xref: /freebsd/sys/vm/vm_pager.c (revision 5def4c47d4bd90b209b9b4a4ba9faec15846d8fd)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: (BSD-3-Clause AND MIT-CMU)
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  *	from: @(#)vm_pager.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 1/12/94
35  *
36  *
37  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
38  * All rights reserved.
39  *
40  * Authors: Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
41  *
42  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
43  * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
44  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
45  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
46  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
47  *
48  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
49  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
50  * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
51  *
52  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
53  *
54  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
55  *  School of Computer Science
56  *  Carnegie Mellon University
57  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
58  *
59  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
60  * rights to redistribute these changes.
61  */
62 
63 /*
64  *	Paging space routine stubs.  Emulates a matchmaker-like interface
65  *	for builtin pagers.
66  */
67 
68 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
69 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
70 
71 #include "opt_param.h"
72 
73 #include <sys/param.h>
74 #include <sys/systm.h>
75 #include <sys/kernel.h>
76 #include <sys/vnode.h>
77 #include <sys/bio.h>
78 #include <sys/buf.h>
79 #include <sys/ucred.h>
80 #include <sys/malloc.h>
81 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
82 #include <sys/user.h>
83 
84 #include <vm/vm.h>
85 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
86 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
87 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
88 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
89 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
90 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
91 #include <vm/uma.h>
92 
93 uma_zone_t pbuf_zone;
94 static int	pbuf_init(void *, int, int);
95 static int	pbuf_ctor(void *, int, void *, int);
96 static void	pbuf_dtor(void *, int, void *);
97 
98 static int dead_pager_getpages(vm_object_t, vm_page_t *, int, int *, int *);
99 static vm_object_t dead_pager_alloc(void *, vm_ooffset_t, vm_prot_t,
100     vm_ooffset_t, struct ucred *);
101 static void dead_pager_putpages(vm_object_t, vm_page_t *, int, int, int *);
102 static boolean_t dead_pager_haspage(vm_object_t, vm_pindex_t, int *, int *);
103 static void dead_pager_dealloc(vm_object_t);
104 static void dead_pager_getvp(vm_object_t, struct vnode **, bool *);
105 
106 static int
107 dead_pager_getpages(vm_object_t obj, vm_page_t *ma, int count, int *rbehind,
108     int *rahead)
109 {
110 
111 	return (VM_PAGER_FAIL);
112 }
113 
114 static vm_object_t
115 dead_pager_alloc(void *handle, vm_ooffset_t size, vm_prot_t prot,
116     vm_ooffset_t off, struct ucred *cred)
117 {
118 
119 	return (NULL);
120 }
121 
122 static void
123 dead_pager_putpages(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count,
124     int flags, int *rtvals)
125 {
126 	int i;
127 
128 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
129 		rtvals[i] = VM_PAGER_AGAIN;
130 }
131 
132 static int
133 dead_pager_haspage(vm_object_t object, vm_pindex_t pindex, int *prev, int *next)
134 {
135 
136 	if (prev != NULL)
137 		*prev = 0;
138 	if (next != NULL)
139 		*next = 0;
140 	return (FALSE);
141 }
142 
143 static void
144 dead_pager_dealloc(vm_object_t object)
145 {
146 
147 }
148 
149 static void
150 dead_pager_getvp(vm_object_t object, struct vnode **vpp, bool *vp_heldp)
151 {
152 	/*
153 	 * For OBJT_DEAD objects, v_writecount was handled in
154 	 * vnode_pager_dealloc().
