xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/tcp_timer.c (revision db612abe8df3355d1eb23bb3b50fdd97bc21e979)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  *	@(#)tcp_timer.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
34 
35 #include "opt_inet6.h"
36 #include "opt_tcpdebug.h"
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/kernel.h>
40 #include <sys/lock.h>
41 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
42 #include <sys/mutex.h>
43 #include <sys/protosw.h>
44 #include <sys/socket.h>
45 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
47 #include <sys/systm.h>
48 
49 #include <net/route.h>
50 
51 #include <netinet/in.h>
52 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
53 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
54 #ifdef INET6
55 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
56 #endif
57 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
58 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
59 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
60 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
61 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
62 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
63 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
64 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h>
65 #endif
66 
67 int	tcp_keepinit;
68 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPINIT, keepinit, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
69     &tcp_keepinit, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
70 
71 int	tcp_keepidle;
72 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPIDLE, keepidle, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
73     &tcp_keepidle, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
74 
75 int	tcp_keepintvl;
76 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPINTVL, keepintvl, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
77     &tcp_keepintvl, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
78 
79 int	tcp_delacktime;
80 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_DELACKTIME, delacktime, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
81     &tcp_delacktime, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
82     "Time before a delayed ACK is sent");
83 
84 int	tcp_msl;
85 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, msl, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
86     &tcp_msl, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "Maximum segment lifetime");
87 
88 int	tcp_rexmit_min;
89 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, rexmit_min, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
90     &tcp_rexmit_min, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
91     "Minimum Retransmission Timeout");
92 
93 int	tcp_rexmit_slop;
94 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, rexmit_slop, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
95     &tcp_rexmit_slop, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
96     "Retransmission Timer Slop");
97 
98 static int	always_keepalive = 1;
99 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, always_keepalive, CTLFLAG_RW,
100     &always_keepalive , 0, "Assume SO_KEEPALIVE on all TCP connections");
101 
102 int    tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle = 0;
103 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, fast_finwait2_recycle, CTLFLAG_RW,
104     &tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle, 0,
105     "Recycle closed FIN_WAIT_2 connections faster");
106 
107 int    tcp_finwait2_timeout;
108 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, finwait2_timeout, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
109     &tcp_finwait2_timeout, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "FIN-WAIT2 timeout");
110 
111 
112 static int	tcp_keepcnt = TCPTV_KEEPCNT;
113 	/* max idle probes */
114 int	tcp_maxpersistidle;
115 	/* max idle time in persist */
116 int	tcp_maxidle;
117 
118 /*
119  * Tcp protocol timeout routine called every 500 ms.
120  * Updates timestamps used for TCP
121  * causes finite state machine actions if timers expire.
122  */
123 void
124 tcp_slowtimo(void)
125 {
126 
127 	tcp_maxidle = tcp_keepcnt * tcp_keepintvl;
128 	INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
129 	(void) tcp_tw_2msl_scan(0);
130 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
131 }
132 
133 int	tcp_syn_backoff[TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT + 1] =
134     { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 64, 64 };
135 
136 int	tcp_backoff[TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT + 1] =
137     { 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 512, 512, 512 };
138 
139 static int tcp_totbackoff = 2559;	/* sum of tcp_backoff[] */
140 
141 static int tcp_timer_race;
142 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, timer_race, CTLFLAG_RD, &tcp_timer_race,
143     0, "Count of t_inpcb races on tcp_discardcb");
144 
145 /*
146  * TCP timer processing.
147  */
148 
149 void
150 tcp_timer_delack(void *xtp)
151 {
152 	struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
153 	struct inpcb *inp;
154 
155 	INP_INFO_RLOCK(&tcbinfo);
156 	inp = tp->t_inpcb;
157 	/*
158 	 * XXXRW: While this assert is in fact correct, bugs in the tcpcb
159 	 * tear-down mean we need it as a work-around for races between
160 	 * timers and tcp_discardcb().
