xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/tcp_timer.c (revision 78007886c995898a9494648343e5236bca1cbba3)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  *	@(#)tcp_timer.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
30  * $FreeBSD$
31  */
32 
33 #include "opt_inet6.h"
34 #include "opt_tcpdebug.h"
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/kernel.h>
38 #include <sys/ktr.h>
39 #include <sys/lock.h>
40 #include <sys/limits.h>
41 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
42 #include <sys/mutex.h>
43 #include <sys/protosw.h>
44 #include <sys/socket.h>
45 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
47 #include <sys/systm.h>
48 
49 #include <net/route.h>
50 
51 #include <netinet/in.h>
52 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
53 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
54 #ifdef INET6
55 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
56 #endif
57 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
58 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
59 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
60 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
61 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
62 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
63 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
64 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h>
65 #endif
66 
67 int	tcp_keepinit;
68 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPINIT, keepinit, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
69     &tcp_keepinit, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
70 
71 int	tcp_keepidle;
72 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPIDLE, keepidle, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
73     &tcp_keepidle, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
74 
75 int	tcp_keepintvl;
76 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPINTVL, keepintvl, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
77     &tcp_keepintvl, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
78 
79 int	tcp_delacktime;
80 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_DELACKTIME, delacktime, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
81     &tcp_delacktime, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
82     "Time before a delayed ACK is sent");
83 
84 int	tcp_msl;
85 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, msl, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
86     &tcp_msl, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "Maximum segment lifetime");
87 
88 int	tcp_rexmit_min;
89 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, rexmit_min, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
90     &tcp_rexmit_min, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
91     "Minimum Retransmission Timeout");
92 
93 int	tcp_rexmit_slop;
94 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, rexmit_slop, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
95     &tcp_rexmit_slop, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
96     "Retransmission Timer Slop");
97 
98 static int	always_keepalive = 1;
99 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, always_keepalive, CTLFLAG_RW,
100     &always_keepalive , 0, "Assume SO_KEEPALIVE on all TCP connections");
101 
102 int    tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle = 0;
103 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, fast_finwait2_recycle, CTLFLAG_RW,
104     &tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle, 0,
105     "Recycle closed FIN_WAIT_2 connections faster");
106 
107 int    tcp_finwait2_timeout;
108 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, finwait2_timeout, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
109     &tcp_finwait2_timeout, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "FIN-WAIT2 timeout");
110 
111 
112 static int	tcp_keepcnt = TCPTV_KEEPCNT;
113 	/* max idle probes */
114 int	tcp_maxpersistidle;
115 	/* max idle time in persist */
116 int	tcp_maxidle;
117 
118 static void	tcp_timer(void *);
119 static int	tcp_timer_delack(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
120 static int	tcp_timer_2msl(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
121 static int	tcp_timer_keep(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
122 static int	tcp_timer_persist(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
123 static int	tcp_timer_rexmt(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
124 
125 /*
126  * Tcp protocol timeout routine called every 500 ms.
127  * Updates timestamps used for TCP
128  * causes finite state machine actions if timers expire.
