xref: /freebsd/sys/security/mac_portacl/mac_portacl.c (revision 3642298923e528d795e3a30ec165d2b469e28b40)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Network
6  * Associates Laboratories, the Security Research Division of Network
7  * Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"),
8  * as part of the DARPA CHATS research program.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  * $FreeBSD$
32  */
33 
34 /*
35  * Developed by the TrustedBSD Project.
36  *
37  * Administratively limit access to local UDP/TCP ports for binding purposes.
38  * Intended to be combined with net.inet.ip.portrange.reservedhigh to allow
39  * specific uids and gids to bind specific ports for specific purposes,
40  * while not opening the door to any user replacing an "official" service
41  * while you're restarting it.  This only affects ports explicitly bound by
42  * the user process (either for listen/outgoing socket for TCP, or send/
43  * receive for UDP).  This module will not limit ports bound implicitly for
44  * out-going connections where the process hasn't explicitly selected a port:
45  * these are automatically selected by the IP stack.
46  *
47  * To use this module, security.mac.enforce_socket must be enabled, and
48  * you will probably want to twiddle the net.inet sysctl listed above.
49  * Then use sysctl(8) to modify the rules string:
50  *
51  * # sysctl security.mac.portacl.rules="uid:425:tcp:80,uid:425:tcp:79"
52  *
53  * This ruleset, for example, permits uid 425 to bind TCP ports 80 (http)
54  * and 79 (finger).  User names and group names can't be used directly
55  * because the kernel only knows about uids and gids.
56  */
57 
58 #include <sys/types.h>
59 #include <sys/param.h>
60 #include <sys/conf.h>
61 #include <sys/domain.h>
62 #include <sys/kernel.h>
63 #include <sys/libkern.h>
64 #include <sys/lock.h>
65 #include <sys/mac.h>
66 #include <sys/malloc.h>
67 #include <sys/mount.h>
68 #include <sys/mutex.h>
69 #include <sys/proc.h>
70 #include <sys/protosw.h>
71 #include <sys/queue.h>
72 #include <sys/systm.h>
73 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
74 #include <sys/sysent.h>
75 #include <sys/file.h>
76 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
77 #include <sys/socket.h>
78 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
79 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
80 
81 #include <netinet/in.h>
82 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
83 
84 #include <vm/vm.h>
85 
86 #include <sys/mac_policy.h>
87 
88 SYSCTL_DECL(_security_mac);
89 
90 SYSCTL_NODE(_security_mac, OID_AUTO, portacl, CTLFLAG_RW, 0,
91     "TrustedBSD mac_portacl policy controls");
92 
93 static int	mac_portacl_enabled = 1;
94 SYSCTL_INT(_security_mac_portacl, OID_AUTO, enabled, CTLFLAG_RW,
95     &mac_portacl_enabled, 0, "Enforce portacl policy");
96 TUNABLE_INT("security.mac.portacl.enabled", &mac_portacl_enabled);
97 
98 static int	mac_portacl_suser_exempt = 1;
99 SYSCTL_INT(_security_mac_portacl, OID_AUTO, suser_exempt, CTLFLAG_RW,
100     &mac_portacl_suser_exempt, 0, "Privilege permits binding of any port");
101 TUNABLE_INT("security.mac.portacl.suser_exempt",
102     &mac_portacl_suser_exempt);
103 
104 static int	mac_portacl_autoport_exempt = 1;
105 SYSCTL_INT(_security_mac_portacl, OID_AUTO, autoport_exempt, CTLFLAG_RW,
106     &mac_portacl_autoport_exempt, 0, "Allow automatic allocation through "
107     "binding port 0 if not IP_PORTRANGELOW");
108 TUNABLE_INT("security.mac.portacl.autoport_exempt",
109     &mac_portacl_autoport_exempt);
110 
111 static int	mac_portacl_port_high = 1023;
112 SYSCTL_INT(_security_mac_portacl, OID_AUTO, port_high, CTLFLAG_RW,
113     &mac_portacl_port_high, 0, "Highest port to enforce for");
114 TUNABLE_INT("security.mac.portacl.port_high", &mac_portacl_port_high);
115 
116 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PORTACL, "portacl rule", "Rules for mac_portacl");
117 
118 #define	MAC_RULE_STRING_LEN	1024
119 
120 #define	RULE_GID	1
121 #define	RULE_UID	2
122 #define	RULE_PROTO_TCP	1
123 #define	RULE_PROTO_UDP	2
124 struct rule {
125 	id_t			r_id;
126 	int			r_idtype;
127 	u_int16_t		r_port;
128 	int			r_protocol;
129 
130 	TAILQ_ENTRY(rule)	r_entries;
131 };
132 
133 #define	GID_STRING	"gid"
134 #define	TCP_STRING	"tcp"
135 #define	UID_STRING	"uid"
136 #define	UDP_STRING	"udp"
137 
138 /*
139  * Text format for the rule string is that a rule consists of a
140  * comma-seperated list of elements.  Each element is in the form
141  * idtype:id:protocol:portnumber, and constitutes granting of permission
142  * for the specified binding.
