1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Jeffrey Roberson <jeff@FreeBSD.org> 3 * Copyright (c) 2004, 2005 Bosko Milekic <bmilekic@FreeBSD.org> 4 * All rights reserved. 5 * 6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8 * are met: 9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10 * notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following 11 * disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 17 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 18 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 19 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 20 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 21 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 22 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 23 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 24 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 25 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 26 * 27 * $FreeBSD$ 28 * 29 */ 30 31 /* 32 * uma.h - External definitions for the Universal Memory Allocator 33 * 34 */ 35 36 #ifndef VM_UMA_H 37 #define VM_UMA_H 38 39 #include <sys/param.h> /* For NULL */ 40 #include <sys/malloc.h> /* For M_* */ 41 42 /* User visable parameters */ 43 #define UMA_SMALLEST_UNIT (PAGE_SIZE / 256) /* Smallest item allocated */ 44 45 /* Types and type defs */ 46 47 struct uma_zone; 48 /* Opaque type used as a handle to the zone */ 49 typedef struct uma_zone * uma_zone_t; 50 51 void zone_drain(uma_zone_t); 52 53 /* 54 * Item constructor 55 * 56 * Arguments: 57 * item A pointer to the memory which has been allocated. 58 * arg The arg field passed to uma_zalloc_arg 59 * size The size of the allocated item 60 * flags See zalloc flags 61 * 62 * Returns: 63 * 0 on success 64 * errno on failure 65 * 66 * Discussion: 67 * The constructor is called just before the memory is returned 68 * to the user. It may block if necessary. 69 */ 70 typedef int (*uma_ctor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg, int flags); 71 72 /* 73 * Item destructor 74 * 75 * Arguments: 76 * item A pointer to the memory which has been allocated. 77 * size The size of the item being destructed. 78 * arg Argument passed through uma_zfree_arg 79 * 80 * Returns: 81 * Nothing 82 * 83 * Discussion: 84 * The destructor may perform operations that differ from those performed 85 * by the initializer, but it must leave the object in the same state. 86 * This IS type stable storage. This is called after EVERY zfree call. 87 */ 88 typedef void (*uma_dtor)(void *mem, int size, void *arg); 89 90 /* 91 * Item initializer 92 * 93 * Arguments: 94 * item A pointer to the memory which has been allocated. 95 * size The size of the item being initialized. 96 * flags See zalloc flags 97 * 98 * Returns: 99 * 0 on success 100 * errno on failure 101 * 102 * Discussion: 103 * The initializer is called when the memory is cached in the uma zone. 104 * this should be the same state that the destructor leaves the object in. 105 */ 106 typedef int (*uma_init)(void *mem, int size, int flags); 107 108 /* 109 * Item discard function 110 * 111 * Arguments: 112 * item A pointer to memory which has been 'freed' but has not left the 113 * zone's cache. 114 * size The size of the item being discarded. 115 * 116 * Returns: 117 * Nothing 118 * 119 * Discussion: 120 * This routine is called when memory leaves a zone and is returned to the 121 * system for other uses. It is the counter part to the init function. 122 */ 123 typedef void (*uma_fini)(void *mem, int size); 124 125 /* 126 * What's the difference between initializing and constructing? 127 * 128 * The item is initialized when it is cached, and this is the state that the 129 * object should be in when returned to the allocator. The purpose of this is 130 * to remove some code which would otherwise be called on each allocation by 131 * utilizing a known, stable state. This differs from the constructor which 132 * will be called on EVERY allocation. 