129  */
130 void
131 tcp_slowtimo()
132 {
133 
134 	tcp_maxidle = tcp_keepcnt * tcp_keepintvl;
135 	INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
136 	(void) tcp_timer_2msl_tw(0);
137 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
138 }
139 
140 int	tcp_syn_backoff[TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT + 1] =
141     { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 64, 64 };
142 
143 int	tcp_backoff[TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT + 1] =
144     { 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 512, 512, 512 };
145 
146 static int tcp_totbackoff = 2559;	/* sum of tcp_backoff[] */
147 
148 static int tcp_timer_race;
149 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, timer_race, CTLFLAG_RD, &tcp_timer_race,
150     0, "Count of t_inpcb races on tcp_discardcb");
151 
152 
153 void
154 tcp_timer_activate(struct tcpcb *tp, int timer_type, u_int delta)
155 {
156 	struct inpcb *inp = tp->t_inpcb;
157 	struct tcp_timer *tt = tp->t_timers;
158 	int tick = ticks;			/* Stable time base. */
159 	int next = delta ? tick + delta : 0;
160 
161 	INP_LOCK_ASSERT(inp);
162 
163 	CTR6(KTR_NET, "%p %s inp %p active %x delta %i nextc %i",
164 	    tp, __func__, inp, tt->tt_active, delta, tt->tt_nextc);
165 
166 	/* Set new value for timer. */
167 	switch(timer_type) {
168 	case TT_DELACK:
169 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_DELACK old %i new %i",
170 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_delack, next);
171 		tt->tt_delack = next;
172 		break;
173 	case TT_REXMT:
174 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_REXMT old %i new %i",
175 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_rexmt, next);
176 		tt->tt_rexmt = next;
177 		break;
178 	case TT_PERSIST:
179 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_PERSIST old %i new %i",
180 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_persist, next);
181 		tt->tt_persist = next;
182 		break;
183 	case TT_KEEP:
184 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_KEEP old %i new %i",
185 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_keep, next);
186 		tt->tt_keep = next;
187 		break;
188 	case TT_2MSL:
189 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_2MSL old %i new %i",
190 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_2msl, next);
191 		tt->tt_2msl = next;
192 		break;
193 	case 0:					/* Dummy for timer rescan. */
194 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s timer rescan new %i", tp, __func__, next);
195 		break;
196 	}
197 
198 	/* If some other timer is active and is schedules sooner just return. */
199 	if (tt->tt_active != timer_type && tt->tt_nextc < next &&
200 	    callout_active(&tt->tt_timer))
201 		return;
202 
203 	/* Select next timer to schedule. */
204 	tt->tt_nextc = INT_MAX;
205 	tt->tt_active = 0;
206 	if (tt->tt_delack && tt->tt_delack < tt->tt_nextc) {
207 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_delack;
208 		tt->tt_active = TT_DELACK;
209 	}
210 	if (tt->tt_rexmt && tt->tt_rexmt < tt->tt_nextc) {
211 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_rexmt;
212 		tt->tt_active = TT_REXMT;
213 	}
214 	if (tt->tt_persist && tt->tt_persist < tt->tt_nextc) {
215 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_persist;
216 		tt->tt_active = TT_PERSIST;
217 	}
218 	if (tt->tt_keep && tt->tt_keep < tt->tt_nextc) {
219 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_keep;
220 		tt->tt_active = TT_KEEP;
221 	}
222 	if (tt->tt_2msl && tt->tt_2msl < tt->tt_nextc) {
223 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_2msl;
224 		tt->tt_active = TT_2MSL;
225 	}
226 
227 	/* Rearm callout with new timer if we found one. */
228 	if (tt->tt_active) {
229 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s callout_reset active %x nextc in %i",
230 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_active, tt->tt_nextc - tick);
231 		callout_reset(&tt->tt_timer,
232 		    tt->tt_nextc - tick, tcp_timer, (void *)inp);
233 	} else {
234 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s callout_stop", tp, __func__);
235 		callout_stop(&tt->tt_timer);
236 		tt->tt_nextc = 0;
237 	}
238 
239 	return;
240 }
241 
242 int
243 tcp_timer_active(struct tcpcb *tp, int timer_type)
244 {
245 
246 	switch (timer_type) {
247 	case TT_DELACK:
248 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_DELACK %i",
249 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_delack);
250 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_delack ? 1 : 0);
251 		break;
252 	case TT_REXMT:
253 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_REXMT %i",
254 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_rexmt);
255 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_rexmt ? 1 : 0);
256 		break;
257 	case TT_PERSIST:
258 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_PERSIST %i",
259 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_persist);
260 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_persist ? 1 : 0);
261 		break;
262 	case TT_KEEP:
263 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_KEEP %i",
264 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_keep);
265 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_keep ? 1 : 0);
266 		break;
267 	case TT_2MSL:
268 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_2MSL %i",
269 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_2msl);
270 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_2msl ? 1 : 0);
271 		break;
272 	}
273 	return (0);
274 }
275 
276 static void
277 tcp_timer(void *xinp)
278 {
279 	struct inpcb *inp = (struct inpcb *)xinp;
280 	struct tcpcb *tp = intotcpcb(inp);
281 	struct tcp_timer *tt;
282 	int tick = ticks;
283 	int down, timer;
284 
285 	/* INP lock was obtained by callout. */
286 	INP_LOCK_ASSERT(inp);
287 
288 	/*
289 	 * We've got a couple of race conditions here:
290 	 * - The tcpcb was converted into a compressed TW pcb.  All our
291 	 *   timers have been stopped while this callout already tried
292 	 *   to obtain the inpcb lock.  TW pcbs have their own timers
293 	 *   and we just return.
