xref: /freebsd/sys/sys/linker.h (revision bdd1243df58e60e85101c09001d9812a789b6bc4)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1997-2000 Doug Rabson
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  * $FreeBSD$
29  */
30 
31 #ifndef _SYS_LINKER_H_
32 #define _SYS_LINKER_H_
33 
34 #ifdef _KERNEL
35 
36 #include <machine/elf.h>
37 #include <sys/kobj.h>
38 
39 #ifdef MALLOC_DECLARE
40 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_LINKER);
41 #endif
42 
43 struct mod_depend;
44 
45 /*
46  * Object representing a file which has been loaded by the linker.
47  */
48 typedef struct linker_file* linker_file_t;
49 typedef TAILQ_HEAD(, linker_file) linker_file_list_t;
50 
51 typedef caddr_t linker_sym_t;		/* opaque symbol */
52 typedef c_caddr_t c_linker_sym_t;	/* const opaque symbol */
53 typedef int (*linker_function_name_callback_t)(const char *, void *);
54 
55 /*
56  * expanded out linker_sym_t
57  */
58 typedef struct linker_symval {
59     const char*		name;
60     caddr_t		value;
61     size_t		size;
62 } linker_symval_t;
63 
64 typedef int (*linker_function_nameval_callback_t)(linker_file_t, int, linker_symval_t *, void *);
65 
66 struct common_symbol {
67     STAILQ_ENTRY(common_symbol) link;
68     char*		name;
69     caddr_t		address;
70 };
71 
72 struct linker_file {
73     KOBJ_FIELDS;
74     int			refs;		/* reference count */
75     int			userrefs;	/* kldload(2) count */
76     int			flags;
77 #define LINKER_FILE_LINKED	0x1	/* file has been fully linked */
78 #define LINKER_FILE_MODULES	0x2	/* file has >0 modules at preload */
79     TAILQ_ENTRY(linker_file) link;	/* list of all loaded files */
80     char*		filename;	/* file which was loaded */
81     char*		pathname;	/* file name with full path */
82     int			id;		/* unique id */
83     caddr_t		address;	/* load address */
84     size_t		size;		/* size of file */
85     caddr_t		ctors_addr;	/* address of .ctors/.init_array */
86     size_t		ctors_size;	/* size of .ctors/.init_array */
87     caddr_t		dtors_addr;	/* address of .dtors/.fini_array */
88     size_t		dtors_size;	/* size of .dtors/.fini_array */
89     int			ndeps;		/* number of dependencies */
90     linker_file_t*	deps;		/* list of dependencies */
91     STAILQ_HEAD(, common_symbol) common; /* list of common symbols */
92     TAILQ_HEAD(, module) modules;	/* modules in this file */
93     TAILQ_ENTRY(linker_file) loaded;	/* preload dependency support */
94     int			loadcnt;	/* load counter value */
95 
96     /*
97      * Function Boundary Tracing (FBT) or Statically Defined Tracing (SDT)
98      * fields.
99      */
100     int			nenabled;	/* number of enabled probes. */
101     int			fbt_nentries;	/* number of fbt entries created. */
102 
103 #ifdef __arm__
104     caddr_t		exidx_addr;	/* Unwind data index table start */
105     size_t		exidx_size;	/* Unwind data index table size */
106 #endif
107 };
108 
109 /*
110  * Object implementing a class of file (a.out, elf, etc.)
111  */
112 typedef struct linker_class *linker_class_t;
113 typedef TAILQ_HEAD(, linker_class) linker_class_list_t;
114 
115 struct linker_class {
116     KOBJ_CLASS_FIELDS;
117     TAILQ_ENTRY(linker_class) link;	/* list of all file classes */
118 };
119 
120 /*
121  * Function type used when iterating over the list of linker files.
122  */
123 typedef int linker_predicate_t(linker_file_t, void *);
124 
125 /*
126  * The "file" for the kernel.
