xref: /freebsd/sys/vm/uma.h (revision 68e7a217f8019b955f87547f218e95ab237597af)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002, Jeffrey Roberson <jroberson@chesapeake.net>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
10  *    disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  *
28  */
29 
30 /*
31  * uma.h - External definitions for the Universal Memory Allocator
32  *
33  * Jeff Roberson <jroberson@chesapeake.net>
34 */
35 
36 #ifndef VM_UMA_H
37 #define VM_UMA_H
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>		/* For NULL */
40 #include <sys/malloc.h>		/* For M_* */
41 
42 /* User visable parameters */
43 #define UMA_SMALLEST_UNIT       (PAGE_SIZE / 256) /* Smallest item allocated */
44 
45 /* Types and type defs */
46 
47 struct uma_zone;
48 /* Opaque type used as a handle to the zone */
49 typedef struct uma_zone * uma_zone_t;
50 
51 /*
52  * Item constructor
53  *
54  * Arguments:
55  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
56  *	arg   The arg field passed to uma_zalloc_arg
57  *	size  The size of the allocated item
58  *
59  * Returns:
60  *	Nothing
61  *
62  * Discussion:
63  *	The constructor is called just before the memory is returned
64  *	to the user. It may block if neccisary.
65  */
66 typedef void (*uma_ctor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg);
67 
68 /*
69  * Item destructor
70  *
71  * Arguments:
72  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
73  *	size  The size of the item being destructed.
74  *	arg   Argument passed through uma_zfree_arg
75  *
76  * Returns:
77  *	Nothing
78  *
79  * Discussion:
80  *	The destructor may perform operations that differ from those performed
81  *	by the initializer, but it must leave the object in the same state.
82  *	This IS type stable storage.  This is called after EVERY zfree call.
83  */
84 typedef void (*uma_dtor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg);
85 
86 /*
87  * Item initializer
88  *
89  * Arguments:
90  *	item  A pointer to the memory which has been allocated.
91  *	size  The size of the item being initialized.
92  *
93  * Returns:
94  *	Nothing
95  *
96  * Discussion:
97  *	The initializer is called when the memory is cached in the uma zone.
98  *	this should be the same state that the destructor leaves the object in.
99  */
100 typedef void (*uma_init)(void *mem, int size);
101 
102 /*
103  * Item discard function
104  *
105  * Arguments:
106  * 	item  A pointer to memory which has been 'freed' but has not left the
107  *	      zone's cache.
108  *	size  The size of the item being discarded.
109  *
110  * Returns:
111  *	Nothing
112  *
113  * Discussion:
114  *	This routine is called when memory leaves a zone and is returned to the
115  *	system for other uses.  It is the counter part to the init function.
116  */
117 typedef void (*uma_fini)(void *mem, int size);
118 
119 /*
120  * What's the difference between initializing and constructing?
121  *
122  * The item is initialized when it is cached, and this is the state that the
123  * object should be in when returned to the allocator. The purpose of this is
124  * to remove some code which would otherwise be called on each allocation by
125  * utilizing a known, stable state.  This differs from the constructor which
126  * will be called on EVERY allocation.
127  *
128  * For example, in the initializer you may want to initialize embeded locks,
129  * NULL list pointers, set up initial states, magic numbers, etc.  This way if
130  * the object is held in the allocator and re-used it won't be neccisary to
131  * re-initialize it.
132  *
133  * The constructor may be used to lock a data structure, link it on to lists,
134  * bump reference counts or total counts of outstanding structures, etc.
135  *
136  */
137 
138 
139 /* Function proto types */
140 
141 /*
142  * Create a new uma zone
143  *
144  * Arguments:
145  *	name  The text name of the zone for debugging and stats, this memory
146  *		should not be freed until the zone has been deallocated.
147  *	size  The size of the object that is being created.
148  *	ctor  The constructor that is called when the object is allocated
149  *	dtor  The destructor that is called when the object is freed.
150  *	init  An initializer that sets up the initial state of the memory.
151  *	fini  A discard function that undoes initialization done by init.
152  *		ctor/dtor/init/fini may all be null, see notes above.
153  *	align A bitmask that corisponds to the requested alignment
154  *		eg 4 would be 0x3
155  *	flags A set of parameters that control the behavior of the zone
156  *
157  * Returns:
158  *	A pointer to a structure which is intended to be opaque to users of
159  *	the interface.  The value may be null if the wait flag is not set.
