xref: /freebsd/tests/sys/netmap/ctrl-api-test.c (revision 924226fba12cc9a228c73b956e1b7fa24c60b055)

/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2018 Vincenzo Maffione
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * $FreeBSD$
 */

/*
 * This program contains a suite of unit tests for the netmap control device.
 *
 * On FreeBSD, you can run these tests with Kyua once installed in the system:
 *     # kyua test -k /usr/tests/sys/netmap/Kyuafile
 *
 * On Linux, you can run them directly:
 *     # ./ctrl-api-test
 */

#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <libnetmap.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/netmap.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stddef.h>

#ifdef __FreeBSD__
#include "freebsd_test_suite/macros.h"

static int
eventfd(int x __unused, int y __unused)
{
	errno = ENODEV;
	return -1;
}
#else /* __linux__ */
#include <sys/eventfd.h>
#endif

#define NM_IFNAMSZ 64

static int
exec_command(int argc, const char *const argv[])
{
	pid_t child_pid;
	pid_t wret;
	int child_status;
	int i;

	printf("Executing command: ");
	for (i = 0; i < argc - 1; i++) {
		if (!argv[i]) {
			/* Invalid argument. */
			return -1;
		}
		if (i > 0) {
			putchar(' ');
		}
		printf("%s", argv[i]);
	}
	putchar('\n');

	child_pid = fork();
	if (child_pid == 0) {
		char **av;
		int fds[3];

		/* Child process. Redirect stdin, stdout
		 * and stderr. */
		for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
			close(i);
			fds[i] = open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
			if (fds[i] < 0) {
				for (i--; i >= 0; i--) {
					close(fds[i]);
				}
				return -1;
			}
		}

		/* Make a copy of the arguments, passing them to execvp. */
		av = calloc(argc, sizeof(av[0]));
		if (!av) {
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		for (i = 0; i < argc - 1; i++) {
			av[i] = strdup(argv[i]);
			if (!av[i]) {
				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
			}
		}
		execvp(av[0], av);
		perror("execvp()");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	wret = waitpid(child_pid, &child_status, 0);
	if (wret < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "waitpid() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return wret;
	}
	if (WIFEXITED(child_status)) {
		return WEXITSTATUS(child_status);
	}

	return -1;
}


#define THRET_SUCCESS	((void *)128)
#define THRET_FAILURE	((void *)0)

struct TestContext {
	char ifname[NM_IFNAMSZ];
	char ifname_ext[NM_IFNAMSZ];
	char bdgname[NM_IFNAMSZ];
	uint32_t nr_tx_slots;   /* slots in tx rings */
	uint32_t nr_rx_slots;   /* slots in rx rings */
	uint16_t nr_tx_rings;   /* number of tx rings */
	uint16_t nr_rx_rings;   /* number of rx rings */
	uint16_t nr_host_tx_rings;   /* number of host tx rings */
	uint16_t nr_host_rx_rings;   /* number of host rx rings */
	uint16_t nr_mem_id;     /* id of the memory allocator */
	uint16_t nr_ringid;     /* ring(s) we care about */
	uint32_t nr_mode;       /* specify NR_REG_* modes */
	uint32_t nr_extra_bufs; /* number of requested extra buffers */
	uint64_t nr_flags;      /* additional flags (see below) */
	uint32_t nr_hdr_len; /* for PORT_HDR_SET and PORT_HDR_GET */
	uint32_t nr_first_cpu_id;     /* vale polling */
	uint32_t nr_num_polling_cpus; /* vale polling */
	uint32_t sync_kloop_mode; /* sync-kloop */
	int fd; /* netmap file descriptor */

	void *csb;                    /* CSB entries (atok and ktoa) */
	struct nmreq_option *nr_opt;  /* list of options */
	sem_t *sem;	/* for thread synchronization */

	struct nmctx *nmctx;
	const char *ifparse;
	struct nmport_d *nmport;      /* nmport descriptor from libnetmap */
};

static struct TestContext ctx_;

typedef int (*testfunc_t)(struct TestContext *ctx);

static void
nmreq_hdr_init(struct nmreq_header *hdr, const char *ifname)
{
	memset(hdr, 0, sizeof(*hdr));
	hdr->nr_version = NETMAP_API;
	assert(strlen(ifname) < NM_IFNAMSZ);
	strncpy(hdr->nr_name, ifname, sizeof(hdr->nr_name));
}

/* Single NETMAP_REQ_PORT_INFO_GET. */
static int
port_info_get(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_port_info_get req;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	int success;
	int ret;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_PORT_INFO_GET on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_PORT_INFO_GET;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	req.nr_mem_id = ctx->nr_mem_id;
	ret           = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, PORT_INFO_GET)");
		return ret;
	}
	printf("nr_memsize %llu\n", (unsigned long long)req.nr_memsize);
	printf("nr_tx_slots %u\n", req.nr_tx_slots);
	printf("nr_rx_slots %u\n", req.nr_rx_slots);
	printf("nr_tx_rings %u\n", req.nr_tx_rings);
	printf("nr_rx_rings %u\n", req.nr_rx_rings);
	printf("nr_mem_id %u\n", req.nr_mem_id);

	success = req.nr_memsize && req.nr_tx_slots && req.nr_rx_slots &&
	          req.nr_tx_rings && req.nr_rx_rings && req.nr_tx_rings;
	if (!success) {
		return -1;
	}

	/* Write back results to the context structure. */
	ctx->nr_tx_slots = req.nr_tx_slots;
	ctx->nr_rx_slots = req.nr_rx_slots;
	ctx->nr_tx_rings = req.nr_tx_rings;
	ctx->nr_rx_rings = req.nr_rx_rings;
	ctx->nr_mem_id   = req.nr_mem_id;

	return 0;
}

/* Single NETMAP_REQ_REGISTER, no use. */
static int
port_register(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_register req;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	int success;
	int ret;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_REGISTER(mode=%d,ringid=%d,"
	       "flags=0x%llx) on '%s'\n",
	       ctx->nr_mode, ctx->nr_ringid, (unsigned long long)ctx->nr_flags,
	       ctx->ifname_ext);

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_REGISTER;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	hdr.nr_options = (uintptr_t)ctx->nr_opt;
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	req.nr_mem_id     = ctx->nr_mem_id;
	req.nr_mode       = ctx->nr_mode;
	req.nr_ringid     = ctx->nr_ringid;
	req.nr_flags      = ctx->nr_flags;
	req.nr_tx_slots   = ctx->nr_tx_slots;
	req.nr_rx_slots   = ctx->nr_rx_slots;
	req.nr_tx_rings   = ctx->nr_tx_rings;
	req.nr_host_tx_rings = ctx->nr_host_tx_rings;
	req.nr_host_rx_rings = ctx->nr_host_rx_rings;
	req.nr_rx_rings   = ctx->nr_rx_rings;
	req.nr_extra_bufs = ctx->nr_extra_bufs;
	ret               = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, REGISTER)");
		return ret;
	}
	printf("nr_offset 0x%llx\n", (unsigned long long)req.nr_offset);
	printf("nr_memsize %llu\n", (unsigned long long)req.nr_memsize);
	printf("nr_tx_slots %u\n", req.nr_tx_slots);
	printf("nr_rx_slots %u\n", req.nr_rx_slots);
	printf("nr_tx_rings %u\n", req.nr_tx_rings);
	printf("nr_rx_rings %u\n", req.nr_rx_rings);
	printf("nr_host_tx_rings %u\n", req.nr_host_tx_rings);
	printf("nr_host_rx_rings %u\n", req.nr_host_rx_rings);
	printf("nr_mem_id %u\n", req.nr_mem_id);
	printf("nr_extra_bufs %u\n", req.nr_extra_bufs);

	success = req.nr_memsize && (ctx->nr_mode == req.nr_mode) &&
		       (ctx->nr_ringid == req.nr_ringid) &&
		       (ctx->nr_flags == req.nr_flags) &&
		       ((!ctx->nr_tx_slots && req.nr_tx_slots) ||
			(ctx->nr_tx_slots == req.nr_tx_slots)) &&
		       ((!ctx->nr_rx_slots && req.nr_rx_slots) ||
			(ctx->nr_rx_slots == req.nr_rx_slots)) &&
		       ((!ctx->nr_tx_rings && req.nr_tx_rings) ||
			(ctx->nr_tx_rings == req.nr_tx_rings)) &&
		       ((!ctx->nr_rx_rings && req.nr_rx_rings) ||
			(ctx->nr_rx_rings == req.nr_rx_rings)) &&
		       ((!ctx->nr_host_tx_rings && req.nr_host_tx_rings) ||
			(ctx->nr_host_tx_rings == req.nr_host_tx_rings)) &&
		       ((!ctx->nr_host_rx_rings && req.nr_host_rx_rings) ||
			(ctx->nr_host_rx_rings == req.nr_host_rx_rings)) &&
		       ((!ctx->nr_mem_id && req.nr_mem_id) ||
			(ctx->nr_mem_id == req.nr_mem_id)) &&
		       (ctx->nr_extra_bufs == req.nr_extra_bufs);
	if (!success) {
		return -1;
	}

