xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/tcp_timer.h (revision 06c3fb2749bda94cb5201f81ffdb8fa6c3161b2e)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef _NETINET_TCP_TIMER_H_
33 #define _NETINET_TCP_TIMER_H_
34 
35 /*
36  * The TCPT_REXMT timer is used to force retransmissions.
37  * The TCP has the TCPT_REXMT timer set whenever segments
38  * have been sent for which ACKs are expected but not yet
39  * received.  If an ACK is received which advances tp->snd_una,
40  * then the retransmit timer is cleared (if there are no more
41  * outstanding segments) or reset to the base value (if there
42  * are more ACKs expected).  Whenever the retransmit timer goes off,
43  * we retransmit one unacknowledged segment, and do a backoff
44  * on the retransmit timer.
45  *
46  * The TCPT_PERSIST timer is used to keep window size information
47  * flowing even if the window goes shut.  If all previous transmissions
48  * have been acknowledged (so that there are no retransmissions in progress),
49  * and the window is too small to bother sending anything, then we start
50  * the TCPT_PERSIST timer.  When it expires, if the window is nonzero,
51  * we go to transmit state.  Otherwise, at intervals send a single byte
52  * into the peer's window to force him to update our window information.
53  * We do this at most as often as TCPT_PERSMIN time intervals,
54  * but no more frequently than the current estimate of round-trip
55  * packet time.  The TCPT_PERSIST timer is cleared whenever we receive
56  * a window update from the peer.
57  *
58  * The TCPT_KEEP timer is used to keep connections alive.  If an
59  * connection is idle (no segments received) for TCPTV_KEEP_INIT amount of time,
60  * but not yet established, then we drop the connection.  Once the connection
61  * is established, if the connection is idle for TCPTV_KEEP_IDLE time
62  * (and keepalives have been enabled on the socket), we begin to probe
63  * the connection.  We force the peer to send us a segment by sending:
64  *	<SEQ=SND.UNA-1><ACK=RCV.NXT><CTL=ACK>
65  * This segment is (deliberately) outside the window, and should elicit
66  * an ack segment in response from the peer.  If, despite the TCPT_KEEP
67  * initiated segments we cannot elicit a response from a peer in TCPT_MAXIDLE
68  * amount of time probing, then we drop the connection.
69  */
70 
71 /*
72  * Time constants.
73  */
74 #define	TCPTV_MSL	( 30*hz)		/* max seg lifetime (hah!) */
75 #define	TCPTV_SRTTBASE	0			/* base roundtrip time;
76 						   if 0, no idea yet */
77 #define	TCPTV_RTOBASE	(  1*hz)		/* assumed RTO if no info */
78 
79 #define	TCPTV_PERSMIN	(  5*hz)		/* minimum persist interval */
80 #define	TCPTV_PERSMAX	( 60*hz)		/* maximum persist interval */
81 
82 #define	TCPTV_KEEP_INIT	( 75*hz)		/* initial connect keepalive */
83 #define	TCPTV_KEEP_IDLE	(120*60*hz)		/* dflt time before probing */
84 #define	TCPTV_KEEPINTVL	( 75*hz)		/* default probe interval */
85 #define	TCPTV_KEEPCNT	8			/* max probes before drop */
86 #define	TCPTV_MAXUNACKTIME	0		/* max time without making progress */
87 
88 #define TCPTV_FINWAIT2_TIMEOUT (60*hz)         /* FIN_WAIT_2 timeout if no receiver */
89 
90 /*
91  * Minimum retransmit timer is 3 ticks, for algorithmic stability.
92  * TCPT_RANGESET() will add another TCPTV_CPU_VAR to deal with
93  * the expected worst-case processing variances by the kernels
94  * representing the end points.  Such variances do not always show
95  * up in the srtt because the timestamp is often calculated at
96  * the interface rather then at the TCP layer.  This value is
97  * typically 50ms.  However, it is also possible that delayed
98  * acks (typically 100ms) could create issues so we set the slop
99  * to 200ms to try to cover it.  Note that, properly speaking,
100  * delayed-acks should not create a major issue for interactive
101  * environments which 'P'ush the last segment, at least as
102  * long as implementations do the required 'at least one ack
103  * for every two packets' for the non-interactive streaming case.
104  * (maybe the RTO calculation should use 2*RTT instead of RTT
105  * to handle the ack-every-other-packet case).
106  *
107  * The prior minimum of 1*hz (1 second) badly breaks throughput on any
108  * networks faster then a modem that has minor (e.g. 1%) packet loss.
