xref: /freebsd/sys/sys/linker.h (revision 5ca8e32633c4ffbbcd6762e5888b6a4ba0708c6c)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1997-2000 Doug Rabson
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #ifndef _SYS_LINKER_H_
30 #define _SYS_LINKER_H_
31 
32 #ifdef _KERNEL
33 
34 #include <machine/elf.h>
35 #include <sys/kobj.h>
36 
37 #ifdef MALLOC_DECLARE
38 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_LINKER);
39 #endif
40 
41 struct mod_depend;
42 
43 /*
44  * Object representing a file which has been loaded by the linker.
45  */
46 typedef struct linker_file* linker_file_t;
47 typedef TAILQ_HEAD(, linker_file) linker_file_list_t;
48 
49 typedef caddr_t linker_sym_t;		/* opaque symbol */
50 typedef c_caddr_t c_linker_sym_t;	/* const opaque symbol */
51 typedef int (*linker_function_name_callback_t)(const char *, void *);
52 
53 /*
54  * expanded out linker_sym_t
55  */
56 typedef struct linker_symval {
57     const char*		name;
58     caddr_t		value;
59     size_t		size;
60 } linker_symval_t;
61 
62 typedef int (*linker_function_nameval_callback_t)(linker_file_t, int, linker_symval_t *, void *);
63 
64 struct common_symbol {
65     STAILQ_ENTRY(common_symbol) link;
66     char*		name;
67     caddr_t		address;
68 };
69 
70 struct linker_file {
71     KOBJ_FIELDS;
72     int			refs;		/* reference count */
73     int			userrefs;	/* kldload(2) count */
74     int			flags;
75 #define LINKER_FILE_LINKED	0x1	/* file has been fully linked */
76 #define LINKER_FILE_MODULES	0x2	/* file has >0 modules at preload */
77     TAILQ_ENTRY(linker_file) link;	/* list of all loaded files */
78     char*		filename;	/* file which was loaded */
79     char*		pathname;	/* file name with full path */
80     int			id;		/* unique id */
81     caddr_t		address;	/* load address */
82     size_t		size;		/* size of file */
83     caddr_t		ctors_addr;	/* address of .ctors/.init_array */
84     size_t		ctors_size;	/* size of .ctors/.init_array */
85     caddr_t		dtors_addr;	/* address of .dtors/.fini_array */
86     size_t		dtors_size;	/* size of .dtors/.fini_array */
87     int			ndeps;		/* number of dependencies */
88     linker_file_t*	deps;		/* list of dependencies */
89     STAILQ_HEAD(, common_symbol) common; /* list of common symbols */
90     TAILQ_HEAD(, module) modules;	/* modules in this file */
91     TAILQ_ENTRY(linker_file) loaded;	/* preload dependency support */
92     int			loadcnt;	/* load counter value */
93 
94     /*
95      * Function Boundary Tracing (FBT) or Statically Defined Tracing (SDT)
96      * fields.
97      */
98     int			nenabled;	/* number of enabled probes. */
99     int			fbt_nentries;	/* number of fbt entries created. */
100 
101 #ifdef __arm__
102     caddr_t		exidx_addr;	/* Unwind data index table start */
103     size_t		exidx_size;	/* Unwind data index table size */
104 #endif
105 };
106 
107 /*
108  * Object implementing a class of file (a.out, elf, etc.)
109  */
110 typedef struct linker_class *linker_class_t;
111 typedef TAILQ_HEAD(, linker_class) linker_class_list_t;
112 
113 struct linker_class {
114     KOBJ_CLASS_FIELDS;
115     TAILQ_ENTRY(linker_class) link;	/* list of all file classes */
116 };
117 
118 /*
119  * Function type used when iterating over the list of linker files.
120  */
121 typedef int linker_predicate_t(linker_file_t, void *);
122 
123 /*
124  * The "file" for the kernel.
125  */
126 extern linker_file_t	linker_kernel_file;
127 
128 /*
129  * Obtain a reference to a module, loading it if required.