	/* Write back results to the context structure.*/
	ctx->nr_tx_slots   = req.nr_tx_slots;
	ctx->nr_rx_slots   = req.nr_rx_slots;
	ctx->nr_tx_rings   = req.nr_tx_rings;
	ctx->nr_rx_rings   = req.nr_rx_rings;
	ctx->nr_host_tx_rings = req.nr_host_tx_rings;
	ctx->nr_host_rx_rings = req.nr_host_rx_rings;
	ctx->nr_mem_id     = req.nr_mem_id;
	ctx->nr_extra_bufs = req.nr_extra_bufs;

	return 0;
}

static int
niocregif(struct TestContext *ctx, int netmap_api)
{
	struct nmreq req;
	int success;
	int ret;

	printf("Testing legacy NIOCREGIF on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	memcpy(req.nr_name, ctx->ifname_ext, sizeof(req.nr_name));
	req.nr_name[sizeof(req.nr_name) - 1] = '\0';
	req.nr_version = netmap_api;
	req.nr_ringid     = ctx->nr_ringid;
	req.nr_flags      = ctx->nr_mode | ctx->nr_flags;
	req.nr_tx_slots   = ctx->nr_tx_slots;
	req.nr_rx_slots   = ctx->nr_rx_slots;
	req.nr_tx_rings   = ctx->nr_tx_rings;
	req.nr_rx_rings   = ctx->nr_rx_rings;
	req.nr_arg2     = ctx->nr_mem_id;
	req.nr_arg3 = ctx->nr_extra_bufs;

	ret = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCREGIF, &req);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCREGIF)");
		return ret;
	}

	printf("nr_offset 0x%x\n", req.nr_offset);
	printf("nr_memsize  %u\n", req.nr_memsize);
	printf("nr_tx_slots %u\n", req.nr_tx_slots);
	printf("nr_rx_slots %u\n", req.nr_rx_slots);
	printf("nr_tx_rings %u\n", req.nr_tx_rings);
	printf("nr_rx_rings %u\n", req.nr_rx_rings);
	printf("nr_version  %d\n", req.nr_version);
	printf("nr_ringid   %x\n", req.nr_ringid);
	printf("nr_flags    %x\n", req.nr_flags);
	printf("nr_arg2     %u\n", req.nr_arg2);
	printf("nr_arg3     %u\n", req.nr_arg3);

	success = req.nr_memsize &&
	       (ctx->nr_ringid == req.nr_ringid) &&
	       ((ctx->nr_mode | ctx->nr_flags) == req.nr_flags) &&
	       ((!ctx->nr_tx_slots && req.nr_tx_slots) ||
		(ctx->nr_tx_slots == req.nr_tx_slots)) &&
	       ((!ctx->nr_rx_slots && req.nr_rx_slots) ||
		(ctx->nr_rx_slots == req.nr_rx_slots)) &&
	       ((!ctx->nr_tx_rings && req.nr_tx_rings) ||
		(ctx->nr_tx_rings == req.nr_tx_rings)) &&
	       ((!ctx->nr_rx_rings && req.nr_rx_rings) ||
		(ctx->nr_rx_rings == req.nr_rx_rings)) &&
	       ((!ctx->nr_mem_id && req.nr_arg2) ||
		(ctx->nr_mem_id == req.nr_arg2)) &&
	       (ctx->nr_extra_bufs == req.nr_arg3);
	if (!success) {
		return -1;
	}

	/* Write back results to the context structure.*/
	ctx->nr_tx_slots   = req.nr_tx_slots;
	ctx->nr_rx_slots   = req.nr_rx_slots;
	ctx->nr_tx_rings   = req.nr_tx_rings;
	ctx->nr_rx_rings   = req.nr_rx_rings;
	ctx->nr_mem_id     = req.nr_arg2;
	ctx->nr_extra_bufs = req.nr_arg3;

	return ret;
}

/* The 11 ABI is the one right before the introduction of the new NIOCCTRL
 * ABI. The 11 ABI is useful to perform tests with legacy applications
 * (which use the 11 ABI) and new kernel (which uses 12, or higher).
 * However, version 14 introduced a change in the layout of struct netmap_if,
 * so that binary backward compatibility to 11 is not supported anymore.
 */
#define NETMAP_API_NIOCREGIF	14

static int
legacy_regif_default(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	return niocregif(ctx, NETMAP_API_NIOCREGIF);
}

static int
legacy_regif_all_nic(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;
	return niocregif(ctx, NETMAP_API);
}

static int
legacy_regif_12(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;
	return niocregif(ctx, NETMAP_API_NIOCREGIF+1);
}

static int
legacy_regif_sw(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_SW;
	return niocregif(ctx,  NETMAP_API_NIOCREGIF);
}

static int
legacy_regif_future(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_NIC_SW;
	/* Test forward compatibility for the legacy ABI. This means
	 * using an older kernel (with ABI 12 or higher) and a newer
	 * application (with ABI greater than NETMAP_API). */
	return niocregif(ctx, NETMAP_API+2);
}

static int
legacy_regif_extra_bufs(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;
	ctx->nr_extra_bufs = 20;	/* arbitrary number of extra bufs */
	return niocregif(ctx, NETMAP_API_NIOCREGIF);
}

static int
legacy_regif_extra_bufs_pipe(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	strncat(ctx->ifname_ext, "{pipeexbuf", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;
	ctx->nr_extra_bufs = 58;	/* arbitrary number of extra bufs */

	return niocregif(ctx, NETMAP_API_NIOCREGIF);
}

static int
legacy_regif_extra_bufs_pipe_vale(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	strncpy(ctx->ifname_ext, "valeX1:Y4", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));
	return legacy_regif_extra_bufs_pipe(ctx);
}

/* Only valid after a successful port_register(). */
static int
num_registered_rings(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	if (ctx->nr_flags & NR_TX_RINGS_ONLY) {
		return ctx->nr_tx_rings;
	}
	if (ctx->nr_flags & NR_RX_RINGS_ONLY) {
		return ctx->nr_rx_rings;
	}

	return ctx->nr_tx_rings + ctx->nr_rx_rings;
}

static int
port_register_hwall_host(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_NIC_SW;
	return port_register(ctx);
}

static int
port_register_hostall(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_SW;
	return port_register(ctx);
}

static int
port_register_hwall(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;
	return port_register(ctx);
}

static int
port_register_single_hw_pair(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode   = NR_REG_ONE_NIC;
	ctx->nr_ringid = 0;
	return port_register(ctx);
}

static int
port_register_single_host_pair(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode   = NR_REG_ONE_SW;
	ctx->nr_host_tx_rings = 2;
	ctx->nr_host_rx_rings = 2;
	ctx->nr_ringid = 1;
	return port_register(ctx);
}

static int
port_register_hostall_many(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode   = NR_REG_SW;
	ctx->nr_host_tx_rings = 5;
	ctx->nr_host_rx_rings = 4;
	return port_register(ctx);
}

static int
port_register_hwall_tx(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;
	ctx->nr_flags |= NR_TX_RINGS_ONLY;
	return port_register(ctx);
}

static int
port_register_hwall_rx(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;
	ctx->nr_flags |= NR_RX_RINGS_ONLY;
	return port_register(ctx);
}


static int
vale_mkname(char *vpname, struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	if (snprintf(vpname, NM_IFNAMSZ, "%s:%s", ctx->bdgname, ctx->ifname_ext) >= NM_IFNAMSZ) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%s too long (max %d chars)\n", ctx->bdgname, ctx->ifname_ext,
				NM_IFNAMSZ - 1);
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}


