xref: /freebsd/sys/vm/vm_mmap.c (revision 89f6b8632cc94bca2738b4fcc26e1189ef4f5dde)

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1988 University of Utah.
 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
 * Science Department.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * from: Utah $Hdr: vm_mmap.c 1.6 91/10/21$
 *
 *	@(#)vm_mmap.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 1/12/94
 */

/*
 * Mapped file (mmap) interface to VM
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");

#include "opt_compat.h"
#include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/capability.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/mutex.h>
#include <sys/sysproto.h>
#include <sys/filedesc.h>
#include <sys/priv.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/racct.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/resourcevar.h>
#include <sys/rwlock.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/conf.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/sysent.h>
#include <sys/vmmeter.h>

#include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>

#include <vm/vm.h>
#include <vm/vm_param.h>
#include <vm/pmap.h>
#include <vm/vm_map.h>
#include <vm/vm_object.h>
#include <vm/vm_page.h>
#include <vm/vm_pager.h>
#include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
#include <vm/vm_extern.h>
#include <vm/vm_page.h>
#include <vm/vnode_pager.h>

#ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
#include <sys/pmckern.h>
#endif

int old_mlock = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_vm, OID_AUTO, old_mlock, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN, &old_mlock, 0,
    "Do not apply RLIMIT_MEMLOCK on mlockall");
TUNABLE_INT("vm.old_mlock", &old_mlock);

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct sbrk_args {
	int incr;
};
#endif

static int vm_mmap_vnode(struct thread *, vm_size_t, vm_prot_t, vm_prot_t *,
    int *, struct vnode *, vm_ooffset_t *, vm_object_t *, boolean_t *);
static int vm_mmap_cdev(struct thread *, vm_size_t, vm_prot_t, vm_prot_t *,
    int *, struct cdev *, vm_ooffset_t *, vm_object_t *);
static int vm_mmap_shm(struct thread *, vm_size_t, vm_prot_t, vm_prot_t *,
    int *, struct shmfd *, vm_ooffset_t, vm_object_t *);

/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
int
sys_sbrk(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct sbrk_args *uap;
{
	/* Not yet implemented */
	return (EOPNOTSUPP);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct sstk_args {
	int incr;
};
#endif

/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
int
sys_sstk(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct sstk_args *uap;
{
	/* Not yet implemented */
	return (EOPNOTSUPP);
}

#if defined(COMPAT_43)
#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct getpagesize_args {
	int dummy;
};
#endif

int
ogetpagesize(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct getpagesize_args *uap;
{
	/* MP SAFE */
	td->td_retval[0] = PAGE_SIZE;
	return (0);
}
#endif				/* COMPAT_43 */


/*
 * Memory Map (mmap) system call.  Note that the file offset
 * and address are allowed to be NOT page aligned, though if
 * the MAP_FIXED flag it set, both must have the same remainder
 * modulo the PAGE_SIZE (POSIX 1003.1b).  If the address is not
 * page-aligned, the actual mapping starts at trunc_page(addr)
 * and the return value is adjusted up by the page offset.
 *
 * Generally speaking, only character devices which are themselves
 * memory-based, such as a video framebuffer, can be mmap'd.  Otherwise
 * there would be no cache coherency between a descriptor and a VM mapping
 * both to the same character device.
 */
#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct mmap_args {
	void *addr;
	size_t len;
	int prot;
	int flags;
	int fd;
	long pad;
	off_t pos;
};
#endif

/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_mmap(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct mmap_args *uap;
{
#ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
	struct pmckern_map_in pkm;
#endif
	struct file *fp;
	struct vnode *vp;
	vm_offset_t addr;
	vm_size_t size, pageoff;
	vm_prot_t cap_maxprot, prot, maxprot;
	void *handle;
	objtype_t handle_type;
	int flags, error;
	off_t pos;
	struct vmspace *vms = td->td_proc->p_vmspace;
	cap_rights_t rights;

	addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr;
	size = uap->len;
	prot = uap->prot & VM_PROT_ALL;
	flags = uap->flags;
	pos = uap->pos;

	fp = NULL;

	/*
	 * Enforce the constraints.
	 * Mapping of length 0 is only allowed for old binaries.
	 * Anonymous mapping shall specify -1 as filedescriptor and
	 * zero position for new code. Be nice to ancient a.out
	 * binaries and correct pos for anonymous mapping, since old
	 * ld.so sometimes issues anonymous map requests with non-zero
	 * pos.
	 */
	if (!SV_CURPROC_FLAG(SV_AOUT)) {
		if ((uap->len == 0 && curproc->p_osrel >= P_OSREL_MAP_ANON) ||
		    ((flags & MAP_ANON) != 0 && (uap->fd != -1 || pos != 0)))
			return (EINVAL);
	} else {
		if ((flags & MAP_ANON) != 0)
			pos = 0;
	}

	if (flags & MAP_STACK) {
		if ((uap->fd != -1) ||
		    ((prot & (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE)) != (PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE)))
			return (EINVAL);
		flags |= MAP_ANON;
		pos = 0;
	}

	/*
	 * Align the file position to a page boundary,
	 * and save its page offset component.
	 */
	pageoff = (pos & PAGE_MASK);
	pos -= pageoff;

	/* Adjust size for rounding (on both ends). */
	size += pageoff;			/* low end... */
	size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size);	/* hi end */

