xref: /freebsd/sys/vm/vm_pager.c (revision 243e928310d073338c5ec089f0dce238a80b9866)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  *	from: @(#)vm_pager.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 1/12/94
33  *
34  *
35  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
36  * All rights reserved.
37  *
38  * Authors: Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
39  *
40  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
41  * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
42  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
43  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
44  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
45  *
46  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
47  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
48  * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
49  *
50  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
51  *
52  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
53  *  School of Computer Science
54  *  Carnegie Mellon University
55  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
56  *
57  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
58  * rights to redistribute these changes.
59  */
60 
61 /*
62  *	Paging space routine stubs.  Emulates a matchmaker-like interface
63  *	for builtin pagers.
64  */
65 
66 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
67 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
68 
69 #include <sys/param.h>
70 #include <sys/systm.h>
71 #include <sys/kernel.h>
72 #include <sys/vnode.h>
73 #include <sys/bio.h>
74 #include <sys/buf.h>
75 #include <sys/ucred.h>
76 #include <sys/malloc.h>
77 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
78 
79 #include <vm/vm.h>
80 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
81 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
82 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
83 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
84 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
85 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
86 
87 int cluster_pbuf_freecnt = -1;	/* unlimited to begin with */
88 
89 struct buf *swbuf;
90 
91 static int dead_pager_getpages(vm_object_t, vm_page_t *, int, int *, int *);
92 static vm_object_t dead_pager_alloc(void *, vm_ooffset_t, vm_prot_t,
93     vm_ooffset_t, struct ucred *);
94 static void dead_pager_putpages(vm_object_t, vm_page_t *, int, int, int *);
95 static boolean_t dead_pager_haspage(vm_object_t, vm_pindex_t, int *, int *);
96 static void dead_pager_dealloc(vm_object_t);
97 
98 static int
99 dead_pager_getpages(vm_object_t obj, vm_page_t *ma, int count, int *rbehind,
100     int *rahead)
101 {
102 
103 	return (VM_PAGER_FAIL);
104 }
105 
106 static vm_object_t
107 dead_pager_alloc(void *handle, vm_ooffset_t size, vm_prot_t prot,
108     vm_ooffset_t off, struct ucred *cred)
109 {
110 	return NULL;
111 }
112 
113 static void
114 dead_pager_putpages(object, m, count, flags, rtvals)
115 	vm_object_t object;
116 	vm_page_t *m;
117 	int count;
118 	int flags;
119 	int *rtvals;
120 {
121 	int i;
122 
123 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
124 		rtvals[i] = VM_PAGER_AGAIN;
125 	}
126 }
127 
128 static int
129 dead_pager_haspage(object, pindex, prev, next)
130 	vm_object_t object;
131 	vm_pindex_t pindex;
132 	int *prev;
133 	int *next;
134 {
135 	if (prev)
136 		*prev = 0;
137 	if (next)
138 		*next = 0;
139 	return FALSE;
140 }
141 
142 static void
143 dead_pager_dealloc(object)
144 	vm_object_t object;
145 {
146 	return;
147 }
148 
149 static struct pagerops deadpagerops = {
150 	.pgo_alloc = 	dead_pager_alloc,
151 	.pgo_dealloc =	dead_pager_dealloc,
152 	.pgo_getpages =	dead_pager_getpages,
153 	.pgo_putpages =	dead_pager_putpages,
154 	.pgo_haspage =	dead_pager_haspage,
155 };
156 
157 struct pagerops *pagertab[] = {
158 	&defaultpagerops,	/* OBJT_DEFAULT */
159 	&swappagerops,		/* OBJT_SWAP */
160 	&vnodepagerops,		/* OBJT_VNODE */
161 	&devicepagerops,	/* OBJT_DEVICE */
162 	&physpagerops,		/* OBJT_PHYS */
163 	&deadpagerops,		/* OBJT_DEAD */
164 	&sgpagerops,		/* OBJT_SG */
165 	&mgtdevicepagerops,	/* OBJT_MGTDEVICE */
166 };
167 
168 /*
169  * Kernel address space for mapping pages.
170  * Used by pagers where KVAs are needed for IO.
171  *
172  * XXX needs to be large enough to support the number of pending async
173  * cleaning requests (NPENDINGIO == 64) * the maximum swap cluster size
174  * (MAXPHYS == 64k) if you want to get the most efficiency.
