xref: /freebsd/sys/security/audit/audit_bsm_klib.c (revision 7d0d268b8a67f28ccefdd0b8ce6fb38acac78d80)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Apple Inc.
3  * Copyright (c) 2005 Robert N. M. Watson
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3.  Neither the name of Apple Inc. ("Apple") nor the names of
15  *     its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
16  *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY APPLE AND ITS CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
22  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
26  * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
27  * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
28  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
33 
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
36 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
37 #include <sys/libkern.h>
38 #include <sys/malloc.h>
39 #include <sys/mount.h>
40 #include <sys/proc.h>
41 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
42 #include <sys/sem.h>
43 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
44 #include <sys/syscall.h>
45 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
46 #include <sys/sysent.h>
47 #include <sys/vnode.h>
48 
49 #include <bsm/audit.h>
50 #include <bsm/audit_kevents.h>
51 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
52 #include <security/audit/audit_private.h>
53 
54 /*
55  * Hash table functions for the audit event number to event class mask
56  * mapping.
57  */
58 #define	EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE	251
59 struct evclass_elem {
60 	au_event_t event;
61 	au_class_t class;
62 	LIST_ENTRY(evclass_elem) entry;
63 };
64 struct evclass_list {
65 	LIST_HEAD(, evclass_elem) head;
66 };
67 
68 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_AUDITEVCLASS, "audit_evclass", "Audit event class");
69 static struct rwlock		evclass_lock;
70 static struct evclass_list	evclass_hash[EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE];
71 
72 #define	EVCLASS_LOCK_INIT()	rw_init(&evclass_lock, "evclass_lock")
73 #define	EVCLASS_RLOCK()		rw_rlock(&evclass_lock)
74 #define	EVCLASS_RUNLOCK()	rw_runlock(&evclass_lock)
75 #define	EVCLASS_WLOCK()		rw_wlock(&evclass_lock)
76 #define	EVCLASS_WUNLOCK()	rw_wunlock(&evclass_lock)
77 
78 /*
79  * Look up the class for an audit event in the class mapping table.
80  */
81 au_class_t
82 au_event_class(au_event_t event)
83 {
84 	struct evclass_list *evcl;
85 	struct evclass_elem *evc;
86 	au_class_t class;
87 
88 	EVCLASS_RLOCK();
89 	evcl = &evclass_hash[event % EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE];
90 	class = 0;
91 	LIST_FOREACH(evc, &evcl->head, entry) {
92 		if (evc->event == event) {
93 			class = evc->class;
94 			goto out;
95 		}
96 	}
97 out:
98 	EVCLASS_RUNLOCK();
99 	return (class);
100 }
101 
102 /*
103  * Insert a event to class mapping. If the event already exists in the
104  * mapping, then replace the mapping with the new one.
105  *
106  * XXX There is currently no constraints placed on the number of mappings.
107  * May want to either limit to a number, or in terms of memory usage.
108  */
109 void
110 au_evclassmap_insert(au_event_t event, au_class_t class)
111 {
112 	struct evclass_list *evcl;
113 	struct evclass_elem *evc, *evc_new;
114 
115 	/*
116 	 * Pessimistically, always allocate storage before acquiring mutex.
117 	 * Free if there is already a mapping for this event.
118 	 */
119 	evc_new = malloc(sizeof(*evc), M_AUDITEVCLASS, M_WAITOK);
120 
121 	EVCLASS_WLOCK();
122 	evcl = &evclass_hash[event % EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE];
123 	LIST_FOREACH(evc, &evcl->head, entry) {
124 		if (evc->event == event) {
125 			evc->class = class;
126 			EVCLASS_WUNLOCK();
127 			free(evc_new, M_AUDITEVCLASS);
128 			return;
129 		}
130 	}
131 	evc = evc_new;
132 	evc->event = event;
133 	evc->class = class;
134 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&evcl->head, evc, entry);
135 	EVCLASS_WUNLOCK();
136 }
137 
138 void
139 au_evclassmap_init(void)
140 {
141 	int i;
142 
143 	EVCLASS_LOCK_INIT();
144 	for (i = 0; i < EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
145 		LIST_INIT(&evclass_hash[i].head);
146 
147 	/*
148 	 * Set up the initial event to class mapping for system calls.
149 	 *
150 	 * XXXRW: Really, this should walk all possible audit events, not all
151 	 * native ABI system calls, as there may be audit events reachable
152 	 * only through non-native system calls.  It also seems a shame to
153 	 * frob the mutex this early.
