1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by the University of 16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19 * without specific prior written permission. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 31 * SUCH DAMAGE. 32 * 33 * From: @(#)tcp_usrreq.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 1/3/94 34 * $Id: tcp_usrreq.c,v 1.10 1995/02/16 01:42:45 wollman Exp $ 35 */ 36 37 #include <sys/param.h> 38 #include <sys/systm.h> 39 #include <sys/kernel.h> 40 #include <sys/malloc.h> 41 #include <sys/mbuf.h> 42 #include <sys/socket.h> 43 #include <sys/socketvar.h> 44 #include <sys/protosw.h> 45 #include <sys/errno.h> 46 #include <sys/stat.h> 47 48 #include <net/if.h> 49 #include <net/route.h> 50 51 #include <netinet/in.h> 52 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 53 #include <netinet/ip.h> 54 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h> 55 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 56 #include <netinet/tcp.h> 57 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h> 58 #include <netinet/tcp_seq.h> 59 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h> 60 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h> 61 #include <netinet/tcpip.h> 62 #ifdef TCPDEBUG 63 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h> 64 #endif 65 66 /* 67 * TCP protocol interface to socket abstraction. 68 */ 69 extern char *tcpstates[]; 70 71 /* 72 * Process a TCP user request for TCP tb. If this is a send request 73 * then m is the mbuf chain of send data. If this is a timer expiration 74 * (called from the software clock routine), then timertype tells which timer. 75 */ 76 /*ARGSUSED*/ 77 int 78 tcp_usrreq(so, req, m, nam, control) 79 struct socket *so; 80 int req; 81 struct mbuf *m, *nam, *control; 82 { 83 register struct inpcb *inp; 84 register struct tcpcb *tp = 0; 85 struct sockaddr_in *sinp; 86 int s; 87 int error = 0; 88 #ifdef TCPDEBUG 89 int ostate; 90 #endif 91 92 if (req == PRU_CONTROL) 93 return (in_control(so, (int)m, (caddr_t)nam, 94 (struct ifnet *)control)); 95 if (control && control->m_len) { 96 m_freem(control); 97 if (m) 98 m_freem(m); 99 return (EINVAL); 100 } 101 102 s = splnet(); 103 inp = sotoinpcb(so); 104 /* 105 * When a TCP is attached to a socket, then there will be 106 * a (struct inpcb) pointed at by the socket, and this 107 * structure will point at a subsidary (struct tcpcb). 108 */ 109 if (inp == 0 && req != PRU_ATTACH) { 110 splx(s); 111 return (EINVAL); /* XXX */ 112 } 113 if (inp) { 114 tp = intotcpcb(inp); 115 /* WHAT IF TP IS 0? */ 116 #ifdef KPROF 117 tcp_acounts[tp->t_state][req]++; 118 #endif 119 #ifdef TCPDEBUG 120 ostate = tp->t_state; 121 } else 122 ostate = 0; 123 #else /* TCPDEBUG */ 124 } 125 #endif /* TCPDEBUG */ 126 127 switch (req) { 128 129 /* 130 * TCP attaches to socket via PRU_ATTACH, reserving space, 131 * and an internet control block. 132 */ 133 case PRU_ATTACH: 134 if (inp) { 135 error = EISCONN; 136 break; 137 } 138 error = tcp_attach(so); 139 if (error) 140 break; 141 if ((so->so_options & SO_LINGER) && so->so_linger == 0) 142 so->so_linger = TCP_LINGERTIME * hz; 143 tp = sototcpcb(so); 144 break; 145 146 /* 147 * PRU_DETACH detaches the TCP protocol from the socket. 148 * If the protocol state is non-embryonic, then can't 149 * do this directly: have to initiate a PRU_DISCONNECT, 150 * which may finish later; embryonic TCB's can just 151 * be discarded here. 152 */ 153 case PRU_DETACH: 154 if (tp->t_state > TCPS_LISTEN) 155 tp = tcp_disconnect(tp); 156 else 157 tp = tcp_close(tp); 158 break; 159 160 /* 161 * Give the socket an address. 