xref: /freebsd/sys/vm/uma.h (revision 7660b554bc59a07be0431c17e0e33815818baa69)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002, Jeffrey Roberson <jeff@freebsd.org>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
10  *    disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  *
28  */
29 
30 /*
31  * uma.h - External definitions for the Universal Memory Allocator
32  *
33 */
34 
35 #ifndef VM_UMA_H
36 #define VM_UMA_H
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>		/* For NULL */
39 #include <sys/malloc.h>		/* For M_* */
40 
41 /* User visable parameters */
42 #define UMA_SMALLEST_UNIT       (PAGE_SIZE / 256) /* Smallest item allocated */
43 
44 /* Types and type defs */
45 
46 struct uma_zone;
47 /* Opaque type used as a handle to the zone */
48 typedef struct uma_zone * uma_zone_t;
49 
50 /*
51  * Item constructor
52  *
53  * Arguments:
54  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
55  *	arg   The arg field passed to uma_zalloc_arg
56  *	size  The size of the allocated item
57  *
58  * Returns:
59  *	Nothing
60  *
61  * Discussion:
62  *	The constructor is called just before the memory is returned
63  *	to the user. It may block if necessary.
64  */
65 typedef void (*uma_ctor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg);
66 
67 /*
68  * Item destructor
69  *
70  * Arguments:
71  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
72  *	size  The size of the item being destructed.
73  *	arg   Argument passed through uma_zfree_arg
74  *
75  * Returns:
76  *	Nothing
77  *
78  * Discussion:
79  *	The destructor may perform operations that differ from those performed
80  *	by the initializer, but it must leave the object in the same state.
81  *	This IS type stable storage.  This is called after EVERY zfree call.
82  */
83 typedef void (*uma_dtor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg);
84 
85 /*
86  * Item initializer
87  *
88  * Arguments:
89  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
90  *	size  The size of the item being initialized.
91  *
92  * Returns:
93  *	Nothing
94  *
95  * Discussion:
96  *	The initializer is called when the memory is cached in the uma zone.
97  *	this should be the same state that the destructor leaves the object in.
98  */
99 typedef void (*uma_init)(void *mem, int size);
100 
101 /*
102  * Item discard function
103  *
104  * Arguments:
105  * 	item  A pointer to memory which has been 'freed' but has not left the
106  *	      zone's cache.
107  *	size  The size of the item being discarded.
108  *
109  * Returns:
110  *	Nothing
111  *
112  * Discussion:
113  *	This routine is called when memory leaves a zone and is returned to the
114  *	system for other uses.  It is the counter part to the init function.
115  */
116 typedef void (*uma_fini)(void *mem, int size);
117 
118 /*
119  * What's the difference between initializing and constructing?
120  *
121  * The item is initialized when it is cached, and this is the state that the
122  * object should be in when returned to the allocator. The purpose of this is
123  * to remove some code which would otherwise be called on each allocation by
124  * utilizing a known, stable state.  This differs from the constructor which
125  * will be called on EVERY allocation.
126  *
127  * For example, in the initializer you may want to initialize embeded locks,
128  * NULL list pointers, set up initial states, magic numbers, etc.  This way if
129  * the object is held in the allocator and re-used it won't be necessary to
130  * re-initialize it.
131  *
132  * The constructor may be used to lock a data structure, link it on to lists,
133  * bump reference counts or total counts of outstanding structures, etc.
134  *
135  */
136 
137 
138 /* Function proto types */
139 
140 /*
141  * Create a new uma zone
142  *
143  * Arguments:
144  *	name  The text name of the zone for debugging and stats, this memory
145  *		should not be freed until the zone has been deallocated.
146  *	size  The size of the object that is being created.
147  *	ctor  The constructor that is called when the object is allocated
148  *	dtor  The destructor that is called when the object is freed.
149  *	init  An initializer that sets up the initial state of the memory.
150  *	fini  A discard function that undoes initialization done by init.
151  *		ctor/dtor/init/fini may all be null, see notes above.
152  *	align A bitmask that corisponds to the requested alignment
153  *		eg 4 would be 0x3
154  *	flags A set of parameters that control the behavior of the zone
155  *
156  * Returns:
157  *	A pointer to a structure which is intended to be opaque to users of
158  *	the interface.  The value may be null if the wait flag is not set.