154 	 */
155 	for (i = 0; i < SYS_MAXSYSCALL; i++) {
156 		if (sysent[i].sy_auevent != AUE_NULL)
157 			au_evclassmap_insert(sysent[i].sy_auevent, 0);
158 	}
159 }
160 
161 /*
162  * Check whether an event is aditable by comparing the mask of classes this
163  * event is part of against the given mask.
164  */
165 int
166 au_preselect(au_event_t event, au_class_t class, au_mask_t *mask_p, int sorf)
167 {
168 	au_class_t effmask = 0;
169 
170 	if (mask_p == NULL)
171 		return (-1);
172 
173 	/*
174 	 * Perform the actual check of the masks against the event.
175 	 */
176 	if (sorf & AU_PRS_SUCCESS)
177 		effmask |= (mask_p->am_success & class);
178 
179 	if (sorf & AU_PRS_FAILURE)
180 		effmask |= (mask_p->am_failure & class);
181 
182 	if (effmask)
183 		return (1);
184 	else
185 		return (0);
186 }
187 
188 /*
189  * Convert sysctl names and present arguments to events.
190  */
191 au_event_t
192 audit_ctlname_to_sysctlevent(int name[], uint64_t valid_arg)
193 {
194 
195 	/* can't parse it - so return the worst case */
196 	if ((valid_arg & (ARG_CTLNAME | ARG_LEN)) != (ARG_CTLNAME | ARG_LEN))
197 		return (AUE_SYSCTL);
198 
199 	switch (name[0]) {
200 	/* non-admin "lookups" treat them special */
201 	case KERN_OSTYPE:
202 	case KERN_OSRELEASE:
203 	case KERN_OSREV:
204 	case KERN_VERSION:
205 	case KERN_ARGMAX:
206 	case KERN_CLOCKRATE:
207 	case KERN_BOOTTIME:
208 	case KERN_POSIX1:
209 	case KERN_NGROUPS:
210 	case KERN_JOB_CONTROL:
211 	case KERN_SAVED_IDS:
212 	case KERN_OSRELDATE:
213 	case KERN_DUMMY:
214 		return (AUE_SYSCTL_NONADMIN);
215 
216 	/* only treat the changeable controls as admin */
217 	case KERN_MAXVNODES:
218 	case KERN_MAXPROC:
219 	case KERN_MAXFILES:
220 	case KERN_MAXPROCPERUID:
221 	case KERN_MAXFILESPERPROC:
222 	case KERN_HOSTID:
223 	case KERN_SECURELVL:
224 	case KERN_HOSTNAME:
225 	case KERN_VNODE:
226 	case KERN_PROC:
227 	case KERN_FILE:
228 	case KERN_PROF:
229 	case KERN_NISDOMAINNAME:
230 	case KERN_UPDATEINTERVAL:
231 	case KERN_NTP_PLL:
232 	case KERN_BOOTFILE:
233 	case KERN_DUMPDEV:
234 	case KERN_IPC:
235 	case KERN_PS_STRINGS:
236 	case KERN_USRSTACK:
237 	case KERN_LOGSIGEXIT:
238 	case KERN_IOV_MAX:
239 	case KERN_MAXID:
240 		return ((valid_arg & ARG_VALUE) ?
241 		    AUE_SYSCTL : AUE_SYSCTL_NONADMIN);
242 
243 	default:
244 		return (AUE_SYSCTL);
245 	}
246 	/* NOTREACHED */
247 }
248 
249 /*
250  * Convert an open flags specifier into a specific type of open event for
251  * auditing purposes.
252  */
253 au_event_t
254 audit_flags_and_error_to_openevent(int oflags, int error)
255 {
256 	au_event_t aevent;
257 
258 	/*
259 	 * Need to check only those flags we care about.
260 	 */
261 	oflags = oflags & (O_RDONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_RDWR | O_WRONLY);
262 
263 	/*
264 	 * These checks determine what flags are on with the condition that
265 	 * ONLY that combination is on, and no other flags are on.