294 	 */
295 	if (inp->inp_vflag & INP_TIMEWAIT)
296 		return;
297 	/*
298 	 * - The tcpcb was discarded.  All our timers have been stopped
299 	 *   while this callout already tried to obtain the inpcb lock
300 	 *   and we just return.
301 	 */
302 	if (tp == NULL)
303 		return;
304 
305 	tt = tp->t_timers;	/* Initialize. */
306 	CTR6(KTR_NET, "%p %s inp %p active %x tick %i nextc %i",
307 	    tp, __func__, inp, tt->tt_active, tick, tt->tt_nextc);
308 
309 	/*
310 	 * - We may have been waiting on the lock while the tcpcb has
311 	 *   been scheduled for destruction.  In this case no active
312 	 *   timers remain and we just return.
313 	 */
314 	if (tt->tt_active == 0)
315 		goto done;
316 
317 	/*
318 	 * - The timer was rescheduled while this callout was already
319 	 *   waiting on the lock.  This may happen when a packet just
320 	 *   came in.  Rescan and reschedule the the timer in case we
321 	 *   just turned it off.
322 	 */
323 	if (tick < tt->tt_nextc)
324 		goto rescan;
325 
326 	/*
327 	 * Mark as done.  The active bit in struct callout is not
328 	 * automatically cleared.  See callout(9) for more info.
329 	 * In tcp_discardcb() we depend on the correctly cleared
330 	 * active bit for faster processing.
331 	 */
332 	callout_deactivate(&tt->tt_timer);
333 
334 	/* Check which timer has fired and remove this timer activation. */
335 	timer = tt->tt_active;
336 	tt->tt_active = 0;
337 	tt->tt_nextc = 0;
338 
339 	switch (timer) {
340 	case TT_DELACK:
341 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_DELACK", tp, __func__);
342 		tt->tt_delack = 0;
343 		down = tcp_timer_delack(tp, inp);	/* down == 0 */
344 		break;
345 	case TT_REXMT:
346 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_REXMT", tp, __func__);
347 		tt->tt_rexmt = 0;
348 		down = tcp_timer_rexmt(tp, inp);
349 		break;
350 	case TT_PERSIST:
351 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_PERSIST", tp, __func__);
352 		tt->tt_persist = 0;
353 		down = tcp_timer_persist(tp, inp);
354 		break;
355 	case TT_KEEP:
356 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_KEEP", tp, __func__);
357 		tt->tt_keep = 0;
358 		down = tcp_timer_keep(tp, inp);
359 		break;
360 	case TT_2MSL:
361 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_2MSL", tp, __func__);
362 		tt->tt_2msl = 0;
363 		down = tcp_timer_2msl(tp, inp);
364 		break;
365 	default:
366 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running nothing", tp, __func__);
367 		down = 0;
368 	}
369 
370 	CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s down %i active %x",
371 	    tp, __func__, down, tt->tt_active);
372 	/* Do we still exist? */
373 	if (down)
374 		goto shutdown;
375 
376 rescan:
377 	/* Rescan if no timer was reactivated above. */
378 	if (tt->tt_active == 0)
379 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, 0, 0);
380 
381 done:
382 	INP_UNLOCK(inp);		/* CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED */
383 	return;
384 
385 shutdown:
386 	INP_UNLOCK(inp);		/* Prevent LOR at expense of race. */
387 	INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
388 	INP_LOCK(inp);
389 
390 	/* When tp is gone we've lost the race. */
391 	if (inp->inp_ppcb == NULL) {
392 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s inp %p lost shutdown race",
393 		    tp, __func__, inp);
394 		tcp_timer_race++;
395 		INP_UNLOCK(inp);	/* CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED */
396 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
397 		return;
398 	}
399 	KASSERT(tp == inp->inp_ppcb, ("%s: tp changed", __func__));
400 
401 	/* Shutdown the connection. */
402 	switch (down) {
403 	case 1:
404 		tp = tcp_close(tp);
405 		break;
406 	case 2:
407 		tp = tcp_drop(tp,
408 			tp->t_softerror ? tp->t_softerror : ETIMEDOUT);
409 		break;
410 	}
411 	CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s inp %p after shutdown", tp, __func__, inp);
412 
413 	if (tp)
414 		INP_UNLOCK(inp);	/* CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED */
415 
416 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
417 	return;
418 }
419 
420 
421 /*
422  * TCP timer processing.