109  */
110 #define	TCPTV_MIN	( hz/33 )		/* minimum allowable value */
111 #define TCPTV_CPU_VAR	( hz/5 )		/* cpu variance allowed (200ms) */
112 #define	TCPTV_REXMTMAX	( 64*hz)		/* max allowable REXMT value */
113 
114 #define TCPTV_TWTRUNC	8			/* RTO factor to truncate TW */
115 
116 #define	TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT	12			/* maximum retransmits */
117 
118 #define	TCPTV_DELACK	( hz/25 )		/* 40ms timeout */
119 
120 /*
121  * If we exceed this number of retransmits for a single segment, we'll consider
122  * the current srtt measurement no longer valid and will recalculate from
123  * scratch starting with the next ACK.
124  */
125 #define TCP_RTT_INVALIDATE (TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT / 4)
126 
127 /*
128  * Force a time value to be in a certain range.
129  */
130 #define	TCPT_RANGESET(tv, value, tvmin, tvmax) do { \
131 	(tv) = (value) + tcp_rexmit_slop; \
132 	if ((u_long)(tv) < (u_long)(tvmin)) \
133 		(tv) = (tvmin); \
134 	if ((u_long)(tv) > (u_long)(tvmax)) \
135 		(tv) = (tvmax); \
136 } while(0)
137 
138 #ifdef _KERNEL
139 
140 #define	TP_KEEPINIT(tp)	((tp)->t_keepinit ? (tp)->t_keepinit : tcp_keepinit)
141 #define	TP_KEEPIDLE(tp)	((tp)->t_keepidle ? (tp)->t_keepidle : tcp_keepidle)
142 #define	TP_KEEPINTVL(tp) ((tp)->t_keepintvl ? (tp)->t_keepintvl : tcp_keepintvl)
143 #define	TP_KEEPCNT(tp)	((tp)->t_keepcnt ? (tp)->t_keepcnt : tcp_keepcnt)
144 #define	TP_MAXIDLE(tp)	(TP_KEEPCNT(tp) * TP_KEEPINTVL(tp))
145 #define	TP_MAXUNACKTIME(tp)	\
146     ((tp)->t_maxunacktime ? (tp)->t_maxunacktime : tcp_maxunacktime)
147 
148 /*
149  * Obtain the time until the restransmit timer should fire.
150  * This macro ensures the restransmit timer fires at the earlier of the
151  * t_rxtcur value or the time the maxunacktime would be exceeded.
152  */
153 #define	TP_RXTCUR(tp)							\
154     ((TP_MAXUNACKTIME(tp) == 0 || tp->t_acktime == 0) ? tp->t_rxtcur :	\
155     max(1, min(tp->t_rxtcur, tp->t_acktime + TP_MAXUNACKTIME(tp) - ticks)))
156 
157 extern int tcp_persmin;			/* minimum persist interval */
158 extern int tcp_persmax;			/* maximum persist interval */
159 extern int tcp_keepinit;		/* time to establish connection */
160 extern int tcp_keepidle;		/* time before keepalive probes begin */
161 extern int tcp_keepintvl;		/* time between keepalive probes */
162 extern int tcp_keepcnt;			/* number of keepalives */
163 extern int tcp_delacktime;		/* time before sending a delayed ACK */
164 extern int tcp_maxunacktime;		/* max time without making progress */
165 extern int tcp_maxpersistidle;
166 extern int tcp_rexmit_initial;
167 extern int tcp_rexmit_min;
168 extern int tcp_rexmit_slop;
169 extern int tcp_ttl;			/* time to live for TCP segs */
170 extern int tcp_backoff[];
171 extern int tcp_totbackoff;
172 extern int tcp_rexmit_drop_options;
173 
174 extern int tcp_finwait2_timeout;
175 extern int tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle;
176 
177 VNET_DECLARE(int, tcp_always_keepalive);
178 #define	V_tcp_always_keepalive		VNET(tcp_always_keepalive)
179 VNET_DECLARE(int, tcp_pmtud_blackhole_detect);
180 #define V_tcp_pmtud_blackhole_detect	VNET(tcp_pmtud_blackhole_detect)
181 VNET_DECLARE(int, tcp_pmtud_blackhole_mss);
182 #define	V_tcp_pmtud_blackhole_mss	VNET(tcp_pmtud_blackhole_mss)
183 VNET_DECLARE(int, tcp_v6pmtud_blackhole_mss);
184 #define V_tcp_v6pmtud_blackhole_mss	VNET(tcp_v6pmtud_blackhole_mss)
185 VNET_DECLARE(int, tcp_msl);
186 #define V_tcp_msl			VNET(tcp_msl)
187 
188 #endif /* _KERNEL */
189 
190 #endif /* !_NETINET_TCP_TIMER_H_ */
191