133 * 134 * For example, in the initializer you may want to initialize embeded locks, 135 * NULL list pointers, set up initial states, magic numbers, etc. This way if 136 * the object is held in the allocator and re-used it won't be necessary to 137 * re-initialize it. 138 * 139 * The constructor may be used to lock a data structure, link it on to lists, 140 * bump reference counts or total counts of outstanding structures, etc. 141 * 142 */ 143 144 145 /* Function proto types */ 146 147 /* 148 * Create a new uma zone 149 * 150 * Arguments: 151 * name The text name of the zone for debugging and stats, this memory 152 * should not be freed until the zone has been deallocated. 153 * size The size of the object that is being created. 154 * ctor The constructor that is called when the object is allocated 155 * dtor The destructor that is called when the object is freed. 156 * init An initializer that sets up the initial state of the memory. 157 * fini A discard function that undoes initialization done by init. 158 * ctor/dtor/init/fini may all be null, see notes above. 159 * align A bitmask that corisponds to the requested alignment 160 * eg 4 would be 0x3 161 * flags A set of parameters that control the behavior of the zone 162 * 163 * Returns: 164 * A pointer to a structure which is intended to be opaque to users of 165 * the interface. The value may be null if the wait flag is not set. 166 */ 167 uma_zone_t uma_zcreate(char *name, size_t size, uma_ctor ctor, uma_dtor dtor, 168 uma_init uminit, uma_fini fini, int align, 169 u_int32_t flags); 170 171 /* 172 * Create a secondary uma zone 173 * 174 * Arguments: 175 * name The text name of the zone for debugging and stats, this memory 176 * should not be freed until the zone has been deallocated. 177 * ctor The constructor that is called when the object is allocated 178 * dtor The destructor that is called when the object is freed. 179 * zinit An initializer that sets up the initial state of the memory 180 * as the object passes from the Keg's slab to the Zone's cache. 181 * zfini A discard function that undoes initialization done by init 182 * as the object passes from the Zone's cache to the Keg's slab. 183 * 184 * ctor/dtor/zinit/zfini may all be null, see notes above. 185 * Note that the zinit and zfini specified here are NOT 186 * exactly the same as the init/fini specified to uma_zcreate() 187 * when creating a master zone. These zinit/zfini are called 188 * on the TRANSITION from keg to zone (and vice-versa). Once 189 * these are set, the primary zone may alter its init/fini 190 * (which are called when the object passes from VM to keg) 191 * using uma_zone_set_init/fini()) as well as its own 192 * zinit/zfini (unset by default for master zone) with 193 * uma_zone_set_zinit/zfini() (note subtle 'z' prefix). 194 * 195 * master A reference to this zone's Master Zone (Primary Zone), 196 * which contains the backing Keg for the Secondary Zone 197 * being added. 198 * 199 * Returns: 200 * A pointer to a structure which is intended to be opaque to users of 201 * the interface. The value may be null if the wait flag is not set. 202 */ 203 uma_zone_t uma_zsecond_create(char *name, uma_ctor ctor, uma_dtor dtor, 204 uma_init zinit, uma_fini zfini, uma_zone_t master); 205 206 /* 207 * Definitions for uma_zcreate flags 208 * 209 * These flags share space with UMA_ZFLAGs in uma_int.h. Be careful not to 210 * overlap when adding new features. 