423  */
424 static int
425 tcp_timer_delack(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
426 {
427 
428 	tp->t_flags |= TF_ACKNOW;
429 	tcpstat.tcps_delack++;
430 	(void) tcp_output(tp);
431 	return (0);
432 }
433 
434 static int
435 tcp_timer_2msl(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
436 {
437 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
438 	int ostate;
439 
440 	ostate = tp->t_state;
441 #endif
442 	/*
443 	 * 2 MSL timeout in shutdown went off.  If we're closed but
444 	 * still waiting for peer to close and connection has been idle
445 	 * too long, or if 2MSL time is up from TIME_WAIT, delete connection
446 	 * control block.  Otherwise, check again in a bit.
447 	 *
448 	 * If fastrecycle of FIN_WAIT_2, in FIN_WAIT_2 and receiver has closed,
449 	 * there's no point in hanging onto FIN_WAIT_2 socket. Just close it.
450 	 * Ignore fact that there were recent incoming segments.
451 	 */
452 	if (tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle && tp->t_state == TCPS_FIN_WAIT_2 &&
453 	    tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket &&
454 	    (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_rcv.sb_state & SBS_CANTRCVMORE)) {
455 		tcpstat.tcps_finwait2_drops++;
456 		return (1);		/* tcp_close() */
457 	} else {
458 		if (tp->t_state != TCPS_TIME_WAIT &&
459 		   (ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) <= tcp_maxidle)
460 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_2MSL, tcp_keepintvl);
461 		else
462 			return (1);	/* tcp_close( */
463 	}
464 
465 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
466 	if (tp != NULL && (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG))
467 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
468 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
469 #endif
470 	return (0);
471 }
472 
473 /*
474  * The timed wait queue contains references to each of the TCP sessions
475  * currently in the TIME_WAIT state.  The queue pointers, including the
476  * queue pointers in each tcptw structure, are protected using the global
477  * tcbinfo lock, which must be held over queue iteration and modification.
478  */
479 static TAILQ_HEAD(, tcptw)	twq_2msl;
480 
481 void
482 tcp_timer_init(void)
483 {
484 
485 	TAILQ_INIT(&twq_2msl);
486 }
487 
488 void
489 tcp_timer_2msl_reset(struct tcptw *tw, int rearm)
490 {
491 
492 	INP_INFO_WLOCK_ASSERT(&tcbinfo);
493 	INP_LOCK_ASSERT(tw->tw_inpcb);
494 	if (rearm)
495 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&twq_2msl, tw, tw_2msl);
496 	tw->tw_time = ticks + 2 * tcp_msl;
497 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&twq_2msl, tw, tw_2msl);
498 }
499 
500 void
501 tcp_timer_2msl_stop(struct tcptw *tw)
502 {
503 
504 	INP_INFO_WLOCK_ASSERT(&tcbinfo);
505 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&twq_2msl, tw, tw_2msl);
506 }
507 
508 struct tcptw *
509 tcp_timer_2msl_tw(int reuse)
510 {
511 	struct tcptw *tw;
512 
513 	INP_INFO_WLOCK_ASSERT(&tcbinfo);
514 	for (;;) {
515 		tw = TAILQ_FIRST(&twq_2msl);
516 		if (tw == NULL || (!reuse && tw->tw_time > ticks))
517 			break;
518 		INP_LOCK(tw->tw_inpcb);
519 		tcp_twclose(tw, reuse);
520 		if (reuse)
521 			return (tw);
522 	}
523 	return (NULL);
524 }
525 
526 static int
527 tcp_timer_keep(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
528 {
529 	struct tcptemp *t_template;
530 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
531 	int ostate;
532 
533 	ostate = tp->t_state;
534 #endif
535 	/*
536 	 * Keep-alive timer went off; send something
537 	 * or drop connection if idle for too long.