155 	 */
156 }
157 
158 static const struct pagerops deadpagerops = {
159 	.pgo_kvme_type = KVME_TYPE_DEAD,
160 	.pgo_alloc = 	dead_pager_alloc,
161 	.pgo_dealloc =	dead_pager_dealloc,
162 	.pgo_getpages =	dead_pager_getpages,
163 	.pgo_putpages =	dead_pager_putpages,
164 	.pgo_haspage =	dead_pager_haspage,
165 	.pgo_getvp =	dead_pager_getvp,
166 };
167 
168 const struct pagerops *pagertab[16] __read_mostly = {
169 	[OBJT_DEFAULT] =	&defaultpagerops,
170 	[OBJT_SWAP] =		&swappagerops,
171 	[OBJT_VNODE] =		&vnodepagerops,
172 	[OBJT_DEVICE] =		&devicepagerops,
173 	[OBJT_PHYS] =		&physpagerops,
174 	[OBJT_DEAD] =		&deadpagerops,
175 	[OBJT_SG] = 		&sgpagerops,
176 	[OBJT_MGTDEVICE] = 	&mgtdevicepagerops,
177 };
178 static struct mtx pagertab_lock;
179 
180 void
181 vm_pager_init(void)
182 {
183 	const struct pagerops **pgops;
184 	int i;
185 
186 	mtx_init(&pagertab_lock, "dynpag", NULL, MTX_DEF);
187 
188 	/*
189 	 * Initialize known pagers
190 	 */
191 	for (i = 0; i < OBJT_FIRST_DYN; i++) {
192 		pgops = &pagertab[i];
193 		if ((*pgops)->pgo_init != NULL)
194 			(*(*pgops)->pgo_init)();
195 	}
196 }
197 
198 static int nswbuf_max;
199 
200 void
201 vm_pager_bufferinit(void)
202 {
203 
204 	/* Main zone for paging bufs. */
205 	pbuf_zone = uma_zcreate("pbuf",
206 	    sizeof(struct buf) + PBUF_PAGES * sizeof(vm_page_t),
207 	    pbuf_ctor, pbuf_dtor, pbuf_init, NULL, UMA_ALIGN_CACHE,
208 	    UMA_ZONE_NOFREE);
209 	/* Few systems may still use this zone directly, so it needs a limit. */
210 	nswbuf_max += uma_zone_set_max(pbuf_zone, NSWBUF_MIN);
211 }
212 
213 uma_zone_t
214 pbuf_zsecond_create(const char *name, int max)
215 {
216 	uma_zone_t zone;
217 
218 	zone = uma_zsecond_create(name, pbuf_ctor, pbuf_dtor, NULL, NULL,
219 	    pbuf_zone);
220 	/*
221 	 * uma_prealloc() rounds up to items per slab. If we would prealloc
222 	 * immediately on every pbuf_zsecond_create(), we may accumulate too
223 	 * much of difference between hard limit and prealloced items, which
224 	 * means wasted memory.
225 	 */
226 	if (nswbuf_max > 0)
227 		nswbuf_max += uma_zone_set_max(zone, max);
228 	else
229 		uma_prealloc(pbuf_zone, uma_zone_set_max(zone, max));
230 
231 	return (zone);
232 }
233 
234 static void
235 pbuf_prealloc(void *arg __unused)
236 {
237 
238 	uma_prealloc(pbuf_zone, nswbuf_max);
239 	nswbuf_max = -1;
240 }
241 
242 SYSINIT(pbuf, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_BUF, SI_ORDER_ANY, pbuf_prealloc, NULL);
243 
244 /*
245  * Allocate an instance of a pager of the given type.
246  * Size, protection and offset parameters are passed in for pagers that
247  * need to perform page-level validation (e.g. the device pager).
248  */
249 vm_object_t
250 vm_pager_allocate(objtype_t type, void *handle, vm_ooffset_t size,
251     vm_prot_t prot, vm_ooffset_t off, struct ucred *cred)
252 {
253 	MPASS(type < nitems(pagertab));
254 
255 	return ((*pagertab[type]->pgo_alloc)(handle, size, prot, off, cred));
256 }
257 
258 /*
259  *	The object must be locked.