143  */
144 
145 static struct mtx			rule_mtx;
146 static TAILQ_HEAD(rulehead, rule)	rule_head;
147 static char				rule_string[MAC_RULE_STRING_LEN];
148 
149 static void
150 toast_rules(struct rulehead *head)
151 {
152 	struct rule *rule;
153 
154 	while ((rule = TAILQ_FIRST(head)) != NULL) {
155 		TAILQ_REMOVE(head, rule, r_entries);
156 		free(rule, M_PORTACL);
157 	}
158 }
159 
160 /*
161  * Note that there is an inherent race condition in the unload of modules
162  * and access via sysctl.
163  */
164 static void
165 destroy(struct mac_policy_conf *mpc)
166 {
167 
168 	mtx_destroy(&rule_mtx);
169 	toast_rules(&rule_head);
170 }
171 
172 static void
173 init(struct mac_policy_conf *mpc)
174 {
175 
176 	mtx_init(&rule_mtx, "rule_mtx", NULL, MTX_DEF);
177 	TAILQ_INIT(&rule_head);
178 }
179 
180 /*
181  * Note: parsing routines are destructive on the passed string.
182  */
183 static int
184 parse_rule_element(char *element, struct rule **rule)
185 {
186 	char *idtype, *id, *protocol, *portnumber, *p;
187 	struct rule *new;
188 	int error;
189 
190 	error = 0;
191 	new = malloc(sizeof(*new), M_PORTACL, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
192 
193 	idtype = strsep(&element, ":");
194 	if (idtype == NULL) {
195 		error = EINVAL;
196 		goto out;
197 	}
198 	id = strsep(&element, ":");
199 	if (id == NULL) {
200 		error = EINVAL;
201 		goto out;
202 	}
203 	new->r_id = strtol(id, &p, 10);
204 	if (*p != '\0') {
205 		error = EINVAL;
206 		goto out;
207 	}
208 	if (strcmp(idtype, UID_STRING) == 0)
209 		new->r_idtype = RULE_UID;
210 	else if (strcmp(idtype, GID_STRING) == 0)
211 		new->r_idtype = RULE_GID;
212 	else {
213 		error = EINVAL;
214 		goto out;
215 	}
216 	protocol = strsep(&element, ":");
217 	if (protocol == NULL) {
218 		error = EINVAL;
219 		goto out;
220 	}
221 	if (strcmp(protocol, TCP_STRING) == 0)
222 		new->r_protocol = RULE_PROTO_TCP;
223 	else if (strcmp(protocol, UDP_STRING) == 0)
224 		new->r_protocol = RULE_PROTO_UDP;
225 	else {
226 		error = EINVAL;
227 		goto out;
228 	}
229 	portnumber = element;
230 	if (portnumber == NULL) {
231 		error = EINVAL;
232 		goto out;
233 	}
234 	new->r_port = strtol(portnumber, &p, 10);
235 	if (*p != '\0') {
236 		error = EINVAL;
237 		goto out;
238 	}
239 
240 out:
241 	if (error != 0) {
242 		free(new, M_PORTACL);
243 		*rule = NULL;
244 	} else
245 		*rule = new;
246 	return (error);
247 }
248 
249 static int
250 parse_rules(char *string, struct rulehead *head)
251 {
252 	struct rule *new;
253 	char *element;
254 	int error;
255 
256 	error = 0;
257 	while ((element = strsep(&string, ",")) != NULL) {
258 		if (strlen(element) == 0)
259 			continue;
260 		error = parse_rule_element(element, &new);
261 		if (error)
262 			goto out;
263 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(head, new, r_entries);
264 	}
265 out:
266 	if (error != 0)
267 		toast_rules(head);
268 	return (error);
269 }
270 
271 /*
272  * rule_printf() and rules_to_string() are unused currently because they rely
273  * on sbufs with auto-extension, which may sleep while holding a mutex.