	/*
	 * Check for illegal addresses.  Watch out for address wrap... Note
	 * that VM_*_ADDRESS are not constants due to casts (argh).
	 */
	if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
		/*
		 * The specified address must have the same remainder
		 * as the file offset taken modulo PAGE_SIZE, so it
		 * should be aligned after adjustment by pageoff.
		 */
		addr -= pageoff;
		if (addr & PAGE_MASK)
			return (EINVAL);

		/* Address range must be all in user VM space. */
		if (addr < vm_map_min(&vms->vm_map) ||
		    addr + size > vm_map_max(&vms->vm_map))
			return (EINVAL);
		if (addr + size < addr)
			return (EINVAL);
	} else {
		/*
		 * XXX for non-fixed mappings where no hint is provided or
		 * the hint would fall in the potential heap space,
		 * place it after the end of the largest possible heap.
		 *
		 * There should really be a pmap call to determine a reasonable
		 * location.
		 */
		PROC_LOCK(td->td_proc);
		if (addr == 0 ||
		    (addr >= round_page((vm_offset_t)vms->vm_taddr) &&
		    addr < round_page((vm_offset_t)vms->vm_daddr +
		    lim_max(td->td_proc, RLIMIT_DATA))))
			addr = round_page((vm_offset_t)vms->vm_daddr +
			    lim_max(td->td_proc, RLIMIT_DATA));
		PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
	}
	if (flags & MAP_ANON) {
		/*
		 * Mapping blank space is trivial.
		 */
		handle = NULL;
		handle_type = OBJT_DEFAULT;
		maxprot = VM_PROT_ALL;
		cap_maxprot = VM_PROT_ALL;
	} else {
		/*
		 * Mapping file, get fp for validation and don't let the
		 * descriptor disappear on us if we block. Check capability
		 * rights, but also return the maximum rights to be combined
		 * with maxprot later.
		 */
		rights = CAP_MMAP;
		if (prot & PROT_READ)
			rights |= CAP_MMAP_R;
		if ((flags & MAP_SHARED) != 0) {
			if (prot & PROT_WRITE)
				rights |= CAP_MMAP_W;
		}
		if (prot & PROT_EXEC)
			rights |= CAP_MMAP_X;
		if ((error = fget_mmap(td, uap->fd, rights, &cap_maxprot,
		    &fp)) != 0)
			goto done;
		if (fp->f_type == DTYPE_SHM) {
			handle = fp->f_data;
			handle_type = OBJT_SWAP;
			maxprot = VM_PROT_NONE;

			/* FREAD should always be set. */
			if (fp->f_flag & FREAD)
				maxprot |= VM_PROT_EXECUTE | VM_PROT_READ;
			if (fp->f_flag & FWRITE)
				maxprot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
			goto map;
		}
		if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) {
			error = ENODEV;
			goto done;
		}
#if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD7) || defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD6) || \
    defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD5) || defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD4)
		/*
		 * POSIX shared-memory objects are defined to have
		 * kernel persistence, and are not defined to support
		 * read(2)/write(2) -- or even open(2).  Thus, we can
		 * use MAP_ASYNC to trade on-disk coherence for speed.
		 * The shm_open(3) library routine turns on the FPOSIXSHM
		 * flag to request this behavior.
		 */
		if (fp->f_flag & FPOSIXSHM)
			flags |= MAP_NOSYNC;
#endif
		vp = fp->f_vnode;
		/*
		 * Ensure that file and memory protections are
		 * compatible.  Note that we only worry about
		 * writability if mapping is shared; in this case,
		 * current and max prot are dictated by the open file.
		 * XXX use the vnode instead?  Problem is: what
		 * credentials do we use for determination? What if
		 * proc does a setuid?
		 */
		if (vp->v_mount != NULL && vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC)
			maxprot = VM_PROT_NONE;
		else
			maxprot = VM_PROT_EXECUTE;
		if (fp->f_flag & FREAD) {
			maxprot |= VM_PROT_READ;
		} else if (prot & PROT_READ) {
			error = EACCES;
			goto done;
		}
		/*
		 * If we are sharing potential changes (either via
		 * MAP_SHARED or via the implicit sharing of character
		 * device mappings), and we are trying to get write
		 * permission although we opened it without asking
		 * for it, bail out.
		 */
		if ((flags & MAP_SHARED) != 0) {
			if ((fp->f_flag & FWRITE) != 0) {
				maxprot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
			} else if ((prot & PROT_WRITE) != 0) {
				error = EACCES;
				goto done;
			}
		} else if (vp->v_type != VCHR || (fp->f_flag & FWRITE) != 0) {
			maxprot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
			cap_maxprot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
		}
		handle = (void *)vp;
		handle_type = OBJT_VNODE;
	}
map:
	td->td_fpop = fp;
	maxprot &= cap_maxprot;
	error = vm_mmap(&vms->vm_map, &addr, size, prot, maxprot,
	    flags, handle_type, handle, pos);
	td->td_fpop = NULL;
#ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
	/* inform hwpmc(4) if an executable is being mapped */
	if (error == 0 && handle_type == OBJT_VNODE &&
	    (prot & PROT_EXEC)) {
		pkm.pm_file = handle;
		pkm.pm_address = (uintptr_t) addr;
		PMC_CALL_HOOK(td, PMC_FN_MMAP, (void *) &pkm);
	}
#endif
	if (error == 0)
		td->td_retval[0] = (register_t) (addr + pageoff);
done:
	if (fp)
		fdrop(fp, td);

	return (error);
}

int
freebsd6_mmap(struct thread *td, struct freebsd6_mmap_args *uap)
{
	struct mmap_args oargs;

	oargs.addr = uap->addr;
	oargs.len = uap->len;
	oargs.prot = uap->prot;
	oargs.flags = uap->flags;
	oargs.fd = uap->fd;
	oargs.pos = uap->pos;
	return (sys_mmap(td, &oargs));
}