0xf0000000 is in use by uma_int.h. 211 */ 212 #define UMA_ZONE_PAGEABLE 0x0001 /* Return items not fully backed by 213 physical memory XXX Not yet */ 214 #define UMA_ZONE_ZINIT 0x0002 /* Initialize with zeros */ 215 #define UMA_ZONE_STATIC 0x0004 /* Staticly sized zone */ 216 #define UMA_ZONE_OFFPAGE 0x0008 /* Force the slab structure allocation 217 off of the real memory */ 218 #define UMA_ZONE_MALLOC 0x0010 /* For use by malloc(9) only! */ 219 #define UMA_ZONE_NOFREE 0x0020 /* Do not free slabs of this type! */ 220 #define UMA_ZONE_MTXCLASS 0x0040 /* Create a new lock class */ 221 #define UMA_ZONE_VM 0x0080 /* 222 * Used for internal vm datastructures 223 * only. 224 */ 225 #define UMA_ZONE_HASH 0x0100 /* 226 * Use a hash table instead of caching 227 * information in the vm_page. 228 */ 229 #define UMA_ZONE_SECONDARY 0x0200 /* Zone is a Secondary Zone */ 230 #define UMA_ZONE_REFCNT 0x0400 /* Allocate refcnts in slabs */ 231 #define UMA_ZONE_MAXBUCKET 0x0800 /* Use largest buckets */ 232 233 /* Definitions for align */ 234 #define UMA_ALIGN_PTR (sizeof(void *) - 1) /* Alignment fit for ptr */ 235 #define UMA_ALIGN_LONG (sizeof(long) - 1) /* "" long */ 236 #define UMA_ALIGN_INT (sizeof(int) - 1) /* "" int */ 237 #define UMA_ALIGN_SHORT (sizeof(short) - 1) /* "" short */ 238 #define UMA_ALIGN_CHAR (sizeof(char) - 1) /* "" char */ 239 #define UMA_ALIGN_CACHE (0 - 1) /* Cache line size align */ 240 241 /* 242 * Destroys an empty uma zone. If the zone is not empty uma complains loudly. 243 * 244 * Arguments: 245 * zone The zone we want to destroy. 246 * 247 */ 248 void uma_zdestroy(uma_zone_t zone); 249 250 /* 251 * Allocates an item out of a zone 252 * 253 * Arguments: 254 * zone The zone we are allocating from 255 * arg This data is passed to the ctor function 256 * flags See sys/malloc.h for available flags. 257 * 258 * Returns: 259 * A non null pointer to an initialized element from the zone is 260 * garanteed if the wait flag is M_WAITOK, otherwise a null pointer may be 261 * returned if the zone is empty or the ctor failed. 262 */ 263 264 void *uma_zalloc_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *arg, int flags); 265 266 /* 267 * Allocates an item out of a zone without supplying an argument 268 * 269 * This is just a wrapper for uma_zalloc_arg for convenience. 270 * 271 */ 272 static __inline void *uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int flags); 273 274 static __inline void * 275 uma_zalloc(uma_zone_t zone, int flags) 276 { 277 return uma_zalloc_arg(zone, NULL, flags); 278 } 279 280 /* 281 * Frees an item back into the specified zone. 282 * 283 * Arguments: 284 * zone The zone the item was originally allocated out of. 285 * item The memory to be freed. 286 * arg Argument passed to the destructor 287 * 288 * Returns: 289 * Nothing. 290 */ 291 292 void uma_zfree_arg(uma_zone_t zone, void *item, void *arg); 293 294 /* 295 * Frees an item back to a zone without supplying an argument 296 * 297 * This is just a wrapper for uma_zfree_arg for convenience. 298 * 299 */ 300 static __inline void uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item); 301 302 static __inline void 303 uma_zfree(uma_zone_t zone, void *item) 304 { 305 uma_zfree_arg(zone, item, NULL); 306 } 307 308 /* 309 * XXX The rest of the prototypes in this header are h0h0 magic for the VM. 310 * If you think you need to use it for a normal zone you're probably incorrect. 311 */ 312 313 /* 314 * Backend page supplier routines 315 * 316 * Arguments: 317 * zone The zone that is requesting pages 318 * size The number of bytes being requested 319 * pflag Flags for these memory pages, see below. 320 * wait Indicates our willingness to block. 321 * 322 * Returns: 323 * A pointer to the alloced memory or NULL on failure. 