syscalls/core/syscall.lua

--
-- SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
--
-- Copyright (c) 2024 Tyler Baxter <agge@FreeBSD.org>
-- Copyright (c) 2023 Warner Losh <imp@bsdimp.com>
-- Copyright (c) 2019 Kyle Evans <kevans@FreeBSD.org>
--

local config = require("config")
local scarg = require("core.scarg")
local scret = require("core.scret")
local util = require("tools.util")

local syscall = {}

syscall.__index = syscall

syscall.known_flags = util.set {
	"STD",
	"OBSOL",
	"RESERVED",
	"UNIMPL",
	"NODEF",
	"NOARGS",
	"NOPROTO",
	"NOSTD",
	"NOTSTATIC",
	"CAPENABLED",
	"SYSMUX",
}

-- Native is an arbitrarily large number to have a constant and not
-- interfere with compat numbers.
local native = 1000000

-- Processes and assigns the appropriate thread flag for this system call.
function syscall:processThr()
	self.thr = "SY_THR_STATIC"
	for k, _ in pairs(self.type) do
		if k == "NOTSTATIC" then
			self.thr = "SY_THR_ABSENT"
		end
	end
end

-- Processes and assigns the appropriate capability flag for this system call.
-- "SYF_CAPENABLED" for capability enabled; "0" for NOT capability enabled.
function syscall:processCap()
	self.cap = "0"
	local stripped = util.stripAbiPrefix(self.name, self.prefix)
	for k, _ in pairs(self.type) do
		if k == "CAPENABLED" then
			self.cap = "SYF_CAPENABLED"
		end
	end
end

-- Check that this system call has a known type.
local function checkType(type)
	for k, _ in pairs(type) do
		if not syscall.known_flags[k] and not
			k:match("^COMPAT") then
			util.abort(1, "Bad type: " .. k)
		end
	end
end

-- If there are ABI changes from native, process this system call to match the
-- target ABI.
function syscall:processChangesAbi()
	-- First, confirm we want to uphold our changes_abi flag.
	if config.syscall_no_abi_change[self.name] then
		self.changes_abi = false
	end
	self.noproto = not util.isEmpty(config.abi_flags) and
	    not self.changes_abi
	if config.abiChanges("pointer_args") then
		for _, v in ipairs(self.args) do
			if util.isPtrType(v.type, config.abi_intptr_t) then
				if config.syscall_no_abi_change[self.name] then
					print("WARNING: " .. self.name ..
					    " in syscall_no_abi_change, " ..
					    "but pointers args are present")
				end
				self.changes_abi = true
				goto ptrfound
			end
		end
		::ptrfound::
	end
	if config.syscall_abi_change[self.name] then
		self.changes_abi = true
	end
	if self.changes_abi then
		self.noproto = false
	end
end

-- Final processing of flags. Process any flags that haven't already been
-- processed (e.g., dictionaries from syscalls.conf).
function syscall:processFlags()
	if config.obsol[self.name] or (self:compatLevel() > 0 and
	    self:compatLevel() < tonumber(config.mincompat)) then
		self.args = nil
		self.type.OBSOL = true
		-- Don't apply any ABI handling, declared as obsolete.
		self.changes_abi = false
	end
	if config.unimpl[self.name] then
		self.type.UNIMPL = true
	end
	if self.noproto or self.type.SYSMUX then
		self.type.NOPROTO = true
	end
	if self.type.NODEF then
		self.audit = "AUE_NULL"
	end
end

-- Returns TRUE if prefix and arg_prefix are assigned; FALSE if they're left
-- unassigned.  Relies on a valid changes_abi flag, so should be called AFTER
-- processChangesAbi().
function syscall:processPrefix()
	-- If there are ABI changes from native, assign the correct prefixes.
	if self.changes_abi then
		self.arg_prefix = config.abi_func_prefix
		self.prefix = config.abi_func_prefix
		return true
	end
	return false
end

-- Validate that we're not skipping system calls by comparing this system call
-- number to the previous system call number.  Called higher up the call stack
-- by class FreeBSDSyscall.
function syscall:validate(prev)
	return prev + 1 == self.num
end

-- Return the compat prefix for this system call.
function syscall:compatPrefix()
	local c = self:compatLevel()
	if self.type.OBSOL then
		return "obs_"
	end
	if self.type.RESERVED then
		return "reserved #"
	end
	if self.type.UNIMPL then
		return "unimp_"
	end
	if c == 3 then
		return "o"
	end
	if c < native then
		return "freebsd" .. tostring(c) .. "_"
	end
	return ""
end

-- Return the symbol name for this system call.
function syscall:symbol()
	return self:compatPrefix() .. self.name
end