/* NETMAP_REQ_VALE_ATTACH */
static int
vale_attach(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_vale_attach req;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	char vpname[NM_IFNAMSZ];
	int ret;

	if (vale_mkname(vpname, ctx) < 0)
		return -1;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_VALE_ATTACH on '%s'\n", vpname);
	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, vpname);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_VALE_ATTACH;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	req.reg.nr_mem_id = ctx->nr_mem_id;
	if (ctx->nr_mode == 0) {
		ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC; /* default */
	}
	req.reg.nr_mode = ctx->nr_mode;
	ret             = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, VALE_ATTACH)");
		return ret;
	}
	printf("nr_mem_id %u\n", req.reg.nr_mem_id);

	return ((!ctx->nr_mem_id && req.reg.nr_mem_id > 1) ||
	        (ctx->nr_mem_id == req.reg.nr_mem_id)) &&
	                       (ctx->nr_flags == req.reg.nr_flags)
	               ? 0
	               : -1;
}

/* NETMAP_REQ_VALE_DETACH */
static int
vale_detach(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	struct nmreq_vale_detach req;
	char vpname[NM_IFNAMSZ];
	int ret;

	if (vale_mkname(vpname, ctx) < 0)
		return -1;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_VALE_DETACH on '%s'\n", vpname);
	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, vpname);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_VALE_DETACH;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	ret            = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, VALE_DETACH)");
		return ret;
	}

	return 0;
}

/* First NETMAP_REQ_VALE_ATTACH, then NETMAP_REQ_VALE_DETACH. */
static int
vale_attach_detach(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret;

	if ((ret = vale_attach(ctx)) != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	return vale_detach(ctx);
}

static int
vale_attach_detach_host_rings(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_NIC_SW;
	return vale_attach_detach(ctx);
}

/* First NETMAP_REQ_PORT_HDR_SET and the NETMAP_REQ_PORT_HDR_GET
 * to check that we get the same value. */
static int
port_hdr_set_and_get(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_port_hdr req;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	int ret;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_PORT_HDR_SET on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_PORT_HDR_SET;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	req.nr_hdr_len = ctx->nr_hdr_len;
	ret            = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, PORT_HDR_SET)");
		return ret;
	}

	if (req.nr_hdr_len != ctx->nr_hdr_len) {
		return -1;
	}

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_PORT_HDR_GET on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_PORT_HDR_GET;
	req.nr_hdr_len = 0;
	ret            = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, PORT_HDR_SET)");
		return ret;
	}
	printf("nr_hdr_len %u\n", req.nr_hdr_len);

	return (req.nr_hdr_len == ctx->nr_hdr_len) ? 0 : -1;
}

/*
 * Possible lengths for the VirtIO network header, as specified by
 * the standard:
 *    http://docs.oasis-open.org/virtio/virtio/v1.0/cs04/virtio-v1.0-cs04.html
 */
#define VIRTIO_NET_HDR_LEN				10
#define VIRTIO_NET_HDR_LEN_WITH_MERGEABLE_RXBUFS	12

static int
vale_ephemeral_port_hdr_manipulation(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret;

	strncpy(ctx->ifname_ext, "vale:eph0", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;
	if ((ret = port_register(ctx))) {
		return ret;
	}
	/* Try to set and get all the acceptable values. */
	ctx->nr_hdr_len = VIRTIO_NET_HDR_LEN_WITH_MERGEABLE_RXBUFS;
	if ((ret = port_hdr_set_and_get(ctx))) {
		return ret;
	}
	ctx->nr_hdr_len = 0;
	if ((ret = port_hdr_set_and_get(ctx))) {
		return ret;
	}
	ctx->nr_hdr_len = VIRTIO_NET_HDR_LEN;
	if ((ret = port_hdr_set_and_get(ctx))) {
		return ret;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int
vale_persistent_port(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_vale_newif req;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	int result;
	int ret;

	strncpy(ctx->ifname_ext, "per4", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_VALE_NEWIF on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_VALE_NEWIF;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	req.nr_mem_id   = ctx->nr_mem_id;
	req.nr_tx_slots = ctx->nr_tx_slots;
	req.nr_rx_slots = ctx->nr_rx_slots;
	req.nr_tx_rings = ctx->nr_tx_rings;
	req.nr_rx_rings = ctx->nr_rx_rings;
	ret             = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, VALE_NEWIF)");
		return ret;
	}

	/* Attach the persistent VALE port to a switch and then detach. */
	result = vale_attach_detach(ctx);

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_VALE_DELIF on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_VALE_DELIF;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)NULL;
	ret            = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, VALE_NEWIF)");
		if (result == 0) {
			result = ret;
		}
	}

	return result;
}

/* Single NETMAP_REQ_POOLS_INFO_GET. */
static int
pools_info_get(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_pools_info req;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	int ret;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_POOLS_INFO_GET on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_POOLS_INFO_GET;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	req.nr_mem_id = ctx->nr_mem_id;
	ret           = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, POOLS_INFO_GET)");
		return ret;
	}
	printf("nr_memsize %llu\n", (unsigned long long)req.nr_memsize);
	printf("nr_mem_id %u\n", req.nr_mem_id);
	printf("nr_if_pool_offset 0x%llx\n",
		(unsigned long long)req.nr_if_pool_offset);
	printf("nr_if_pool_objtotal %u\n", req.nr_if_pool_objtotal);
	printf("nr_if_pool_objsize %u\n", req.nr_if_pool_objsize);
	printf("nr_ring_pool_offset 0x%llx\n",
		(unsigned long long)req.nr_if_pool_offset);
	printf("nr_ring_pool_objtotal %u\n", req.nr_ring_pool_objtotal);
	printf("nr_ring_pool_objsize %u\n", req.nr_ring_pool_objsize);
	printf("nr_buf_pool_offset 0x%llx\n",
		(unsigned long long)req.nr_buf_pool_offset);
	printf("nr_buf_pool_objtotal %u\n", req.nr_buf_pool_objtotal);
	printf("nr_buf_pool_objsize %u\n", req.nr_buf_pool_objsize);

	return req.nr_memsize && req.nr_if_pool_objtotal &&
	                       req.nr_if_pool_objsize &&
	                       req.nr_ring_pool_objtotal &&
	                       req.nr_ring_pool_objsize &&
	                       req.nr_buf_pool_objtotal &&
	                       req.nr_buf_pool_objsize
	               ? 0
	               : -1;
}

static int
pools_info_get_and_register(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret;

	/* Check that we can get pools info before we register
	 * a netmap interface. */
	ret = pools_info_get(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ONE_NIC;
	ret          = port_register(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	ctx->nr_mem_id = 1;

	/* Check that we can get pools info also after we register. */
	return pools_info_get(ctx);
}

static int
pools_info_get_empty_ifname(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	strncpy(ctx->ifname_ext, "", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));
	return pools_info_get(ctx) != 0 ? 0 : -1;
}

static int
pipe_master(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	strncat(ctx->ifname_ext, "{pipeid1", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_NIC_SW;

	if (port_register(ctx) == 0) {
		printf("pipes should not accept NR_REG_NIC_SW\n");
		return -1;
	}
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;

	return port_register(ctx);
}

static int
pipe_slave(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	strncat(ctx->ifname_ext, "}pipeid2", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_ALL_NIC;

	return port_register(ctx);
}

/* Test PORT_INFO_GET and POOLS_INFO_GET on a pipe. This is useful to test the
 * registration request used internally by netmap. */
static int
pipe_port_info_get(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	strncat(ctx->ifname_ext, "}pipeid3", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));

	return port_info_get(ctx);
}

static int
pipe_pools_info_get(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	strncat(ctx->ifname_ext, "{xid", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));

	return pools_info_get(ctx);
}

/* NETMAP_REQ_VALE_POLLING_ENABLE */
static int
vale_polling_enable(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_vale_polling req;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	char vpname[NM_IFNAMSZ];
	int ret;

	if (vale_mkname(vpname, ctx) < 0)
		return -1;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_VALE_POLLING_ENABLE on '%s'\n", vpname);

