xref: /freebsd/sys/security/audit/audit_bsm_klib.c (revision 7661de35d15f582ab33e3bd6b8d909601557e436)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Apple Inc.
3  * Copyright (c) 2005 Robert N. M. Watson
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3.  Neither the name of Apple Inc. ("Apple") nor the names of
15  *     its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
16  *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY APPLE AND ITS CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
22  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
26  * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
27  * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
28  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
33 
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
36 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
37 #include <sys/libkern.h>
38 #include <sys/malloc.h>
39 #include <sys/mount.h>
40 #include <sys/proc.h>
41 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
42 #include <sys/sem.h>
43 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
44 #include <sys/syscall.h>
45 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
46 #include <sys/sysent.h>
47 #include <sys/vnode.h>
48 
49 #include <bsm/audit.h>
50 #include <bsm/audit_kevents.h>
51 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
52 #include <security/audit/audit_private.h>
53 
54 /*
55  * Hash table functions for the audit event number to event class mask
56  * mapping.
57  */
58 #define	EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE	251
59 struct evclass_elem {
60 	au_event_t event;
61 	au_class_t class;
62 	LIST_ENTRY(evclass_elem) entry;
63 };
64 struct evclass_list {
65 	LIST_HEAD(, evclass_elem) head;
66 };
67 
68 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_AUDITEVCLASS, "audit_evclass", "Audit event class");
69 static struct rwlock		evclass_lock;
70 static struct evclass_list	evclass_hash[EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE];
71 
72 #define	EVCLASS_LOCK_INIT()	rw_init(&evclass_lock, "evclass_lock")
73 #define	EVCLASS_RLOCK()		rw_rlock(&evclass_lock)
74 #define	EVCLASS_RUNLOCK()	rw_runlock(&evclass_lock)
75 #define	EVCLASS_WLOCK()		rw_wlock(&evclass_lock)
76 #define	EVCLASS_WUNLOCK()	rw_wunlock(&evclass_lock)
77 
78 struct aue_open_event {
79 	int		aoe_flags;
80 	au_event_t	aoe_event;
81 };
82 
83 static const struct aue_open_event aue_open[] = {
84 	{ O_RDONLY,					AUE_OPEN_R },
85 	{ (O_RDONLY | O_CREAT),				AUE_OPEN_RC },
86 	{ (O_RDONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC),		AUE_OPEN_RTC },
87 	{ (O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC),				AUE_OPEN_RT },
88 	{ O_RDWR,					AUE_OPEN_RW },
89 	{ (O_RDWR | O_CREAT),				AUE_OPEN_RWC },
90 	{ (O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC),			AUE_OPEN_RWTC },
91 	{ (O_RDWR | O_TRUNC),				AUE_OPEN_RWT },
92 	{ O_WRONLY,					AUE_OPEN_W },
93 	{ (O_WRONLY | O_CREAT),				AUE_OPEN_WC },
94 	{ (O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC),		AUE_OPEN_WTC },
95 	{ (O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC),				AUE_OPEN_WT },
96 };
97 static const int aue_open_count = sizeof(aue_open) / sizeof(aue_open[0]);
98 
99 static const struct aue_open_event aue_openat[] = {
100 	{ O_RDONLY,					AUE_OPENAT_R },
101 	{ (O_RDONLY | O_CREAT),				AUE_OPENAT_RC },
102 	{ (O_RDONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC),		AUE_OPENAT_RTC },
103 	{ (O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC),				AUE_OPENAT_RT },
104 	{ O_RDWR,					AUE_OPENAT_RW },
105 	{ (O_RDWR | O_CREAT),				AUE_OPENAT_RWC },
106 	{ (O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC),			AUE_OPENAT_RWTC },
107 	{ (O_RDWR | O_TRUNC),				AUE_OPENAT_RWT },
108 	{ O_WRONLY,					AUE_OPENAT_W },
109 	{ (O_WRONLY | O_CREAT),				AUE_OPENAT_WC },
110 	{ (O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC),		AUE_OPENAT_WTC },
111 	{ (O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC),				AUE_OPENAT_WT },
112 };
113 static const int aue_openat_count = sizeof(aue_openat) / sizeof(aue_openat[0]);
114 
115 /*
116  * Look up the class for an audit event in the class mapping table.
117  */
118 au_class_t
119 au_event_class(au_event_t event)
120 {
121 	struct evclass_list *evcl;
122 	struct evclass_elem *evc;
123 	au_class_t class;
124 
125 	EVCLASS_RLOCK();
126 	evcl = &evclass_hash[event % EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE];
127 	class = 0;
128 	LIST_FOREACH(evc, &evcl->head, entry) {
129 		if (evc->event == event) {
130 			class = evc->class;
131 			goto out;
132 		}
133 	}
134 out:
135 	EVCLASS_RUNLOCK();
136 	return (class);
137 }
138 
139 /*
140  * Insert a event to class mapping. If the event already exists in the
141  * mapping, then replace the mapping with the new one.