159  */
160 
161 uma_zone_t uma_zcreate(char *name, size_t size, uma_ctor ctor, uma_dtor dtor,
162 			uma_init uminit, uma_fini fini, int align,
163 			u_int16_t flags);
164 
165 /*
166  * Definitions for uma_zcreate flags
167  *
168  * These flags share space with UMA_ZFLAGs in uma_int.h.  Be careful not to
169  * overlap when adding new features.  0xf000 is in use by uma_int.h.
170  */
171 #define UMA_ZONE_PAGEABLE	0x0001	/* Return items not fully backed by
172 					   physical memory XXX Not yet */
173 #define UMA_ZONE_ZINIT		0x0002	/* Initialize with zeros */
174 #define UMA_ZONE_STATIC		0x0004	/* Staticly sized zone */
175 #define UMA_ZONE_OFFPAGE	0x0008	/* Force the slab structure allocation
176 					   off of the real memory */
177 #define UMA_ZONE_MALLOC		0x0010	/* For use by malloc(9) only! */
178 #define UMA_ZONE_NOFREE		0x0020	/* Do not free slabs of this type! */
179 #define UMA_ZONE_MTXCLASS	0x0040	/* Create a new lock class */
180 #define	UMA_ZONE_VM		0x0080	/*
181 					 * Used for internal vm datastructures
182 					 * only.
183 					 */
184 #define	UMA_ZONE_HASH		0x0100	/*
185 					 * Use a hash table instead of caching
186 					 * information in the vm_page.
187 					 */
188 
189 /* Definitions for align */
190 #define UMA_ALIGN_PTR	(sizeof(void *) - 1)	/* Alignment fit for ptr */
191 #define UMA_ALIGN_LONG	(sizeof(long) - 1)	/* "" long */
192 #define UMA_ALIGN_INT	(sizeof(int) - 1)	/* "" int */
193 #define UMA_ALIGN_SHORT	(sizeof(short) - 1)	/* "" short */
194 #define UMA_ALIGN_CHAR	(sizeof(char) - 1)	/* "" char */
195 #define UMA_ALIGN_CACHE	(16 - 1)		/* Cache line size align */
196 
197 /*
198  * Destroys an empty uma zone.  If the zone is not empty uma complains loudly.
199  *
200  * Arguments:
201  *	zone  The zone we want to destroy.
202  *
203  */
204 
205 void uma_zdestroy(uma_zone_t zone);
206 
207 /*
208  * Allocates an item out of a zone
209  *
210  * Arguments:
211  *	zone  The zone we are allocating from
212  *	arg   This data is passed to the ctor function
213  *	flags See sys/malloc.h for available flags.
214  *
215  * Returns:
216  *	A non null pointer to an initialized element from the zone is
217  *	garanteed if the wait flag is M_WAITOK, otherwise a null pointer may be
218  *	returned if the zone is empty or the ctor failed.
219  */
220 
221 void *uma_zalloc_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *arg, int flags);
222 
223 /*
224  * Allocates an item out of a zone without supplying an argument
225  *
226  * This is just a wrapper for uma_zalloc_arg for convenience.
227  *
228  */
229 static __inline void *uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int flags);
230 
231 static __inline void *
232 uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int flags)
233 {
234 	return uma_zalloc_arg(zone, NULL, flags);
235 }
236 
237 /*
238  * Frees an item back into the specified zone.
239  *
240  * Arguments:
241  *	zone  The zone the item was originally allocated out of.
242  *	item  The memory to be freed.
243  *	arg   Argument passed to the destructor
244  *
245  * Returns:
246  *	Nothing.
247  */
248 
249 void uma_zfree_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *item, void *arg);
250 
251 /*
252  * Frees an item back to a zone without supplying an argument
253  *
254  * This is just a wrapper for uma_zfree_arg for convenience.
255  *
256  */
257 static __inline void uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item);
258 
259 static __inline void
260 uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item)
261 {
262 	uma_zfree_arg(zone, item, NULL);
263 }
264 
265 /*
266  * XXX The rest of the prototypes in this header are h0h0 magic for the VM.
267  * If you think you need to use it for a normal zone you're probably incorrect.
268  */
269 
270 /*
271  * Backend page supplier routines
272  *
273  * Arguments:
274  *	zone  The zone that is requesting pages
275  *	size  The number of bytes being requested
276  *	pflag Flags for these memory pages, see below.
277  *	wait  Indicates our willingness to block.
278  *
279  * Returns:
280  *	A pointer to the alloced memory or NULL on failure.