260  */
261 void
262 vm_pager_deallocate(vm_object_t object)
263 {
264 
265 	VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(object);
266 	MPASS(object->type < nitems(pagertab));
267 	(*pagertab[object->type]->pgo_dealloc) (object);
268 }
269 
270 static void
271 vm_pager_assert_in(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count)
272 {
273 #ifdef INVARIANTS
274 
275 	/*
276 	 * All pages must be consecutive, busied, not mapped, not fully valid,
277 	 * not dirty and belong to the proper object.  Some pages may be the
278 	 * bogus page, but the first and last pages must be a real ones.
279 	 */
280 
281 	VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(object);
282 	VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_PAGING(object);
283 	KASSERT(count > 0, ("%s: 0 count", __func__));
284 	for (int i = 0 ; i < count; i++) {
285 		if (m[i] == bogus_page) {
286 			KASSERT(i != 0 && i != count - 1,
287 			    ("%s: page %d is the bogus page", __func__, i));
288 			continue;
289 		}
290 		vm_page_assert_xbusied(m[i]);
291 		KASSERT(!pmap_page_is_mapped(m[i]),
292 		    ("%s: page %p is mapped", __func__, m[i]));
293 		KASSERT(m[i]->valid != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
294 		    ("%s: request for a valid page %p", __func__, m[i]));
295 		KASSERT(m[i]->dirty == 0,
296 		    ("%s: page %p is dirty", __func__, m[i]));
297 		KASSERT(m[i]->object == object,
298 		    ("%s: wrong object %p/%p", __func__, object, m[i]->object));
299 		KASSERT(m[i]->pindex == m[0]->pindex + i,
300 		    ("%s: page %p isn't consecutive", __func__, m[i]));
301 	}
302 #endif
303 }
304 
305 /*
306  * Page in the pages for the object using its associated pager.
307  * The requested page must be fully valid on successful return.
308  */
309 int
310 vm_pager_get_pages(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count, int *rbehind,
311     int *rahead)
312 {
313 #ifdef INVARIANTS
314 	vm_pindex_t pindex = m[0]->pindex;
315 #endif
316 	int r;
317 
318 	MPASS(object->type < nitems(pagertab));
319 	vm_pager_assert_in(object, m, count);
320 
321 	r = (*pagertab[object->type]->pgo_getpages)(object, m, count, rbehind,
322 	    rahead);
323 	if (r != VM_PAGER_OK)
324 		return (r);
325 
326 	for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
327 		/*
328 		 * If pager has replaced a page, assert that it had
329 		 * updated the array.
330 		 */
331 #ifdef INVARIANTS
332 		VM_OBJECT_RLOCK(object);
333 		KASSERT(m[i] == vm_page_lookup(object, pindex++),
334 		    ("%s: mismatch page %p pindex %ju", __func__,
335 		    m[i], (uintmax_t )pindex - 1));
336 		VM_OBJECT_RUNLOCK(object);
337 #endif
338 		/*
339 		 * Zero out partially filled data.
340 		 */
341 		if (m[i]->valid != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL)
342 			vm_page_zero_invalid(m[i], TRUE);
343 	}
344 	return (VM_PAGER_OK);
345 }
346 
347 int
348 vm_pager_get_pages_async(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count,
349     int *rbehind, int *rahead, pgo_getpages_iodone_t iodone, void *arg)
350 {
351 
352 	MPASS(object->type < nitems(pagertab));
353 	vm_pager_assert_in(object, m, count);
354 
355 	return ((*pagertab[object->type]->pgo_getpages_async)(object, m,
356 	    count, rbehind, rahead, iodone, arg));
357 }
358 
359 /*
360  * vm_pager_put_pages() - inline, see vm/vm_pager.h
361  * vm_pager_has_page() - inline, see vm/vm_pager.h
362  */
363 
364 /*
365  * Search the specified pager object list for an object with the
366  * specified handle.  If an object with the specified handle is found,
367  * increase its reference count and return it.  Otherwise, return NULL.
368  *
369  * The pager object list must be locked.