130  */
131 int linker_reference_module(const char* _modname, struct mod_depend *_verinfo,
132 			    linker_file_t* _result);
133 
134 /*
135  * Release a reference to a module, unloading it if there are no more
136  * references.  Note that one should either provide a module name and
137  * optional version info or a linker file, but not both.
138  */
139 int linker_release_module(const char *_modname, struct mod_depend *_verinfo,
140 			  linker_file_t _file);
141 
142 /*
143  * Iterate over all of the currently loaded linker files calling the
144  * predicate function while the function returns 0.  Returns the value
145  * returned by the last predicate function.
146  */
147 int linker_file_foreach(linker_predicate_t *_predicate, void *_context);
148 
149 /*
150  * Lookup a symbol in a file.  If deps is TRUE, look in dependencies
151  * if not found in file.
152  */
153 caddr_t linker_file_lookup_symbol(linker_file_t _file, const char* _name,
154 				  int _deps);
155 
156 /*
157  * Lookup a linker set in a file.  Return pointers to the first entry,
158  * last + 1, and count of entries.  Use: for (p = start; p < stop; p++) {}
159  * void *start is really: "struct yoursetmember ***start;"
160  */
161 int linker_file_lookup_set(linker_file_t _file, const char *_name,
162 			   void *_start, void *_stop, int *_count);
163 
164 /*
165  * List all functions in a file.
166  */
167 int linker_file_function_listall(linker_file_t,
168 				 linker_function_nameval_callback_t, void *);
169 
170 /*
171  * Functions solely for use by the linker class handlers.
172  */
173 int linker_add_class(linker_class_t _cls);
174 int linker_file_unload(linker_file_t _file, int flags);
175 int linker_load_dependencies(linker_file_t _lf);
176 linker_file_t linker_make_file(const char* _filename, linker_class_t _cls);
177 
178 /*
179  * DDB Helpers, tuned specifically for ddb/db_kld.c
180  */
181 int linker_ddb_lookup(const char *_symstr, c_linker_sym_t *_sym);
182 int linker_ddb_search_symbol(caddr_t _value, c_linker_sym_t *_sym,
183 			     long *_diffp);
184 int linker_ddb_symbol_values(c_linker_sym_t _sym, linker_symval_t *_symval);
185 int linker_ddb_search_symbol_name(caddr_t value, char *buf, u_int buflen,
186 				  long *offset);
187 
188 /*
189  * stack(9) helper for situations where kernel locking is required.
190  */
191 int linker_search_symbol_name_flags(caddr_t value, char *buf, u_int buflen,
192     long *offset, int flags);
193 int linker_search_symbol_name(caddr_t value, char *buf, u_int buflen,
194     long *offset);
195 
196 /* HWPMC helper */
197 void *linker_hwpmc_list_objects(void);
198 
199 /* kldload/kldunload syscalls blocking */
200 #define	LINKER_UB_UNLOCK	0x0001	/* busy: unlock kld_sx locked on
201 					   return */
202 #define	LINKER_UB_LOCKED	0x0002	/* busy/unbusy: kld_sx locked on
203 					   entry */
204 #define	LINKER_UB_PCATCH	0x0004	/* busy: sleep interruptible */
205 int linker_kldload_busy(int flags);
206 void linker_kldload_unbusy(int flags);
207 
208 #endif	/* _KERNEL */
209 
210 /*
211  * Module information subtypes
212  */
213 #define MODINFO_END		0x0000		/* End of list */
214 #define MODINFO_NAME		0x0001		/* Name of module (string) */
215 #define MODINFO_TYPE		0x0002		/* Type of module (string) */