175  */
176 struct mtx_padalign pbuf_mtx;
177 static TAILQ_HEAD(swqueue, buf) bswlist;
178 static int bswneeded;
179 vm_offset_t swapbkva;		/* swap buffers kva */
180 
181 void
182 vm_pager_init()
183 {
184 	struct pagerops **pgops;
185 
186 	TAILQ_INIT(&bswlist);
187 	/*
188 	 * Initialize known pagers
189 	 */
190 	for (pgops = pagertab; pgops < &pagertab[nitems(pagertab)]; pgops++)
191 		if ((*pgops)->pgo_init != NULL)
192 			(*(*pgops)->pgo_init) ();
193 }
194 
195 void
196 vm_pager_bufferinit()
197 {
198 	struct buf *bp;
199 	int i;
200 
201 	mtx_init(&pbuf_mtx, "pbuf mutex", NULL, MTX_DEF);
202 	bp = swbuf;
203 	/*
204 	 * Now set up swap and physical I/O buffer headers.
205 	 */
206 	for (i = 0; i < nswbuf; i++, bp++) {
207 		TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bswlist, bp, b_freelist);
208 		BUF_LOCKINIT(bp);
209 		LIST_INIT(&bp->b_dep);
210 		bp->b_rcred = bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
211 		bp->b_xflags = 0;
212 	}
213 
214 	cluster_pbuf_freecnt = nswbuf / 2;
215 	vnode_pbuf_freecnt = nswbuf / 2 + 1;
216 	vnode_async_pbuf_freecnt = nswbuf / 2;
217 }
218 
219 /*
220  * Allocate an instance of a pager of the given type.
221  * Size, protection and offset parameters are passed in for pagers that
222  * need to perform page-level validation (e.g. the device pager).
223  */
224 vm_object_t
225 vm_pager_allocate(objtype_t type, void *handle, vm_ooffset_t size,
226     vm_prot_t prot, vm_ooffset_t off, struct ucred *cred)
227 {
228 	vm_object_t ret;
229 	struct pagerops *ops;
230 
231 	ops = pagertab[type];
232 	if (ops)
233 		ret = (*ops->pgo_alloc) (handle, size, prot, off, cred);
234 	else
235 		ret = NULL;
236 	return (ret);
237 }
238 
239 /*
240  *	The object must be locked.
241  */
242 void
243 vm_pager_deallocate(object)
244 	vm_object_t object;
245 {
246 
247 	VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(object);
248 	(*pagertab[object->type]->pgo_dealloc) (object);
249 }
250 
251 static void
252 vm_pager_assert_in(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count)
253 {
254 #ifdef INVARIANTS
255 
256 	VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(object);
257 	KASSERT(count > 0, ("%s: 0 count", __func__));
258 	/*
259 	 * All pages must be busied, not mapped, not fully valid,
260 	 * not dirty and belong to the proper object.
261 	 */
262 	for (int i = 0 ; i < count; i++) {
263 		vm_page_assert_xbusied(m[i]);
264 		KASSERT(!pmap_page_is_mapped(m[i]),
265 		    ("%s: page %p is mapped", __func__, m[i]));
266 		KASSERT(m[i]->valid != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
267 		    ("%s: request for a valid page %p", __func__, m[i]));
268 		KASSERT(m[i]->dirty == 0,
269 		    ("%s: page %p is dirty", __func__, m[i]));
270 		KASSERT(m[i]->object == object,
271 		    ("%s: wrong object %p/%p", __func__, object, m[i]->object));
272 	}
273 #endif
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * Page in the pages for the object using its associated pager.
278  * The requested page must be fully valid on successful return.
279  */
280 int
281 vm_pager_get_pages(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count, int *rbehind,
282     int *rahead)
283 {
284 #ifdef INVARIANTS
285 	vm_pindex_t pindex = m[0]->pindex;
286 #endif
287 	int r;
288 
289 	vm_pager_assert_in(object, m, count);
290 
291 	r = (*pagertab[object->type]->pgo_getpages)(object, m, count, rbehind,
292 	    rahead);
293 	if (r != VM_PAGER_OK)
294 		return (r);
295 
296 	for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
297 		/*
298 		 * If pager has replaced a page, assert that it had
299 		 * updated the array.
300 		 */
301 		KASSERT(m[i] == vm_page_lookup(object, pindex++),
302 		    ("%s: mismatch page %p pindex %ju", __func__,
303 		    m[i], (uintmax_t )pindex - 1));
304 		/*
305 		 * Zero out partially filled data.