324 */ 325 326 typedef void *(*uma_alloc)(uma_zone_t zone, int size, u_int8_t *pflag, int wait); 327 328 /* 329 * Backend page free routines 330 * 331 * Arguments: 332 * item A pointer to the previously allocated pages 333 * size The original size of the allocation 334 * pflag The flags for the slab. See UMA_SLAB_* below 335 * 336 * Returns: 337 * None 338 */ 339 typedef void (*uma_free)(void *item, int size, u_int8_t pflag); 340 341 342 343 /* 344 * Sets up the uma allocator. (Called by vm_mem_init) 345 * 346 * Arguments: 347 * bootmem A pointer to memory used to bootstrap the system. 348 * 349 * Returns: 350 * Nothing 351 * 352 * Discussion: 353 * This memory is used for zones which allocate things before the 354 * backend page supplier can give us pages. It should be 355 * UMA_SLAB_SIZE * boot_pages bytes. (see uma_int.h) 356 * 357 */ 358 359 void uma_startup(void *bootmem, int boot_pages); 360 361 /* 362 * Finishes starting up the allocator. This should 363 * be called when kva is ready for normal allocs. 364 * 365 * Arguments: 366 * None 367 * 368 * Returns: 369 * Nothing 370 * 371 * Discussion: 372 * uma_startup2 is called by kmeminit() to enable us of uma for malloc. 373 */ 374 375 void uma_startup2(void); 376 377 /* 378 * Reclaims unused memory for all zones 379 * 380 * Arguments: 381 * None 382 * Returns: 383 * None 384 * 385 * This should only be called by the page out daemon. 386 */ 387 388 void uma_reclaim(void); 389 390 /* 391 * Sets the alignment mask to be used for all zones requesting cache 392 * alignment. Should be called by MD boot code prior to starting VM/UMA. 393 * 394 * Arguments: 395 * align The alignment mask 396 * 397 * Returns: 398 * Nothing 399 */ 400 void uma_set_align(int align); 401 402 /* 403 * Switches the backing object of a zone 404 * 405 * Arguments: 406 * zone The zone to update 407 * obj The obj to use for future allocations 408 * size The size of the object to allocate 409 * 410 * Returns: 411 * 0 if kva space can not be allocated 412 * 1 if successful 413 * 414 * Discussion: 415 * A NULL object can be used and uma will allocate one for you. Setting 416 * the size will limit the amount of memory allocated to this zone. 417 * 418 */ 419 struct vm_object; 420 int uma_zone_set_obj(uma_zone_t zone, struct vm_object *obj, int size); 421 422 /* 423 * Sets a high limit on the number of items allowed in a zone 424 * 425 * Arguments: 426 * zone The zone to limit 427 * 428 * Returns: 429 * Nothing 430 */ 431 void uma_zone_set_max(uma_zone_t zone, int nitems); 432 433 /* 434 * The following two routines (uma_zone_set_init/fini) 435 * are used to set the backend init/fini pair which acts on an 436 * object as it becomes allocated and is placed in a slab within 437 * the specified zone's backing keg. These should probably not 438 * be changed once allocations have already begun and only 439 * immediately upon zone creation. 440 */ 441 void uma_zone_set_init(uma_zone_t zone, uma_init uminit); 442 void uma_zone_set_fini(uma_zone_t zone, uma_fini fini); 443 444 /* 445 * The following two routines (uma_zone_set_zinit/zfini) are 446 * used to set the zinit/zfini pair which acts on an object as 447 * it passes from the backing Keg's slab cache to the 448 * specified Zone's bucket cache. These should probably not 449 * be changed once allocations have already begun and 450 * only immediately upon zone creation. 451 */ 452 void uma_zone_set_zinit(uma_zone_t zone, uma_init zinit); 453 void uma_zone_set_zfini(uma_zone_t zone, uma_fini zfini); 454 455 /* 456 * Replaces the standard page_alloc or obj_alloc functions for this zone 457 * 458 * Arguments: 459 * zone The zone whos back end allocator is being changed. 460 * allocf A pointer to the allocation function 461 * 462 * Returns: 463 * Nothing 464 * 465 * Discussion: 466 * This could be used to implement pageable allocation, or perhaps 467 * even DMA allocators if used in conjunction with the OFFPAGE 468 * zone flag. 469 */ 470 471 void uma_zone_set_allocf(uma_zone_t zone, uma_alloc allocf); 472 473 /* 474 * Used for freeing memory provided by the allocf above 475 * 476 * Arguments: 477 * zone The zone that intends to use this free routine. 