216 #define MODINFO_ADDR		0x0003		/* Loaded address */
217 #define MODINFO_SIZE		0x0004		/* Size of module */
218 #define MODINFO_EMPTY		0x0005		/* Has been deleted */
219 #define MODINFO_ARGS		0x0006		/* Parameters string */
220 #define MODINFO_METADATA	0x8000		/* Module-specfic */
221 
222 #define MODINFOMD_AOUTEXEC	0x0001		/* a.out exec header */
223 #define MODINFOMD_ELFHDR	0x0002		/* ELF header */
224 #define MODINFOMD_SSYM		0x0003		/* start of symbols */
225 #define MODINFOMD_ESYM		0x0004		/* end of symbols */
226 #define MODINFOMD_DYNAMIC	0x0005		/* _DYNAMIC pointer */
227 #define MODINFOMD_MB2HDR	0x0006		/* MB2 header info */
228 /* These values are MD on PowerPC */
229 #if !defined(__powerpc__)
230 #define MODINFOMD_ENVP		0x0006		/* envp[] */
231 #define MODINFOMD_HOWTO		0x0007		/* boothowto */
232 #define MODINFOMD_KERNEND	0x0008		/* kernend */
233 #endif
234 #define MODINFOMD_SHDR		0x0009		/* section header table */
235 #define MODINFOMD_CTORS_ADDR	0x000a		/* address of .ctors */
236 #define MODINFOMD_CTORS_SIZE	0x000b		/* size of .ctors */
237 #define MODINFOMD_FW_HANDLE	0x000c		/* Firmware dependent handle */
238 #define MODINFOMD_KEYBUF	0x000d		/* Crypto key intake buffer */
239 #define MODINFOMD_FONT		0x000e		/* Console font */
240 #define MODINFOMD_NOCOPY	0x8000		/* don't copy this metadata to the kernel */
241 
242 #define MODINFOMD_DEPLIST	(0x4001 | MODINFOMD_NOCOPY)	/* depends on */
243 
244 #ifdef _KERNEL
245 #define MD_FETCH(mdp, info, type) ({ \
246 	type *__p; \
247 	__p = (type *)preload_search_info((mdp), MODINFO_METADATA | (info)); \
248 	__p ? *__p : 0; \
249 })
250 #endif
251 
252 #define	LINKER_HINTS_VERSION	1		/* linker.hints file version */
253 #define	LINKER_HINTS_MAX	(1 << 20)	/* Allow at most 1MB for linker.hints */
254 
255 #ifdef _KERNEL
256 
257 /*
258  * Module lookup
259  */
260 extern vm_offset_t	preload_addr_relocate;
261 extern caddr_t		preload_metadata;
262 
263 extern void *		preload_fetch_addr(caddr_t _mod);
264 extern size_t		preload_fetch_size(caddr_t _mod);
265 extern caddr_t		preload_search_by_name(const char *_name);
266 extern caddr_t		preload_search_by_type(const char *_type);
267 extern caddr_t		preload_search_next_name(caddr_t _base);
268 extern caddr_t		preload_search_info(caddr_t _mod, int _inf);
269 extern void		preload_delete_name(const char *_name);
270 extern void		preload_bootstrap_relocate(vm_offset_t _offset);
271 extern void		preload_dump(void);
272 
273 #ifdef KLD_DEBUG
274 
275 extern int kld_debug;
276 #define KLD_DEBUG_FILE	1	/* file load/unload */
277 #define KLD_DEBUG_SYM	2	/* symbol lookup */
278 
279 #define KLD_DPF(cat, args)					\
280 	do {							\
281 		if (kld_debug & KLD_DEBUG_##cat) printf args;	\
282 	} while (0)
283 
284 #else
285 
286 #define KLD_DPF(cat, args)
287 
288 #endif
289 
290 typedef int elf_lookup_fn(linker_file_t, Elf_Size, int, Elf_Addr *);
291 
292 /* Support functions */
293 bool	elf_is_ifunc_reloc(Elf_Size r_info);
294 int	elf_reloc(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Addr base, const void *_rel,
295 	    int _type, elf_lookup_fn _lu);
296 int	elf_reloc_local(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Addr base, const void *_rel,