161 	 *
162 	 * KASSERT(inp != NULL, ("tcp_timer_delack: inp == NULL"));
163 	 */
164 	if (inp == NULL) {
165 		tcp_timer_race++;
166 		INP_INFO_RUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
167 		return;
168 	}
169 	INP_WLOCK(inp);
170 	INP_INFO_RUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
171 	if ((inp->inp_vflag & INP_DROPPED) || callout_pending(&tp->t_timers->tt_delack)
172 	    || !callout_active(&tp->t_timers->tt_delack)) {
173 		INP_WUNLOCK(inp);
174 		return;
175 	}
176 	callout_deactivate(&tp->t_timers->tt_delack);
177 
178 	tp->t_flags |= TF_ACKNOW;
179 	tcpstat.tcps_delack++;
180 	(void) tcp_output(tp);
181 	INP_WUNLOCK(inp);
182 }
183 
184 void
185 tcp_timer_2msl(void *xtp)
186 {
187 	struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
188 	struct inpcb *inp;
189 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
190 	int ostate;
191 
192 	ostate = tp->t_state;
193 #endif
194 	/*
195 	 * XXXRW: Does this actually happen?
196 	 */
197 	INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
198 	inp = tp->t_inpcb;
199 	/*
200 	 * XXXRW: While this assert is in fact correct, bugs in the tcpcb
201 	 * tear-down mean we need it as a work-around for races between
202 	 * timers and tcp_discardcb().
203 	 *
204 	 * KASSERT(inp != NULL, ("tcp_timer_2msl: inp == NULL"));
205 	 */
206 	if (inp == NULL) {
207 		tcp_timer_race++;
208 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
209 		return;
210 	}
211 	INP_WLOCK(inp);
212 	tcp_free_sackholes(tp);
213 	if ((inp->inp_vflag & INP_DROPPED) || callout_pending(&tp->t_timers->tt_2msl) ||
214 	    !callout_active(&tp->t_timers->tt_2msl)) {
215 		INP_WUNLOCK(tp->t_inpcb);
216 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
217 		return;
218 	}
219 	callout_deactivate(&tp->t_timers->tt_2msl);
220 	/*
221 	 * 2 MSL timeout in shutdown went off.  If we're closed but
222 	 * still waiting for peer to close and connection has been idle
223 	 * too long, or if 2MSL time is up from TIME_WAIT, delete connection
224 	 * control block.  Otherwise, check again in a bit.
225 	 *
226 	 * If fastrecycle of FIN_WAIT_2, in FIN_WAIT_2 and receiver has closed,
227 	 * there's no point in hanging onto FIN_WAIT_2 socket. Just close it.
228 	 * Ignore fact that there were recent incoming segments.
229 	 */
230 	if (tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle && tp->t_state == TCPS_FIN_WAIT_2 &&
231 	    tp->t_inpcb && tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket &&
232 	    (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_rcv.sb_state & SBS_CANTRCVMORE)) {
233 		tcpstat.tcps_finwait2_drops++;
234 		tp = tcp_close(tp);
235 	} else {
236 		if (tp->t_state != TCPS_TIME_WAIT &&
237 		   (ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) <= tcp_maxidle)
238 		       callout_reset(&tp->t_timers->tt_2msl, tcp_keepintvl,
239 				     tcp_timer_2msl, tp);
240 	       else
241 		       tp = tcp_close(tp);
242        }
243 
244 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
245 	if (tp != NULL && (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG))
246 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
247 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
248 #endif
249 	if (tp != NULL)
250 		INP_WUNLOCK(inp);
251 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
252 }
253 
254 void
255 tcp_timer_keep(void *xtp)
256 {
257 	struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
258 	struct tcptemp *t_template;
259 	struct inpcb *inp;
260 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
261 	int ostate;
262 
263 	ostate = tp->t_state;
264 #endif
265 	INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
266 	inp = tp->t_inpcb;
267 	/*
268 	 * XXXRW: While this assert is in fact correct, bugs in the tcpcb
269 	 * tear-down mean we need it as a work-around for races between
270 	 * timers and tcp_discardcb().
271 	 *
272 	 * KASSERT(inp != NULL, ("tcp_timer_keep: inp == NULL"));
273 	 */
274 	if (inp == NULL) {
275 		tcp_timer_race++;
276 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
277 		return;
278 	}
279 	INP_WLOCK(inp);
280 	if ((inp->inp_vflag & INP_DROPPED) || callout_pending(&tp->t_timers->tt_keep)
281 	    || !callout_active(&tp->t_timers->tt_keep)) {
282 		INP_WUNLOCK(inp);
283 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
284 		return;
285 	}
286 	callout_deactivate(&tp->t_timers->tt_keep);
287 	/*
288 	 * Keep-alive timer went off; send something
289 	 * or drop connection if idle for too long.