--
-- Return the compatibility level for this system call.
-- 	0 is obsolete.
-- 	< 0 is this isn't really a system call we care about.
-- 	3 is 4.3BSD in theory, but anything before FreeBSD 4.
-- 	>= 4 is FreeBSD version, this system call was replaced with a new
-- 	    version.
--
function syscall:compatLevel()
	if self.type.UNIMPL or self.type.RESERVED then
		return -1
	elseif self.type.OBSOL then
		return 0
	elseif self.type.COMPAT then
		return 3
	end
	for k, _ in pairs(self.type) do
		local l = k:match("^COMPAT(%d+)")
		if l ~= nil then
			return tonumber(l)
		end
	end
	return native
end

-- Adds the definition for this system call. Guarded by whether we already have
-- a system call number or not.
function syscall:addDef(line)
	if self.num == nil then
		local words = util.split(line, "%S+")
		self.num = words[1]
		self.audit = words[2]
		self.type = util.setFromString(words[3], "[^|]+")
		checkType(self.type)
		self.name = words[4]
		-- These next three are optional, and either all present
		-- or all absent.
		self.altname = words[5]
		self.alttag = words[6]
		self.rettype = words[7]
		return true
	end
	return false
end

-- Adds the function declaration for this system call. If addDef() found an
-- opening curly brace, then we're looking for a function declaration.
function syscall:addFunc(line)
	if self.name == "{" then
		local words = util.split(line, "%S+")
		-- Expect line is `type syscall(` or `type syscall(void);`.
		if #words ~= 2 then
			util.abort(1, "Malformed line " .. line)
		end

		local ret = scret:new({}, line)
		self.ret = ret:add()
		-- Don't clobber rettype set in the alt information.
		if self.rettype == nil then
			self.rettype = "int"
		end

		self.name = words[2]:match("([%w_]+)%(")
		if words[2]:match("%);$") then
			-- Now we're looking for ending curly brace.
			self.expect_rbrace = true
		end
		return true
	end
	return false
end

-- Adds the argument(s) for this system call. Once addFunc() assigns a name
-- for this system call, arguments are next in syscalls.master.
function syscall:addArgs(line)
	if not self.expect_rbrace then
		if line:match("%);$") then
			self.expect_rbrace = true
			return true
		end
		local arg = scarg:new({}, line)
		-- We don't want to add this argument if it doesn't process.
		-- scarg:process() handles those conditions.
		if arg:process() then
			arg:append(self.args)
		end
		-- If this argument has ABI changes, set globally for this
		-- system call.
		self.changes_abi = self.changes_abi or arg:changesAbi()
		return true
	end
	return false
end

-- Once we have a good syscall, add some final information to it.
function syscall:finalize()
	if self.name == nil then
		self.name = ""
	end

	-- Preserve the original name as the alias.
	self.alias = self.name

	self:processChangesAbi()	-- process changes to the ABI
	self:processFlags()		-- process any unprocessed flags

	-- If there's changes to the ABI, these prefixes will be changed by
	-- processPrefix(); otherwise, they'll remain empty.
	self.prefix = ""
	self.arg_prefix = ""
	self:processPrefix()

	self:processCap()	-- capability flag
	self:processThr()	-- thread flag

	-- Assign argument alias.
	if self.alttag ~= nil then
		self.arg_alias = self.alttag
	elseif self.arg_alias == nil and self.name ~= nil then
		-- argalias should be:
		--   COMPAT_PREFIX + ABI Prefix + funcname
		self.arg_alias = self:compatPrefix() .. self.arg_prefix ..
		    self.name .. "_args"
	elseif self.arg_alias ~= nil then
		self.arg_alias = self.arg_prefix .. self.arg_alias
	end

	-- An empty string would not want a prefix; the entry doesn't have
	-- a name so we want to keep the empty string.
	if self.name ~= nil and self.name ~= "" then
		self.name = self.prefix .. self.name
	end

	self:processArgstrings()
	self:processArgsize()
end

-- Assigns the correct args_size. Defaults to "0", except if there's arguments
-- or NODEF flag.
function syscall:processArgsize()
	if self.type.SYSMUX then	-- catch this first
		self.args_size = "0"
	elseif self.arg_alias ~= nil and
	    (#self.args ~= 0 or self.type.NODEF) then
		self.args_size = "AS(" .. self.arg_alias .. ")"
	else
		self.args_size = "0"
	end
end

-- Constructs argstr_* strings for generated declerations/wrappers.
function syscall:processArgstrings()
	local type = ""
	local type_var = ""
	local var = ""
	local comma = ""

	for _, v in ipairs(self.args) do
		local argname, argtype = v.name, v.type
		type = type .. comma .. argtype
		type_var = type_var .. comma .. argtype ..  " " .. argname
		var = var .. comma .. argname
		comma = ", "
	end
	if type == "" then
		type = "void"
		type_var = "void"
	end

	self.argstr_type = type
	self.argstr_type_var = type_var
	self.argstr_var = var
end

