xref: /freebsd/sys/vm/uma.h (revision b52b9d56d4e96089873a75f9e29062eec19fabba)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002, Jeffrey Roberson <jroberson@chesapeake.net>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
10  *    disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  *
28  */
29 
30 /*
31  * uma.h - External definitions for the Universal Memory Allocator
32  *
33  * Jeff Roberson <jroberson@chesapeake.net>
34 */
35 
36 #ifndef VM_UMA_H
37 #define VM_UMA_H
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>		/* For NULL */
40 #include <sys/malloc.h>		/* For M_* */
41 
42 /* User visable parameters */
43 #define UMA_SMALLEST_UNIT       (PAGE_SIZE / 256) /* Smallest item allocated */
44 
45 /* Types and type defs */
46 
47 struct uma_zone;
48 /* Opaque type used as a handle to the zone */
49 typedef struct uma_zone * uma_zone_t;
50 
51 /*
52  * Item constructor
53  *
54  * Arguments:
55  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
56  *	arg   The arg field passed to uma_zalloc_arg
57  *	size  The size of the allocated item
58  *
59  * Returns:
60  *	Nothing
61  *
62  * Discussion:
63  *	The constructor is called just before the memory is returned
64  *	to the user. It may block if neccisary.
65  */
66 typedef void (*uma_ctor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg);
67 
68 /*
69  * Item destructor
70  *
71  * Arguments:
72  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
73  *	size  The size of the item being destructed.
74  *	arg   Argument passed through uma_zfree_arg
75  *
76  * Returns:
77  *	Nothing
78  *
79  * Discussion:
80  *	The destructor may perform operations that differ from those performed
81  *	by the initializer, but it must leave the object in the same state.
82  *	This IS type stable storage.  This is called after EVERY zfree call.
83  */
84 typedef void (*uma_dtor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg);
85 
86 /*
87  * Item initializer
88  *
89  * Arguments:
90  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
91  *	size  The size of the item being initialized.
92  *
93  * Returns:
94  *	Nothing
95  *
96  * Discussion:
97  *	The initializer is called when the memory is cached in the uma zone.
98  *	this should be the same state that the destructor leaves the object in.
99  */
100 typedef void (*uma_init)(void *mem, int size);
101 
102 /*
103  * Item discard function
104  *
105  * Arguments:
106  * 	item  A pointer to memory which has been 'freed' but has not left the
107  *	      zone's cache.
108  *	size  The size of the item being discarded.
109  *
110  * Returns:
111  *	Nothing
112  *
113  * Discussion:
114  *	This routine is called when memory leaves a zone and is returned to the
115  *	system for other uses.  It is the counter part to the init function.
116  */
117 typedef void (*uma_fini)(void *mem, int size);
118 
119 /*
120  * What's the difference between initializing and constructing?
121  *
122  * The item is initialized when it is cached, and this is the state that the
123  * object should be in when returned to the allocator. The purpose of this is
124  * to remove some code which would otherwise be called on each allocation by
125  * utilizing a known, stable state.  This differs from the constructor which
126  * will be called on EVERY allocation.
127  *
128  * For example, in the initializer you may want to initialize embeded locks,
129  * NULL list pointers, set up initial states, magic numbers, etc.  This way if
130  * the object is held in the allocator and re-used it won't be neccisary to
131  * re-initialize it.
132  *
133  * The constructor may be used to lock a data structure, link it on to lists,
134  * bump reference counts or total counts of outstanding structures, etc.
135  *
136  */
137 
138 
139 /* Function proto types */
140 
141 /*
142  * Create a new uma zone
143  *
144  * Arguments:
145  *	name  The text name of the zone for debugging and stats, this memory
146  *		should not be freed until the zone has been deallocated.
147  *	size  The size of the object that is being created.
148  *	ctor  The constructor that is called when the object is allocated
149  *	dtor  The destructor that is called when the object is freed.
150  *	init  An initializer that sets up the initial state of the memory.
151  *	fini  A discard function that undoes initialization done by init.
152  *		ctor/dtor/init/fini may all be null, see notes above.
153  *	align A bitmask that corisponds to the requested alignment
154  *		eg 4 would be 0x3
155  *	flags A set of parameters that control the behavior of the zone
156  *
157  * Returns:
158  *	A pointer to a structure which is intended to be opaque to users of
159  *	the interface.  The value may be null if the wait flag is not set.