#ifdef COMPAT_43
#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct ommap_args {
	caddr_t addr;
	int len;
	int prot;
	int flags;
	int fd;
	long pos;
};
#endif
int
ommap(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct ommap_args *uap;
{
	struct mmap_args nargs;
	static const char cvtbsdprot[8] = {
		0,
		PROT_EXEC,
		PROT_WRITE,
		PROT_EXEC | PROT_WRITE,
		PROT_READ,
		PROT_EXEC | PROT_READ,
		PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ,
		PROT_EXEC | PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ,
	};

#define	OMAP_ANON	0x0002
#define	OMAP_COPY	0x0020
#define	OMAP_SHARED	0x0010
#define	OMAP_FIXED	0x0100

	nargs.addr = uap->addr;
	nargs.len = uap->len;
	nargs.prot = cvtbsdprot[uap->prot & 0x7];
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
#if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__ia64__)
	if (i386_read_exec && SV_PROC_FLAG(td->td_proc, SV_ILP32) &&
	    nargs.prot != 0)
		nargs.prot |= PROT_EXEC;
#endif
#endif
	nargs.flags = 0;
	if (uap->flags & OMAP_ANON)
		nargs.flags |= MAP_ANON;
	if (uap->flags & OMAP_COPY)
		nargs.flags |= MAP_COPY;
	if (uap->flags & OMAP_SHARED)
		nargs.flags |= MAP_SHARED;
	else
		nargs.flags |= MAP_PRIVATE;
	if (uap->flags & OMAP_FIXED)
		nargs.flags |= MAP_FIXED;
	nargs.fd = uap->fd;
	nargs.pos = uap->pos;
	return (sys_mmap(td, &nargs));
}
#endif				/* COMPAT_43 */


#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct msync_args {
	void *addr;
	size_t len;
	int flags;
};
#endif
/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_msync(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct msync_args *uap;
{
	vm_offset_t addr;
	vm_size_t size, pageoff;
	int flags;
	vm_map_t map;
	int rv;

	addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr;
	size = uap->len;
	flags = uap->flags;

	pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK);
	addr -= pageoff;
	size += pageoff;
	size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size);
	if (addr + size < addr)
		return (EINVAL);

	if ((flags & (MS_ASYNC|MS_INVALIDATE)) == (MS_ASYNC|MS_INVALIDATE))
		return (EINVAL);

	map = &td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;

	/*
	 * Clean the pages and interpret the return value.
	 */
	rv = vm_map_sync(map, addr, addr + size, (flags & MS_ASYNC) == 0,
	    (flags & MS_INVALIDATE) != 0);
	switch (rv) {
	case KERN_SUCCESS:
		return (0);
	case KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS:
		return (EINVAL);	/* Sun returns ENOMEM? */
	case KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT:
		return (EBUSY);
	case KERN_FAILURE:
		return (EIO);
	default:
		return (EINVAL);
	}
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct munmap_args {
	void *addr;
	size_t len;
};
#endif
/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_munmap(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct munmap_args *uap;
{
#ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
	struct pmckern_map_out pkm;
	vm_map_entry_t entry;
#endif
	vm_offset_t addr;
	vm_size_t size, pageoff;
	vm_map_t map;

	addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr;
	size = uap->len;
	if (size == 0)
		return (EINVAL);

	pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK);
	addr -= pageoff;
	size += pageoff;
	size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size);
	if (addr + size < addr)
		return (EINVAL);

	/*
	 * Check for illegal addresses.  Watch out for address wrap...
	 */
	map = &td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;
	if (addr < vm_map_min(map) || addr + size > vm_map_max(map))
		return (EINVAL);
	vm_map_lock(map);
#ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
	/*
	 * Inform hwpmc if the address range being unmapped contains
	 * an executable region.
	 */
	pkm.pm_address = (uintptr_t) NULL;
	if (vm_map_lookup_entry(map, addr, &entry)) {
		for (;
		     entry != &map->header && entry->start < addr + size;
		     entry = entry->next) {
			if (vm_map_check_protection(map, entry->start,
				entry->end, VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == TRUE) {
				pkm.pm_address = (uintptr_t) addr;
				pkm.pm_size = (size_t) size;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
#endif
	vm_map_delete(map, addr, addr + size);

#ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
	/* downgrade the lock to prevent a LOR with the pmc-sx lock */
	vm_map_lock_downgrade(map);
	if (pkm.pm_address != (uintptr_t) NULL)
		PMC_CALL_HOOK(td, PMC_FN_MUNMAP, (void *) &pkm);
	vm_map_unlock_read(map);
#else
	vm_map_unlock(map);
#endif
	/* vm_map_delete returns nothing but KERN_SUCCESS anyway */
	return (0);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct mprotect_args {
	const void *addr;
	size_t len;
	int prot;
};
#endif
/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_mprotect(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct mprotect_args *uap;
{
	vm_offset_t addr;
	vm_size_t size, pageoff;
	vm_prot_t prot;

	addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr;
	size = uap->len;
	prot = uap->prot & VM_PROT_ALL;

	pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK);
	addr -= pageoff;
	size += pageoff;
	size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size);
	if (addr + size < addr)
		return (EINVAL);