142  *
143  * XXX There is currently no constraints placed on the number of mappings.
144  * May want to either limit to a number, or in terms of memory usage.
145  */
146 void
147 au_evclassmap_insert(au_event_t event, au_class_t class)
148 {
149 	struct evclass_list *evcl;
150 	struct evclass_elem *evc, *evc_new;
151 
152 	/*
153 	 * Pessimistically, always allocate storage before acquiring mutex.
154 	 * Free if there is already a mapping for this event.
155 	 */
156 	evc_new = malloc(sizeof(*evc), M_AUDITEVCLASS, M_WAITOK);
157 
158 	EVCLASS_WLOCK();
159 	evcl = &evclass_hash[event % EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE];
160 	LIST_FOREACH(evc, &evcl->head, entry) {
161 		if (evc->event == event) {
162 			evc->class = class;
163 			EVCLASS_WUNLOCK();
164 			free(evc_new, M_AUDITEVCLASS);
165 			return;
166 		}
167 	}
168 	evc = evc_new;
169 	evc->event = event;
170 	evc->class = class;
171 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&evcl->head, evc, entry);
172 	EVCLASS_WUNLOCK();
173 }
174 
175 void
176 au_evclassmap_init(void)
177 {
178 	int i;
179 
180 	EVCLASS_LOCK_INIT();
181 	for (i = 0; i < EVCLASSMAP_HASH_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
182 		LIST_INIT(&evclass_hash[i].head);
183 
184 	/*
185 	 * Set up the initial event to class mapping for system calls.
186 	 *
187 	 * XXXRW: Really, this should walk all possible audit events, not all
188 	 * native ABI system calls, as there may be audit events reachable
189 	 * only through non-native system calls.  It also seems a shame to
190 	 * frob the mutex this early.
191 	 */
192 	for (i = 0; i < SYS_MAXSYSCALL; i++) {
193 		if (sysent[i].sy_auevent != AUE_NULL)
194 			au_evclassmap_insert(sysent[i].sy_auevent, 0);
195 	}
196 }
197 
198 /*
199  * Check whether an event is aditable by comparing the mask of classes this
200  * event is part of against the given mask.
201  */
202 int
203 au_preselect(au_event_t event, au_class_t class, au_mask_t *mask_p, int sorf)
204 {
205 	au_class_t effmask = 0;
206 
207 	if (mask_p == NULL)
208 		return (-1);
209 
210 	/*
211 	 * Perform the actual check of the masks against the event.
212 	 */
213 	if (sorf & AU_PRS_SUCCESS)
214 		effmask |= (mask_p->am_success & class);
215 
216 	if (sorf & AU_PRS_FAILURE)
217 		effmask |= (mask_p->am_failure & class);
218 
219 	if (effmask)
220 		return (1);
221 	else
222 		return (0);
223 }
224 
225 /*
226  * Convert sysctl names and present arguments to events.
227  */
228 au_event_t
229 audit_ctlname_to_sysctlevent(int name[], uint64_t valid_arg)
230 {
231 
232 	/* can't parse it - so return the worst case */
233 	if ((valid_arg & (ARG_CTLNAME | ARG_LEN)) != (ARG_CTLNAME | ARG_LEN))
234 		return (AUE_SYSCTL);
235 
236 	switch (name[0]) {
237 	/* non-admin "lookups" treat them special */
238 	case KERN_OSTYPE:
239 	case KERN_OSRELEASE:
240 	case KERN_OSREV:
241 	case KERN_VERSION:
242 	case KERN_ARGMAX:
243 	case KERN_CLOCKRATE:
244 	case KERN_BOOTTIME:
245 	case KERN_POSIX1:
246 	case KERN_NGROUPS:
247 	case KERN_JOB_CONTROL:
248 	case KERN_SAVED_IDS:
249 	case KERN_OSRELDATE:
250 	case KERN_DUMMY:
251 		return (AUE_SYSCTL_NONADMIN);
252 
253 	/* only treat the changeable controls as admin */
254 	case KERN_MAXVNODES:
255 	case KERN_MAXPROC:
256 	case KERN_MAXFILES:
257 	case KERN_MAXPROCPERUID:
258 	case KERN_MAXFILESPERPROC:
259 	case KERN_HOSTID:
260 	case KERN_SECURELVL:
261 	case KERN_HOSTNAME:
262 	case KERN_VNODE:
263 	case KERN_PROC:
264 	case KERN_FILE:
265 	case KERN_PROF:
266 	case KERN_NISDOMAINNAME:
267 	case KERN_UPDATEINTERVAL:
268 	case KERN_NTP_PLL:
269 	case KERN_BOOTFILE:
270 	case KERN_DUMPDEV:
271 	case KERN_IPC:
272 	case KERN_PS_STRINGS:
273 	case KERN_USRSTACK:
274 	case KERN_LOGSIGEXIT:
275 	case KERN_IOV_MAX:
276 		return ((valid_arg & ARG_VALUE) ?
