
81 		printit(argv[1]);
82 
83 	if (!(inbuf = malloc((size_t)LINELENGTH))) {
84 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "caesar: out of memory.\n");
85 		exit(1);
86 	}
87 
88 	/* adjust frequency table to weight low probs REAL low */
89 	for (i = 0; i < 26; ++i)
90 		stdf[i] = log(stdf[i]) + log(26.0 / 100.0);
91 
92 	/* zero out observation table */
93 	bzero(obs, 26 * sizeof(int));
94 
95 	if ((nread = read(STDIN_FILENO, inbuf, (size_t)LINELENGTH)) < 0) {
96 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "caesar: %s\n", strerror(errno));
97 		exit(1);
98 	}
99 	for (i = nread; i--;) {
100 		ch = (unsigned char) inbuf[i];
101 		if (isascii(ch)) {
102 			if (islower(ch))
103 				++obs[ch - 'a'];
104 			else if (isupper(ch))
105 				++obs[ch - 'A'];
106 		}
107 	}
108 
109 	/*
110 	 * now "dot" the freqs with the observed letter freqs
111 	 * and keep track of best fit
112 	 */
113 	for (try = winner = 0; try < 26; ++try) { /* += 13) { */
114 		dot = 0;
115 		for (i = 0; i < 26; i++)
116 			dot += obs[i] * stdf[(i + try) % 26];
117 		/* initialize winning score */
118 		if (try == 0)
119 			winnerdot = dot;
120 		if (dot > winnerdot) {
121 			/* got a new winner! */
122 			winner = try;
123 			winnerdot = dot;
124 		}
125 	}
126 
127 	for (;;) {
128 		for (i = 0; i < nread; ++i) {
129 			ch = (unsigned char) inbuf[i];
130 			putchar(ROTATE(ch, winner));
131 		}
132 		if (nread < LINELENGTH)
133 			break;
134 		if ((nread = read(STDIN_FILENO, inbuf, (size_t)LINELENGTH)) < 0) {
135 			(void)fprintf(stderr, "caesar: %s\n", strerror(errno));
136 			exit(1);
137 		}
138 	}
139 	exit(0);
140 }
141 
142 static void
143 printit(char *arg)
144 {
145 	int ch, rot;
146 
147 	if ((rot = atoi(arg)) < 0) {
148 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "caesar: bad rotation value.\n");
149 		exit(1);
150 	}
151 	while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF)
152 		putchar(ROTATE(ch, rot));
153 	exit(0);
154 }
155