1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1990, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)apply.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/4/94 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd July 17, 2004 36.Dt APPLY 1 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm apply 40.Nd apply a command to a set of arguments 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm 43.Op Fl a Ar c 44.Op Fl d 45.Op Fl # 46.Ar command argument ... 47.Sh DESCRIPTION 48The 49.Nm 50utility runs the named 51.Ar command 52on each 53argument 54.Ar argument 55in turn. 56.Pp 57Character sequences of the form 58.Dq Li \&%d 59in 60.Ar command , 61where 62.Sq Li d 63is a digit from 1 to 9, are replaced by the 64.Li d Ns \'th 65following unused 66.Ar argument . 67In this case, the largest digit number of arguments are discarded for 68each execution of 69.Ar command . 70.Pp 71The options are as follows: 72.Bl -tag -width indent 73.It Fl # 74Normally arguments are taken singly; the optional number 75.Fl # 76specifies the number of arguments to be passed to 77.Ar command . 78If the number is zero, 79.Ar command 80is run, without arguments, once for each 81.Ar argument . 82.Pp 83If any sequences of 84.Dq Li \&%d 85occur in 86.Ar command , 87the 88.Fl # 89option is ignored. 90.It Fl a Ar c 91The use of the character 92.Sq Li % 93as a magic character may be changed with the 94.Fl a 95option. 96.It Fl d 97Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not actually 98execute them. 99.El 100.Sh ENVIRONMENT 101The following environment variable affects the execution of 102.Nm : 103.Bl -tag -width SHELL 104.It Ev SHELL 105Pathname of shell to use. 106If this variable is not defined, the Bourne shell is used. 107.El 108.Sh EXAMPLES 109.Bl -tag -width apply -compact 110.It Li "apply echo a*" 111is similar to 112.Xr ls 1 ; 113.It Li "apply \-2 cmp a1 b1 a2 b2 a3 b3" 114compares the `a' files to the `b' files; 115.It Li "apply \-0 who 1 2 3 4 5" 116runs 117.Xr who 1 1185 times; and 119.It Li "apply \'ln %1 /usr/joe\'" * 120links all files in the current directory to the directory 121.Pa /usr/joe . 122.El 123.Sh FILES 124.Bl -tag -width /bin/sh -compact 125.It Pa /bin/sh 126default shell 127.El 128.Sh AUTHORS 129.An Rob Pike 130.Sh BUGS 131Shell metacharacters in 132.Ar command 133may have bizarre effects; it is best to enclose complicated 134commands in single quotes 135.Pq '' . 136.Pp 137The 138.Nm 139utility does not recognize multibyte characters. 140.Sh HISTORY 141The 142.Nm 143command appeared in 144.Bx 4.2 . 145