	switch (vm_map_protect(&td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map, addr,
	    addr + size, prot, FALSE)) {
	case KERN_SUCCESS:
		return (0);
	case KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE:
		return (EACCES);
	case KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE:
		return (ENOMEM);
	}
	return (EINVAL);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct minherit_args {
	void *addr;
	size_t len;
	int inherit;
};
#endif
/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_minherit(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct minherit_args *uap;
{
	vm_offset_t addr;
	vm_size_t size, pageoff;
	vm_inherit_t inherit;

	addr = (vm_offset_t)uap->addr;
	size = uap->len;
	inherit = uap->inherit;

	pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK);
	addr -= pageoff;
	size += pageoff;
	size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size);
	if (addr + size < addr)
		return (EINVAL);

	switch (vm_map_inherit(&td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map, addr,
	    addr + size, inherit)) {
	case KERN_SUCCESS:
		return (0);
	case KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE:
		return (EACCES);
	}
	return (EINVAL);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct madvise_args {
	void *addr;
	size_t len;
	int behav;
};
#endif

/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_madvise(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct madvise_args *uap;
{
	vm_offset_t start, end;
	vm_map_t map;
	struct proc *p;
	int error;

	/*
	 * Check for our special case, advising the swap pager we are
	 * "immortal."
	 */
	if (uap->behav == MADV_PROTECT) {
		error = priv_check(td, PRIV_VM_MADV_PROTECT);
		if (error == 0) {
			p = td->td_proc;
			PROC_LOCK(p);
			p->p_flag |= P_PROTECTED;
			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
		}
		return (error);
	}
	/*
	 * Check for illegal behavior
	 */
	if (uap->behav < 0 || uap->behav > MADV_CORE)
		return (EINVAL);
	/*
	 * Check for illegal addresses.  Watch out for address wrap... Note
	 * that VM_*_ADDRESS are not constants due to casts (argh).
	 */
	map = &td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;
	if ((vm_offset_t)uap->addr < vm_map_min(map) ||
	    (vm_offset_t)uap->addr + uap->len > vm_map_max(map))
		return (EINVAL);
	if (((vm_offset_t) uap->addr + uap->len) < (vm_offset_t) uap->addr)
		return (EINVAL);

	/*
	 * Since this routine is only advisory, we default to conservative
	 * behavior.
	 */
	start = trunc_page((vm_offset_t) uap->addr);
	end = round_page((vm_offset_t) uap->addr + uap->len);

	if (vm_map_madvise(map, start, end, uap->behav))
		return (EINVAL);
	return (0);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct mincore_args {
	const void *addr;
	size_t len;
	char *vec;
};
#endif

/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_mincore(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct mincore_args *uap;
{
	vm_offset_t addr, first_addr;
	vm_offset_t end, cend;
	pmap_t pmap;
	vm_map_t map;
	char *vec;
	int error = 0;
	int vecindex, lastvecindex;
	vm_map_entry_t current;
	vm_map_entry_t entry;
	vm_object_t object;
	vm_paddr_t locked_pa;
	vm_page_t m;
	vm_pindex_t pindex;
	int mincoreinfo;
	unsigned int timestamp;
	boolean_t locked;

	/*
	 * Make sure that the addresses presented are valid for user
	 * mode.
	 */
	first_addr = addr = trunc_page((vm_offset_t) uap->addr);
	end = addr + (vm_size_t)round_page(uap->len);
	map = &td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;
	if (end > vm_map_max(map) || end < addr)
		return (ENOMEM);

	/*
	 * Address of byte vector
	 */
	vec = uap->vec;

	pmap = vmspace_pmap(td->td_proc->p_vmspace);

	vm_map_lock_read(map);
RestartScan:
	timestamp = map->timestamp;

	if (!vm_map_lookup_entry(map, addr, &entry)) {
		vm_map_unlock_read(map);
		return (ENOMEM);
	}

	/*
	 * Do this on a map entry basis so that if the pages are not
	 * in the current processes address space, we can easily look
	 * up the pages elsewhere.
	 */
	lastvecindex = -1;
	for (current = entry;
	    (current != &map->header) && (current->start < end);
	    current = current->next) {

		/*
		 * check for contiguity
		 */
		if (current->end < end &&
		    (entry->next == &map->header ||
		     current->next->start > current->end)) {
			vm_map_unlock_read(map);
			return (ENOMEM);
		}

		/*
		 * ignore submaps (for now) or null objects
		 */
		if ((current->eflags & MAP_ENTRY_IS_SUB_MAP) ||
			current->object.vm_object == NULL)
			continue;

		/*
		 * limit this scan to the current map entry and the
		 * limits for the mincore call
		 */
		if (addr < current->start)
			addr = current->start;
		cend = current->end;
		if (cend > end)
			cend = end;