277 		    AUE_SYSCTL : AUE_SYSCTL_NONADMIN);
278 
279 	default:
280 		return (AUE_SYSCTL);
281 	}
282 	/* NOTREACHED */
283 }
284 
285 /*
286  * Convert an open flags specifier into a specific type of open event for
287  * auditing purposes.
288  */
289 au_event_t
290 audit_flags_and_error_to_openevent(int oflags, int error)
291 {
292 	int i;
293 
294 	/*
295 	 * Need to check only those flags we care about.
296 	 */
297 	oflags = oflags & (O_RDONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_RDWR | O_WRONLY);
298 	for (i = 0; i < aue_open_count; i++) {
299 		if (aue_open[i].aoe_flags == oflags)
300 			return (aue_open[i].aoe_event);
301 	}
302 	return (AUE_OPEN);
303 }
304 
305 au_event_t
306 audit_flags_and_error_to_openatevent(int oflags, int error)
307 {
308 	int i;
309 
310 	/*
311 	 * Need to check only those flags we care about.
312 	 */
313 	oflags = oflags & (O_RDONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_RDWR | O_WRONLY);
314 	for (i = 0; i < aue_openat_count; i++) {
315 		if (aue_openat[i].aoe_flags == oflags)
316 			return (aue_openat[i].aoe_event);
317 	}
318 	return (AUE_OPENAT);
319 }
320 
321 /*
322  * Convert a MSGCTL command to a specific event.
323  */
324 au_event_t
325 audit_msgctl_to_event(int cmd)
326 {
327 
328 	switch (cmd) {
329 	case IPC_RMID:
330 		return (AUE_MSGCTL_RMID);
331 
332 	case IPC_SET:
333 		return (AUE_MSGCTL_SET);
334 
335 	case IPC_STAT:
336 		return (AUE_MSGCTL_STAT);
337 
338 	default:
339 		/* We will audit a bad command. */
340 		return (AUE_MSGCTL);
341 	}
342 }
343 
344 /*
345  * Convert a SEMCTL command to a specific event.
346  */
347 au_event_t
348 audit_semctl_to_event(int cmd)
349 {
350 
351 	switch (cmd) {
352 	case GETALL:
353 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETALL);
354 
355 	case GETNCNT:
356 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETNCNT);
357 
358 	case GETPID:
359 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETPID);
360 
361 	case GETVAL:
362 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETVAL);
363 
364 	case GETZCNT:
365 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_GETZCNT);
366 
367 	case IPC_RMID:
368 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_RMID);
369 
370 	case IPC_SET:
371 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_SET);
372 
373 	case SETALL:
374 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_SETALL);
375 
376 	case SETVAL:
377 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_SETVAL);
378 
379 	case IPC_STAT:
380 		return (AUE_SEMCTL_STAT);
381 
382 	default:
383 		/* We will audit a bad command. */
384 		return (AUE_SEMCTL);
385 	}
386 }
387 
388 /*
389  * Convert a command for the auditon() system call to a audit event.
390  */
391 au_event_t
392 auditon_command_event(int cmd)
393 {
394 
395 	switch(cmd) {
396 	case A_GETPOLICY:
397 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GPOLICY);
398 
399 	case A_SETPOLICY:
400 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SPOLICY);
401 
402 	case A_GETKMASK:
403 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETKMASK);
404 
405 	case A_SETKMASK:
406 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETKMASK);
407 
408 	case A_GETQCTRL:
409 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GQCTRL);
410 
411 	case A_SETQCTRL:
412 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SQCTRL);
413 
414 	case A_GETCWD:
415 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETCWD);
416 
417 	case A_GETCAR:
418 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETCAR);
419 
420 	case A_GETSTAT:
421 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETSTAT);
422 
423 	case A_SETSTAT:
424 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETSTAT);
425 
426 	case A_SETUMASK:
427 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETUMASK);
428 
429 	case A_SETSMASK:
430 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETSMASK);
431 
432 	case A_GETCOND:
433 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETCOND);
434 
435 	case A_SETCOND:
436 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETCOND);
437 
438 	case A_GETCLASS:
439 		return (AUE_AUDITON_GETCLASS);
440 
441 	case A_SETCLASS:
442 		return (AUE_AUDITON_SETCLASS);
443 
444 	case A_GETPINFO:
445 	case A_SETPMASK:
446 	case A_SETFSIZE:
447 	case A_GETFSIZE:
448 	case A_GETPINFO_ADDR:
449 	case A_GETKAUDIT:
450 	case A_SETKAUDIT:
451 	default:
452 		return (AUE_AUDITON);	/* No special record */
453 	}
454 }
455 
456 /*
457  * Create a canonical path from given path by prefixing either the root
458  * directory, or the current working directory.  If the process working
459  * directory is NULL, we could use 'rootvnode' to obtain the root directory,
460  * but this results in a volfs name written to the audit log. So we will
461  * leave the filename starting with '/' in the audit log in this case.
