xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/tcp_timer.c (revision 282a3889ebf826db9839be296ff1dd903f6d6d6e)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  *	@(#)tcp_timer.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
30  * $FreeBSD$
31  */
32 
33 #include "opt_inet6.h"
34 #include "opt_tcpdebug.h"
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/kernel.h>
38 #include <sys/ktr.h>
39 #include <sys/lock.h>
40 #include <sys/limits.h>
41 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
42 #include <sys/mutex.h>
43 #include <sys/protosw.h>
44 #include <sys/socket.h>
45 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
47 #include <sys/systm.h>
48 
49 #include <net/route.h>
50 
51 #include <netinet/in.h>
52 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
53 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
54 #ifdef INET6
55 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
56 #endif
57 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
58 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
59 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
60 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
61 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
62 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
63 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
64 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h>
65 #endif
66 
67 int	tcp_keepinit;
68 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPINIT, keepinit, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
69     &tcp_keepinit, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
70 
71 int	tcp_keepidle;
72 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPIDLE, keepidle, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
73     &tcp_keepidle, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
74 
75 int	tcp_keepintvl;
76 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPINTVL, keepintvl, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
77     &tcp_keepintvl, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
78 
79 int	tcp_delacktime;
80 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_DELACKTIME, delacktime, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
81     &tcp_delacktime, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
82     "Time before a delayed ACK is sent");
83 
84 int	tcp_msl;
85 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, msl, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
86     &tcp_msl, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "Maximum segment lifetime");
87 
88 int	tcp_rexmit_min;
89 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, rexmit_min, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
90     &tcp_rexmit_min, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
91     "Minimum Retransmission Timeout");
92 
93 int	tcp_rexmit_slop;
94 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, rexmit_slop, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
95     &tcp_rexmit_slop, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
96     "Retransmission Timer Slop");
97 
98 static int	always_keepalive = 1;
99 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, always_keepalive, CTLFLAG_RW,
100     &always_keepalive , 0, "Assume SO_KEEPALIVE on all TCP connections");
101 
102 int    tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle = 0;
103 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, fast_finwait2_recycle, CTLFLAG_RW,
104     &tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle, 0,
105     "Recycle closed FIN_WAIT_2 connections faster");
106 
107 int    tcp_finwait2_timeout;
108 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, finwait2_timeout, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
109     &tcp_finwait2_timeout, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "FIN-WAIT2 timeout");
110 
111 
112 static int	tcp_keepcnt = TCPTV_KEEPCNT;
113 	/* max idle probes */
114 int	tcp_maxpersistidle;
115 	/* max idle time in persist */
116 int	tcp_maxidle;
117 
118 static void	tcp_timer(void *);
119 static int	tcp_timer_delack(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
120 static int	tcp_timer_2msl(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
121 static int	tcp_timer_keep(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
122 static int	tcp_timer_persist(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
123 static int	tcp_timer_rexmt(struct tcpcb *, struct inpcb *);
124 
125 /*
126  * Tcp protocol timeout routine called every 500 ms.
127  * Updates timestamps used for TCP
128  * causes finite state machine actions if timers expire.