		/*
		 * scan this entry one page at a time
		 */
		while (addr < cend) {
			/*
			 * Check pmap first, it is likely faster, also
			 * it can provide info as to whether we are the
			 * one referencing or modifying the page.
			 */
			object = NULL;
			locked_pa = 0;
		retry:
			m = NULL;
			mincoreinfo = pmap_mincore(pmap, addr, &locked_pa);
			if (locked_pa != 0) {
				/*
				 * The page is mapped by this process but not
				 * both accessed and modified.  It is also
				 * managed.  Acquire the object lock so that
				 * other mappings might be examined.
				 */
				m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(locked_pa);
				if (m->object != object) {
					if (object != NULL)
						VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
					object = m->object;
					locked = VM_OBJECT_TRYWLOCK(object);
					vm_page_unlock(m);
					if (!locked) {
						VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(object);
						vm_page_lock(m);
						goto retry;
					}
				} else
					vm_page_unlock(m);
				KASSERT(m->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
				    ("mincore: page %p is mapped but invalid",
				    m));
			} else if (mincoreinfo == 0) {
				/*
				 * The page is not mapped by this process.  If
				 * the object implements managed pages, then
				 * determine if the page is resident so that
				 * the mappings might be examined.
				 */
				if (current->object.vm_object != object) {
					if (object != NULL)
						VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
					object = current->object.vm_object;
					VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(object);
				}
				if (object->type == OBJT_DEFAULT ||
				    object->type == OBJT_SWAP ||
				    object->type == OBJT_VNODE) {
					pindex = OFF_TO_IDX(current->offset +
					    (addr - current->start));
					m = vm_page_lookup(object, pindex);
					if (m == NULL &&
					    vm_page_is_cached(object, pindex))
						mincoreinfo = MINCORE_INCORE;
					if (m != NULL && m->valid == 0)
						m = NULL;
					if (m != NULL)
						mincoreinfo = MINCORE_INCORE;
				}
			}
			if (m != NULL) {
				/* Examine other mappings to the page. */
				if (m->dirty == 0 && pmap_is_modified(m))
					vm_page_dirty(m);
				if (m->dirty != 0)
					mincoreinfo |= MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER;
				/*
				 * The first test for PGA_REFERENCED is an
				 * optimization.  The second test is
				 * required because a concurrent pmap
				 * operation could clear the last reference
				 * and set PGA_REFERENCED before the call to
				 * pmap_is_referenced().
				 */
				if ((m->aflags & PGA_REFERENCED) != 0 ||
				    pmap_is_referenced(m) ||
				    (m->aflags & PGA_REFERENCED) != 0)
					mincoreinfo |= MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER;
			}
			if (object != NULL)
				VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);

			/*
			 * subyte may page fault.  In case it needs to modify
			 * the map, we release the lock.
			 */
			vm_map_unlock_read(map);

			/*
			 * calculate index into user supplied byte vector
			 */
			vecindex = OFF_TO_IDX(addr - first_addr);

			/*
			 * If we have skipped map entries, we need to make sure that
			 * the byte vector is zeroed for those skipped entries.
			 */
			while ((lastvecindex + 1) < vecindex) {
				error = subyte(vec + lastvecindex, 0);
				if (error) {
					error = EFAULT;
					goto done2;
				}
				++lastvecindex;
			}

			/*
			 * Pass the page information to the user
			 */
			error = subyte(vec + vecindex, mincoreinfo);
			if (error) {
				error = EFAULT;
				goto done2;
			}

			/*
			 * If the map has changed, due to the subyte, the previous
			 * output may be invalid.
			 */
			vm_map_lock_read(map);
			if (timestamp != map->timestamp)
				goto RestartScan;

			lastvecindex = vecindex;
			addr += PAGE_SIZE;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * subyte may page fault.  In case it needs to modify
	 * the map, we release the lock.
	 */
	vm_map_unlock_read(map);

	/*
	 * Zero the last entries in the byte vector.
	 */
	vecindex = OFF_TO_IDX(end - first_addr);
	while ((lastvecindex + 1) < vecindex) {
		error = subyte(vec + lastvecindex, 0);
		if (error) {
			error = EFAULT;
			goto done2;
		}
		++lastvecindex;
	}

	/*
	 * If the map has changed, due to the subyte, the previous
	 * output may be invalid.
	 */
	vm_map_lock_read(map);
	if (timestamp != map->timestamp)
		goto RestartScan;
	vm_map_unlock_read(map);
done2:
	return (error);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct mlock_args {
	const void *addr;
	size_t len;
};
#endif
/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_mlock(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct mlock_args *uap;
{
	struct proc *proc;
	vm_offset_t addr, end, last, start;
	vm_size_t npages, size;
	vm_map_t map;
	unsigned long nsize;
	int error;

	error = priv_check(td, PRIV_VM_MLOCK);
	if (error)
		return (error);
	addr = (vm_offset_t)uap->addr;
	size = uap->len;
	last = addr + size;
	start = trunc_page(addr);
	end = round_page(last);
	if (last < addr || end < addr)
		return (EINVAL);
	npages = atop(end - start);
	if (npages > vm_page_max_wired)
		return (ENOMEM);
	proc = td->td_proc;
	map = &proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;
	PROC_LOCK(proc);
	nsize = ptoa(npages + pmap_wired_count(map->pmap));
	if (nsize > lim_cur(proc, RLIMIT_MEMLOCK)) {
		PROC_UNLOCK(proc);
		return (ENOMEM);
	}
	PROC_UNLOCK(proc);
	if (npages + cnt.v_wire_count > vm_page_max_wired)
		return (EAGAIN);
#ifdef RACCT
	PROC_LOCK(proc);
	error = racct_set(proc, RACCT_MEMLOCK, nsize);
	PROC_UNLOCK(proc);
	if (error != 0)
		return (ENOMEM);
#endif
	error = vm_map_wire(map, start, end,
	    VM_MAP_WIRE_USER | VM_MAP_WIRE_NOHOLES);
#ifdef RACCT
	if (error != KERN_SUCCESS) {
		PROC_LOCK(proc);
		racct_set(proc, RACCT_MEMLOCK,
		    ptoa(pmap_wired_count(map->pmap)));
		PROC_UNLOCK(proc);
	}
#endif
	return (error == KERN_SUCCESS ? 0 : ENOMEM);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct mlockall_args {
	int	how;
};
#endif