162 */ 163 case PRU_BIND: 164 /* 165 * Must check for multicast addresses and disallow binding 166 * to them. 167 */ 168 sinp = mtod(nam, struct sockaddr_in *); 169 if (sinp->sin_family == AF_INET && 170 IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(sinp->sin_addr.s_addr))) { 171 error = EAFNOSUPPORT; 172 break; 173 } 174 error = in_pcbbind(inp, nam); 175 if (error) 176 break; 177 break; 178 179 /* 180 * Prepare to accept connections. 181 */ 182 case PRU_LISTEN: 183 if (inp->inp_lport == 0) 184 error = in_pcbbind(inp, (struct mbuf *)0); 185 if (error == 0) 186 tp->t_state = TCPS_LISTEN; 187 break; 188 189 /* 190 * Initiate connection to peer. 191 * Create a template for use in transmissions on this connection. 192 * Enter SYN_SENT state, and mark socket as connecting. 193 * Start keep-alive timer, and seed output sequence space. 194 * Send initial segment on connection. 195 */ 196 case PRU_CONNECT: 197 /* 198 * Must disallow TCP ``connections'' to multicast addresses. 199 */ 200 sinp = mtod(nam, struct sockaddr_in *); 201 if (sinp->sin_family == AF_INET 202 && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(sinp->sin_addr.s_addr))) { 203 error = EAFNOSUPPORT; 204 break; 205 } 206 207 if ((error = tcp_connect(tp, nam)) != 0) 208 break; 209 error = tcp_output(tp); 210 break; 211 212 /* 213 * Create a TCP connection between two sockets. 214 */ 215 case PRU_CONNECT2: 216 error = EOPNOTSUPP; 217 break; 218 219 /* 220 * Initiate disconnect from peer. 221 * If connection never passed embryonic stage, just drop; 222 * else if don't need to let data drain, then can just drop anyways, 223 * else have to begin TCP shutdown process: mark socket disconnecting, 224 * drain unread data, state switch to reflect user close, and 225 * send segment (e.g. FIN) to peer. Socket will be really disconnected 226 * when peer sends FIN and acks ours. 227 * 228 * SHOULD IMPLEMENT LATER PRU_CONNECT VIA REALLOC TCPCB. 229 */ 230 case PRU_DISCONNECT: 231 tp = tcp_disconnect(tp); 232 break; 233 234 /* 235 * Accept a connection. Essentially all the work is 236 * done at higher levels; just return the address 237 * of the peer, storing through addr. 238 */ 239 case PRU_ACCEPT: 240 in_setpeeraddr(inp, nam); 241 break; 242 243 /* 244 * Mark the connection as being incapable of further output. 245 */ 246 case PRU_SHUTDOWN: 247 socantsendmore(so); 248 tp = tcp_usrclosed(tp); 249 if (tp) 250 error = tcp_output(tp); 251 break; 252 253 /* 254 * After a receive, possibly send window update to peer. 255 */ 256 case PRU_RCVD: 257 (void) tcp_output(tp); 258 break; 259 260 /* 261 * Do a send by putting data in output queue and updating urgent 262 * marker if URG set. Possibly send more data. 263 */ 264 case PRU_SEND_EOF: 265 case PRU_SEND: 266 sbappend(&so->so_snd, m); 267 if (nam && tp->t_state < TCPS_SYN_SENT) { 268 /* 269 * Do implied connect if not yet connected, 270 * initialize window to default value, and 271 * initialize maxseg/maxopd using peer's cached 272 * MSS. 273 */ 274 error = tcp_connect(tp, nam); 275 if (error) 276 break; 277 tp->snd_wnd = TTCP_CLIENT_SND_WND; 278 tcp_mss(tp, -1); 279 } 280 281 if (req == PRU_SEND_EOF) { 282 /* 283 * Close the send side of the connection after 284 * the data is sent. 285 */ 286 socantsendmore(so); 287 tp = tcp_usrclosed(tp); 288 } 289 if (tp != NULL) 290 error = tcp_output(tp); 291 break; 292 293 /* 294 * Abort the TCP. 295 */ 296 case PRU_ABORT: 297 tp = tcp_drop(tp, ECONNABORTED); 298 break; 299 300 case PRU_SENSE: 301 ((struct stat *) m)->st_blksize = so->so_snd.sb_hiwat; 302 (void) splx(s); 303 return (0); 304 305 case PRU_RCVOOB: 306 if ((so->so_oobmark == 0 && 307 (so->so_state & SS_RCVATMARK) == 0) || 308 so->so_options & SO_OOBINLINE || 309 tp->t_oobflags & TCPOOB_HADDATA) { 310 error = EINVAL; 