127  */
128 extern linker_file_t	linker_kernel_file;
129 
130 /*
131  * Obtain a reference to a module, loading it if required.
132  */
133 int linker_reference_module(const char* _modname, struct mod_depend *_verinfo,
134 			    linker_file_t* _result);
135 
136 /*
137  * Release a reference to a module, unloading it if there are no more
138  * references.  Note that one should either provide a module name and
139  * optional version info or a linker file, but not both.
140  */
141 int linker_release_module(const char *_modname, struct mod_depend *_verinfo,
142 			  linker_file_t _file);
143 
144 /*
145  * Iterate over all of the currently loaded linker files calling the
146  * predicate function while the function returns 0.  Returns the value
147  * returned by the last predicate function.
148  */
149 int linker_file_foreach(linker_predicate_t *_predicate, void *_context);
150 
151 /*
152  * Lookup a symbol in a file.  If deps is TRUE, look in dependencies
153  * if not found in file.
154  */
155 caddr_t linker_file_lookup_symbol(linker_file_t _file, const char* _name,
156 				  int _deps);
157 
158 /*
159  * Lookup a linker set in a file.  Return pointers to the first entry,
160  * last + 1, and count of entries.  Use: for (p = start; p < stop; p++) {}
161  * void *start is really: "struct yoursetmember ***start;"
162  */
163 int linker_file_lookup_set(linker_file_t _file, const char *_name,
164 			   void *_start, void *_stop, int *_count);
165 
166 /*
167  * List all functions in a file.
168  */
169 int linker_file_function_listall(linker_file_t,
170 				 linker_function_nameval_callback_t, void *);
171 
172 /*
173  * Functions solely for use by the linker class handlers.
174  */
175 int linker_add_class(linker_class_t _cls);
176 int linker_file_unload(linker_file_t _file, int flags);
177 int linker_load_dependencies(linker_file_t _lf);
178 linker_file_t linker_make_file(const char* _filename, linker_class_t _cls);
179 
180 /*
181  * DDB Helpers, tuned specifically for ddb/db_kld.c
182  */
183 int linker_ddb_lookup(const char *_symstr, c_linker_sym_t *_sym);
184 int linker_ddb_search_symbol(caddr_t _value, c_linker_sym_t *_sym,
185 			     long *_diffp);
186 int linker_ddb_symbol_values(c_linker_sym_t _sym, linker_symval_t *_symval);
187 int linker_ddb_search_symbol_name(caddr_t value, char *buf, u_int buflen,
188 				  long *offset);
189 
190 /*
191  * stack(9) helper for situations where kernel locking is required.
192  */
193 int linker_search_symbol_name_flags(caddr_t value, char *buf, u_int buflen,
194     long *offset, int flags);
195 int linker_search_symbol_name(caddr_t value, char *buf, u_int buflen,
196     long *offset);
197 
198 /* HWPMC helper */
199 void *linker_hwpmc_list_objects(void);
200 
201 /* kldload/kldunload syscalls blocking */
202 #define	LINKER_UB_UNLOCK	0x0001	/* busy: unlock kld_sx locked on
203 					   return */
204 #define	LINKER_UB_LOCKED	0x0002	/* busy/unbusy: kld_sx locked on
205 					   entry */
206 #define	LINKER_UB_PCATCH	0x0004	/* busy: sleep interruptible */
207 int linker_kldload_busy(int flags);
208 void linker_kldload_unbusy(int flags);
209 
210 #endif	/* _KERNEL */
211 
212 /*
213  * Module information subtypes
214  */