370  */
371 vm_object_t
372 vm_pager_object_lookup(struct pagerlst *pg_list, void *handle)
373 {
374 	vm_object_t object;
375 
376 	TAILQ_FOREACH(object, pg_list, pager_object_list) {
377 		if (object->handle == handle) {
378 			VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(object);
379 			if ((object->flags & OBJ_DEAD) == 0) {
380 				vm_object_reference_locked(object);
381 				VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
382 				break;
383 			}
384 			VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
385 		}
386 	}
387 	return (object);
388 }
389 
390 int
391 vm_pager_alloc_dyn_type(struct pagerops *ops, int base_type)
392 {
393 	int res;
394 
395 	mtx_lock(&pagertab_lock);
396 	MPASS(base_type == -1 ||
397 	    (base_type >= OBJT_DEFAULT && base_type < nitems(pagertab)));
398 	for (res = OBJT_FIRST_DYN; res < nitems(pagertab); res++) {
399 		if (pagertab[res] == NULL)
400 			break;
401 	}
402 	if (res == nitems(pagertab)) {
403 		mtx_unlock(&pagertab_lock);
404 		return (-1);
405 	}
406 	if (base_type != -1) {
407 		MPASS(pagertab[base_type] != NULL);
408 #define	FIX(n)								\
409 		if (ops->pgo_##n == NULL)				\
410 			ops->pgo_##n = pagertab[base_type]->pgo_##n
411 		FIX(init);
412 		FIX(alloc);
413 		FIX(dealloc);
414 		FIX(getpages);
415 		FIX(getpages_async);
416 		FIX(putpages);
417 		FIX(haspage);
418 		FIX(populate);
419 		FIX(pageunswapped);
420 		FIX(update_writecount);
421 		FIX(release_writecount);
422 		FIX(set_writeable_dirty);
423 		FIX(mightbedirty);
424 		FIX(getvp);
425 		FIX(freespace);
426 #undef FIX
427 	}
428 	pagertab[res] = ops;	/* XXXKIB should be rel, but acq is too much */
429 	mtx_unlock(&pagertab_lock);
430 	return (res);
431 }
432 
433 void
434 vm_pager_free_dyn_type(objtype_t type)
435 {
436 	MPASS(type >= OBJT_FIRST_DYN && type < nitems(pagertab));
437 
438 	mtx_lock(&pagertab_lock);
439 	MPASS(pagertab[type] != NULL);
440 	pagertab[type] = NULL;
441 	mtx_unlock(&pagertab_lock);
442 }
443 
444 static int
445 pbuf_ctor(void *mem, int size, void *arg, int flags)
446 {
447 	struct buf *bp = mem;
448 
449 	bp->b_vp = NULL;
450 	bp->b_bufobj = NULL;
451 
452 	/* copied from initpbuf() */
453 	bp->b_rcred = NOCRED;
454 	bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
455 	bp->b_qindex = 0;       /* On no queue (QUEUE_NONE) */
456 	bp->b_data = bp->b_kvabase;
457 	bp->b_xflags = 0;
458 	bp->b_flags = B_MAXPHYS;
459 	bp->b_ioflags = 0;
460 	bp->b_iodone = NULL;
461 	bp->b_error = 0;
462 	BUF_LOCK(bp, LK_EXCLUSIVE, NULL);
463 
464 	return (0);
465 }
466 
467 static void
468 pbuf_dtor(void *mem, int size, void *arg)
469 {
470 	struct buf *bp = mem;
471 
472 	if (bp->b_rcred != NOCRED) {
473 		crfree(bp->b_rcred);
474 		bp->b_rcred = NOCRED;
475 	}
476 	if (bp->b_wcred != NOCRED) {
477 		crfree(bp->b_wcred);
478 		bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
479 	}
480 
481 	BUF_UNLOCK(bp);
482 }
483 
484 static int
485 pbuf_init(void *mem, int size, int flags)
486 {
487 	struct buf *bp = mem;
488 
489 	bp->b_kvabase = (void *)kva_alloc(ptoa(PBUF_PAGES));
490 	if (bp->b_kvabase == NULL)
491 		return (ENOMEM);
492 	bp->b_kvasize = ptoa(PBUF_PAGES);
493 	BUF_LOCKINIT(bp);
494 	LIST_INIT(&bp->b_dep);
495 	bp->b_rcred = bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
496 	bp->b_xflags = 0;
497 
498 	return (0);
499 }
500 
501 /*
502  * Associate a p-buffer with a vnode.