462  */
463 void
464 audit_canon_path(struct thread *td, int dirfd, char *path, char *cpath)
465 {
466 	struct vnode *cvnp, *rvnp;
467 	char *rbuf, *fbuf, *copy;
468 	struct filedesc *fdp;
469 	struct sbuf sbf;
470 	int error, needslash;
471 
472 	WITNESS_WARN(WARN_GIANTOK | WARN_SLEEPOK, NULL, "%s: at %s:%d",
473 	    __func__,  __FILE__, __LINE__);
474 
475 	copy = path;
476 	rvnp = cvnp = NULL;
477 	fdp = td->td_proc->p_fd;
478 	FILEDESC_SLOCK(fdp);
479 	/*
480 	 * Make sure that we handle the chroot(2) case.  If there is an
481 	 * alternate root directory, prepend it to the audited pathname.
482 	 */
483 	if (fdp->fd_rdir != NULL && fdp->fd_rdir != rootvnode) {
484 		rvnp = fdp->fd_rdir;
485 		vhold(rvnp);
486 	}
487 	/*
488 	 * If the supplied path is relative, make sure we capture the current
489 	 * working directory so we can prepend it to the supplied relative
490 	 * path.
491 	 */
492 	if (*path != '/') {
493 		if (dirfd == AT_FDCWD) {
494 			cvnp = fdp->fd_cdir;
495 			vhold(cvnp);
496 		} else {
497 			/* XXX: fgetvp() that vhold()s vnode instead of vref()ing it would be better */
498 			error = fgetvp(td, dirfd, NULL, &cvnp);
499 			if (error) {
500 				cpath[0] = '\0';
501 				if (rvnp != NULL)
502 					vdrop(rvnp);
503 				return;
504 			}
505 			vhold(cvnp);
506 			vrele(cvnp);
507 		}
508 		needslash = (fdp->fd_rdir != cvnp);
509 	} else {
510 		needslash = 1;
511 	}
512 	FILEDESC_SUNLOCK(fdp);
513 	/*
514 	 * NB: We require that the supplied array be at least MAXPATHLEN bytes
515 	 * long.  If this is not the case, then we can run into serious trouble.
516 	 */
517 	(void) sbuf_new(&sbf, cpath, MAXPATHLEN, SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
518 	/*
519 	 * Strip leading forward slashes.
520 	 */
521 	while (*copy == '/')
522 		copy++;
523 	/*
524 	 * Make sure we handle chroot(2) and prepend the global path to these
525 	 * environments.
526 	 *
527 	 * NB: vn_fullpath(9) on FreeBSD is less reliable than vn_getpath(9)
528 	 * on Darwin.  As a result, this may need some additional attention
529 	 * in the future.
530 	 */
531 	if (rvnp != NULL) {
532 		error = vn_fullpath_global(td, rvnp, &rbuf, &fbuf);
533 		vdrop(rvnp);
534 		if (error) {
535 			cpath[0] = '\0';
536 			if (cvnp != NULL)
537 				vdrop(cvnp);
538 			return;
539 		}
540 		(void) sbuf_cat(&sbf, rbuf);
541 		free(fbuf, M_TEMP);
542 	}
543 	if (cvnp != NULL) {
544 		error = vn_fullpath(td, cvnp, &rbuf, &fbuf);
545 		vdrop(cvnp);
546 		if (error) {
547 			cpath[0] = '\0';
548 			return;
549 		}
550 		(void) sbuf_cat(&sbf, rbuf);
551 		free(fbuf, M_TEMP);
552 	}
553 	if (needslash)
554 		(void) sbuf_putc(&sbf, '/');
555 	/*
556 	 * Now that we have processed any alternate root and relative path
557 	 * names, add the supplied pathname.
558 	 */
559         (void) sbuf_cat(&sbf, copy);
560 	/*
561 	 * One or more of the previous sbuf operations could have resulted in
562 	 * the supplied buffer being overflowed.  Check to see if this is the
563 	 * case.
564 	 */
565 	if (sbuf_error(&sbf) != 0) {
566 		cpath[0] = '\0';
567 		return;
568 	}
569 	sbuf_finish(&sbf);
570 }
571