xref: /freebsd/sys/vm/uma.h (revision c17d43407fe04133a94055b0dbc7ea8965654a9f)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002, Jeffrey Roberson <jroberson@chesapeake.net>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
10  *    disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  *
28  */
29 
30 /*
31  * uma.h - External definitions for the Universal Memory Allocator
32  *
33  * Jeff Roberson <jroberson@chesapeake.net>
34 */
35 
36 #ifndef VM_UMA_H
37 #define VM_UMA_H
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>		/* For NULL */
40 #include <sys/malloc.h>		/* For M_* */
41 
42 /* User visable parameters */
43 #define UMA_SMALLEST_UNIT       (PAGE_SIZE / 256) /* Smallest item allocated */
44 
45 /* Types and type defs */
46 
47 struct uma_zone;
48 /* Opaque type used as a handle to the zone */
49 typedef struct uma_zone * uma_zone_t;
50 
51 /*
52  * Item constructor
53  *
54  * Arguments:
55  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
56  *	arg   The arg field passed to uma_zalloc_arg
57  *	size  The size of the allocated item
58  *
59  * Returns:
60  *	Nothing
61  *
62  * Discussion:
63  *	The constructor is called just before the memory is returned
64  *	to the user. It may block if neccisary.
65  */
66 typedef void (*uma_ctor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg);
67 
68 /*
69  * Item destructor
70  *
71  * Arguments:
72  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
73  *	size  The size of the item being destructed.
74  *	arg   Argument passed through uma_zfree_arg
75  *
76  * Returns:
77  *	Nothing
78  *
79  * Discussion:
80  *	The destructor may perform operations that differ from those performed
81  *	by the initializer, but it must leave the object in the same state.
82  *	This IS type stable storage.  This is called after EVERY zfree call.
83  */
84 typedef void (*uma_dtor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg);
85 
86 /*
87  * Item initializer
88  *
89  * Arguments:
90  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
91  *	size  The size of the item being initialized.
92  *
93  * Returns:
94  *	Nothing
95  *
96  * Discussion:
97  *	The initializer is called when the memory is cached in the uma zone.
98  *	this should be the same state that the destructor leaves the object in.
99  */
100 typedef void (*uma_init)(void *mem, int size);
101 
102 /*
103  * Item discard function
104  *
105  * Arguments:
106  * 	item  A pointer to memory which has been 'freed' but has not left the
107  *	      zone's cache.
108  *	size  The size of the item being discarded.
109  *
110  * Returns:
111  *	Nothing
112  *
113  * Discussion:
114  *	This routine is called when memory leaves a zone and is returned to the
115  *	system for other uses.  It is the counter part to the init function.
116  */
117 typedef void (*uma_fini)(void *mem, int size);
118 
119 /*
120  * What's the difference between initializing and constructing?
121  *
122  * The item is initialized when it is cached, and this is the state that the
123  * object should be in when returned to the allocator. The purpose of this is
124  * to remove some code which would otherwise be called on each allocation by
125  * utilizing a known, stable state.  This differs from the constructor which
126  * will be called on EVERY allocation.
127  *
128  * For example, in the initializer you may want to initialize embeded locks,
129  * NULL list pointers, set up initial states, magic numbers, etc.  This way if
130  * the object is held in the allocator and re-used it won't be neccisary to
131  * re-initialize it.
132  *
133  * The constructor may be used to lock a data structure, link it on to lists,
134  * bump reference counts or total counts of outstanding structures, etc.
135  *
136  */
137 
138 
139 /* Function proto types */
140 
141 /*
142  * Create a new uma zone
143  *
144  * Arguments:
145  *	name  The text name of the zone for debugging and stats, this memory
146  *		should not be freed until the zone has been deallocated.
147  *	size  The size of the object that is being created.
148  *	ctor  The constructor that is called when the object is allocated
149  *	dtor  The destructor that is called when the object is freed.
150  *	init  An initializer that sets up the initial state of the memory.
151  *	fini  A discard function that undoes initialization done by init.
152  *		ctor/dtor/init/fini may all be null, see notes above.
153  *	align A bitmask that corisponds to the requested alignment
154  *		eg 4 would be 0x3
155  *	flags A set of parameters that control the behavior of the zone
156  *
157  * Returns:
158  *	A pointer to a structure which is intended to be opaque to users of
159  *	the interface.  The value may be null if the wait flag is not set.