215 #define MODINFO_END		0x0000		/* End of list */
216 #define MODINFO_NAME		0x0001		/* Name of module (string) */
217 #define MODINFO_TYPE		0x0002		/* Type of module (string) */
218 #define MODINFO_ADDR		0x0003		/* Loaded address */
219 #define MODINFO_SIZE		0x0004		/* Size of module */
220 #define MODINFO_EMPTY		0x0005		/* Has been deleted */
221 #define MODINFO_ARGS		0x0006		/* Parameters string */
222 #define MODINFO_METADATA	0x8000		/* Module-specfic */
223 
224 #define MODINFOMD_AOUTEXEC	0x0001		/* a.out exec header */
225 #define MODINFOMD_ELFHDR	0x0002		/* ELF header */
226 #define MODINFOMD_SSYM		0x0003		/* start of symbols */
227 #define MODINFOMD_ESYM		0x0004		/* end of symbols */
228 #define MODINFOMD_DYNAMIC	0x0005		/* _DYNAMIC pointer */
229 #define MODINFOMD_MB2HDR	0x0006		/* MB2 header info */
230 /* These values are MD on PowerPC */
231 #if !defined(__powerpc__)
232 #define MODINFOMD_ENVP		0x0006		/* envp[] */
233 #define MODINFOMD_HOWTO		0x0007		/* boothowto */
234 #define MODINFOMD_KERNEND	0x0008		/* kernend */
235 #endif
236 #define MODINFOMD_SHDR		0x0009		/* section header table */
237 #define MODINFOMD_CTORS_ADDR	0x000a		/* address of .ctors */
238 #define MODINFOMD_CTORS_SIZE	0x000b		/* size of .ctors */
239 #define MODINFOMD_FW_HANDLE	0x000c		/* Firmware dependent handle */
240 #define MODINFOMD_KEYBUF	0x000d		/* Crypto key intake buffer */
241 #define MODINFOMD_FONT		0x000e		/* Console font */
242 #define MODINFOMD_NOCOPY	0x8000		/* don't copy this metadata to the kernel */
243 
244 #define MODINFOMD_DEPLIST	(0x4001 | MODINFOMD_NOCOPY)	/* depends on */
245 
246 #ifdef _KERNEL
247 #define MD_FETCH(mdp, info, type) ({ \
248 	type *__p; \
249 	__p = (type *)preload_search_info((mdp), MODINFO_METADATA | (info)); \
250 	__p ? *__p : 0; \
251 })
252 #endif
253 
254 #define	LINKER_HINTS_VERSION	1		/* linker.hints file version */
255 #define	LINKER_HINTS_MAX	(1 << 20)	/* Allow at most 1MB for linker.hints */
256 
257 #ifdef _KERNEL
258 
259 /*
260  * Module lookup
261  */
262 extern vm_offset_t	preload_addr_relocate;
263 extern caddr_t		preload_metadata;
264 
265 extern void *		preload_fetch_addr(caddr_t _mod);
266 extern size_t		preload_fetch_size(caddr_t _mod);
267 extern caddr_t		preload_search_by_name(const char *_name);
268 extern caddr_t		preload_search_by_type(const char *_type);
269 extern caddr_t		preload_search_next_name(caddr_t _base);
270 extern caddr_t		preload_search_info(caddr_t _mod, int _inf);
271 extern void		preload_delete_name(const char *_name);
272 extern void		preload_bootstrap_relocate(vm_offset_t _offset);
273 extern void		preload_dump(void);
274 
275 #ifdef KLD_DEBUG
276 
277 extern int kld_debug;
278 #define KLD_DEBUG_FILE	1	/* file load/unload */
279 #define KLD_DEBUG_SYM	2	/* symbol lookup */
280 
281 #define KLD_DPF(cat, args)					\
282 	do {							\
283 		if (kld_debug & KLD_DEBUG_##cat) printf args;	\
284 	} while (0)
285 
286 #else
287 
288 #define KLD_DPF(cat, args)
289 
290 #endif
291 
292 typedef int elf_lookup_fn(linker_file_t, Elf_Size, int, Elf_Addr *);
293 
294 /* Support functions */
295 bool	elf_is_ifunc_reloc(Elf_Size r_info);
296 int	elf_reloc(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Addr base, const void *_rel,