538 	 */
539 	tcpstat.tcps_keeptimeo++;
540 	if (tp->t_state < TCPS_ESTABLISHED)
541 		goto dropit;
542 	if ((always_keepalive || inp->inp_socket->so_options & SO_KEEPALIVE) &&
543 	    tp->t_state <= TCPS_CLOSING) {
544 		if ((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tcp_keepidle + tcp_maxidle)
545 			goto dropit;
546 		/*
547 		 * Send a packet designed to force a response
548 		 * if the peer is up and reachable:
549 		 * either an ACK if the connection is still alive,
550 		 * or an RST if the peer has closed the connection
551 		 * due to timeout or reboot.
552 		 * Using sequence number tp->snd_una-1
553 		 * causes the transmitted zero-length segment
554 		 * to lie outside the receive window;
555 		 * by the protocol spec, this requires the
556 		 * correspondent TCP to respond.
557 		 */
558 		tcpstat.tcps_keepprobe++;
559 		t_template = tcpip_maketemplate(inp);
560 		if (t_template) {
561 			tcp_respond(tp, t_template->tt_ipgen,
562 				    &t_template->tt_t, (struct mbuf *)NULL,
563 				    tp->rcv_nxt, tp->snd_una - 1, 0);
564 			(void) m_free(dtom(t_template));
565 		}
566 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_KEEP, tcp_keepintvl);
567 	} else
568 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_KEEP, tcp_keepidle);
569 
570 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
571 	if (inp->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
572 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
573 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
574 #endif
575 	return (0);
576 
577 dropit:
578 	tcpstat.tcps_keepdrops++;
579 	return (2);			/* tcp_drop() */
580 }
581 
582 static int
583 tcp_timer_persist(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
584 {
585 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
586 	int ostate;
587 
588 	ostate = tp->t_state;
589 #endif
590 	/*
591 	 * Persistance timer into zero window.
592 	 * Force a byte to be output, if possible.
593 	 */
594 	tcpstat.tcps_persisttimeo++;
595 	/*
596 	 * Hack: if the peer is dead/unreachable, we do not
597 	 * time out if the window is closed.  After a full
598 	 * backoff, drop the connection if the idle time
599 	 * (no responses to probes) reaches the maximum
600 	 * backoff that we would use if retransmitting.
601 	 */
602 	if (tp->t_rxtshift == TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT &&
603 	    ((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tcp_maxpersistidle ||
604 	     (ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_totbackoff)) {
605 		tcpstat.tcps_persistdrop++;
606 		return (2);		/* tcp_drop() */
607 	}
608 	tcp_setpersist(tp);
609 	tp->t_flags |= TF_FORCEDATA;
610 	(void) tcp_output(tp);
611 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_FORCEDATA;
612 
613 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
614 	if (tp != NULL && tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
615 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, NULL, NULL, PRU_SLOWTIMO);
616 #endif
617 	return (0);
618 }
619 
620 static int
621 tcp_timer_rexmt(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
622 {
623 	int rexmt;
624 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
625 	int ostate;
626 
627 	ostate = tp->t_state;
628 #endif
629 	tcp_free_sackholes(tp);
630 	/*
631 	 * Retransmission timer went off.  Message has not
632 	 * been acked within retransmit interval.  Back off
633 	 * to a longer retransmit interval and retransmit one segment.
634 	 */
635 	if (++tp->t_rxtshift > TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT) {
636 		tp->t_rxtshift = TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT;
637 		tcpstat.tcps_timeoutdrop++;
638 		return (2);		/* tcp_drop() */
639 	}
640 	if (tp->t_rxtshift == 1) {
641 		/*
642 		 * first retransmit; record ssthresh and cwnd so they can
643 		 * be recovered if this turns out to be a "bad" retransmit.