274  * Instead, the non-canonical user-generated rule string is returned to the
275  * user when the rules are queried, which is faster anyway.
276  */
277 #if 0
278 static void
279 rule_printf(struct sbuf *sb, struct rule *rule)
280 {
281 	const char *idtype, *protocol;
282 
283 	switch(rule->r_idtype) {
284 	case RULE_GID:
285 		idtype = GID_STRING;
286 		break;
287 	case RULE_UID:
288 		idtype = UID_STRING;
289 		break;
290 	default:
291 		panic("rule_printf: unknown idtype (%d)\n", rule->r_idtype);
292 	}
293 
294 	switch (rule->r_protocol) {
295 	case RULE_PROTO_TCP:
296 		protocol = TCP_STRING;
297 		break;
298 	case RULE_PROTO_UDP:
299 		protocol = UDP_STRING;
300 		break;
301 	default:
302 		panic("rule_printf: unknown protocol (%d)\n",
303 		    rule->r_protocol);
304 	}
305 	sbuf_printf(sb, "%s:%jd:%s:%d", idtype, (intmax_t)rule->r_id,
306 	    protocol, rule->r_port);
307 }
308 
309 static char *
310 rules_to_string(void)
311 {
312 	struct rule *rule;
313 	struct sbuf *sb;
314 	int needcomma;
315 	char *temp;
316 
317 	sb = sbuf_new(NULL, NULL, 0, SBUF_AUTOEXTEND);
318 	needcomma = 0;
319 	mtx_lock(&rule_mtx);
320 	for (rule = TAILQ_FIRST(&rule_head); rule != NULL;
321 	    rule = TAILQ_NEXT(rule, r_entries)) {
322 		if (!needcomma)
323 			needcomma = 1;
324 		else
325 			sbuf_printf(sb, ",");
326 		rule_printf(sb, rule);
327 	}
328 	mtx_unlock(&rule_mtx);
329 	sbuf_finish(sb);
330 	temp = strdup(sbuf_data(sb), M_PORTACL);
331 	sbuf_delete(sb);
332 	return (temp);
333 }
334 #endif
335 
336 /*
337  * Note: due to races, there is not a single serializable order
338  * between parallel calls to the sysctl.
339  */
340 static int
341 sysctl_rules(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
342 {
343 	char *string, *copy_string, *new_string;
344 	struct rulehead head, save_head;
345 	int error;
346 
347 	new_string = NULL;
348 	if (req->newptr == NULL) {
349 		new_string = malloc(MAC_RULE_STRING_LEN, M_PORTACL,
350 		    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
351 		strcpy(new_string, rule_string);
352 		string = new_string;
353 	} else
354 		string = rule_string;
355 
356 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, string, MAC_RULE_STRING_LEN, req);
357 	if (error)
358 		goto out;
359 
360 	if (req->newptr != NULL) {
361 		copy_string = strdup(string, M_PORTACL);
362 		TAILQ_INIT(&head);
363 		error = parse_rules(copy_string, &head);
364 		free(copy_string, M_PORTACL);
365 		if (error)
366 			goto out;
367 
368 		TAILQ_INIT(&save_head);
369 		mtx_lock(&rule_mtx);
370 		TAILQ_CONCAT(&save_head, &rule_head, r_entries);
371 		TAILQ_CONCAT(&rule_head, &head, r_entries);
372 		strcpy(rule_string, string);
373 		mtx_unlock(&rule_mtx);
374 		toast_rules(&save_head);
375 	}
376 out:
377 	if (new_string != NULL)
378 		free(new_string, M_PORTACL);
379 	return (error);
380 }
381 
382 SYSCTL_PROC(_security_mac_portacl, OID_AUTO, rules,
383        CTLTYPE_STRING|CTLFLAG_RW, 0, 0, sysctl_rules, "A", "Rules");
384 
385 static int
386 rules_check(struct ucred *cred, int family, int type, u_int16_t port)
387 {
388 	struct rule *rule;
389 	int error;
390 
391 #if 0
392 	printf("Check requested for euid %d, family %d, type %d, port %d\n",
393 	    cred->cr_uid, family, type, port);
394 #endif
395 