297 	    int _type, elf_lookup_fn _lu);
298 int	elf_reloc_local(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Addr base, const void *_rel,
299 	    int _type, elf_lookup_fn _lu);
300 Elf_Addr elf_relocaddr(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Addr addr);
301 const Elf_Sym *elf_get_sym(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Size _symidx);
302 const char *elf_get_symname(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Size _symidx);
303 void	link_elf_ireloc(caddr_t kmdp);
304 
305 #if defined(__aarch64__) || defined(__amd64__)
306 int	elf_reloc_late(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Addr base, const void *_rel,
307 	    int _type, elf_lookup_fn _lu);
308 void	link_elf_late_ireloc(void);
309 #endif
310 
311 typedef struct linker_ctf {
312 	const uint8_t 	*ctftab;	/* Decompressed CTF data. */
313 	int 		ctfcnt;		/* Number of CTF data bytes. */
314 	const Elf_Sym	*symtab;	/* Ptr to the symbol table. */
315 	int		nsym;		/* Number of symbols. */
316 	const char	*strtab;	/* Ptr to the string table. */
317 	int 		strcnt;		/* Number of string bytes. */
318 	uint32_t	**ctfoffp;	/* Ptr to array of obj/fnc offsets. */
319 	uint32_t	**typoffp;	/* Ptr to array of type offsets. */
320 	long		*typlenp;	/* Ptr to number of type data entries. */
321 } linker_ctf_t;
322 
323 int	linker_ctf_get(linker_file_t, linker_ctf_t *);
324 
325 int elf_cpu_load_file(linker_file_t);
326 int elf_cpu_unload_file(linker_file_t);
327 int elf_cpu_parse_dynamic(caddr_t, Elf_Dyn *);
328 
329 /* values for type */
330 #define ELF_RELOC_REL	1
331 #define ELF_RELOC_RELA	2
332 
333 /*
334  * This is version 1 of the KLD file status structure. It is identified
335  * by its _size_ in the version field.
336  */
337 struct kld_file_stat_1 {
338     int		version;	/* set to sizeof(struct kld_file_stat_1) */
339     char        name[MAXPATHLEN];
340     int		refs;
341     int		id;
342     caddr_t	address;	/* load address */
343     size_t	size;		/* size in bytes */
344 };
345 #endif /* _KERNEL */
346 
347 struct kld_file_stat {
348     int		version;	/* set to sizeof(struct kld_file_stat) */
349     char        name[MAXPATHLEN];
350     int		refs;
351     int		id;
352     caddr_t	address;	/* load address */
353     size_t	size;		/* size in bytes */
354     char        pathname[MAXPATHLEN];
355 };
356 
357 struct kld_sym_lookup {
358     int		version;	/* set to sizeof(struct kld_sym_lookup) */
359     char	*symname;	/* Symbol name we are looking up */
360     u_long	symvalue;
361     size_t	symsize;
362 };
363 #define KLDSYM_LOOKUP	1
364 
365 /*
366  * Flags for kldunloadf() and linker_file_unload()
367  */
368 #define LINKER_UNLOAD_NORMAL	0
369 #define LINKER_UNLOAD_FORCE	1
370 
371 #ifndef _KERNEL
372 
373 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
374 
375 __BEGIN_DECLS
376 int	kldload(const char* _file);
377 int	kldunload(int _fileid);
378 int	kldunloadf(int _fileid, int flags);
379 int	kldfind(const char* _file);
380 int	kldnext(int _fileid);
381 int	kldstat(int _fileid, struct kld_file_stat* _stat);
382 int	kldfirstmod(int _fileid);
383 int	kldsym(int _fileid, int _cmd, void *_data);
384 __END_DECLS
385 
386 #endif
387 
388 #endif /* !_SYS_LINKER_H_ */
389