311 break; 312 } 313 if ((tp->t_oobflags & TCPOOB_HAVEDATA) == 0) { 314 error = EWOULDBLOCK; 315 break; 316 } 317 m->m_len = 1; 318 *mtod(m, caddr_t) = tp->t_iobc; 319 if (((int)nam & MSG_PEEK) == 0) 320 tp->t_oobflags ^= (TCPOOB_HAVEDATA | TCPOOB_HADDATA); 321 break; 322 323 case PRU_SENDOOB: 324 if (sbspace(&so->so_snd) < -512) { 325 m_freem(m); 326 error = ENOBUFS; 327 break; 328 } 329 /* 330 * According to RFC961 (Assigned Protocols), 331 * the urgent pointer points to the last octet 332 * of urgent data. We continue, however, 333 * to consider it to indicate the first octet 334 * of data past the urgent section. 335 * Otherwise, snd_up should be one lower. 336 */ 337 sbappend(&so->so_snd, m); 338 tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una + so->so_snd.sb_cc; 339 tp->t_force = 1; 340 error = tcp_output(tp); 341 tp->t_force = 0; 342 break; 343 344 case PRU_SOCKADDR: 345 in_setsockaddr(inp, nam); 346 break; 347 348 case PRU_PEERADDR: 349 in_setpeeraddr(inp, nam); 350 break; 351 352 /* 353 * TCP slow timer went off; going through this 354 * routine for tracing's sake. 355 */ 356 case PRU_SLOWTIMO: 357 tp = tcp_timers(tp, (int)nam); 358 #ifdef TCPDEBUG 359 req |= (int)nam << 8; /* for debug's sake */ 360 #endif 361 break; 362 363 default: 364 panic("tcp_usrreq"); 365 } 366 #ifdef TCPDEBUG 367 if (tp && (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG)) 368 tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (struct tcpiphdr *)0, req); 369 #endif 370 splx(s); 371 return (error); 372 } 373 374 /* 375 * Common subroutine to open a TCP connection to remote host specified 376 * by struct sockaddr_in in mbuf *nam. Call in_pcbbind to assign a local 377 * port number if needed. Call in_pcbladdr to do the routing and to choose 378 * a local host address (interface). If there is an existing incarnation 379 * of the same connection in TIME-WAIT state and if the remote host was 380 * sending CC options and if the connection duration was < MSL, then 381 * truncate the previous TIME-WAIT state and proceed. 382 * Initialize connection parameters and enter SYN-SENT state. 383 */ 384 int 385 tcp_connect(tp, nam) 386 register struct tcpcb *tp; 387 struct mbuf *nam; 388 { 389 struct inpcb *inp = tp->t_inpcb, *oinp; 390 struct socket *so = inp->inp_socket; 391 struct tcpcb *otp; 392 struct sockaddr_in *sin = mtod(nam, struct sockaddr_in *); 393 struct sockaddr_in *ifaddr; 394 int error; 395 396 if (inp->inp_lport == 0) { 397 error = in_pcbbind(inp, NULL); 398 if (error) 399 return error; 400 } 401 402 /* 403 * Cannot simply call in_pcbconnect, because there might be an 404 * earlier incarnation of this same connection still in 405 * TIME_WAIT state, creating an ADDRINUSE error. 406 */ 407 error = in_pcbladdr(inp, nam, &ifaddr); 408 oinp = in_pcblookup(inp->inp_head, 409 sin->sin_addr, sin->sin_port, 410 inp->inp_laddr.s_addr != INADDR_ANY ? inp->inp_laddr 411 : ifaddr->sin_addr, 412 inp->inp_lport, 0); 413 if (oinp) { 414 if (oinp != inp && (otp = intotcpcb(oinp)) != NULL && 415 otp->t_state == TCPS_TIME_WAIT && 416 otp->t_duration < TCPTV_MSL && 417 (otp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_CC)) 418 otp = tcp_close(otp); 419 else 420 return EADDRINUSE; 421 } 422 if (inp->inp_laddr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) 423 inp->inp_laddr = ifaddr->sin_addr; 424 inp->inp_faddr = sin->sin_addr; 425 inp->inp_fport = sin->sin_port; 426 427 tp->t_template = tcp_template(tp); 428 if (tp->t_template == 0) { 429 in_pcbdisconnect(inp); 430 return ENOBUFS; 431 } 432 433 /* Compute window scaling to request. */ 434 while (tp->request_r_scale < TCP_MAX_WINSHIFT && 435 (TCP_MAXWIN << tp->request_r_scale) < so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat) 436 tp->request_r_scale++; 437 438 soisconnecting(so); 439 tcpstat.tcps_connattempt++; 440 tp->t_state = TCPS_SYN_SENT; 441 tp->t_timer[TCPT_KEEP] = TCPTV_KEEP_INIT; 442 tp->iss = tcp_iss; tcp_iss += TCP_ISSINCR/2; 443 tcp_sendseqinit(tp); 444 tp->cc_send = CC_INC(tcp_ccgen); 445 446 return 0; 447 } 448 449 int 450 tcp_ctloutput(op, so, level, optname, mp) 451 int op; 452 struct socket *so; 453 int level, optname; 454 struct mbuf **mp; 455 { 456 int error = 0, s; 457 struct inpcb *inp; 458 register struct tcpcb *tp; 459 register struct mbuf *m; 460 register int i; 461 462 s = splnet(); 463 inp = sotoinpcb(so); 464 if (inp == NULL) { 465 splx(s); 466 if (op == PRCO_SETOPT && *mp) 467 (void) m_free(*mp); 468 return (ECONNRESET); 469 } 470 if (level != IPPROTO_TCP) { 471 error = ip_ctloutput(op, so, level, optname, mp); 472 splx(s); 473 return (error); 474 } 475 tp = intotcpcb(inp); 476 477 switch (op) { 478 479 case PRCO_SETOPT: 480 m = *mp; 481 switch (optname) { 482 483 case TCP_NODELAY: 484 if (m == NULL || m->m_len < sizeof (int)) 485 error = EINVAL; 486 else if (*mtod(m, int *)) 487 tp->t_flags |= TF_NODELAY; 488 else 489 tp->t_flags &= ~TF_NODELAY; 490 break; 491 492 case TCP_MAXSEG: 493 if (m && (i = *mtod(m, int *)) > 0 && i <= tp->t_maxseg) 494 tp->t_maxseg = i; 495 else 496 error = EINVAL; 497 break; 498 499 case TCP_NOOPT: 500 if (m == NULL || m->m_len < sizeof (int)) 501 error = EINVAL; 502 else if (*mtod(m, int *)) 503 tp->t_flags |= TF_NOOPT; 504 else 505 tp->t_flags &= ~TF_NOOPT; 506 break; 507 508 case TCP_NOPUSH: 509 if (m == NULL || m->m_len < sizeof (int)) 510 error = EINVAL; 511 else if (*mtod(m, int *)) 512 tp->t_flags |= TF_NOPUSH; 513 else 514 tp->t_flags &= ~TF_NOPUSH; 515 break; 516 517 default: 518 error = ENOPROTOOPT; 519 break; 520 } 521 if (m) 522 (void) m_free(m); 523 break; 524 525 case PRCO_GETOPT: 526 *mp = m = m_get(M_WAIT, MT_SOOPTS); 527 m->m_len = sizeof(int); 528 529 switch (optname) { 530 case TCP_NODELAY: 531 *mtod(m, int *) = tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY; 532 break; 533 case TCP_MAXSEG: 534 *mtod(m, int *) = tp->t_maxseg; 535 break; 536 case TCP_NOOPT: 537 *mtod(m, int *) = tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT; 538 break; 539 case TCP_NOPUSH: 540 *mtod(m, int *) = tp->t_flags & TF_NOPUSH; 541 break; 542 default: 543 error = ENOPROTOOPT; 544 break; 545 } 546 break; 547 } 548 splx(s); 549 return (error); 550 } 551 552 /* 553 * tcp_sendspace and tcp_recvspace are the default send and receive window 554 * sizes, respectively. These are obsolescent (this information should 555 * be set by the route). 556 */ 557 u_long tcp_sendspace = 1024*16; 558 u_long tcp_recvspace = 1024*16; 559 560 /* 561 * Attach TCP protocol to socket, allocating 562 * internet protocol control block, tcp control block, 563 * bufer space, and entering LISTEN state if to accept connections. 564 */ 565 int 566 tcp_attach(so) 567 struct socket *so; 568 { 569 register struct tcpcb *tp; 570 struct inpcb *inp; 571 int error; 572 573 if (so->so_snd.sb_hiwat == 0 || so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat == 0) { 574 error = soreserve(so, tcp_sendspace, tcp_recvspace); 575 if (error) 576 return (error); 577 } 578 error = in_pcballoc(so, &tcb); 579 if (error) 580 return (error); 581 inp = sotoinpcb(so); 582 tp = tcp_newtcpcb(inp); 583 if (tp == 0) { 584 int nofd = so->so_state & SS_NOFDREF; /* XXX */ 585 586 so->so_state &= ~SS_NOFDREF; /* don't free the socket yet */ 587 in_pcbdetach(inp); 588 so->so_state |= nofd; 589 return (ENOBUFS); 590 } 591 tp->t_state = TCPS_CLOSED; 592 return (0); 593 } 594 595 /* 596 * Initiate (or continue) disconnect. 