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, vpname);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_VALE_POLLING_ENABLE;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	req.nr_mode             = ctx->nr_mode;
	req.nr_first_cpu_id     = ctx->nr_first_cpu_id;
	req.nr_num_polling_cpus = ctx->nr_num_polling_cpus;
	ret                     = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, VALE_POLLING_ENABLE)");
		return ret;
	}

	return (req.nr_mode == ctx->nr_mode &&
	        req.nr_first_cpu_id == ctx->nr_first_cpu_id &&
	        req.nr_num_polling_cpus == ctx->nr_num_polling_cpus)
	               ? 0
	               : -1;
}

/* NETMAP_REQ_VALE_POLLING_DISABLE */
static int
vale_polling_disable(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_vale_polling req;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	char vpname[NM_IFNAMSZ];
	int ret;

	if (vale_mkname(vpname, ctx) < 0)
		return -1;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_VALE_POLLING_DISABLE on '%s'\n", vpname);

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, vpname);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_VALE_POLLING_DISABLE;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	ret = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, VALE_POLLING_DISABLE)");
		return ret;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int
vale_polling_enable_disable(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret = 0;

	if ((ret = vale_attach(ctx)) != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	ctx->nr_mode             = NETMAP_POLLING_MODE_SINGLE_CPU;
	ctx->nr_num_polling_cpus = 1;
	ctx->nr_first_cpu_id     = 0;
	if ((ret = vale_polling_enable(ctx))) {
		vale_detach(ctx);
#ifdef __FreeBSD__
		/* NETMAP_REQ_VALE_POLLING_DISABLE is disabled on FreeBSD,
		 * because it is currently broken. We are happy to see that
		 * it fails. */
		return 0;
#else
		return ret;
#endif
	}

	if ((ret = vale_polling_disable(ctx))) {
		vale_detach(ctx);
		return ret;
	}

	return vale_detach(ctx);
}

static void
push_option(struct nmreq_option *opt, struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	opt->nro_next = (uintptr_t)ctx->nr_opt;
	ctx->nr_opt   = opt;
}

static void
clear_options(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	ctx->nr_opt = NULL;
}

static int
checkoption(struct nmreq_option *opt, struct nmreq_option *exp)
{
	if (opt->nro_next != exp->nro_next) {
		printf("nro_next %p expected %p\n",
		       (void *)(uintptr_t)opt->nro_next,
		       (void *)(uintptr_t)exp->nro_next);
		return -1;
	}
	if (opt->nro_reqtype != exp->nro_reqtype) {
		printf("nro_reqtype %u expected %u\n", opt->nro_reqtype,
		       exp->nro_reqtype);
		return -1;
	}
	if (opt->nro_status != exp->nro_status) {
		printf("nro_status %u expected %u\n", opt->nro_status,
		       exp->nro_status);
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int
unsupported_option(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_option opt, save;

	printf("Testing unsupported option on %s\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
	opt.nro_reqtype = 1234;
	push_option(&opt, ctx);
	save = opt;

	if (port_register_hwall(ctx) >= 0)
		return -1;

	clear_options(ctx);
	save.nro_status = EOPNOTSUPP;
	return checkoption(&opt, &save);
}

static int
infinite_options(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_option opt;

	printf("Testing infinite list of options on %s\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	opt.nro_reqtype = 1234;
	push_option(&opt, ctx);
	opt.nro_next = (uintptr_t)&opt;
	if (port_register_hwall(ctx) >= 0)
		return -1;
	clear_options(ctx);
	return (errno == EMSGSIZE ? 0 : -1);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NETMAP_EXTMEM
int
change_param(const char *pname, unsigned long newv, unsigned long *poldv)
{
#ifdef __linux__
	char param[256] = "/sys/module/netmap/parameters/";
	unsigned long oldv;
	FILE *f;

	strncat(param, pname, sizeof(param) - 1);

	f = fopen(param, "r+");
	if (f == NULL) {
		perror(param);
		return -1;
	}
	if (fscanf(f, "%ld", &oldv) != 1) {
		perror(param);
		fclose(f);
		return -1;
	}
	if (poldv)
		*poldv = oldv;
	rewind(f);
	if (fprintf(f, "%ld\n", newv) < 0) {
		perror(param);
		fclose(f);
		return -1;
	}
	fclose(f);
	printf("change_param: %s: %ld -> %ld\n", pname, oldv, newv);
#endif /* __linux__ */
	return 0;
}

static int
push_extmem_option(struct TestContext *ctx, const struct nmreq_pools_info *pi,
		struct nmreq_opt_extmem *e)
{
	void *addr;

	addr = mmap(NULL, pi->nr_memsize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
	            MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_SHARED, -1, 0);
	if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
		perror("mmap");
		return -1;
	}

	memset(e, 0, sizeof(*e));
	e->nro_opt.nro_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_OPT_EXTMEM;
	e->nro_info = *pi;
	e->nro_usrptr          = (uintptr_t)addr;

	push_option(&e->nro_opt, ctx);

	return 0;
}

static int
pop_extmem_option(struct TestContext *ctx, struct nmreq_opt_extmem *exp)
{
	struct nmreq_opt_extmem *e;
	int ret;

	e           = (struct nmreq_opt_extmem *)(uintptr_t)ctx->nr_opt;
	ctx->nr_opt = (struct nmreq_option *)(uintptr_t)ctx->nr_opt->nro_next;

	if ((ret = checkoption(&e->nro_opt, &exp->nro_opt))) {
		return ret;
	}

	if (e->nro_usrptr != exp->nro_usrptr) {
		printf("usrptr %" PRIu64 " expected %" PRIu64 "\n",
		       e->nro_usrptr, exp->nro_usrptr);
		return -1;
	}
	if (e->nro_info.nr_memsize != exp->nro_info.nr_memsize) {
		printf("memsize %" PRIu64 " expected %" PRIu64 "\n",
		       e->nro_info.nr_memsize, exp->nro_info.nr_memsize);
		return -1;
	}

	if ((ret = munmap((void *)(uintptr_t)e->nro_usrptr,
	                  e->nro_info.nr_memsize)))
		return ret;

	return 0;
}

static int
_extmem_option(struct TestContext *ctx,
		const struct nmreq_pools_info *pi)
{
	struct nmreq_opt_extmem e, save;
	int ret;

	if ((ret = push_extmem_option(ctx, pi, &e)) < 0)
		return ret;

	save = e;

	strncpy(ctx->ifname_ext, "vale0:0", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));
	ctx->nr_tx_slots = 16;
	ctx->nr_rx_slots = 16;

	if ((ret = port_register_hwall(ctx)))
		return ret;

	ret = pop_extmem_option(ctx, &save);

	return ret;
}

static size_t
pools_info_min_memsize(const struct nmreq_pools_info *pi)
{
	size_t tot = 0;

	tot += pi->nr_if_pool_objtotal * pi->nr_if_pool_objsize;
	tot += pi->nr_ring_pool_objtotal * pi->nr_ring_pool_objsize;
	tot += pi->nr_buf_pool_objtotal * pi->nr_buf_pool_objsize;

	return tot;
}

/*
 * Fill the specification of a netmap memory allocator to be
 * used with the 'struct nmreq_opt_extmem' option. Arbitrary
 * values are used for the parameters, but with enough netmap
 * rings, netmap ifs, and buffers to support a VALE port.
 */
static void
pools_info_fill(struct nmreq_pools_info *pi)
{
	pi->nr_if_pool_objtotal = 2;
	pi->nr_if_pool_objsize = 1024;
	pi->nr_ring_pool_objtotal = 64;
	pi->nr_ring_pool_objsize = 512;
	pi->nr_buf_pool_objtotal = 4096;
	pi->nr_buf_pool_objsize = 2048;
	pi->nr_memsize = pools_info_min_memsize(pi);
}