129  */
130 void
131 tcp_slowtimo(void)
132 {
133 
134 	tcp_maxidle = tcp_keepcnt * tcp_keepintvl;
135 	INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
136 	(void) tcp_tw_2msl_scan(0);
137 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
138 }
139 
140 int	tcp_syn_backoff[TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT + 1] =
141     { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 64, 64 };
142 
143 int	tcp_backoff[TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT + 1] =
144     { 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 512, 512, 512 };
145 
146 static int tcp_totbackoff = 2559;	/* sum of tcp_backoff[] */
147 
148 static int tcp_timer_race;
149 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, timer_race, CTLFLAG_RD, &tcp_timer_race,
150     0, "Count of t_inpcb races on tcp_discardcb");
151 
152 void
153 tcp_timer_activate(struct tcpcb *tp, int timer_type, u_int delta)
154 {
155 	struct inpcb *inp = tp->t_inpcb;
156 	struct tcp_timer *tt = tp->t_timers;
157 	int tick = ticks;			/* Stable time base. */
158 	int next = delta ? tick + delta : 0;
159 
160 	INP_LOCK_ASSERT(inp);
161 
162 	CTR6(KTR_NET, "%p %s inp %p active %x delta %i nextc %i",
163 	    tp, __func__, inp, tt->tt_active, delta, tt->tt_nextc);
164 
165 	/* Set new value for timer. */
166 	switch(timer_type) {
167 	case TT_DELACK:
168 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_DELACK old %i new %i",
169 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_delack, next);
170 		tt->tt_delack = next;
171 		break;
172 	case TT_REXMT:
173 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_REXMT old %i new %i",
174 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_rexmt, next);
175 		tt->tt_rexmt = next;
176 		break;
177 	case TT_PERSIST:
178 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_PERSIST old %i new %i",
179 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_persist, next);
180 		tt->tt_persist = next;
181 		break;
182 	case TT_KEEP:
183 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_KEEP old %i new %i",
184 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_keep, next);
185 		tt->tt_keep = next;
186 		break;
187 	case TT_2MSL:
188 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_2MSL old %i new %i",
189 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_2msl, next);
190 		tt->tt_2msl = next;
191 		break;
192 	case 0:					/* Dummy for timer rescan. */
193 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s timer rescan new %i", tp, __func__, next);
194 		break;
195 	}
196 
197 	/* If some other timer is active and is schedules sooner just return. */
198 	if (tt->tt_active != timer_type && tt->tt_nextc < next &&
199 	    callout_active(&tt->tt_timer))
200 		return;
201 
202 	/* Select next timer to schedule. */
203 	tt->tt_nextc = INT_MAX;
204 	tt->tt_active = 0;
205 	if (tt->tt_delack && tt->tt_delack < tt->tt_nextc) {
206 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_delack;
207 		tt->tt_active = TT_DELACK;
208 	}
209 	if (tt->tt_rexmt && tt->tt_rexmt < tt->tt_nextc) {
210 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_rexmt;
211 		tt->tt_active = TT_REXMT;
212 	}
213 	if (tt->tt_persist && tt->tt_persist < tt->tt_nextc) {
214 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_persist;
215 		tt->tt_active = TT_PERSIST;
216 	}
217 	if (tt->tt_keep && tt->tt_keep < tt->tt_nextc) {
218 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_keep;
219 		tt->tt_active = TT_KEEP;
220 	}
221 	if (tt->tt_2msl && tt->tt_2msl < tt->tt_nextc) {
222 		tt->tt_nextc = tt->tt_2msl;
223 		tt->tt_active = TT_2MSL;
224 	}
225 
226 	/* Rearm callout with new timer if we found one. */
227 	if (tt->tt_active) {
228 		CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s callout_reset active %x nextc in %i",
229 		    tp, __func__, tt->tt_active, tt->tt_nextc - tick);
230 		callout_reset(&tt->tt_timer,
231 		    tt->tt_nextc - tick, tcp_timer, (void *)inp);
232 	} else {
233 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s callout_stop", tp, __func__);
234 		callout_stop(&tt->tt_timer);
235 		tt->tt_nextc = 0;
236 	}
237 
238 	return;
239 }
240 
241 int
242 tcp_timer_active(struct tcpcb *tp, int timer_type)
243 {
244 
245 	switch (timer_type) {
246 	case TT_DELACK:
247 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_DELACK %i",
248 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_delack);
249 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_delack ? 1 : 0);
250 		break;
251 	case TT_REXMT:
252 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_REXMT %i",
253 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_rexmt);
254 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_rexmt ? 1 : 0);
255 		break;
256 	case TT_PERSIST:
257 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_PERSIST %i",
258 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_persist);
259 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_persist ? 1 : 0);
260 		break;
261 	case TT_KEEP:
262 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_KEEP %i",
263 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_keep);
264 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_keep ? 1 : 0);
265 		break;
266 	case TT_2MSL:
267 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s TT_2MSL %i",
268 		    tp, __func__, tp->t_timers->tt_2msl);
269 		return (tp->t_timers->tt_2msl ? 1 : 0);
270 		break;
271 	}
272 	return (0);
273 }
274 
275 static void
276 tcp_timer(void *xinp)
277 {
278 	struct inpcb *inp = (struct inpcb *)xinp;
279 	struct tcpcb *tp = intotcpcb(inp);
280 	struct tcp_timer *tt;
281 	int tick = ticks;
282 	int down, timer;
283 
284 	/* INP lock was obtained by callout. */
285 	INP_LOCK_ASSERT(inp);
286 
287 	/*
288 	 * We've got a couple of race conditions here:
289 	 * - The tcpcb was converted into a compressed TW pcb.  All our
290 	 *   timers have been stopped while this callout already tried
291 	 *   to obtain the inpcb lock.  TW pcbs have their own timers
292 	 *   and we just return.