644 		 * A retransmit is considered "bad" if an ACK for this
645 		 * segment is received within RTT/2 interval; the assumption
646 		 * here is that the ACK was already in flight.  See
647 		 * "On Estimating End-to-End Network Path Properties" by
648 		 * Allman and Paxson for more details.
649 		 */
650 		tp->snd_cwnd_prev = tp->snd_cwnd;
651 		tp->snd_ssthresh_prev = tp->snd_ssthresh;
652 		tp->snd_recover_prev = tp->snd_recover;
653 		if (IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp))
654 			tp->t_flags |= TF_WASFRECOVERY;
655 		else
656 			tp->t_flags &= ~TF_WASFRECOVERY;
657 		tp->t_badrxtwin = ticks + (tp->t_srtt >> (TCP_RTT_SHIFT + 1));
658 	}
659 	tcpstat.tcps_rexmttimeo++;
660 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
661 		rexmt = TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_syn_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift];
662 	else
663 		rexmt = TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift];
664 	TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_rxtcur, rexmt,
665 		      tp->t_rttmin, TCPTV_REXMTMAX);
666 	/*
667 	 * Disable rfc1323 if we havn't got any response to
668 	 * our third SYN to work-around some broken terminal servers
669 	 * (most of which have hopefully been retired) that have bad VJ
670 	 * header compression code which trashes TCP segments containing
671 	 * unknown-to-them TCP options.
672 	 */
673 	if ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) && (tp->t_rxtshift == 3))
674 		tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_REQ_SCALE|TF_REQ_TSTMP);
675 	/*
676 	 * If we backed off this far, our srtt estimate is probably bogus.
677 	 * Clobber it so we'll take the next rtt measurement as our srtt;
678 	 * move the current srtt into rttvar to keep the current
679 	 * retransmit times until then.
680 	 */
681 	if (tp->t_rxtshift > TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT / 4) {
682 #ifdef INET6
683 		if ((tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0)
684 			in6_losing(tp->t_inpcb);
685 		else
686 #endif
687 		tp->t_rttvar += (tp->t_srtt >> TCP_RTT_SHIFT);
688 		tp->t_srtt = 0;
689 	}
690 	tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
691 	tp->snd_recover = tp->snd_max;
692 	/*
693 	 * Force a segment to be sent.
694 	 */
695 	tp->t_flags |= TF_ACKNOW;
696 	/*
697 	 * If timing a segment in this window, stop the timer.
698 	 */
699 	tp->t_rtttime = 0;
700 	/*
701 	 * Close the congestion window down to one segment
702 	 * (we'll open it by one segment for each ack we get).
703 	 * Since we probably have a window's worth of unacked
704 	 * data accumulated, this "slow start" keeps us from
705 	 * dumping all that data as back-to-back packets (which
706 	 * might overwhelm an intermediate gateway).
707 	 *
708 	 * There are two phases to the opening: Initially we
709 	 * open by one mss on each ack.  This makes the window
710 	 * size increase exponentially with time.  If the
711 	 * window is larger than the path can handle, this
712 	 * exponential growth results in dropped packet(s)
713 	 * almost immediately.  To get more time between
714 	 * drops but still "push" the network to take advantage
715 	 * of improving conditions, we switch from exponential
716 	 * to linear window opening at some threshhold size.
717 	 * For a threshhold, we use half the current window
718 	 * size, truncated to a multiple of the mss.
719 	 *
720 	 * (the minimum cwnd that will give us exponential
721 	 * growth is 2 mss.  We don't allow the threshhold
722 	 * to go below this.)
723 	 */
724 	{
725 		u_int win = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) / 2 / tp->t_maxseg;
726 		if (win < 2)
727 			win = 2;
728 		tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
729 		tp->snd_ssthresh = win * tp->t_maxseg;
730 		tp->t_dupacks = 0;
731 	}
732 	EXIT_FASTRECOVERY(tp);
733 	(void) tcp_output(tp);
734 
735 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
736 	if (tp != NULL && (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG))
737 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
738 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
739 #endif
740 	return (0);
741 }
742