306 		 */
307 		if (m[i]->valid != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL)
308 			vm_page_zero_invalid(m[i], TRUE);
309 	}
310 	return (VM_PAGER_OK);
311 }
312 
313 int
314 vm_pager_get_pages_async(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t *m, int count,
315     int *rbehind, int *rahead, pgo_getpages_iodone_t iodone, void *arg)
316 {
317 
318 	vm_pager_assert_in(object, m, count);
319 
320 	return ((*pagertab[object->type]->pgo_getpages_async)(object, m,
321 	    count, rbehind, rahead, iodone, arg));
322 }
323 
324 /*
325  * vm_pager_put_pages() - inline, see vm/vm_pager.h
326  * vm_pager_has_page() - inline, see vm/vm_pager.h
327  */
328 
329 /*
330  * Search the specified pager object list for an object with the
331  * specified handle.  If an object with the specified handle is found,
332  * increase its reference count and return it.  Otherwise, return NULL.
333  *
334  * The pager object list must be locked.
335  */
336 vm_object_t
337 vm_pager_object_lookup(struct pagerlst *pg_list, void *handle)
338 {
339 	vm_object_t object;
340 
341 	TAILQ_FOREACH(object, pg_list, pager_object_list) {
342 		if (object->handle == handle) {
343 			VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(object);
344 			if ((object->flags & OBJ_DEAD) == 0) {
345 				vm_object_reference_locked(object);
346 				VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
347 				break;
348 			}
349 			VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
350 		}
351 	}
352 	return (object);
353 }
354 
355 /*
356  * initialize a physical buffer
357  */
358 
359 /*
360  * XXX This probably belongs in vfs_bio.c
361  */
362 static void
363 initpbuf(struct buf *bp)
364 {
365 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj == NULL, ("initpbuf with bufobj"));
366 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp == NULL, ("initpbuf with vp"));
367 	bp->b_rcred = NOCRED;
368 	bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
369 	bp->b_qindex = 0;	/* On no queue (QUEUE_NONE) */
370 	bp->b_kvabase = (caddr_t) (MAXPHYS * (bp - swbuf)) + swapbkva;
371 	bp->b_data = bp->b_kvabase;
372 	bp->b_kvasize = MAXPHYS;
373 	bp->b_flags = 0;
374 	bp->b_xflags = 0;
375 	bp->b_ioflags = 0;
376 	bp->b_iodone = NULL;
377 	bp->b_error = 0;
378 	BUF_LOCK(bp, LK_EXCLUSIVE, NULL);
379 }
380 
381 /*
382  * allocate a physical buffer
383  *
384  *	There are a limited number (nswbuf) of physical buffers.  We need
385  *	to make sure that no single subsystem is able to hog all of them,
386  *	so each subsystem implements a counter which is typically initialized
387  *	to 1/2 nswbuf.  getpbuf() decrements this counter in allocation and
388  *	increments it on release, and blocks if the counter hits zero.  A
389  *	subsystem may initialize the counter to -1 to disable the feature,
390  *	but it must still be sure to match up all uses of getpbuf() with
391  *	relpbuf() using the same variable.
392  *
393  *	NOTE: pfreecnt can be NULL, but this 'feature' will be removed
394  *	relatively soon when the rest of the subsystems get smart about it. XXX
395  */
396 struct buf *
397 getpbuf(int *pfreecnt)
398 {
399 	struct buf *bp;
400 
401 	mtx_lock(&pbuf_mtx);
402 
403 	for (;;) {
404 		if (pfreecnt) {
405 			while (*pfreecnt == 0) {
406 				msleep(pfreecnt, &pbuf_mtx, PVM, "wswbuf0", 0);
407 			}
408 		}
409 
410 		/* get a bp from the swap buffer header pool */
411 		if ((bp = TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist)) != NULL)
412 			break;
413 
414 		bswneeded = 1;
415 		msleep(&bswneeded, &pbuf_mtx, PVM, "wswbuf1", 0);
416 		/* loop in case someone else grabbed one */
417 	}
418 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&bswlist, bp, b_freelist);
419 	if (pfreecnt)
420 		--*pfreecnt;
421 	mtx_unlock(&pbuf_mtx);
422 
423 	initpbuf(bp);
424 	return bp;
425 }
426 
427 /*
428  * allocate a physical buffer, if one is available.