281  */
282 
283 typedef void *(*uma_alloc)(uma_zone_t zone, int size, u_int8_t *pflag, int wait);
284 
285 /*
286  * Backend page free routines
287  *
288  * Arguments:
289  *	item  A pointer to the previously allocated pages
290  *	size  The original size of the allocation
291  *	pflag The flags for the slab.  See UMA_SLAB_* below
292  *
293  * Returns:
294  *	None
295  */
296 typedef void (*uma_free)(void *item, int size, u_int8_t pflag);
297 
298 
299 
300 /*
301  * Sets up the uma allocator. (Called by vm_mem_init)
302  *
303  * Arguments:
304  *	bootmem  A pointer to memory used to bootstrap the system.
305  *
306  * Returns:
307  *	Nothing
308  *
309  * Discussion:
310  *	This memory is used for zones which allocate things before the
311  *	backend page supplier can give us pages.  It should be
312  *	UMA_SLAB_SIZE * UMA_BOOT_PAGES bytes. (see uma_int.h)
313  *
314  */
315 
316 void uma_startup(void *bootmem);
317 
318 /*
319  * Finishes starting up the allocator.  This should
320  * be called when kva is ready for normal allocs.
321  *
322  * Arguments:
323  *	None
324  *
325  * Returns:
326  *	Nothing
327  *
328  * Discussion:
329  *	uma_startup2 is called by kmeminit() to enable us of uma for malloc.
330  */
331 
332 void uma_startup2(void);
333 
334 /*
335  * Reclaims unused memory for all zones
336  *
337  * Arguments:
338  *	None
339  * Returns:
340  *	None
341  *
342  * This should only be called by the page out daemon.
343  */
344 
345 void uma_reclaim(void);
346 
347 /*
348  * Switches the backing object of a zone
349  *
350  * Arguments:
351  *	zone  The zone to update
352  *	obj   The obj to use for future allocations
353  *	size  The size of the object to allocate
354  *
355  * Returns:
356  *	0  if kva space can not be allocated
357  *	1  if successful
358  *
359  * Discussion:
360  *	A NULL object can be used and uma will allocate one for you.  Setting
361  *	the size will limit the amount of memory allocated to this zone.
362  *
363  */
364 struct vm_object;
365 int uma_zone_set_obj(uma_zone_t zone, struct vm_object *obj, int size);
366 
367 /*
368  * Sets a high limit on the number of items allowed in a zone
369  *
370  * Arguments:
371  *	zone  The zone to limit
372  *
373  * Returns:
374  *	Nothing
375  */
376 void uma_zone_set_max(uma_zone_t zone, int nitems);
377 
378 /*
379  * Replaces the standard page_alloc or obj_alloc functions for this zone
380  *
381  * Arguments:
382  *	zone   The zone whos back end allocator is being changed.
383  *	allocf A pointer to the allocation function
384  *
385  * Returns:
386  *	Nothing
387  *
388  * Discussion:
389  *	This could be used to implement pageable allocation, or perhaps
390  *	even DMA allocators if used in conjunction with the OFFPAGE
391  *	zone flag.
392  */
393 
394 void uma_zone_set_allocf(uma_zone_t zone, uma_alloc allocf);
395 
396 /*
397  * Used for freeing memory provided by the allocf above
398  *
399  * Arguments:
400  *	zone  The zone that intends to use this free routine.
401  *	freef The page freeing routine.
402  *
403  * Returns:
404  *	Nothing
405  */
406 
407 void uma_zone_set_freef(uma_zone_t zone, uma_free freef);
408 
409 /*
410  * These flags are setable in the allocf and visable in the freef.
411  */
412 #define UMA_SLAB_BOOT	0x01		/* Slab alloced from boot pages */
413 #define UMA_SLAB_KMEM	0x02		/* Slab alloced from kmem_map */
414 #define UMA_SLAB_PRIV	0x08		/* Slab alloced from priv allocator */
415 #define UMA_SLAB_OFFP	0x10		/* Slab is managed separately  */
416 #define UMA_SLAB_MALLOC	0x20		/* Slab is a large malloc slab */
417 /* 0x40 and 0x80 are available */
418 
419 /*
420  * Used to pre-fill a zone with some number of items
421  *
422  * Arguments:
423  *	zone    The zone to fill
424  *	itemcnt The number of items to reserve
425  *
426  * Returns:
427  *	Nothing
428  *
429  * NOTE: This is blocking and should only be done at startup
430  */
431 void uma_prealloc(uma_zone_t zone, int itemcnt);
432 
433 
434 #endif
435