160  */
161 
162 uma_zone_t uma_zcreate(char *name, int size, uma_ctor ctor, uma_dtor dtor,
163 			uma_init uminit, uma_fini fini, int align,
164 			u_int16_t flags);
165 
166 /* Definitions for uma_zcreate flags */
167 #define UMA_ZONE_PAGEABLE	0x0001	/* Return items not fully backed by
168 					   physical memory XXX Not yet */
169 #define UMA_ZONE_ZINIT		0x0002	/* Initialize with zeros */
170 #define UMA_ZONE_STATIC		0x0004	/* Staticly sized zone */
171 #define UMA_ZONE_OFFPAGE	0x0008	/* Force the slab structure allocation
172 					   off of the real memory */
173 #define UMA_ZONE_MALLOC		0x0010	/* For use by malloc(9) only! */
174 #define UMA_ZONE_NOFREE		0x0020	/* Do not free slabs of this type! */
175 
176 /* Definitions for align */
177 #define UMA_ALIGN_PTR	(sizeof(void *) - 1)	/* Alignment fit for ptr */
178 #define UMA_ALIGN_LONG	(sizeof(long) - 1)	/* "" long */
179 #define UMA_ALIGN_INT	(sizeof(int) - 1)	/* "" int */
180 #define UMA_ALIGN_SHORT	(sizeof(short) - 1)	/* "" short */
181 #define UMA_ALIGN_CHAR	(sizeof(char) - 1)	/* "" char */
182 #define UMA_ALIGN_CACHE	(16 - 1)		/* Cache line size align */
183 
184 /*
185  * Destroys a uma zone
186  *
187  * Arguments:
188  *	zone  The zone we want to destroy.
189  *	wait  This flag indicates whether or not we should wait for all
190  *		allocations to free, or return an errno on outstanding memory.
191  *
192  * Returns:
193  *	0 on successful completion, or EWOULDBLOCK if there are outstanding
194  *	allocations and the wait flag is M_NOWAIT
195  */
196 
197 int uma_zdestroy(uma_zone_t zone, int wait);
198 
199 /*
200  * Allocates an item out of a zone
201  *
202  * Arguments:
203  *	zone  The zone we are allocating from
204  *	arg   This data is passed to the ctor function
205  *	wait  This flag indicates whether or not we are allowed to block while
206  *		allocating memory for this zone should we run out.
207  *
208  * Returns:
209  *	A non null pointer to an initialized element from the zone is
210  *	garanteed if the wait flag is M_WAITOK, otherwise a null pointer may be
211  *	returned if the zone is empty or the ctor failed.
212  */
213 
214 void *uma_zalloc_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *arg, int wait);
215 
216 /*
217  * Allocates an item out of a zone without supplying an argument
218  *
219  * This is just a wrapper for uma_zalloc_arg for convenience.
220  *
221  */
222 static __inline void *uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int wait);
223 
224 static __inline void *
225 uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int wait)
226 {
227 	return uma_zalloc_arg(zone, NULL, wait);
228 }
229 
230 /*
231  * Frees an item back into the specified zone.
232  *
233  * Arguments:
234  *	zone  The zone the item was originally allocated out of.
235  *	item  The memory to be freed.
236  *	arg   Argument passed to the destructor
237  *
238  * Returns:
239  *	Nothing.
240  */
241 
242 void uma_zfree_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *item, void *arg);
243 
244 /*
245  * Frees an item back to a zone without supplying an argument
246  *
247  * This is just a wrapper for uma_zfree_arg for convenience.
248  *
249  */
250 static __inline void uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item);
251 
252 static __inline void
253 uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item)
254 {
255 	return uma_zfree_arg(zone, item, NULL);
256 }
257 
258 /*
259  * XXX The rest of the prototypes in this header are h0h0 magic for the VM.
260  * If you think you need to use it for a normal zone you're probably incorrect.
261  */
262 
263 /*
264  * Backend page supplier routines
265  *
266  * Arguments:
267  *	zone  The zone that is requesting pages
268  *	size  The number of bytes being requested
269  *	pflag Flags for these memory pages, see below.
270  *	wait  Indicates our willingness to block.
271  *
272  * Returns:
273  *	A pointer to the alloced memory or NULL on failure.