503  *
504  * Also sets B_PAGING flag to indicate that vnode is not fully associated
505  * with the buffer.  i.e. the bp has not been linked into the vnode or
506  * ref-counted.
507  */
508 void
509 pbgetvp(struct vnode *vp, struct buf *bp)
510 {
511 
512 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp == NULL, ("pbgetvp: not free"));
513 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj == NULL, ("pbgetvp: not free (bufobj)"));
514 
515 	bp->b_vp = vp;
516 	bp->b_flags |= B_PAGING;
517 	bp->b_bufobj = &vp->v_bufobj;
518 }
519 
520 /*
521  * Associate a p-buffer with a vnode.
522  *
523  * Also sets B_PAGING flag to indicate that vnode is not fully associated
524  * with the buffer.  i.e. the bp has not been linked into the vnode or
525  * ref-counted.
526  */
527 void
528 pbgetbo(struct bufobj *bo, struct buf *bp)
529 {
530 
531 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp == NULL, ("pbgetbo: not free (vnode)"));
532 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj == NULL, ("pbgetbo: not free (bufobj)"));
533 
534 	bp->b_flags |= B_PAGING;
535 	bp->b_bufobj = bo;
536 }
537 
538 /*
539  * Disassociate a p-buffer from a vnode.
540  */
541 void
542 pbrelvp(struct buf *bp)
543 {
544 
545 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp != NULL, ("pbrelvp: NULL"));
546 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj != NULL, ("pbrelvp: NULL bufobj"));
547 	KASSERT((bp->b_xflags & (BX_VNDIRTY | BX_VNCLEAN)) == 0,
548 	    ("pbrelvp: pager buf on vnode list."));
549 
550 	bp->b_vp = NULL;
551 	bp->b_bufobj = NULL;
552 	bp->b_flags &= ~B_PAGING;
553 }
554 
555 /*
556  * Disassociate a p-buffer from a bufobj.
557  */
558 void
559 pbrelbo(struct buf *bp)
560 {
561 
562 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp == NULL, ("pbrelbo: vnode"));
563 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj != NULL, ("pbrelbo: NULL bufobj"));
564 	KASSERT((bp->b_xflags & (BX_VNDIRTY | BX_VNCLEAN)) == 0,
565 	    ("pbrelbo: pager buf on vnode list."));
566 
567 	bp->b_bufobj = NULL;
568 	bp->b_flags &= ~B_PAGING;
569 }
570 
571 void
572 vm_object_set_writeable_dirty(vm_object_t object)
573 {
574 	pgo_set_writeable_dirty_t *method;
575 
576 	MPASS(object->type < nitems(pagertab));
577 
578 	method = pagertab[object->type]->pgo_set_writeable_dirty;
579 	if (method != NULL)
580 		method(object);
581 }
582 
583 bool
584 vm_object_mightbedirty(vm_object_t object)
585 {
586 	pgo_mightbedirty_t *method;
587 
588 	MPASS(object->type < nitems(pagertab));
589 
590 	method = pagertab[object->type]->pgo_mightbedirty;
591 	if (method == NULL)
592 		return (false);
593 	return (method(object));
594 }
595 
596 /*
597  * Return the kvme type of the given object.
598  * If vpp is not NULL, set it to the object's vm_object_vnode() or NULL.
599  */
600 int
601 vm_object_kvme_type(vm_object_t object, struct vnode **vpp)
602 {
603 	VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_LOCKED(object);
604 	MPASS(object->type < nitems(pagertab));
605 
606 	if (vpp != NULL)
607 		*vpp = vm_object_vnode(object);
608 	return (pagertab[object->type]->pgo_kvme_type);
609 }
610