160  */
161 
162 uma_zone_t uma_zcreate(char *name, size_t size, uma_ctor ctor, uma_dtor dtor,
163 			uma_init uminit, uma_fini fini, int align,
164 			u_int16_t flags);
165 
166 /* Definitions for uma_zcreate flags */
167 #define UMA_ZONE_PAGEABLE	0x0001	/* Return items not fully backed by
168 					   physical memory XXX Not yet */
169 #define UMA_ZONE_ZINIT		0x0002	/* Initialize with zeros */
170 #define UMA_ZONE_STATIC		0x0004	/* Staticly sized zone */
171 #define UMA_ZONE_OFFPAGE	0x0008	/* Force the slab structure allocation
172 					   off of the real memory */
173 #define UMA_ZONE_MALLOC		0x0010	/* For use by malloc(9) only! */
174 #define UMA_ZONE_NOFREE		0x0020	/* Do not free slabs of this type! */
175 #define UMA_ZONE_MTXCLASS	0x0040	/* Create a new lock class */
176 
177 /* Definitions for align */
178 #define UMA_ALIGN_PTR	(sizeof(void *) - 1)	/* Alignment fit for ptr */
179 #define UMA_ALIGN_LONG	(sizeof(long) - 1)	/* "" long */
180 #define UMA_ALIGN_INT	(sizeof(int) - 1)	/* "" int */
181 #define UMA_ALIGN_SHORT	(sizeof(short) - 1)	/* "" short */
182 #define UMA_ALIGN_CHAR	(sizeof(char) - 1)	/* "" char */
183 #define UMA_ALIGN_CACHE	(16 - 1)		/* Cache line size align */
184 
185 /*
186  * Destroys an empty uma zone.  If the zone is not empty uma complains loudly.
187  *
188  * Arguments:
189  *	zone  The zone we want to destroy.
190  *
191  */
192 
193 void uma_zdestroy(uma_zone_t zone);
194 
195 /*
196  * Allocates an item out of a zone
197  *
198  * Arguments:
199  *	zone  The zone we are allocating from
200  *	arg   This data is passed to the ctor function
201  *	flags See sys/malloc.h for available flags.
202  *
203  * Returns:
204  *	A non null pointer to an initialized element from the zone is
205  *	garanteed if the wait flag is M_WAITOK, otherwise a null pointer may be
206  *	returned if the zone is empty or the ctor failed.
207  */
208 
209 void *uma_zalloc_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *arg, int flags);
210 
211 /*
212  * Allocates an item out of a zone without supplying an argument
213  *
214  * This is just a wrapper for uma_zalloc_arg for convenience.
215  *
216  */
217 static __inline void *uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int flags);
218 
219 static __inline void *
220 uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int flags)
221 {
222 	return uma_zalloc_arg(zone, NULL, flags);
223 }
224 
225 /*
226  * Frees an item back into the specified zone.
227  *
228  * Arguments:
229  *	zone  The zone the item was originally allocated out of.
230  *	item  The memory to be freed.
231  *	arg   Argument passed to the destructor
232  *
233  * Returns:
234  *	Nothing.
235  */
236 
237 void uma_zfree_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *item, void *arg);
238 
239 /*
240  * Frees an item back to a zone without supplying an argument
241  *
242  * This is just a wrapper for uma_zfree_arg for convenience.
243  *
244  */
245 static __inline void uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item);
246 
247 static __inline void
248 uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item)
249 {
250 	return uma_zfree_arg(zone, item, NULL);
251 }
252 
253 /*
254  * XXX The rest of the prototypes in this header are h0h0 magic for the VM.
255  * If you think you need to use it for a normal zone you're probably incorrect.
256  */
257 
258 /*
259  * Backend page supplier routines
260  *
261  * Arguments:
262  *	zone  The zone that is requesting pages
263  *	size  The number of bytes being requested
264  *	pflag Flags for these memory pages, see below.
265  *	wait  Indicates our willingness to block.
266  *
267  * Returns:
268  *	A pointer to the alloced memory or NULL on failure.
269  */
270 
271 typedef void *(*uma_alloc)(uma_zone_t zone, int size, u_int8_t *pflag, int wait);
272 
273 /*
274  * Backend page free routines
275  *
276  * Arguments:
277  *	item  A pointer to the previously allocated pages
278  *	size  The original size of the allocation
279  *	pflag The flags for the slab.  See UMA_SLAB_* below
280  *
281  * Returns:
282  *	None
283  */
284 typedef void (*uma_free)(void *item, int size, u_int8_t pflag);
285 
286 
287 
288 /*
289  * Sets up the uma allocator. (Called by vm_mem_init)
290  *
291  * Arguments:
292  *	bootmem  A pointer to memory used to bootstrap the system.