274  */
275 
276 typedef void *(*uma_alloc)(uma_zone_t zone, int size, u_int8_t *pflag, int wait);
277 
278 /*
279  * Backend page free routines
280  *
281  * Arguments:
282  *	item  A pointer to the previously allocated pages
283  *	size  The original size of the allocation
284  *	pflag The flags for the slab.  See UMA_SLAB_* below
285  *
286  * Returns:
287  *	None
288  */
289 typedef void (*uma_free)(void *item, int size, u_int8_t pflag);
290 
291 
292 
293 /*
294  * Sets up the uma allocator. (Called by vm_mem_init)
295  *
296  * Arguments:
297  *	bootmem  A pointer to memory used to bootstrap the system.
298  *
299  * Returns:
300  *	Nothing
301  *
302  * Discussion:
303  *	This memory is used for zones which allocate things before the
304  *	backend page supplier can give us pages.  It should be
305  *	UMA_SLAB_SIZE * UMA_BOOT_PAGES bytes. (see uma_int.h)
306  *
307  */
308 
309 void uma_startup(void *bootmem);
310 
311 /*
312  * Finishes starting up the allocator.  This should
313  * be called when kva is ready for normal allocs.
314  *
315  * Arguments:
316  *	hash   An area of memory that will become the malloc hash
317  *	elems  The number of elements in this array
318  *
319  * Returns:
320  *	Nothing
321  *
322  * Discussion:
323  *	uma_startup2 is called by kmeminit() to prepare the malloc
324  *	hash bucket, and enable use of uma for malloc ops.
325  */
326 
327 void uma_startup2(void *hash, u_long elems);
328 
329 /*
330  * Reclaims unused memory for all zones
331  *
332  * Arguments:
333  *	None
334  * Returns:
335  *	None
336  *
337  * This should only be called by the page out daemon.
338  */
339 
340 void uma_reclaim(void);
341 
342 /*
343  * Switches the backing object of a zone
344  *
345  * Arguments:
346  *	zone  The zone to update
347  *	obj   The obj to use for future allocations
348  *	size  The size of the object to allocate
349  *
350  * Returns:
351  *	0  if kva space can not be allocated
352  *	1  if successful
353  *
354  * Discussion:
355  *	A NULL object can be used and uma will allocate one for you.  Setting
356  *	the size will limit the amount of memory allocated to this zone.
357  *
358  */
359 struct vm_object;
360 int uma_zone_set_obj(uma_zone_t zone, struct vm_object *obj, int size);
361 
362 /*
363  * Sets a high limit on the number of items allowed in a zone
364  *
365  * Arguments:
366  *	zone  The zone to limit
367  *
368  * Returns:
369  *	Nothing
370  */
371 void uma_zone_set_max(uma_zone_t zone, int nitems);
372 
373 /*
374  * Replaces the standard page_alloc or obj_alloc functions for this zone
375  *
376  * Arguments:
377  *	zone   The zone whos back end allocator is being changed.
378  *	allocf A pointer to the allocation function
379  *
380  * Returns:
381  *	Nothing
382  *
383  * Discussion:
384  *	This could be used to implement pageable allocation, or perhaps
385  *	even DMA allocators if used in conjunction with the OFFPAGE
386  *	zone flag.
387  */
388 
389 void uma_zone_set_allocf(uma_zone_t zone, uma_alloc allocf);
390 
391 /*
392  * Used for freeing memory provided by the allocf above
393  *
394  * Arguments:
395  *	zone  The zone that intends to use this free routine.
396  *	freef The page freeing routine.
397  *
398  * Returns:
399  *	Nothing
400  */
401 
402 void uma_zone_set_freef(uma_zone_t zone, uma_free freef);
403 
404 /*
405  * These flags are setable in the allocf and visable in the freef.
406  */
407 #define UMA_SLAB_BOOT	0x01		/* Slab alloced from boot pages */
408 #define UMA_SLAB_KMEM	0x02		/* Slab alloced from kmem_map */
409 #define UMA_SLAB_KMAP	0x04		/* Slab alloced from kernel_map */
410 #define UMA_SLAB_PRIV	0x08		/* Slab alloced from priv allocator */
411 #define UMA_SLAB_OFFP	0x10		/* Slab is managed seperately  */
412 #define UMA_SLAB_MALLOC	0x20		/* Slab is a large malloc slab */
413 /* 0x40 and 0x80 are available */
414 
415 /*
416  * Used to pre-fill a zone with some number of items
417  *
418  * Arguments:
419  *	zone    The zone to fill
420  *	itemcnt The number of items to reserve
421  *
422  * Returns:
423  *	Nothing
424  *
425  * NOTE: This is blocking and should only be done at startup
426  */
427 void uma_prealloc(uma_zone_t zone, int itemcnt);
428 
429 
430 #endif
431