396 	if (port > mac_portacl_port_high)
397 		return (0);
398 
399 	error = EPERM;
400 	mtx_lock(&rule_mtx);
401 	for (rule = TAILQ_FIRST(&rule_head);
402 	    rule != NULL;
403 	    rule = TAILQ_NEXT(rule, r_entries)) {
404 		if (type == SOCK_DGRAM && rule->r_protocol != RULE_PROTO_UDP)
405 			continue;
406 		if (type == SOCK_STREAM && rule->r_protocol != RULE_PROTO_TCP)
407 			continue;
408 		if (port != rule->r_port)
409 			continue;
410 		if (rule->r_idtype == RULE_UID) {
411 			if (cred->cr_uid == rule->r_id) {
412 				error = 0;
413 				break;
414 			}
415 		} else if (rule->r_idtype == RULE_GID) {
416 			if (cred->cr_gid == rule->r_id) {
417 				error = 0;
418 				break;
419 			} else if (groupmember(rule->r_id, cred)) {
420 				error = 0;
421 				break;
422 			}
423 		} else
424 			panic("rules_check: unknown rule type %d",
425 			    rule->r_idtype);
426 	}
427 	mtx_unlock(&rule_mtx);
428 
429 	if (error != 0 && mac_portacl_suser_exempt != 0)
430 		error = suser_cred(cred, 0);
431 
432 	return (error);
433 }
434 
435 /*
436  * Note, this only limits the ability to explicitly bind a port, it
437  * doesn't limit implicitly bound ports for outgoing connections where
438  * the source port is left up to the IP stack to determine automatically.
439  */
440 static int
441 check_socket_bind(struct ucred *cred, struct socket *so,
442     struct label *socketlabel, struct sockaddr *sockaddr)
443 {
444 	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
445 	struct inpcb *inp;
446 	int family, type;
447 	u_int16_t port;
448 
449 	/* Only run if we are enabled. */
450 	if (mac_portacl_enabled == 0)
451 		return (0);
452 
453 	/* Only interested in IPv4 and IPv6 sockets. */
454 	if (so->so_proto->pr_domain->dom_family != PF_INET &&
455 	    so->so_proto->pr_domain->dom_family != PF_INET6)
456 		return (0);
457 
458 	/* Currently, we don't attempt to deal with SOCK_RAW, etc. */
459 	if (so->so_type != SOCK_DGRAM &&
460 	    so->so_type != SOCK_STREAM)
461 		return (0);
462 
463 	/* Reject addresses we don't understand; fail closed. */
464 	if (sockaddr->sa_family != AF_INET &&
465 	    sockaddr->sa_family != AF_INET6)
466 		return (EINVAL);
467 
468 	family = so->so_proto->pr_domain->dom_family;
469 	type = so->so_type;
470 	sin = (struct sockaddr_in *) sockaddr;
471 	port = ntohs(sin->sin_port);
472 
473 	/*
474 	 * Sockets are frequently bound with a specific IP address but a port
475 	 * number of '0' to request automatic port allocation.  This is often
476 	 * desirable as long as IP_PORTRANGELOW isn't set, which might permit
477 	 * automatic allocation of a "privileged" port.  The autoport exempt
478 	 * flag exempts port 0 allocation from rule checking as long as a low
479 	 * port isn't required.
480 	 */
481 	if (mac_portacl_autoport_exempt && port == 0) {
482 		inp = sotoinpcb(so);
483 		if ((inp->inp_flags & INP_LOWPORT) == 0)
484 			return (0);
485 	}
486 
487 	return (rules_check(cred, family, type, port));
488 }
489 
490 static struct mac_policy_ops mac_portacl_ops =
491 {
492 	.mpo_destroy = destroy,
493 	.mpo_init = init,
494 	.mpo_check_socket_bind = check_socket_bind,
495 };
496 
497 MAC_POLICY_SET(&mac_portacl_ops, trustedbsd_mac_portacl,
498     "TrustedBSD MAC/portacl", MPC_LOADTIME_FLAG_UNLOADOK, NULL);
499