160  */
161 
162 uma_zone_t uma_zcreate(char *name, size_t size, uma_ctor ctor, uma_dtor dtor,
163 			uma_init uminit, uma_fini fini, int align,
164 			u_int16_t flags);
165 
166 /* Definitions for uma_zcreate flags */
167 #define UMA_ZONE_PAGEABLE	0x0001	/* Return items not fully backed by
168 					   physical memory XXX Not yet */
169 #define UMA_ZONE_ZINIT		0x0002	/* Initialize with zeros */
170 #define UMA_ZONE_STATIC		0x0004	/* Staticly sized zone */
171 #define UMA_ZONE_OFFPAGE	0x0008	/* Force the slab structure allocation
172 					   off of the real memory */
173 #define UMA_ZONE_MALLOC		0x0010	/* For use by malloc(9) only! */
174 #define UMA_ZONE_NOFREE		0x0020	/* Do not free slabs of this type! */
175 #define UMA_ZONE_MTXCLASS	0x0040	/* Create a new lock class */
176 #define	UMA_ZONE_VM		0x0080	/* Used for internal vm datastructures */
177 
178 /* Definitions for align */
179 #define UMA_ALIGN_PTR	(sizeof(void *) - 1)	/* Alignment fit for ptr */
180 #define UMA_ALIGN_LONG	(sizeof(long) - 1)	/* "" long */
181 #define UMA_ALIGN_INT	(sizeof(int) - 1)	/* "" int */
182 #define UMA_ALIGN_SHORT	(sizeof(short) - 1)	/* "" short */
183 #define UMA_ALIGN_CHAR	(sizeof(char) - 1)	/* "" char */
184 #define UMA_ALIGN_CACHE	(16 - 1)		/* Cache line size align */
185 
186 /*
187  * Destroys an empty uma zone.  If the zone is not empty uma complains loudly.
188  *
189  * Arguments:
190  *	zone  The zone we want to destroy.
191  *
192  */
193 
194 void uma_zdestroy(uma_zone_t zone);
195 
196 /*
197  * Allocates an item out of a zone
198  *
199  * Arguments:
200  *	zone  The zone we are allocating from
201  *	arg   This data is passed to the ctor function
202  *	flags See sys/malloc.h for available flags.
203  *
204  * Returns:
205  *	A non null pointer to an initialized element from the zone is
206  *	garanteed if the wait flag is M_WAITOK, otherwise a null pointer may be
207  *	returned if the zone is empty or the ctor failed.
208  */
209 
210 void *uma_zalloc_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *arg, int flags);
211 
212 /*
213  * Allocates an item out of a zone without supplying an argument
214  *
215  * This is just a wrapper for uma_zalloc_arg for convenience.
216  *
217  */
218 static __inline void *uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int flags);
219 
220 static __inline void *
221 uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int flags)
222 {
223 	return uma_zalloc_arg(zone, NULL, flags);
224 }
225 
226 /*
227  * Frees an item back into the specified zone.
228  *
229  * Arguments:
230  *	zone  The zone the item was originally allocated out of.
231  *	item  The memory to be freed.
232  *	arg   Argument passed to the destructor
233  *
234  * Returns:
235  *	Nothing.
236  */
237 
238 void uma_zfree_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *item, void *arg);
239 
240 /*
241  * Frees an item back to a zone without supplying an argument
242  *
243  * This is just a wrapper for uma_zfree_arg for convenience.
244  *
245  */
246 static __inline void uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item);
247 
248 static __inline void
249 uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item)
250 {
251 	uma_zfree_arg(zone, item, NULL);
252 }
253 
254 /*
255  * XXX The rest of the prototypes in this header are h0h0 magic for the VM.
256  * If you think you need to use it for a normal zone you're probably incorrect.
257  */
258 
259 /*
260  * Backend page supplier routines
261  *
262  * Arguments:
263  *	zone  The zone that is requesting pages
264  *	size  The number of bytes being requested
265  *	pflag Flags for these memory pages, see below.
266  *	wait  Indicates our willingness to block.
267  *
268  * Returns:
269  *	A pointer to the alloced memory or NULL on failure.