-- Interface to add this system call to the master system call table.
-- The system call is built up one line at a time. The states describe the
-- current parsing state.
-- Returns TRUE when ready to add and FALSE while still parsing.
function syscall:add(line)
	if self:addDef(line) then
		return self:isAdded(line)
	end
	if self:addFunc(line) then
		return false -- Function added; keep going.
	end
	if self:addArgs(line) then
		return false -- Arguments added; keep going.
	end
	return self:isAdded(line) -- Final validation, before adding.
end

-- Returns TRUE if this system call was succesfully added. There's two entry
-- points to this function: (1) the entry in syscalls.master is one-line, or
-- (2) the entry is a full system call. This function handles those cases and
-- decides whether to exit early for (1) or validate a full system call for
-- (2).  This function also handles cases where we don't want to add, and
-- instead want to abort.
function syscall:isAdded(line)
	-- This system call is a range - exit early.
	if tonumber(self.num) == nil then
		-- The only allowed types are RESERVED and UNIMPL.
		if not (self.type.RESERVED or self.type.UNIMPL) then
			util.abort(1, "Range only allowed with RESERVED " ..
			    "and UNIMPL: " ..  line)
		end
		self:finalize()
		return true
	-- This system call is a loadable system call - exit early.
	elseif self.altname ~= nil and self.alttag ~= nil and
		   self.rettype ~= nil then
		self:finalize()
		return true
	-- This system call is only one line, and should only be one line
	-- (we didn't make it to addFunc()) - exit early.
	elseif self.name ~= "{"  and self.ret == nil then
		self:finalize()
		return true
	-- This is a full system call and we've passed multiple states to
	-- get here - final exit.
	elseif self.expect_rbrace then
		if not line:match("}$") then
			util.abort(1, "Expected '}' found '" .. line ..
			    "' instead.")
		end
		self:finalize()
		return true
	end
	return false
end

-- Return TRUE if this system call is native.
function syscall:native()
	return self:compatLevel() == native
end

-- Make a shallow copy of `self` and replace the system call number with num
-- (which should be a number).
-- For system call ranges.
function syscall:shallowCopy(num)
	local obj = syscall:new()

	-- shallow copy
	for k, v in pairs(self) do
		obj[k] = v
	end
	obj.num = num	-- except override range
	return obj
end

-- Make a deep copy of the parameter object. Save copied tables in `copies`,
-- indexed by original table.
-- CREDIT: http://lua-users.org/wiki/CopyTable
-- For a full system call (the nested arguments table should be a deep copy).
local function deepCopy(orig, copies)
	copies = copies or {}
	local orig_type = type(orig)
	local copy
	if orig_type == 'table' then
		if copies[orig] then
			copy = copies[orig]
		else
			copy = {}
			copies[orig] = copy
			for orig_key, orig_value in next, orig, nil do
				copy[deepCopy(orig_key, copies)] =
				    deepCopy(orig_value, copies)
			end
			setmetatable(copy, deepCopy(getmetatable(orig), copies))
		end
	else -- number, string, boolean, etc
		copy = orig
	end
	return copy
end

--
-- In syscalls.master, system calls come in two types: (1) a fully defined
-- system call with function declaration, with a distinct number for each system
-- call; or (2) a one-line entry, sometimes with a distinct number and sometimes
-- with a range of numbers. One-line entries can be obsolete, reserved, no
-- definition, etc. Ranges are only allowed for reserved and unimplemented.
--
-- This function provides the iterator to traverse system calls by number. If
-- the entry is a fully defined system call with a distinct number, the iterator
-- creates a deep copy and captures any nested objects; if the entry is a range
-- of numbers, the iterator creates shallow copies from the start of the range
-- to the end of the range.
--
function syscall:iter()
	local s = tonumber(self.num)
	local e
	if s == nil then
		s, e = string.match(self.num, "(%d+)%-(%d+)")
		s, e = tonumber(s), tonumber(e)
		return function ()
			if s <= e then
				s = s + 1
				return self:shallowCopy(s - 1)
			end
		end
	else
		e = s
		self.num = s	-- Replace string with number, like the clones.
		return function ()
			if s == e then
				local deep_copy = deepCopy(self)
				s = e + 1
				return deep_copy
			end
		end
	end
end

function syscall:new(obj)
	obj = obj or { }
	setmetatable(obj, self)
	self.__index = self

	self.expect_rbrace = false
	self.changes_abi = false
	self.args = {}
	self.noproto = false

	return obj
end

return syscall