static int
extmem_option(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_pools_info	pools_info;

	pools_info_fill(&pools_info);

	printf("Testing extmem option on vale0:0\n");
	return _extmem_option(ctx, &pools_info);
}

static int
bad_extmem_option(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_pools_info	pools_info;

	printf("Testing bad extmem option on vale0:0\n");

	pools_info_fill(&pools_info);
	/* Request a large ring size, to make sure that the kernel
	 * rejects our request. */
	pools_info.nr_ring_pool_objsize = (1 << 20);

	return _extmem_option(ctx, &pools_info) < 0 ? 0 : -1;
}

static int
duplicate_extmem_options(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_opt_extmem e1, save1, e2, save2;
	struct nmreq_pools_info	pools_info;
	int ret;

	printf("Testing duplicate extmem option on vale0:0\n");

	pools_info_fill(&pools_info);

	if ((ret = push_extmem_option(ctx, &pools_info, &e1)) < 0)
		return ret;

	if ((ret = push_extmem_option(ctx, &pools_info, &e2)) < 0) {
		clear_options(ctx);
		return ret;
	}

	save1 = e1;
	save2 = e2;

	strncpy(ctx->ifname_ext, "vale0:0", sizeof(ctx->ifname_ext));
	ctx->nr_tx_slots = 16;
	ctx->nr_rx_slots = 16;

	ret = port_register_hwall(ctx);
	if (ret >= 0) {
		printf("duplicate option not detected\n");
		return -1;
	}

	save2.nro_opt.nro_status = EINVAL;
	if ((ret = pop_extmem_option(ctx, &save2)))
		return ret;

	save1.nro_opt.nro_status = EINVAL;
	if ((ret = pop_extmem_option(ctx, &save1)))
		return ret;

	return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_NETMAP_EXTMEM */

static int
push_csb_option(struct TestContext *ctx, struct nmreq_opt_csb *opt)
{
	size_t csb_size;
	int num_entries;
	int ret;

	ctx->nr_flags |= NR_EXCLUSIVE;

	/* Get port info in order to use num_registered_rings(). */
	ret = port_info_get(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	num_entries = num_registered_rings(ctx);

	csb_size = (sizeof(struct nm_csb_atok) + sizeof(struct nm_csb_ktoa)) *
	           num_entries;
	assert(csb_size > 0);
	if (ctx->csb) {
		free(ctx->csb);
	}
	ret = posix_memalign(&ctx->csb, sizeof(struct nm_csb_atok), csb_size);
	if (ret != 0) {
		printf("Failed to allocate CSB memory\n");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	memset(opt, 0, sizeof(*opt));
	opt->nro_opt.nro_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_OPT_CSB;
	opt->csb_atok            = (uintptr_t)ctx->csb;
	opt->csb_ktoa            = (uintptr_t)(((uint8_t *)ctx->csb) +
                                    sizeof(struct nm_csb_atok) * num_entries);

	printf("Pushing option NETMAP_REQ_OPT_CSB\n");
	push_option(&opt->nro_opt, ctx);

	return 0;
}

static int
csb_mode(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_opt_csb opt;
	int ret;

	ret = push_csb_option(ctx, &opt);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	ret = port_register_hwall(ctx);
	clear_options(ctx);

	return ret;
}

static int
csb_mode_invalid_memory(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_opt_csb opt;
	int ret;

	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
	opt.nro_opt.nro_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_OPT_CSB;
	opt.csb_atok            = (uintptr_t)0x10;
	opt.csb_ktoa            = (uintptr_t)0x800;
	push_option(&opt.nro_opt, ctx);

	ctx->nr_flags = NR_EXCLUSIVE;
	ret           = port_register_hwall(ctx);
	clear_options(ctx);

	return (ret < 0) ? 0 : -1;
}

static int
sync_kloop_stop(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	int ret;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_SYNC_KLOOP_STOP on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_SYNC_KLOOP_STOP;
	ret            = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, SYNC_KLOOP_STOP)");
	}

	return ret;
}

static void *
sync_kloop_worker(void *opaque)
{
	struct TestContext *ctx = opaque;
	struct nmreq_sync_kloop_start req;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	int ret;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_SYNC_KLOOP_START on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_SYNC_KLOOP_START;
	hdr.nr_body    = (uintptr_t)&req;
	hdr.nr_options = (uintptr_t)ctx->nr_opt;
	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
	req.sleep_us = 500;
	ret          = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, SYNC_KLOOP_START)");
	}

	if (ctx->sem) {
		sem_post(ctx->sem);
	}

	pthread_exit(ret ? (void *)THRET_FAILURE : (void *)THRET_SUCCESS);
}

static int
sync_kloop_start_stop(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	pthread_t th;
	void *thret = THRET_FAILURE;
	int ret;

	ret = pthread_create(&th, NULL, sync_kloop_worker, ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		printf("pthread_create(kloop): %s\n", strerror(ret));
		return -1;
	}

	ret = sync_kloop_stop(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	ret = pthread_join(th, &thret);
	if (ret != 0) {
		printf("pthread_join(kloop): %s\n", strerror(ret));
	}

	return thret == THRET_SUCCESS ? 0 : -1;
}

static int
sync_kloop(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret;

	ret = csb_mode(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	return sync_kloop_start_stop(ctx);
}

static int
sync_kloop_eventfds(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_opt_sync_kloop_eventfds *evopt = NULL;
	struct nmreq_opt_sync_kloop_mode modeopt;
	struct nmreq_option evsave;
	int num_entries;
	size_t opt_size;
	int ret, i;

	memset(&modeopt, 0, sizeof(modeopt));
	modeopt.nro_opt.nro_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_OPT_SYNC_KLOOP_MODE;
	modeopt.mode = ctx->sync_kloop_mode;
	push_option(&modeopt.nro_opt, ctx);

	num_entries = num_registered_rings(ctx);
	opt_size    = sizeof(*evopt) + num_entries * sizeof(evopt->eventfds[0]);
	evopt = calloc(1, opt_size);
	evopt->nro_opt.nro_next    = 0;
	evopt->nro_opt.nro_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_OPT_SYNC_KLOOP_EVENTFDS;
	evopt->nro_opt.nro_status  = 0;
	evopt->nro_opt.nro_size    = opt_size;
	for (i = 0; i < num_entries; i++) {
		int efd = eventfd(0, 0);

		evopt->eventfds[i].ioeventfd = efd;
		efd                        = eventfd(0, 0);
		evopt->eventfds[i].irqfd = efd;
	}

	push_option(&evopt->nro_opt, ctx);
	evsave = evopt->nro_opt;

	ret = sync_kloop_start_stop(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		free(evopt);
		clear_options(ctx);
		return ret;
	}
#ifdef __linux__
	evsave.nro_status = 0;
#else  /* !__linux__ */
	evsave.nro_status = EOPNOTSUPP;
#endif /* !__linux__ */

	ret = checkoption(&evopt->nro_opt, &evsave);
	free(evopt);
	clear_options(ctx);

	return ret;
}

static int
sync_kloop_eventfds_all_mode(struct TestContext *ctx,
			     uint32_t sync_kloop_mode)
{
	int ret;

	ret = csb_mode(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	ctx->sync_kloop_mode = sync_kloop_mode;

	return sync_kloop_eventfds(ctx);
}

static int
sync_kloop_eventfds_all(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	return sync_kloop_eventfds_all_mode(ctx, 0);
}

static int
sync_kloop_eventfds_all_tx(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_opt_csb opt;
	int ret;

	ret = push_csb_option(ctx, &opt);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	ret = port_register_hwall_tx(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	clear_options(ctx);

	return sync_kloop_eventfds(ctx);
}

static int
sync_kloop_eventfds_all_direct(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	return sync_kloop_eventfds_all_mode(ctx,
	    NM_OPT_SYNC_KLOOP_DIRECT_TX | NM_OPT_SYNC_KLOOP_DIRECT_RX);
}

static int
sync_kloop_eventfds_all_direct_tx(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	return sync_kloop_eventfds_all_mode(ctx,
	    NM_OPT_SYNC_KLOOP_DIRECT_TX);
}