290 	 */
291 	tcpstat.tcps_keeptimeo++;
292 	if (tp->t_state < TCPS_ESTABLISHED)
293 		goto dropit;
294 	if ((always_keepalive || inp->inp_socket->so_options & SO_KEEPALIVE) &&
295 	    tp->t_state <= TCPS_CLOSING) {
296 		if ((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tcp_keepidle + tcp_maxidle)
297 			goto dropit;
298 		/*
299 		 * Send a packet designed to force a response
300 		 * if the peer is up and reachable:
301 		 * either an ACK if the connection is still alive,
302 		 * or an RST if the peer has closed the connection
303 		 * due to timeout or reboot.
304 		 * Using sequence number tp->snd_una-1
305 		 * causes the transmitted zero-length segment
306 		 * to lie outside the receive window;
307 		 * by the protocol spec, this requires the
308 		 * correspondent TCP to respond.
309 		 */
310 		tcpstat.tcps_keepprobe++;
311 		t_template = tcpip_maketemplate(inp);
312 		if (t_template) {
313 			tcp_respond(tp, t_template->tt_ipgen,
314 				    &t_template->tt_t, (struct mbuf *)NULL,
315 				    tp->rcv_nxt, tp->snd_una - 1, 0);
316 			(void) m_free(dtom(t_template));
317 		}
318 		callout_reset(&tp->t_timers->tt_keep, tcp_keepintvl, tcp_timer_keep, tp);
319 	} else
320 		callout_reset(&tp->t_timers->tt_keep, tcp_keepidle, tcp_timer_keep, tp);
321 
322 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
323 	if (inp->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
324 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
325 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
326 #endif
327 	INP_WUNLOCK(inp);
328 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
329 	return;
330 
331 dropit:
332 	tcpstat.tcps_keepdrops++;
333 	tp = tcp_drop(tp, ETIMEDOUT);
334 
335 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
336 	if (tp != NULL && (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG))
337 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
338 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
339 #endif
340 	if (tp != NULL)
341 		INP_WUNLOCK(tp->t_inpcb);
342 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
343 }
344 
345 void
346 tcp_timer_persist(void *xtp)
347 {
348 	struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
349 	struct inpcb *inp;
350 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
351 	int ostate;
352 
353 	ostate = tp->t_state;
354 #endif
355 	INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
356 	inp = tp->t_inpcb;
357 	/*
358 	 * XXXRW: While this assert is in fact correct, bugs in the tcpcb
359 	 * tear-down mean we need it as a work-around for races between
360 	 * timers and tcp_discardcb().
361 	 *
362 	 * KASSERT(inp != NULL, ("tcp_timer_persist: inp == NULL"));
363 	 */
364 	if (inp == NULL) {
365 		tcp_timer_race++;
366 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
367 		return;
368 	}
369 	INP_WLOCK(inp);
370 	if ((inp->inp_vflag & INP_DROPPED) || callout_pending(&tp->t_timers->tt_persist)
371 	    || !callout_active(&tp->t_timers->tt_persist)) {
372 		INP_WUNLOCK(inp);
373 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
374 		return;
375 	}
376 	callout_deactivate(&tp->t_timers->tt_persist);
377 	/*
378 	 * Persistance timer into zero window.
379 	 * Force a byte to be output, if possible.
380 	 */
381 	tcpstat.tcps_persisttimeo++;
382 	/*
383 	 * Hack: if the peer is dead/unreachable, we do not
384 	 * time out if the window is closed.  After a full
385 	 * backoff, drop the connection if the idle time
386 	 * (no responses to probes) reaches the maximum
387 	 * backoff that we would use if retransmitting.