266 	 */
267 	switch (oflags) {
268 	case O_RDONLY:
269 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_R;
270 		break;
271 
272 	case (O_RDONLY | O_CREAT):
273 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_RC;
274 		break;
275 
276 	case (O_RDONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC):
277 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_RTC;
278 		break;
279 
280 	case (O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC):
281 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_RT;
282 		break;
283 
284 	case O_RDWR:
285 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_RW;
286 		break;
287 
288 	case (O_RDWR | O_CREAT):
289 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_RWC;
290 		break;
291 
292 	case (O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC):
293 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_RWTC;
294 		break;
295 
296 	case (O_RDWR | O_TRUNC):
297 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_RWT;
298 		break;
299 
300 	case O_WRONLY:
301 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_W;
302 		break;
303 
304 	case (O_WRONLY | O_CREAT):
305 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_WC;
306 		break;
307 
308 	case (O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC):
309 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_WTC;
310 		break;
311 
312 	case (O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC):
313 		aevent = AUE_OPEN_WT;
314 		break;
315 
316 	default:
317 		aevent = AUE_OPEN;
318 		break;
319 	}
320 
321 #if 0
322 	/*
323 	 * Convert chatty errors to better matching events.  Failures to
324 	 * find a file are really just attribute events -- so recast them as
325 	 * such.
326 	 *
327 	 * XXXAUDIT: Solaris defines that AUE_OPEN will never be returned, it
328 	 * is just a placeholder.  However, in Darwin we return that in
329 	 * preference to other events.  For now, comment this out as we don't
330 	 * have a BSM conversion routine for AUE_OPEN.
331 	 */
332 	switch (aevent) {
333 	case AUE_OPEN_R:
334 	case AUE_OPEN_RT:
335 	case AUE_OPEN_RW:
336 	case AUE_OPEN_RWT:
337 	case AUE_OPEN_W:
338 	case AUE_OPEN_WT:
339 		if (error == ENOENT)
340 			aevent = AUE_OPEN;
341 	}
342 #endif
343 	return (aevent);
344 }
345 
346 /*
347  * Convert a MSGCTL command to a specific event.
348  */
349 au_event_t
350 audit_msgctl_to_event(int cmd)
351 {
352 
353 	switch (cmd) {
354 	case IPC_RMID:
355 		return (AUE_MSGCTL_RMID);
356 
357 	case IPC_SET:
358 		return (AUE_MSGCTL_SET);
359 
360 	case IPC_STAT:
361 		return (AUE_MSGCTL_STAT);
362 
363 	default:
364 		/* We will audit a bad command. */
365 		return (AUE_MSGCTL);
366 	}
367 }
368 
369 /*
370  * Convert a SEMCTL command to a specific event.
371  */
372 au_event_t
373 audit_semctl_to_event(int cmd)
374 {
375 
376 	switch (cmd) {
377 	case GETALL:
378 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETALL);
379 
380 	case GETNCNT:
381 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETNCNT);
382 
383 	case GETPID:
384 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETPID);
385 
386 	case GETVAL:
387 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETVAL);
388 
389 	case GETZCNT:
390 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETZCNT);
391 
392 	case IPC_RMID:
393 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_RMID);
394 
395 	case IPC_SET:
396 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_SET);
397 
398 	case SETALL:
399 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_SETALL);
400 
401 	case SETVAL:
402 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_SETVAL);
403 
404 	case IPC_STAT:
405 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_STAT);
406 
407 	default:
408 		/* We will audit a bad command. */
409 		return (AUE_SEMCTL);
410 	}
411 }
412 
413 /*
414  * Convert a command for the auditon() system call to a audit event.
415  */
416 au_event_t
417 auditon_command_event(int cmd)
418 {
419 
420 	switch(cmd) {
421 	case A_GETPOLICY:
422 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GPOLICY);
423 
424 	case A_SETPOLICY:
425 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SPOLICY);
426 
427 	case A_GETKMASK:
428 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETKMASK);
429 
430 	case A_SETKMASK:
431 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETKMASK);
432 
433 	case A_GETQCTRL:
434 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GQCTRL);
435 
436 	case A_SETQCTRL:
437 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SQCTRL);
438 
439 	case A_GETCWD:
440 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETCWD);
441 
442 	case A_GETCAR:
443 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETCAR);
444 
445 	case A_GETSTAT:
446 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETSTAT);
447 
448 	case A_SETSTAT:
449 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETSTAT);
450 
451 	case A_SETUMASK:
452 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETUMASK);
453 
454 	case A_SETSMASK:
455 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETSMASK);
456 
457 	case A_GETCOND:
458 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETCOND);
459 
460 	case A_SETCOND:
461 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETCOND);
462 
463 	case A_GETCLASS:
464 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETCLASS);
465 
466 	case A_SETCLASS:
467 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETCLASS);
468 
469 	case A_GETPINFO:
470 	case A_SETPMASK:
471 	case A_SETFSIZE:
472 	case A_GETFSIZE:
473 	case A_GETPINFO_ADDR:
474 	case A_GETKAUDIT:
475 	case A_SETKAUDIT:
476 	default:
477 		return (AUE_AUDITON);	/* No special record */
478 	}
479 }
480 
481 /*
482  * Create a canonical path from given path by prefixing either the root
483  * directory, or the current working directory.  If the process working
484  * directory is NULL, we could use 'rootvnode' to obtain the root directory,
485  * but this results in a volfs name written to the audit log. So we will
486  * leave the filename starting with '/' in the audit log in this case.