static int
sync_kloop_eventfds_all_direct_rx(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	return sync_kloop_eventfds_all_mode(ctx,
	    NM_OPT_SYNC_KLOOP_DIRECT_RX);
}

static int
sync_kloop_nocsb(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret;

	ret = port_register_hwall(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	/* Sync kloop must fail because we did not use
	 * NETMAP_REQ_CSB_ENABLE. */
	return sync_kloop_start_stop(ctx) != 0 ? 0 : -1;
}

static int
csb_enable(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_option saveopt;
	struct nmreq_opt_csb opt;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	int ret;

	ret = push_csb_option(ctx, &opt);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	saveopt = opt.nro_opt;
	saveopt.nro_status = 0;

	nmreq_hdr_init(&hdr, ctx->ifname_ext);
	hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_CSB_ENABLE;
	hdr.nr_options = (uintptr_t)ctx->nr_opt;
	hdr.nr_body = (uintptr_t)NULL;

	printf("Testing NETMAP_REQ_CSB_ENABLE on '%s'\n", ctx->ifname_ext);

	ret           = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
	if (ret != 0) {
		perror("ioctl(/dev/netmap, NIOCCTRL, CSB_ENABLE)");
		return ret;
	}

	ret = checkoption(&opt.nro_opt, &saveopt);
	clear_options(ctx);

	return ret;
}

static int
sync_kloop_csb_enable(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret;

	ctx->nr_flags |= NR_EXCLUSIVE;
	ret = port_register_hwall(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	ret = csb_enable(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	return sync_kloop_start_stop(ctx);
}

static int
sync_kloop_conflict(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_opt_csb opt;
	pthread_t th1, th2;
	void *thret1 = THRET_FAILURE, *thret2 = THRET_FAILURE;
	struct timespec to;
	sem_t sem;
	int err = 0;
	int ret;

	ret = push_csb_option(ctx, &opt);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	ret = port_register_hwall(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	clear_options(ctx);

	ret = sem_init(&sem, 0, 0);
	if (ret != 0) {
		printf("sem_init() failed: %s\n", strerror(ret));
		return ret;
	}
	ctx->sem = &sem;

	ret = pthread_create(&th1, NULL, sync_kloop_worker, ctx);
	err |= ret;
	if (ret != 0) {
		printf("pthread_create(kloop1): %s\n", strerror(ret));
	}

	ret = pthread_create(&th2, NULL, sync_kloop_worker, ctx);
	err |= ret;
	if (ret != 0) {
		printf("pthread_create(kloop2): %s\n", strerror(ret));
	}

	/* Wait for one of the two threads to fail to start the kloop, to
	 * avoid a race condition where th1 starts the loop and stops,
	 * and after that th2 starts the loop successfully. */
	clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &to);
	to.tv_sec += 2;
	ret = sem_timedwait(&sem, &to);
	err |= ret;
	if (ret != 0) {
		printf("sem_timedwait() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
	}

	err |= sync_kloop_stop(ctx);

	ret = pthread_join(th1, &thret1);
	err |= ret;
	if (ret != 0) {
		printf("pthread_join(kloop1): %s\n", strerror(ret));
	}

	ret = pthread_join(th2, &thret2);
	err |= ret;
	if (ret != 0) {
		printf("pthread_join(kloop2): %s %d\n", strerror(ret), ret);
	}

	sem_destroy(&sem);
	ctx->sem = NULL;
	if (err) {
		return err;
	}

	/* Check that one of the two failed, while the other one succeeded. */
	return ((thret1 == THRET_SUCCESS && thret2 == THRET_FAILURE) ||
			(thret1 == THRET_FAILURE && thret2 == THRET_SUCCESS))
	               ? 0
	               : -1;
}

static int
sync_kloop_eventfds_mismatch(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_opt_csb opt;
	int ret;

	ret = push_csb_option(ctx, &opt);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}

	ret = port_register_hwall_rx(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	clear_options(ctx);

	/* Deceive num_registered_rings() to trigger a failure of
	 * sync_kloop_eventfds(). The latter will think that all the
	 * rings were registered, and allocate the wrong number of
	 * eventfds. */
	ctx->nr_flags &= ~NR_RX_RINGS_ONLY;

	return (sync_kloop_eventfds(ctx) != 0) ? 0 : -1;
}

static int
null_port(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret;

	ctx->nr_mem_id = 1;
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_NULL;
	ctx->nr_tx_rings = 10;
	ctx->nr_rx_rings = 5;
	ctx->nr_tx_slots = 256;
	ctx->nr_rx_slots = 100;
	ret = port_register(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int
null_port_all_zero(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret;

	ctx->nr_mem_id = 1;
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_NULL;
	ctx->nr_tx_rings = 0;
	ctx->nr_rx_rings = 0;
	ctx->nr_tx_slots = 0;
	ctx->nr_rx_slots = 0;
	ret = port_register(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int
null_port_sync(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	int ret;

	ctx->nr_mem_id = 1;
	ctx->nr_mode = NR_REG_NULL;
	ctx->nr_tx_rings = 10;
	ctx->nr_rx_rings = 5;
	ctx->nr_tx_slots = 256;
	ctx->nr_rx_slots = 100;
	ret = port_register(ctx);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	ret = ioctl(ctx->fd, NIOCTXSYNC, 0);
	if (ret != 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	return 0;
}

struct nmreq_parse_test {
	const char *ifname;
	const char *exp_port;
	const char *exp_suff;
	int exp_error;
	uint32_t exp_mode;
	uint16_t exp_ringid;
	uint64_t exp_flags;
};

static struct nmreq_parse_test nmreq_parse_tests[] = {
	/* port spec is the input. The expected results are as follows:
	 * - port: what should go into hdr.nr_name
	 * - suff: the trailing part of the input after parsing (NULL means equal to port spec)
	 * - err: the expected return value, interpreted as follows
	 *       err > 0 => nmreq_header_parse should fail with the given error
	 *       err < 0 => nrmeq_header_parse should succeed, but nmreq_register_decode should
	 *       		   fail with error |err|
	 *       err = 0 => should succeed
	 * - mode, ringid flags: what should go into the corresponding nr_* fields in the
	 *   	nmreq_register struct in case of success
	 */

	/*port spec*/			/*port*/	/*suff*/    /*err*/	/*mode*/    /*ringid*/ /*flags*/
	{ "netmap:eth0",		"eth0",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_ALL_NIC,	0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:eth0-1",		"eth0",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_ONE_NIC, 1,	0 },
	{ "netmap:eth0-",		"eth0",		"-",		-EINVAL,0,		0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:eth0/x",		"eth0",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	NR_EXCLUSIVE },
	{ "netmap:eth0/z",		"eth0",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	NR_ZCOPY_MON },
	{ "netmap:eth0/r",		"eth0",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	NR_MONITOR_RX },
	{ "netmap:eth0/t",		"eth0",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	NR_MONITOR_TX },
	{ "netmap:eth0-2/Tx",		"eth0",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_ONE_NIC, 2,	NR_TX_RINGS_ONLY|NR_EXCLUSIVE },
	{ "netmap:eth0*",		"eth0",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_NIC_SW,  0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:eth0^",		"eth0",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_SW,	0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:eth0@2",		"eth0",	        "",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:eth0@2/R",		"eth0",	        "",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	NR_RX_RINGS_ONLY },
	{ "netmap:eth0@netmap:lo/R",	"eth0",	        "@netmap:lo/R",	0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC,	0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:eth0/R@xxx",		"eth0",	        "@xxx",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC,	0,	NR_RX_RINGS_ONLY },
	{ "netmap:eth0@2/R@2",		"eth0",	        "",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	NR_RX_RINGS_ONLY },
	{ "netmap:eth0@2/R@3",		"eth0",	        "@2/R@3",	-EINVAL,0,		0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:eth0@",		"eth0",	        "@",		-EINVAL,0,		0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:",			"",		NULL,		EINVAL, 0,		0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:^",			"",		NULL,		EINVAL,	0,		0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:{",			"",		NULL,		EINVAL,	0,		0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:vale0:0",		NULL,		NULL,		EINVAL,	0,		0,	0 },
	{ "eth0",			NULL,		NULL,		EINVAL, 0,		0,	0 },
	{ "vale0:0",			"vale0:0",	"",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	0 },
	{ "vale:0",			"vale:0",	"",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	0 },
	{ "valeXXX:YYY",		"valeXXX:YYY",	"",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	0 },
	{ "valeXXX:YYY-4",		"valeXXX:YYY",	"",		0,	NR_REG_ONE_NIC, 4,	0 },
	{ "netmapXXX:eth0",		NULL,		NULL,		EINVAL,	0,		0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:14",			"14",		"",		0, 	NR_REG_ALL_NIC,	0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:eth0&",		NULL,		NULL,		EINVAL, 0,		0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:pipe{0",		"pipe{0",	"",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:pipe{in",		"pipe{in",	"",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:pipe{in-7",		"pipe{in",	"",		0,	NR_REG_ONE_NIC, 7,	0 },
	{ "vale0:0{0",			"vale0:0{0",	"",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	0 },
	{ "netmap:pipe{1}2",		NULL,		NULL,		EINVAL, 0,		0,	0 },
	{ "vale0:0@opt", 		"vale0:0",	"@opt",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	0 },
	{ "vale0:0/Tx@opt", 		"vale0:0",	"@opt",		0,	NR_REG_ALL_NIC, 0,	NR_TX_RINGS_ONLY|NR_EXCLUSIVE },
	{ "vale0:0-3@opt", 		"vale0:0",	"@opt",		0,	NR_REG_ONE_NIC, 3,	0 },
	{ "vale0:0@", 			"vale0:0",	"@",		-EINVAL,0,	        0,	0 },
	{ "",				NULL,		NULL,		EINVAL, 0,		0,	0 },
	{ NULL,				NULL,		NULL,		0, 	0,		0,	0 },
};