388 	 */
389 	if (tp->t_rxtshift == TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT &&
390 	    ((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tcp_maxpersistidle ||
391 	     (ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_totbackoff)) {
392 		tcpstat.tcps_persistdrop++;
393 		tp = tcp_drop(tp, ETIMEDOUT);
394 		goto out;
395 	}
396 	tcp_setpersist(tp);
397 	tp->t_flags |= TF_FORCEDATA;
398 	(void) tcp_output(tp);
399 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_FORCEDATA;
400 
401 out:
402 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
403 	if (tp != NULL && tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
404 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, NULL, NULL, PRU_SLOWTIMO);
405 #endif
406 	if (tp != NULL)
407 		INP_WUNLOCK(inp);
408 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
409 }
410 
411 void
412 tcp_timer_rexmt(void * xtp)
413 {
414 	struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
415 	int rexmt;
416 	int headlocked;
417 	struct inpcb *inp;
418 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
419 	int ostate;
420 
421 	ostate = tp->t_state;
422 #endif
423 	INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
424 	headlocked = 1;
425 	inp = tp->t_inpcb;
426 	/*
427 	 * XXXRW: While this assert is in fact correct, bugs in the tcpcb
428 	 * tear-down mean we need it as a work-around for races between
429 	 * timers and tcp_discardcb().
430 	 *
431 	 * KASSERT(inp != NULL, ("tcp_timer_rexmt: inp == NULL"));
432 	 */
433 	if (inp == NULL) {
434 		tcp_timer_race++;
435 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
436 		return;
437 	}
438 	INP_WLOCK(inp);
439 	if ((inp->inp_vflag & INP_DROPPED) || callout_pending(&tp->t_timers->tt_rexmt)
440 	    || !callout_active(&tp->t_timers->tt_rexmt)) {
441 		INP_WUNLOCK(inp);
442 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
443 		return;
444 	}
445 	callout_deactivate(&tp->t_timers->tt_rexmt);
446 	tcp_free_sackholes(tp);
447 	/*
448 	 * Retransmission timer went off.  Message has not
449 	 * been acked within retransmit interval.  Back off
450 	 * to a longer retransmit interval and retransmit one segment.
451 	 */
452 	if (++tp->t_rxtshift > TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT) {
453 		tp->t_rxtshift = TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT;
454 		tcpstat.tcps_timeoutdrop++;
455 		tp = tcp_drop(tp, tp->t_softerror ?
456 			      tp->t_softerror : ETIMEDOUT);
457 		goto out;
458 	}
459 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
460 	headlocked = 0;
461 	if (tp->t_rxtshift == 1) {
462 		/*
463 		 * first retransmit; record ssthresh and cwnd so they can
464 		 * be recovered if this turns out to be a "bad" retransmit.
465 		 * A retransmit is considered "bad" if an ACK for this
466 		 * segment is received within RTT/2 interval; the assumption
467 		 * here is that the ACK was already in flight.  See
468 		 * "On Estimating End-to-End Network Path Properties" by
469 		 * Allman and Paxson for more details.
470 		 */
471 		tp->snd_cwnd_prev = tp->snd_cwnd;
472 		tp->snd_ssthresh_prev = tp->snd_ssthresh;
473 		tp->snd_recover_prev = tp->snd_recover;
474 		if (IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp))
475 		  tp->t_flags |= TF_WASFRECOVERY;
476 		else
477 		  tp->t_flags &= ~TF_WASFRECOVERY;
478 		tp->t_badrxtwin = ticks + (tp->t_srtt >> (TCP_RTT_SHIFT + 1));
479 	}
480 	tcpstat.tcps_rexmttimeo++;
481 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
482 		rexmt = TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_syn_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift];
483 	else
484 		rexmt = TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift];
485 	TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_rxtcur, rexmt,
486 		      tp->t_rttmin, TCPTV_REXMTMAX);
487 	/*
488 	 * Disable rfc1323 if we havn't got any response to
489 	 * our third SYN to work-around some broken terminal servers
490 	 * (most of which have hopefully been retired) that have bad VJ
491 	 * header compression code which trashes TCP segments containing
492 	 * unknown-to-them TCP options.
493 	 */
494 	if ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) && (tp->t_rxtshift == 3))
495 		tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_REQ_SCALE|TF_REQ_TSTMP);
496 	/*
497 	 * If we backed off this far, our srtt estimate is probably bogus.