429  *
430  *	Note that there is no NULL hack here - all subsystems using this
431  *	call understand how to use pfreecnt.
432  */
433 struct buf *
434 trypbuf(int *pfreecnt)
435 {
436 	struct buf *bp;
437 
438 	mtx_lock(&pbuf_mtx);
439 	if (*pfreecnt == 0 || (bp = TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist)) == NULL) {
440 		mtx_unlock(&pbuf_mtx);
441 		return NULL;
442 	}
443 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&bswlist, bp, b_freelist);
444 
445 	--*pfreecnt;
446 
447 	mtx_unlock(&pbuf_mtx);
448 
449 	initpbuf(bp);
450 
451 	return bp;
452 }
453 
454 /*
455  * release a physical buffer
456  *
457  *	NOTE: pfreecnt can be NULL, but this 'feature' will be removed
458  *	relatively soon when the rest of the subsystems get smart about it. XXX
459  */
460 void
461 relpbuf(struct buf *bp, int *pfreecnt)
462 {
463 
464 	if (bp->b_rcred != NOCRED) {
465 		crfree(bp->b_rcred);
466 		bp->b_rcred = NOCRED;
467 	}
468 	if (bp->b_wcred != NOCRED) {
469 		crfree(bp->b_wcred);
470 		bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
471 	}
472 
473 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp == NULL, ("relpbuf with vp"));
474 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj == NULL, ("relpbuf with bufobj"));
475 
476 	BUF_UNLOCK(bp);
477 
478 	mtx_lock(&pbuf_mtx);
479 	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bswlist, bp, b_freelist);
480 
481 	if (bswneeded) {
482 		bswneeded = 0;
483 		wakeup(&bswneeded);
484 	}
485 	if (pfreecnt) {
486 		if (++*pfreecnt == 1)
487 			wakeup(pfreecnt);
488 	}
489 	mtx_unlock(&pbuf_mtx);
490 }
491 
492 /*
493  * Associate a p-buffer with a vnode.
494  *
495  * Also sets B_PAGING flag to indicate that vnode is not fully associated
496  * with the buffer.  i.e. the bp has not been linked into the vnode or
497  * ref-counted.
498  */
499 void
500 pbgetvp(struct vnode *vp, struct buf *bp)
501 {
502 
503 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp == NULL, ("pbgetvp: not free"));
504 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj == NULL, ("pbgetvp: not free (bufobj)"));
505 
506 	bp->b_vp = vp;
507 	bp->b_flags |= B_PAGING;
508 	bp->b_bufobj = &vp->v_bufobj;
509 }
510 
511 /*
512  * Associate a p-buffer with a vnode.
513  *
514  * Also sets B_PAGING flag to indicate that vnode is not fully associated
515  * with the buffer.  i.e. the bp has not been linked into the vnode or
516  * ref-counted.
517  */
518 void
519 pbgetbo(struct bufobj *bo, struct buf *bp)
520 {
521 
522 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp == NULL, ("pbgetbo: not free (vnode)"));
523 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj == NULL, ("pbgetbo: not free (bufobj)"));
524 
525 	bp->b_flags |= B_PAGING;
526 	bp->b_bufobj = bo;
527 }
528 
529 /*
530  * Disassociate a p-buffer from a vnode.
531  */
532 void
533 pbrelvp(struct buf *bp)
534 {
535 
536 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp != NULL, ("pbrelvp: NULL"));
537 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj != NULL, ("pbrelvp: NULL bufobj"));
538 	KASSERT((bp->b_xflags & (BX_VNDIRTY | BX_VNCLEAN)) == 0,
539 	    ("pbrelvp: pager buf on vnode list."));
540 
541 	bp->b_vp = NULL;
542 	bp->b_bufobj = NULL;
543 	bp->b_flags &= ~B_PAGING;
544 }
545 
546 /*
547  * Disassociate a p-buffer from a bufobj.
548  */
549 void
550 pbrelbo(struct buf *bp)
551 {
552 
553 	KASSERT(bp->b_vp == NULL, ("pbrelbo: vnode"));
554 	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj != NULL, ("pbrelbo: NULL bufobj"));
555 	KASSERT((bp->b_xflags & (BX_VNDIRTY | BX_VNCLEAN)) == 0,
556 	    ("pbrelbo: pager buf on vnode list."));
557 
558 	bp->b_bufobj = NULL;
559 	bp->b_flags &= ~B_PAGING;
560 }
561