static void
randomize(void *dst, size_t n)
{
	size_t i;
	char *dst_ = dst;

	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
		dst_[i] = (char)random();
}

static int
nmreq_hdr_parsing(struct TestContext *ctx,
		struct nmreq_parse_test *t,
		struct nmreq_header *hdr)
{
	const char *save;
	struct nmreq_header orig_hdr;

	save = ctx->ifparse = t->ifname;
	orig_hdr = *hdr;

	printf("nmreq_header: \"%s\"\n", ctx->ifparse);
	if (nmreq_header_decode(&ctx->ifparse, hdr, ctx->nmctx) < 0) {
		if (t->exp_error > 0) {
			if (errno != t->exp_error) {
				printf("!!! got errno=%d, want %d\n",
						errno, t->exp_error);
				return -1;
			}
			if (ctx->ifparse != save) {
				printf("!!! parse error, but first arg changed\n");
				return -1;
			}
			if (memcmp(&orig_hdr, hdr, sizeof(*hdr))) {
				printf("!!! parse error, but header changed\n");
				return -1;
			}
			return 0;
		}
		printf ("!!! nmreq_header_decode was expected to succeed, but it failed with error %d\n", errno);
		return -1;
	}
	if (t->exp_error > 0) {
		printf("!!! nmreq_header_decode returns 0, but error %d was expected\n", t->exp_error);
		return -1;
	}
	if (strcmp(t->exp_port, hdr->nr_name) != 0) {
		printf("!!! got '%s', want '%s'\n", hdr->nr_name, t->exp_port);
		return -1;
	}
	if (hdr->nr_reqtype != orig_hdr.nr_reqtype ||
	    hdr->nr_options != orig_hdr.nr_options ||
	    hdr->nr_body    != orig_hdr.nr_body) {
		printf("!!! some fields of the nmreq_header where changed unexpectedly\n");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int
nmreq_reg_parsing(struct TestContext *ctx,
		struct nmreq_parse_test *t,
		struct nmreq_register *reg)
{
	const char *save;
	struct nmreq_register orig_reg;


	save = ctx->ifparse;
	orig_reg = *reg;

	printf("nmreq_register: \"%s\"\n", ctx->ifparse);
	if (nmreq_register_decode(&ctx->ifparse, reg, ctx->nmctx) < 0) {
		if (t->exp_error < 0) {
			if (errno != -t->exp_error) {
				printf("!!! got errno=%d, want %d\n",
						errno, -t->exp_error);
				return -1;
			}
			if (ctx->ifparse != save) {
				printf("!!! parse error, but first arg changed\n");
				return -1;
			}
			if (memcmp(&orig_reg, reg, sizeof(*reg))) {
				printf("!!! parse error, but nmreq_register changed\n");
				return -1;
			}
			return 0;
		}
		printf ("!!! parse failed but it should have succeeded\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (t->exp_error < 0) {
		printf("!!! nmreq_register_decode returns 0, but error %d was expected\n", -t->exp_error);
		return -1;
	}
	if (reg->nr_mode != t->exp_mode) {
		printf("!!! got nr_mode '%d', want '%d'\n", reg->nr_mode, t->exp_mode);
		return -1;
	}
	if (reg->nr_ringid != t->exp_ringid) {
		printf("!!! got nr_ringid '%d', want '%d'\n", reg->nr_ringid, t->exp_ringid);
		return -1;
	}
	if (reg->nr_flags != t->exp_flags) {
		printf("!!! got nm_flags '%llx', want '%llx\n", (unsigned long long)reg->nr_flags,
				(unsigned long long)t->exp_flags);
		return -1;
	}
	if (reg->nr_offset     != orig_reg.nr_offset     ||
	    reg->nr_memsize    != orig_reg.nr_memsize    ||
	    reg->nr_tx_slots   != orig_reg.nr_tx_slots   ||
	    reg->nr_rx_slots   != orig_reg.nr_rx_slots   ||
	    reg->nr_tx_rings   != orig_reg.nr_tx_rings   ||
	    reg->nr_rx_rings   != orig_reg.nr_rx_rings   ||
	    reg->nr_extra_bufs != orig_reg.nr_extra_bufs)
	{
		printf("!!! some fields of the nmreq_register where changed unexpectedly\n");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static void
nmctx_parsing_error(struct nmctx *ctx, const char *msg)
{
	(void)ctx;
	printf("    got message: %s\n", msg);
}

static int
nmreq_parsing(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	struct nmreq_parse_test *t;
	struct nmreq_header hdr;
	struct nmreq_register reg;
	struct nmctx test_nmctx, *nmctx;
	int ret = 0;

	nmctx = nmctx_get();
	if (nmctx == NULL) {
		printf("Failed to acquire nmctx: %s", strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}
	test_nmctx = *nmctx;
	test_nmctx.error = nmctx_parsing_error;
	ctx->nmctx = &test_nmctx;
	for (t = nmreq_parse_tests; t->ifname != NULL; t++) {
		const char *exp_suff = t->exp_suff != NULL ?
			t->exp_suff : t->ifname;

		randomize(&hdr, sizeof(hdr));
		randomize(&reg, sizeof(reg));
		reg.nr_mem_id = 0;
		if (nmreq_hdr_parsing(ctx, t, &hdr) < 0) {
			ret = -1;
		} else if (t->exp_error <= 0 && nmreq_reg_parsing(ctx, t, &reg) < 0) {
			ret = -1;
		}
		if (strcmp(ctx->ifparse, exp_suff) != 0) {
			printf("!!! string suffix after parse is '%s', but it should be '%s'\n",
					ctx->ifparse, exp_suff);
			ret = -1;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

static int
binarycomp(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
#define ckroff(f, o) do {\
	if (offsetof(struct netmap_ring, f) != (o)) {\
		printf("offset of netmap_ring.%s is %zd, but it should be %d",\
				#f, offsetof(struct netmap_ring, f), (o));\
		return -1;\
	}\
} while (0)