487  */
488 void
489 audit_canon_path(struct thread *td, char *path, char *cpath)
490 {
491 	struct vnode *cvnp, *rvnp;
492 	char *rbuf, *fbuf, *copy;
493 	struct filedesc *fdp;
494 	struct sbuf sbf;
495 	int error, cwir;
496 
497 	WITNESS_WARN(WARN_GIANTOK | WARN_SLEEPOK, NULL, "%s: at %s:%d",
498 	    __func__,  __FILE__, __LINE__);
499 
500 	copy = path;
501 	rvnp = cvnp = NULL;
502 	fdp = td->td_proc->p_fd;
503 	FILEDESC_SLOCK(fdp);
504 	/*
505 	 * Make sure that we handle the chroot(2) case.  If there is an
506 	 * alternate root directory, prepend it to the audited pathname.
507 	 */
508 	if (fdp->fd_rdir != NULL && fdp->fd_rdir != rootvnode) {
509 		rvnp = fdp->fd_rdir;
510 		vhold(rvnp);
511 	}
512 	/*
513 	 * If the supplied path is relative, make sure we capture the current
514 	 * working directory so we can prepend it to the supplied relative
515 	 * path.
516 	 */
517 	if (*path != '/') {
518 		cvnp = fdp->fd_cdir;
519 		vhold(cvnp);
520 	}
521 	cwir = (fdp->fd_rdir == fdp->fd_cdir);
522 	FILEDESC_SUNLOCK(fdp);
523 	/*
524 	 * NB: We require that the supplied array be at least MAXPATHLEN bytes
525 	 * long.  If this is not the case, then we can run into serious trouble.
526 	 */
527 	(void) sbuf_new(&sbf, cpath, MAXPATHLEN, SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
528 	/*
529 	 * Strip leading forward slashes.
530 	 */
531 	while (*copy == '/')
532 		copy++;
533 	/*
534 	 * Make sure we handle chroot(2) and prepend the global path to these
535 	 * environments.
536 	 *
537 	 * NB: vn_fullpath(9) on FreeBSD is less reliable than vn_getpath(9)
538 	 * on Darwin.  As a result, this may need some additional attention
539 	 * in the future.
540 	 */
541 	if (rvnp != NULL) {
542 		error = vn_fullpath_global(td, rvnp, &rbuf, &fbuf);
543 		vdrop(rvnp);
544 		if (error) {
545 			cpath[0] = '\0';
546 			if (cvnp != NULL)
547 				vdrop(cvnp);
548 			return;
549 		}
550 		(void) sbuf_cat(&sbf, rbuf);
551 		free(fbuf, M_TEMP);
552 	}
553 	if (cvnp != NULL) {
554 		error = vn_fullpath(td, cvnp, &rbuf, &fbuf);
555 		vdrop(cvnp);
556 		if (error) {
557 			cpath[0] = '\0';
558 			return;
559 		}
560 		(void) sbuf_cat(&sbf, rbuf);
561 		free(fbuf, M_TEMP);
562 	}
563 	if (cwir == 0 || (cwir != 0 && cvnp == NULL))
564 		(void) sbuf_putc(&sbf, '/');
565 	/*
566 	 * Now that we have processed any alternate root and relative path
567 	 * names, add the supplied pathname.
568 	 */
569         (void) sbuf_cat(&sbf, copy);
570 	/*
571 	 * One or more of the previous sbuf operations could have resulted in
572 	 * the supplied buffer being overflowed.  Check to see if this is the
573 	 * case.
574 	 */
575 	if (sbuf_overflowed(&sbf) != 0) {
576 		cpath[0] = '\0';
577 		return;
578 	}
579 	sbuf_finish(&sbf);
580 }
581