/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_mlockall(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct mlockall_args *uap;
{
	vm_map_t map;
	int error;

	map = &td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;
	error = priv_check(td, PRIV_VM_MLOCK);
	if (error)
		return (error);

	if ((uap->how == 0) || ((uap->how & ~(MCL_CURRENT|MCL_FUTURE)) != 0))
		return (EINVAL);

	/*
	 * If wiring all pages in the process would cause it to exceed
	 * a hard resource limit, return ENOMEM.
	 */
	if (!old_mlock && uap->how & MCL_CURRENT) {
		PROC_LOCK(td->td_proc);
		if (map->size > lim_cur(td->td_proc, RLIMIT_MEMLOCK)) {
			PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
			return (ENOMEM);
		}
		PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
	}
#ifdef RACCT
	PROC_LOCK(td->td_proc);
	error = racct_set(td->td_proc, RACCT_MEMLOCK, map->size);
	PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
	if (error != 0)
		return (ENOMEM);
#endif

	if (uap->how & MCL_FUTURE) {
		vm_map_lock(map);
		vm_map_modflags(map, MAP_WIREFUTURE, 0);
		vm_map_unlock(map);
		error = 0;
	}

	if (uap->how & MCL_CURRENT) {
		/*
		 * P1003.1-2001 mandates that all currently mapped pages
		 * will be memory resident and locked (wired) upon return
		 * from mlockall(). vm_map_wire() will wire pages, by
		 * calling vm_fault_wire() for each page in the region.
		 */
		error = vm_map_wire(map, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map),
		    VM_MAP_WIRE_USER|VM_MAP_WIRE_HOLESOK);
		error = (error == KERN_SUCCESS ? 0 : EAGAIN);
	}
#ifdef RACCT
	if (error != KERN_SUCCESS) {
		PROC_LOCK(td->td_proc);
		racct_set(td->td_proc, RACCT_MEMLOCK,
		    ptoa(pmap_wired_count(map->pmap)));
		PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
	}
#endif

	return (error);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct munlockall_args {
	register_t dummy;
};
#endif

/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_munlockall(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct munlockall_args *uap;
{
	vm_map_t map;
	int error;

	map = &td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;
	error = priv_check(td, PRIV_VM_MUNLOCK);
	if (error)
		return (error);

	/* Clear the MAP_WIREFUTURE flag from this vm_map. */
	vm_map_lock(map);
	vm_map_modflags(map, 0, MAP_WIREFUTURE);
	vm_map_unlock(map);

	/* Forcibly unwire all pages. */
	error = vm_map_unwire(map, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map),
	    VM_MAP_WIRE_USER|VM_MAP_WIRE_HOLESOK);
#ifdef RACCT
	if (error == KERN_SUCCESS) {
		PROC_LOCK(td->td_proc);
		racct_set(td->td_proc, RACCT_MEMLOCK, 0);
		PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
	}
#endif

	return (error);
}

#ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
struct munlock_args {
	const void *addr;
	size_t len;
};
#endif
/*
 * MPSAFE
 */
int
sys_munlock(td, uap)
	struct thread *td;
	struct munlock_args *uap;
{
	vm_offset_t addr, end, last, start;
	vm_size_t size;
	int error;

	error = priv_check(td, PRIV_VM_MUNLOCK);
	if (error)
		return (error);
	addr = (vm_offset_t)uap->addr;
	size = uap->len;
	last = addr + size;
	start = trunc_page(addr);
	end = round_page(last);
	if (last < addr || end < addr)
		return (EINVAL);
	error = vm_map_unwire(&td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map, start, end,
	    VM_MAP_WIRE_USER | VM_MAP_WIRE_NOHOLES);
#ifdef RACCT
	if (error == KERN_SUCCESS) {
		PROC_LOCK(td->td_proc);
		racct_sub(td->td_proc, RACCT_MEMLOCK, ptoa(end - start));
		PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
	}
#endif
	return (error == KERN_SUCCESS ? 0 : ENOMEM);
}

/*
 * vm_mmap_vnode()
 *
 * Helper function for vm_mmap.  Perform sanity check specific for mmap
 * operations on vnodes.
 *
 * For VCHR vnodes, the vnode lock is held over the call to
 * vm_mmap_cdev() to keep vp->v_rdev valid.
 */
int
vm_mmap_vnode(struct thread *td, vm_size_t objsize,
    vm_prot_t prot, vm_prot_t *maxprotp, int *flagsp,
    struct vnode *vp, vm_ooffset_t *foffp, vm_object_t *objp,
    boolean_t *writecounted)
{
	struct vattr va;
	vm_object_t obj;
	vm_offset_t foff;
	struct mount *mp;
	struct ucred *cred;
	int error, flags, locktype;