597 * If embryonic state, just send reset (once). 598 * If in ``let data drain'' option and linger null, just drop. 599 * Otherwise (hard), mark socket disconnecting and drop 600 * current input data; switch states based on user close, and 601 * send segment to peer (with FIN). 602 */ 603 struct tcpcb * 604 tcp_disconnect(tp) 605 register struct tcpcb *tp; 606 { 607 struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket; 608 609 if (tp->t_state < TCPS_ESTABLISHED) 610 tp = tcp_close(tp); 611 else if ((so->so_options & SO_LINGER) && so->so_linger == 0) 612 tp = tcp_drop(tp, 0); 613 else { 614 soisdisconnecting(so); 615 sbflush(&so->so_rcv); 616 tp = tcp_usrclosed(tp); 617 if (tp) 618 (void) tcp_output(tp); 619 } 620 return (tp); 621 } 622 623 /* 624 * User issued close, and wish to trail through shutdown states: 625 * if never received SYN, just forget it. If got a SYN from peer, 626 * but haven't sent FIN, then go to FIN_WAIT_1 state to send peer a FIN. 627 * If already got a FIN from peer, then almost done; go to LAST_ACK 628 * state. In all other cases, have already sent FIN to peer (e.g. 629 * after PRU_SHUTDOWN), and just have to play tedious game waiting 630 * for peer to send FIN or not respond to keep-alives, etc. 631 * We can let the user exit from the close as soon as the FIN is acked. 632 */ 633 struct tcpcb * 634 tcp_usrclosed(tp) 635 register struct tcpcb *tp; 636 { 637 638 switch (tp->t_state) { 639 640 case TCPS_CLOSED: 641 case TCPS_LISTEN: 642 tp->t_state = TCPS_CLOSED; 643 tp = tcp_close(tp); 644 break; 645 646 case TCPS_SYN_SENT: 647 case TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED: 648 tp->t_flags |= TF_NEEDFIN; 649 break; 650 651 case TCPS_ESTABLISHED: 652 tp->t_state = TCPS_FIN_WAIT_1; 653 break; 654 655 case TCPS_CLOSE_WAIT: 656 tp->t_state = TCPS_LAST_ACK; 657 break; 658 } 659 if (tp && tp->t_state >= TCPS_FIN_WAIT_2) 660 soisdisconnected(tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket); 661 return (tp); 662 } 663 664 /* 665 * Sysctl for tcp variables. 666 */ 667 int 668 tcp_sysctl(name, namelen, oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen) 669 int *name; 670 u_int namelen; 671 void *oldp; 672 size_t *oldlenp; 673 void *newp; 674 size_t newlen; 675 { 676 extern int tcp_do_rfc1323; /* XXX */ 677 extern int tcp_do_rfc1644; /* XXX */ 678 extern int tcp_mssdflt; /* XXX */ 679 extern int tcp_rttdflt; /* XXX */ 680 681 /* All sysctl names at this level are terminal. */ 682 if (namelen != 1) 683 return (ENOTDIR); 684 685 switch (name[0]) { 686 case TCPCTL_DO_RFC1323: 687 return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, 688 &tcp_do_rfc1323)); 689 case TCPCTL_DO_RFC1644: 690 return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, 691 &tcp_do_rfc1644)); 692 case TCPCTL_MSSDFLT: 693 return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, 694 &tcp_mssdflt)); 695 case TCPCTL_STATS: 696 return (sysctl_rdstruct(oldp, oldlenp, newp, &tcpstat, 697 sizeof tcpstat)); 698 case TCPCTL_RTTDFLT: 699 return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, &tcp_rttdflt)); 700 case TCPCTL_KEEPIDLE: 701 return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, 702 &tcp_keepidle)); 703 case TCPCTL_KEEPINTVL: 704 return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, 705 &tcp_keepintvl)); 706 case TCPCTL_SENDSPACE: 707 return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, 708 (int *)&tcp_sendspace)); /* XXX */ 709 case TCPCTL_RECVSPACE: 710 return (sysctl_int(oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen, 711 (int *)&tcp_recvspace)); /* XXX */ 712 default: 713 return (ENOPROTOOPT); 714 } 715 /* NOTREACHED */ 716 } 717