478 * freef The page freeing routine. 479 * 480 * Returns: 481 * Nothing 482 */ 483 484 void uma_zone_set_freef(uma_zone_t zone, uma_free freef); 485 486 /* 487 * These flags are setable in the allocf and visable in the freef. 488 */ 489 #define UMA_SLAB_BOOT 0x01 /* Slab alloced from boot pages */ 490 #define UMA_SLAB_KMEM 0x02 /* Slab alloced from kmem_map */ 491 #define UMA_SLAB_KERNEL 0x04 /* Slab alloced from kernel_map */ 492 #define UMA_SLAB_PRIV 0x08 /* Slab alloced from priv allocator */ 493 #define UMA_SLAB_OFFP 0x10 /* Slab is managed separately */ 494 #define UMA_SLAB_MALLOC 0x20 /* Slab is a large malloc slab */ 495 /* 0x40 and 0x80 are available */ 496 497 /* 498 * Used to pre-fill a zone with some number of items 499 * 500 * Arguments: 501 * zone The zone to fill 502 * itemcnt The number of items to reserve 503 * 504 * Returns: 505 * Nothing 506 * 507 * NOTE: This is blocking and should only be done at startup 508 */ 509 void uma_prealloc(uma_zone_t zone, int itemcnt); 510 511 /* 512 * Used to lookup the reference counter allocated for an item 513 * from a UMA_ZONE_REFCNT zone. For UMA_ZONE_REFCNT zones, 514 * reference counters are allocated for items and stored in 515 * the underlying slab header. 516 * 517 * Arguments: 518 * zone The UMA_ZONE_REFCNT zone to which the item belongs. 519 * item The address of the item for which we want a refcnt. 520 * 521 * Returns: 522 * A pointer to a u_int32_t reference counter. 523 */ 524 u_int32_t *uma_find_refcnt(uma_zone_t zone, void *item); 525 526 /* 527 * Used to determine if a fixed-size zone is exhausted. 528 * 529 * Arguments: 530 * zone The zone to check 531 * 532 * Returns: 533 * Non-zero if zone is exhausted. 534 */ 535 int uma_zone_exhausted(uma_zone_t zone); 536 int uma_zone_exhausted_nolock(uma_zone_t zone); 537 538 /* 539 * Exported statistics structures to be used by user space monitoring tools. 540 * Statistics stream consusts of a uma_stream_header, followed by a series of 541 * alternative uma_type_header and uma_type_stat structures. Statistics 542 * structures 543 */ 544 #define UMA_STREAM_VERSION 0x00000001 545 struct uma_stream_header { 546 u_int32_t ush_version; /* Stream format version. */ 547 u_int32_t ush_maxcpus; /* Value of MAXCPU for stream. */ 548 u_int32_t ush_count; /* Number of records. */ 549 u_int32_t _ush_pad; /* Pad/reserved field. */ 550 }; 551 552 #define UTH_MAX_NAME 32 553 #define UTH_ZONE_SECONDARY 0x00000001 554 struct uma_type_header { 555 /* 556 * Static per-zone data, some extracted from the supporting keg. 557 */ 558 char uth_name[UTH_MAX_NAME]; 559 u_int32_t uth_align; /* Keg: alignment. */ 560 u_int32_t uth_size; /* Keg: requested size of item. */ 561 u_int32_t uth_rsize; /* Keg: real size of item. */ 562 u_int32_t uth_maxpages; /* Keg: maximum number of pages. */ 563 u_int32_t uth_limit; /* Keg: max items to allocate. */ 564 565 /* 566 * Current dynamic zone/keg-derived statistics. 567 */ 568 u_int32_t uth_pages; /* Keg: pages allocated. */ 569 u_int32_t uth_keg_free; /* Keg: items free. */ 570 u_int32_t uth_zone_free; /* Zone: items free. */ 571 u_int32_t uth_bucketsize; /* Zone: desired bucket size. */ 572 u_int32_t uth_zone_flags; /* Zone: flags. */ 573 u_int64_t uth_allocs; /* Zone: number of allocations. */ 574 u_int64_t uth_frees; /* Zone: number of frees. */ 575 u_int64_t uth_fails; /* Zone: number of alloc failures. */ 576 u_int64_t _uth_reserved1[3]; /* Reserved. */ 577 }; 578 579 struct uma_percpu_stat { 580 u_int64_t ups_allocs; /* Cache: number of alloctions. */ 581 u_int64_t ups_frees; /* Cache: number of frees. */ 582 u_int64_t ups_cache_free; /* Cache: free items in cache. */ 583 u_int64_t _ups_reserved[5]; /* Reserved. */ 584 }; 585 586 #endif 587