	mp = vp->v_mount;
	cred = td->td_ucred;
	if ((*maxprotp & VM_PROT_WRITE) && (*flagsp & MAP_SHARED))
		locktype = LK_EXCLUSIVE;
	else
		locktype = LK_SHARED;
	if ((error = vget(vp, locktype, td)) != 0)
		return (error);
	foff = *foffp;
	flags = *flagsp;
	obj = vp->v_object;
	if (vp->v_type == VREG) {
		/*
		 * Get the proper underlying object
		 */
		if (obj == NULL) {
			error = EINVAL;
			goto done;
		}
		if (obj->handle != vp) {
			vput(vp);
			vp = (struct vnode *)obj->handle;
			/*
			 * Bypass filesystems obey the mpsafety of the
			 * underlying fs.
			 */
			error = vget(vp, locktype, td);
			if (error != 0)
				return (error);
		}
		if (locktype == LK_EXCLUSIVE) {
			*writecounted = TRUE;
			vnode_pager_update_writecount(obj, 0, objsize);
		}
	} else if (vp->v_type == VCHR) {
		error = vm_mmap_cdev(td, objsize, prot, maxprotp, flagsp,
		    vp->v_rdev, foffp, objp);
		if (error == 0)
			goto mark_atime;
		goto done;
	} else {
		error = EINVAL;
		goto done;
	}
	if ((error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &va, cred)))
		goto done;
#ifdef MAC
	error = mac_vnode_check_mmap(cred, vp, prot, flags);
	if (error != 0)
		goto done;
#endif
	if ((flags & MAP_SHARED) != 0) {
		if ((va.va_flags & (SF_SNAPSHOT|IMMUTABLE|APPEND)) != 0) {
			if (prot & PROT_WRITE) {
				error = EPERM;
				goto done;
			}
			*maxprotp &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
		}
	}
	/*
	 * If it is a regular file without any references
	 * we do not need to sync it.
	 * Adjust object size to be the size of actual file.
	 */
	objsize = round_page(va.va_size);
	if (va.va_nlink == 0)
		flags |= MAP_NOSYNC;
	obj = vm_pager_allocate(OBJT_VNODE, vp, objsize, prot, foff, cred);
	if (obj == NULL) {
		error = ENOMEM;
		goto done;
	}
	*objp = obj;
	*flagsp = flags;

mark_atime:
	vfs_mark_atime(vp, cred);

done:
	vput(vp);
	return (error);
}

/*
 * vm_mmap_cdev()
 *
 * MPSAFE
 *
 * Helper function for vm_mmap.  Perform sanity check specific for mmap
 * operations on cdevs.
 */
int
vm_mmap_cdev(struct thread *td, vm_size_t objsize,
    vm_prot_t prot, vm_prot_t *maxprotp, int *flagsp,
    struct cdev *cdev, vm_ooffset_t *foff, vm_object_t *objp)
{
	vm_object_t obj;
	struct cdevsw *dsw;
	int error, flags, ref;

	flags = *flagsp;

	dsw = dev_refthread(cdev, &ref);
	if (dsw == NULL)
		return (ENXIO);
	if (dsw->d_flags & D_MMAP_ANON) {
		dev_relthread(cdev, ref);
		*maxprotp = VM_PROT_ALL;
		*flagsp |= MAP_ANON;
		return (0);
	}
	/*
	 * cdevs do not provide private mappings of any kind.
	 */
	if ((*maxprotp & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0 &&
	    (prot & PROT_WRITE) != 0) {
		dev_relthread(cdev, ref);
		return (EACCES);
	}
	if (flags & (MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_COPY)) {
		dev_relthread(cdev, ref);
		return (EINVAL);
	}
	/*
	 * Force device mappings to be shared.
	 */
	flags |= MAP_SHARED;
#ifdef MAC_XXX
	error = mac_cdev_check_mmap(td->td_ucred, cdev, prot);
	if (error != 0) {
		dev_relthread(cdev, ref);
		return (error);
	}
#endif
	/*
	 * First, try d_mmap_single().  If that is not implemented
	 * (returns ENODEV), fall back to using the device pager.
	 * Note that d_mmap_single() must return a reference to the
	 * object (it needs to bump the reference count of the object
	 * it returns somehow).
	 *
	 * XXX assumes VM_PROT_* == PROT_*
	 */
	error = dsw->d_mmap_single(cdev, foff, objsize, objp, (int)prot);
	dev_relthread(cdev, ref);
	if (error != ENODEV)
		return (error);
	obj = vm_pager_allocate(OBJT_DEVICE, cdev, objsize, prot, *foff,
	    td->td_ucred);
	if (obj == NULL)
		return (EINVAL);
	*objp = obj;
	*flagsp = flags;
	return (0);
}

/*
 * vm_mmap_shm()
 *
 * MPSAFE
 *
 * Helper function for vm_mmap.  Perform sanity check specific for mmap
 * operations on shm file descriptors.
 */
int
vm_mmap_shm(struct thread *td, vm_size_t objsize,
    vm_prot_t prot, vm_prot_t *maxprotp, int *flagsp,
    struct shmfd *shmfd, vm_ooffset_t foff, vm_object_t *objp)
{
	int error;

	if ((*flagsp & MAP_SHARED) != 0 &&
	    (*maxprotp & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0 &&
	    (prot & PROT_WRITE) != 0)
		return (EACCES);
#ifdef MAC
	error = mac_posixshm_check_mmap(td->td_ucred, shmfd, prot, *flagsp);
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);
#endif
	error = shm_mmap(shmfd, objsize, foff, objp);
	if (error)
		return (error);
	return (0);
}