270  */
271 
272 typedef void *(*uma_alloc)(uma_zone_t zone, int size, u_int8_t *pflag, int wait);
273 
274 /*
275  * Backend page free routines
276  *
277  * Arguments:
278  *	item  A pointer to the previously allocated pages
279  *	size  The original size of the allocation
280  *	pflag The flags for the slab.  See UMA_SLAB_* below
281  *
282  * Returns:
283  *	None
284  */
285 typedef void (*uma_free)(void *item, int size, u_int8_t pflag);
286 
287 
288 
289 /*
290  * Sets up the uma allocator. (Called by vm_mem_init)
291  *
292  * Arguments:
293  *	bootmem  A pointer to memory used to bootstrap the system.
294  *
295  * Returns:
296  *	Nothing
297  *
298  * Discussion:
299  *	This memory is used for zones which allocate things before the
300  *	backend page supplier can give us pages.  It should be
301  *	UMA_SLAB_SIZE * UMA_BOOT_PAGES bytes. (see uma_int.h)
302  *
303  */
304 
305 void uma_startup(void *bootmem);
306 
307 /*
308  * Finishes starting up the allocator.  This should
309  * be called when kva is ready for normal allocs.
310  *
311  * Arguments:
312  *	hash   An area of memory that will become the malloc hash
313  *	elems  The number of elements in this array
314  *
315  * Returns:
316  *	Nothing
317  *
318  * Discussion:
319  *	uma_startup2 is called by kmeminit() to prepare the malloc
320  *	hash bucket, and enable use of uma for malloc ops.
321  */
322 
323 void uma_startup2(void *hash, u_long elems);
324 
325 /*
326  * Reclaims unused memory for all zones
327  *
328  * Arguments:
329  *	None
330  * Returns:
331  *	None
332  *
333  * This should only be called by the page out daemon.
334  */
335 
336 void uma_reclaim(void);
337 
338 /*
339  * Switches the backing object of a zone
340  *
341  * Arguments:
342  *	zone  The zone to update
343  *	obj   The obj to use for future allocations
344  *	size  The size of the object to allocate
345  *
346  * Returns:
347  *	0  if kva space can not be allocated
348  *	1  if successful
349  *
350  * Discussion:
351  *	A NULL object can be used and uma will allocate one for you.  Setting
352  *	the size will limit the amount of memory allocated to this zone.
353  *
354  */
355 struct vm_object;
356 int uma_zone_set_obj(uma_zone_t zone, struct vm_object *obj, int size);
357 
358 /*
359  * Sets a high limit on the number of items allowed in a zone
360  *
361  * Arguments:
362  *	zone  The zone to limit
363  *
364  * Returns:
365  *	Nothing
366  */
367 void uma_zone_set_max(uma_zone_t zone, int nitems);
368 
369 /*
370  * Replaces the standard page_alloc or obj_alloc functions for this zone
371  *
372  * Arguments:
373  *	zone   The zone whos back end allocator is being changed.
374  *	allocf A pointer to the allocation function
375  *
376  * Returns:
377  *	Nothing
378  *
379  * Discussion:
380  *	This could be used to implement pageable allocation, or perhaps
381  *	even DMA allocators if used in conjunction with the OFFPAGE
382  *	zone flag.
383  */
384 
385 void uma_zone_set_allocf(uma_zone_t zone, uma_alloc allocf);
386 
387 /*
388  * Used for freeing memory provided by the allocf above
389  *
390  * Arguments:
391  *	zone  The zone that intends to use this free routine.
392  *	freef The page freeing routine.
393  *
394  * Returns:
395  *	Nothing
396  */
397 
398 void uma_zone_set_freef(uma_zone_t zone, uma_free freef);
399 
400 /*
401  * These flags are setable in the allocf and visable in the freef.
402  */
403 #define UMA_SLAB_BOOT	0x01		/* Slab alloced from boot pages */
404 #define UMA_SLAB_KMEM	0x02		/* Slab alloced from kmem_map */
405 #define UMA_SLAB_PRIV	0x08		/* Slab alloced from priv allocator */
406 #define UMA_SLAB_OFFP	0x10		/* Slab is managed separately  */
407 #define UMA_SLAB_MALLOC	0x20		/* Slab is a large malloc slab */
408 /* 0x40 and 0x80 are available */
409 
410 /*
411  * Used to pre-fill a zone with some number of items
412  *
413  * Arguments:
414  *	zone    The zone to fill
415  *	itemcnt The number of items to reserve
416  *
417  * Returns:
418  *	Nothing
419  *
420  * NOTE: This is blocking and should only be done at startup
421  */
422 void uma_prealloc(uma_zone_t zone, int itemcnt);
423 
424 
425 #endif
426