297 	    int _type, elf_lookup_fn _lu);
298 Elf_Addr elf_relocaddr(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Addr addr);
299 const Elf_Sym *elf_get_sym(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Size _symidx);
300 const char *elf_get_symname(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Size _symidx);
301 void	link_elf_ireloc(caddr_t kmdp);
302 
303 #if defined(__aarch64__) || defined(__amd64__)
304 int	elf_reloc_late(linker_file_t _lf, Elf_Addr base, const void *_rel,
305 	    int _type, elf_lookup_fn _lu);
306 void	link_elf_late_ireloc(void);
307 #endif
308 
309 typedef struct linker_ctf {
310 	const uint8_t 	*ctftab;	/* Decompressed CTF data. */
311 	int 		ctfcnt;		/* Number of CTF data bytes. */
312 	const Elf_Sym	*symtab;	/* Ptr to the symbol table. */
313 	int		nsym;		/* Number of symbols. */
314 	const char	*strtab;	/* Ptr to the string table. */
315 	int 		strcnt;		/* Number of string bytes. */
316 	uint32_t	**ctfoffp;	/* Ptr to array of obj/fnc offsets. */
317 	uint32_t	**typoffp;	/* Ptr to array of type offsets. */
318 	long		*typlenp;	/* Ptr to number of type data entries. */
319 } linker_ctf_t;
320 
321 int	linker_ctf_get(linker_file_t, linker_ctf_t *);
322 int linker_ctf_lookup_sym_ddb(const char *symname, c_linker_sym_t *sym,
323     linker_ctf_t *lc);
324 int linker_ctf_lookup_typename_ddb(linker_ctf_t *lc, const char *typename);
325 
326 int elf_cpu_load_file(linker_file_t);
327 int elf_cpu_unload_file(linker_file_t);
328 int elf_cpu_parse_dynamic(caddr_t, Elf_Dyn *);
329 
330 /* values for type */
331 #define ELF_RELOC_REL	1
332 #define ELF_RELOC_RELA	2
333 
334 /*
335  * This is version 1 of the KLD file status structure. It is identified
336  * by its _size_ in the version field.
337  */
338 struct kld_file_stat_1 {
339     int		version;	/* set to sizeof(struct kld_file_stat_1) */
340     char        name[MAXPATHLEN];
341     int		refs;
342     int		id;
343     caddr_t	address;	/* load address */
344     size_t	size;		/* size in bytes */
345 };
346 #endif /* _KERNEL */
347 
348 struct kld_file_stat {
349     int		version;	/* set to sizeof(struct kld_file_stat) */
350     char        name[MAXPATHLEN];
351     int		refs;
352     int		id;
353     caddr_t	address;	/* load address */
354     size_t	size;		/* size in bytes */
355     char        pathname[MAXPATHLEN];
356 };
357 
358 struct kld_sym_lookup {
359     int		version;	/* set to sizeof(struct kld_sym_lookup) */
360     char	*symname;	/* Symbol name we are looking up */
361     u_long	symvalue;
362     size_t	symsize;
363 };
364 #define KLDSYM_LOOKUP	1
365 
366 /*
367  * Flags for kldunloadf() and linker_file_unload()
368  */
369 #define LINKER_UNLOAD_NORMAL	0
370 #define LINKER_UNLOAD_FORCE	1
371 
372 #ifndef _KERNEL
373 
374 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
375 
376 __BEGIN_DECLS
377 int	kldload(const char* _file);
378 int	kldunload(int _fileid);
379 int	kldunloadf(int _fileid, int flags);
380 int	kldfind(const char* _file);
381 int	kldnext(int _fileid);
382 int	kldstat(int _fileid, struct kld_file_stat* _stat);
383 int	kldfirstmod(int _fileid);
384 int	kldsym(int _fileid, int _cmd, void *_data);
385 __END_DECLS
386 
387 #endif
388 
389 #endif /* !_SYS_LINKER_H_ */
390