	(void)ctx;

	ckroff(buf_ofs, 0);
	ckroff(num_slots, 8);
	ckroff(nr_buf_size, 12);
	ckroff(ringid, 16);
	ckroff(dir, 18);
	ckroff(head, 20);
	ckroff(cur, 24);
	ckroff(tail, 28);
	ckroff(flags, 32);
	ckroff(ts, 40);
	ckroff(offset_mask, 56);
	ckroff(buf_align, 64);
	ckroff(sem, 128);
	ckroff(slot, 256);

	return 0;
}

static void
usage(const char *prog)
{
	printf("%s -i IFNAME\n"
	       "[-j TEST_NUM1[-[TEST_NUM2]] | -[TEST_NUM_2]]\n"
	       "[-l (list test cases)]\n",
	       prog);
}

struct mytest {
	testfunc_t test;
	const char *name;
};

#define decltest(f)                                                            \
	{                                                                      \
		.test = f, .name = #f                                          \
	}

static struct mytest tests[] = {
	decltest(port_info_get),
	decltest(port_register_hwall_host),
	decltest(port_register_hwall),
	decltest(port_register_hostall),
	decltest(port_register_single_hw_pair),
	decltest(port_register_single_host_pair),
	decltest(port_register_hostall_many),
	decltest(vale_attach_detach),
	decltest(vale_attach_detach_host_rings),
	decltest(vale_ephemeral_port_hdr_manipulation),
	decltest(vale_persistent_port),
	decltest(pools_info_get_and_register),
	decltest(pools_info_get_empty_ifname),
	decltest(pipe_master),
	decltest(pipe_slave),
	decltest(pipe_port_info_get),
	decltest(pipe_pools_info_get),
	decltest(vale_polling_enable_disable),
	decltest(unsupported_option),
	decltest(infinite_options),
#ifdef CONFIG_NETMAP_EXTMEM
	decltest(extmem_option),
	decltest(bad_extmem_option),
	decltest(duplicate_extmem_options),
#endif /* CONFIG_NETMAP_EXTMEM */
	decltest(csb_mode),
	decltest(csb_mode_invalid_memory),
	decltest(sync_kloop),
	decltest(sync_kloop_eventfds_all),
	decltest(sync_kloop_eventfds_all_tx),
	decltest(sync_kloop_eventfds_all_direct),
	decltest(sync_kloop_eventfds_all_direct_tx),
	decltest(sync_kloop_eventfds_all_direct_rx),
	decltest(sync_kloop_nocsb),
	decltest(sync_kloop_csb_enable),
	decltest(sync_kloop_conflict),
	decltest(sync_kloop_eventfds_mismatch),
	decltest(null_port),
	decltest(null_port_all_zero),
	decltest(null_port_sync),
	decltest(legacy_regif_default),
	decltest(legacy_regif_all_nic),
	decltest(legacy_regif_12),
	decltest(legacy_regif_sw),
	decltest(legacy_regif_future),
	decltest(legacy_regif_extra_bufs),
	decltest(legacy_regif_extra_bufs_pipe),
	decltest(legacy_regif_extra_bufs_pipe_vale),
	decltest(nmreq_parsing),
	decltest(binarycomp),
};

static void
context_cleanup(struct TestContext *ctx)
{
	if (ctx->csb) {
		free(ctx->csb);
		ctx->csb = NULL;
	}

	close(ctx->fd);
	ctx->fd = -1;
}

static int
parse_interval(const char *arg, int *j, int *k)
{
	const char *scan = arg;
	char *rest;

	*j = 0;
	*k = -1;
	if (*scan == '-') {
		scan++;
		goto get_k;
	}
	if (!isdigit(*scan))
		goto err;
	*k = strtol(scan, &rest, 10);
	*j = *k - 1;
	scan = rest;
	if (*scan == '-') {
		*k = -1;
		scan++;
	}
get_k:
	if (*scan == '\0')
		return 0;
	if (!isdigit(*scan))
		goto err;
	*k = strtol(scan, &rest, 10);
	scan = rest;
	if (!(*scan == '\0'))
		goto err;

	return 0;

err:
	fprintf(stderr, "syntax error in '%s', must be num[-[num]] or -[num]\n", arg);
	return -1;
}

#define ARGV_APPEND(_av, _ac, _x)\
	do {\
		assert((int)(_ac) < (int)(sizeof(_av)/sizeof((_av)[0])));\
		(_av)[(_ac)++] = _x;\
	} while (0)

static void
tap_cleanup(int signo)
{
	const char *av[8];
	int ac = 0;

	(void)signo;
#ifdef __FreeBSD__
	ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "ifconfig");
	ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, ctx_.ifname);
	ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "destroy");
#else
	ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "ip");
	ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "link");
	ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "del");
	ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, ctx_.ifname);
#endif
	ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, NULL);
	if (exec_command(ac, av)) {
		printf("Failed to destroy tap interface\n");
	}
}

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int create_tap = 1;
	int num_tests;
	int ret  = 0;
	int j    = 0;
	int k    = -1;
	int list = 0;
	int opt;
	int i;

#ifdef __FreeBSD__
	PLAIN_REQUIRE_KERNEL_MODULE("if_tap", 0);
	PLAIN_REQUIRE_KERNEL_MODULE("netmap", 0);
#endif

	memset(&ctx_, 0, sizeof(ctx_));

	{
		struct timespec t;
		int idx;

		clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &t);
		srand((unsigned int)t.tv_nsec);
		idx = rand() % 8000 + 100;
		snprintf(ctx_.ifname, sizeof(ctx_.ifname), "tap%d", idx);
		idx = rand() % 800 + 100;
		snprintf(ctx_.bdgname, sizeof(ctx_.bdgname), "vale%d", idx);
	}

	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "hi:j:l")) != -1) {
		switch (opt) {
		case 'h':
			usage(argv[0]);
			return 0;

		case 'i':
			strncpy(ctx_.ifname, optarg, sizeof(ctx_.ifname) - 1);
			create_tap = 0;
			break;

		case 'j':
			if (parse_interval(optarg, &j, &k) < 0) {
				usage(argv[0]);
				return -1;
			}
			break;

		case 'l':
			list = 1;
			create_tap = 0;
			break;

		default:
			printf("    Unrecognized option %c\n", opt);
			usage(argv[0]);
			return -1;
		}
	}

	num_tests = sizeof(tests) / sizeof(tests[0]);

	if (j < 0 || j >= num_tests || k > num_tests) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Test interval %d-%d out of range (%d-%d)\n",
				j + 1, k, 1, num_tests + 1);
		return -1;
	}

	if (k < 0)
		k = num_tests;

	if (list) {
		printf("Available tests:\n");
		for (i = 0; i < num_tests; i++) {
			printf("#%03d: %s\n", i + 1, tests[i].name);
		}
		return 0;
	}

	if (create_tap) {
		struct sigaction sa;
		const char *av[8];
		int ac = 0;
#ifdef __FreeBSD__
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "ifconfig");
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, ctx_.ifname);
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "create");
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "up");
#else
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "ip");
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "tuntap");
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "add");
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "mode");
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "tap");
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, "name");
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, ctx_.ifname);
#endif
		ARGV_APPEND(av, ac, NULL);
		if (exec_command(ac, av)) {
			printf("Failed to create tap interface\n");
			return -1;
		}

		sa.sa_handler = tap_cleanup;
		sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
		sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
		ret         = sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
		if (ret) {
			perror("sigaction(SIGINT)");
			goto out;
		}
		ret = sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL);
		if (ret) {
			perror("sigaction(SIGTERM)");
			goto out;
		}
	}

	for (i = j; i < k; i++) {
		struct TestContext ctxcopy;
		int fd;
		printf("==> Start of Test #%d [%s]\n", i + 1, tests[i].name);
		fd = open("/dev/netmap", O_RDWR);
		if (fd < 0) {
			perror("open(/dev/netmap)");
			ret = fd;
			goto out;
		}
		memcpy(&ctxcopy, &ctx_, sizeof(ctxcopy));
		ctxcopy.fd = fd;
		memcpy(ctxcopy.ifname_ext, ctxcopy.ifname,
			sizeof(ctxcopy.ifname));
		ret        = tests[i].test(&ctxcopy);
		if (ret != 0) {
			printf("Test #%d [%s] failed\n", i + 1, tests[i].name);
			goto out;
		}
		printf("==> Test #%d [%s] successful\n", i + 1, tests[i].name);
		context_cleanup(&ctxcopy);
	}
out:
	tap_cleanup(0);

	return ret;
}