/*
 * vm_mmap()
 *
 * MPSAFE
 *
 * Internal version of mmap.  Currently used by mmap, exec, and sys5
 * shared memory.  Handle is either a vnode pointer or NULL for MAP_ANON.
 */
int
vm_mmap(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t *addr, vm_size_t size, vm_prot_t prot,
	vm_prot_t maxprot, int flags,
	objtype_t handle_type, void *handle,
	vm_ooffset_t foff)
{
	boolean_t fitit;
	vm_object_t object = NULL;
	struct thread *td = curthread;
	int docow, error, rv;
	boolean_t writecounted;

	if (size == 0)
		return (0);

	size = round_page(size);

	if (map == &td->td_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map) {
		PROC_LOCK(td->td_proc);
		if (map->size + size > lim_cur(td->td_proc, RLIMIT_VMEM)) {
			PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
			return (ENOMEM);
		}
		if (racct_set(td->td_proc, RACCT_VMEM, map->size + size)) {
			PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
			return (ENOMEM);
		}
		if (!old_mlock && map->flags & MAP_WIREFUTURE) {
			if (ptoa(pmap_wired_count(map->pmap)) + size >
			    lim_cur(td->td_proc, RLIMIT_MEMLOCK)) {
				racct_set_force(td->td_proc, RACCT_VMEM,
				    map->size);
				PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
				return (ENOMEM);
			}
			error = racct_set(td->td_proc, RACCT_MEMLOCK,
			    ptoa(pmap_wired_count(map->pmap)) + size);
			if (error != 0) {
				racct_set_force(td->td_proc, RACCT_VMEM,
				    map->size);
				PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
				return (error);
			}
		}
		PROC_UNLOCK(td->td_proc);
	}

	/*
	 * We currently can only deal with page aligned file offsets.
	 * The check is here rather than in the syscall because the
	 * kernel calls this function internally for other mmaping
	 * operations (such as in exec) and non-aligned offsets will
	 * cause pmap inconsistencies...so we want to be sure to
	 * disallow this in all cases.
	 */
	if (foff & PAGE_MASK)
		return (EINVAL);

	if ((flags & MAP_FIXED) == 0) {
		fitit = TRUE;
		*addr = round_page(*addr);
	} else {
		if (*addr != trunc_page(*addr))
			return (EINVAL);
		fitit = FALSE;
	}
	writecounted = FALSE;

	/*
	 * Lookup/allocate object.
	 */
	switch (handle_type) {
	case OBJT_DEVICE:
		error = vm_mmap_cdev(td, size, prot, &maxprot, &flags,
		    handle, &foff, &object);
		break;
	case OBJT_VNODE:
		error = vm_mmap_vnode(td, size, prot, &maxprot, &flags,
		    handle, &foff, &object, &writecounted);
		break;
	case OBJT_SWAP:
		error = vm_mmap_shm(td, size, prot, &maxprot, &flags,
		    handle, foff, &object);
		break;
	case OBJT_DEFAULT:
		if (handle == NULL) {
			error = 0;
			break;
		}
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	default:
		error = EINVAL;
		break;
	}
	if (error)
		return (error);
	if (flags & MAP_ANON) {
		object = NULL;
		docow = 0;
		/*
		 * Unnamed anonymous regions always start at 0.
		 */
		if (handle == 0)
			foff = 0;
	} else if (flags & MAP_PREFAULT_READ)
		docow = MAP_PREFAULT;
	else
		docow = MAP_PREFAULT_PARTIAL;

	if ((flags & (MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED)) == 0)
		docow |= MAP_COPY_ON_WRITE;
	if (flags & MAP_NOSYNC)
		docow |= MAP_DISABLE_SYNCER;
	if (flags & MAP_NOCORE)
		docow |= MAP_DISABLE_COREDUMP;
	/* Shared memory is also shared with children. */
	if (flags & MAP_SHARED)
		docow |= MAP_INHERIT_SHARE;
	if (writecounted)
		docow |= MAP_VN_WRITECOUNT;

	if (flags & MAP_STACK)
		rv = vm_map_stack(map, *addr, size, prot, maxprot,
		    docow | MAP_STACK_GROWS_DOWN);
	else if (fitit)
		rv = vm_map_find(map, object, foff, addr, size,
		    object != NULL && object->type == OBJT_DEVICE ?
		    VMFS_ALIGNED_SPACE : VMFS_ANY_SPACE, prot, maxprot, docow);
	else
		rv = vm_map_fixed(map, object, foff, *addr, size,
				 prot, maxprot, docow);

	if (rv == KERN_SUCCESS) {
		/*
		 * If the process has requested that all future mappings
		 * be wired, then heed this.
		 */
		if (map->flags & MAP_WIREFUTURE) {
			vm_map_wire(map, *addr, *addr + size,
			    VM_MAP_WIRE_USER | ((flags & MAP_STACK) ?
			    VM_MAP_WIRE_HOLESOK : VM_MAP_WIRE_NOHOLES));
		}
	} else {
		/*
		 * If this mapping was accounted for in the vnode's
		 * writecount, then undo that now.
		 */
		if (writecounted)
			vnode_pager_release_writecount(object, 0, size);
		/*
		 * Lose the object reference.  Will destroy the
		 * object if it's an unnamed anonymous mapping
		 * or named anonymous without other references.
		 */
		vm_object_deallocate(object);
	}
	return (vm_mmap_to_errno(rv));
}

/*
 * Translate a Mach VM return code to zero on success or the appropriate errno
 * on failure.
 */
int
vm_mmap_to_errno(int rv)
{

	switch (rv) {
	case KERN_SUCCESS:
		return (0);
	case KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS:
	case KERN_NO_SPACE:
		return (ENOMEM);
	case KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE:
		return (EACCES);
	default:
		return (EINVAL);
	}
}