293  *
294  * Returns:
295  *	Nothing
296  *
297  * Discussion:
298  *	This memory is used for zones which allocate things before the
299  *	backend page supplier can give us pages.  It should be
300  *	UMA_SLAB_SIZE * UMA_BOOT_PAGES bytes. (see uma_int.h)
301  *
302  */
303 
304 void uma_startup(void *bootmem);
305 
306 /*
307  * Finishes starting up the allocator.  This should
308  * be called when kva is ready for normal allocs.
309  *
310  * Arguments:
311  *	hash   An area of memory that will become the malloc hash
312  *	elems  The number of elements in this array
313  *
314  * Returns:
315  *	Nothing
316  *
317  * Discussion:
318  *	uma_startup2 is called by kmeminit() to prepare the malloc
319  *	hash bucket, and enable use of uma for malloc ops.
320  */
321 
322 void uma_startup2(void *hash, u_long elems);
323 
324 /*
325  * Reclaims unused memory for all zones
326  *
327  * Arguments:
328  *	None
329  * Returns:
330  *	None
331  *
332  * This should only be called by the page out daemon.
333  */
334 
335 void uma_reclaim(void);
336 
337 /*
338  * Switches the backing object of a zone
339  *
340  * Arguments:
341  *	zone  The zone to update
342  *	obj   The obj to use for future allocations
343  *	size  The size of the object to allocate
344  *
345  * Returns:
346  *	0  if kva space can not be allocated
347  *	1  if successful
348  *
349  * Discussion:
350  *	A NULL object can be used and uma will allocate one for you.  Setting
351  *	the size will limit the amount of memory allocated to this zone.
352  *
353  */
354 struct vm_object;
355 int uma_zone_set_obj(uma_zone_t zone, struct vm_object *obj, int size);
356 
357 /*
358  * Sets a high limit on the number of items allowed in a zone
359  *
360  * Arguments:
361  *	zone  The zone to limit
362  *
363  * Returns:
364  *	Nothing
365  */
366 void uma_zone_set_max(uma_zone_t zone, int nitems);
367 
368 /*
369  * Replaces the standard page_alloc or obj_alloc functions for this zone
370  *
371  * Arguments:
372  *	zone   The zone whos back end allocator is being changed.
373  *	allocf A pointer to the allocation function
374  *
375  * Returns:
376  *	Nothing
377  *
378  * Discussion:
379  *	This could be used to implement pageable allocation, or perhaps
380  *	even DMA allocators if used in conjunction with the OFFPAGE
381  *	zone flag.
382  */
383 
384 void uma_zone_set_allocf(uma_zone_t zone, uma_alloc allocf);
385 
386 /*
387  * Used for freeing memory provided by the allocf above
388  *
389  * Arguments:
390  *	zone  The zone that intends to use this free routine.
391  *	freef The page freeing routine.
392  *
393  * Returns:
394  *	Nothing
395  */
396 
397 void uma_zone_set_freef(uma_zone_t zone, uma_free freef);
398 
399 /*
400  * These flags are setable in the allocf and visable in the freef.
401  */
402 #define UMA_SLAB_BOOT	0x01		/* Slab alloced from boot pages */
403 #define UMA_SLAB_KMEM	0x02		/* Slab alloced from kmem_map */
404 #define UMA_SLAB_KMAP	0x04		/* Slab alloced from kernel_map */
405 #define UMA_SLAB_PRIV	0x08		/* Slab alloced from priv allocator */
406 #define UMA_SLAB_OFFP	0x10		/* Slab is managed separately  */
407 #define UMA_SLAB_MALLOC	0x20		/* Slab is a large malloc slab */
408 /* 0x40 and 0x80 are available */
409 
410 /*
411  * Used to pre-fill a zone with some number of items
412  *
413  * Arguments:
414  *	zone    The zone to fill
415  *	itemcnt The number of items to reserve
416  *
417  * Returns:
418  *	Nothing
419  *
420  * NOTE: This is blocking and should only be done at startup
421  */
422 void uma_prealloc(uma_zone_t zone, int itemcnt);
423 
424 
425 #endif
426