498 	 * Clobber it so we'll take the next rtt measurement as our srtt;
499 	 * move the current srtt into rttvar to keep the current
500 	 * retransmit times until then.
501 	 */
502 	if (tp->t_rxtshift > TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT / 4) {
503 #ifdef INET6
504 		if ((tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0)
505 			in6_losing(tp->t_inpcb);
506 		else
507 #endif
508 		tp->t_rttvar += (tp->t_srtt >> TCP_RTT_SHIFT);
509 		tp->t_srtt = 0;
510 	}
511 	tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
512 	tp->snd_recover = tp->snd_max;
513 	/*
514 	 * Force a segment to be sent.
515 	 */
516 	tp->t_flags |= TF_ACKNOW;
517 	/*
518 	 * If timing a segment in this window, stop the timer.
519 	 */
520 	tp->t_rtttime = 0;
521 	/*
522 	 * Close the congestion window down to one segment
523 	 * (we'll open it by one segment for each ack we get).
524 	 * Since we probably have a window's worth of unacked
525 	 * data accumulated, this "slow start" keeps us from
526 	 * dumping all that data as back-to-back packets (which
527 	 * might overwhelm an intermediate gateway).
528 	 *
529 	 * There are two phases to the opening: Initially we
530 	 * open by one mss on each ack.  This makes the window
531 	 * size increase exponentially with time.  If the
532 	 * window is larger than the path can handle, this
533 	 * exponential growth results in dropped packet(s)
534 	 * almost immediately.  To get more time between
535 	 * drops but still "push" the network to take advantage
536 	 * of improving conditions, we switch from exponential
537 	 * to linear window opening at some threshhold size.
538 	 * For a threshhold, we use half the current window
539 	 * size, truncated to a multiple of the mss.
540 	 *
541 	 * (the minimum cwnd that will give us exponential
542 	 * growth is 2 mss.  We don't allow the threshhold
543 	 * to go below this.)
544 	 */
545 	{
546 		u_int win = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) / 2 / tp->t_maxseg;
547 		if (win < 2)
548 			win = 2;
549 		tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
550 		tp->snd_ssthresh = win * tp->t_maxseg;
551 		tp->t_dupacks = 0;
552 	}
553 	EXIT_FASTRECOVERY(tp);
554 	(void) tcp_output(tp);
555 
556 out:
557 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
558 	if (tp != NULL && (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG))
559 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
560 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
561 #endif
562 	if (tp != NULL)
563 		INP_WUNLOCK(inp);
564 	if (headlocked)
565 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
566 }
567 
568 void
569 tcp_timer_activate(struct tcpcb *tp, int timer_type, u_int delta)
570 {
571 	struct callout *t_callout;
572 	void *f_callout;
573 
574 	switch (timer_type) {
575 		case TT_DELACK:
576 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_delack;
577 			f_callout = tcp_timer_delack;
578 			break;
579 		case TT_REXMT:
580 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_rexmt;
581 			f_callout = tcp_timer_rexmt;
582 			break;
583 		case TT_PERSIST:
584 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_persist;
585 			f_callout = tcp_timer_persist;
586 			break;
587 		case TT_KEEP:
588 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_keep;
589 			f_callout = tcp_timer_keep;
590 			break;
591 		case TT_2MSL:
592 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_2msl;
593 			f_callout = tcp_timer_2msl;
594 			break;
595 		default:
596 			panic("bad timer_type");
597 		}
598 	if (delta == 0) {
599 		callout_stop(t_callout);
600 	} else {
601 		callout_reset(t_callout, delta, f_callout, tp);
602 	}
603 }
604 
605 int
606 tcp_timer_active(struct tcpcb *tp, int timer_type)
607 {
608 	struct callout *t_callout;
609 
610 	switch (timer_type) {
611 		case TT_DELACK:
612 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_delack;
613 			break;
614 		case TT_REXMT:
615 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_rexmt;
616 			break;
617 		case TT_PERSIST:
618 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_persist;
619 			break;
620 		case TT_KEEP:
621 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_keep;
622 			break;
623 		case TT_2MSL:
624 			t_callout = &tp->t_timers->tt_2msl;
625 			break;
626 		default:
627 			panic("bad timer_type");
628 		}
629 	return callout_active(t_callout);
630 }
631