293 	 */
294 	if (inp->inp_vflag & INP_TIMEWAIT)
295 		return;
296 	/*
297 	 * - The tcpcb was discarded.  All our timers have been stopped
298 	 *   while this callout already tried to obtain the inpcb lock
299 	 *   and we just return.
300 	 */
301 	if (tp == NULL)
302 		return;
303 
304 	tt = tp->t_timers;	/* Initialize. */
305 	CTR6(KTR_NET, "%p %s inp %p active %x tick %i nextc %i",
306 	    tp, __func__, inp, tt->tt_active, tick, tt->tt_nextc);
307 
308 	/*
309 	 * - We may have been waiting on the lock while the tcpcb has
310 	 *   been scheduled for destruction.  In this case no active
311 	 *   timers remain and we just return.
312 	 */
313 	if (tt->tt_active == 0)
314 		goto done;
315 
316 	/*
317 	 * - The timer was rescheduled while this callout was already
318 	 *   waiting on the lock.  This may happen when a packet just
319 	 *   came in.  Rescan and reschedule the the timer in case we
320 	 *   just turned it off.
321 	 */
322 	if (tick < tt->tt_nextc)
323 		goto rescan;
324 
325 	/*
326 	 * Mark as done.  The active bit in struct callout is not
327 	 * automatically cleared.  See callout(9) for more info.
328 	 * In tcp_discardcb() we depend on the correctly cleared
329 	 * active bit for faster processing.
330 	 */
331 	callout_deactivate(&tt->tt_timer);
332 
333 	/* Check which timer has fired and remove this timer activation. */
334 	timer = tt->tt_active;
335 	tt->tt_active = 0;
336 	tt->tt_nextc = 0;
337 
338 	switch (timer) {
339 	case TT_DELACK:
340 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_DELACK", tp, __func__);
341 		tt->tt_delack = 0;
342 		down = tcp_timer_delack(tp, inp);	/* down == 0 */
343 		break;
344 	case TT_REXMT:
345 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_REXMT", tp, __func__);
346 		tt->tt_rexmt = 0;
347 		down = tcp_timer_rexmt(tp, inp);
348 		break;
349 	case TT_PERSIST:
350 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_PERSIST", tp, __func__);
351 		tt->tt_persist = 0;
352 		down = tcp_timer_persist(tp, inp);
353 		break;
354 	case TT_KEEP:
355 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_KEEP", tp, __func__);
356 		tt->tt_keep = 0;
357 		down = tcp_timer_keep(tp, inp);
358 		break;
359 	case TT_2MSL:
360 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running TT_2MSL", tp, __func__);
361 		tt->tt_2msl = 0;
362 		down = tcp_timer_2msl(tp, inp);
363 		break;
364 	default:
365 		CTR2(KTR_NET, "%p %s running nothing", tp, __func__);
366 		down = 0;
367 	}
368 
369 	CTR4(KTR_NET, "%p %s down %i active %x",
370 	    tp, __func__, down, tt->tt_active);
371 	/* Do we still exist? */
372 	if (down)
373 		goto shutdown;
374 
375 rescan:
376 	/* Rescan if no timer was reactivated above. */
377 	if (tt->tt_active == 0)
378 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, 0, 0);
379 
380 done:
381 	INP_UNLOCK(inp);		/* CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED */
382 	return;
383 
384 shutdown:
385 	INP_UNLOCK(inp);		/* Prevent LOR at expense of race. */
386 	INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
387 	INP_LOCK(inp);
388 
389 	/*
390 	 * XXX: When our tcpcb went into TIMEWAIT, is gone or no
391 	 * longer the one we used to work with we've lost the race.
392 	 * This race is inherent in the current socket/inpcb life
393 	 * cycle system.
394 	 */
395 	if ((inp->inp_vflag & INP_TIMEWAIT) || inp->inp_ppcb == NULL ||
396 	    inp->inp_ppcb != tp) {
397 		CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s inp %p lost shutdown race",
398 		    tp, __func__, inp);
399 		tcp_timer_race++;
400 		INP_UNLOCK(inp);	/* CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED */
401 		INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
402 		return;
403 	}
404 	KASSERT(tp == inp->inp_ppcb, ("%s: tp changed", __func__));
405 
406 	/* Shutdown the connection. */
407 	switch (down) {
408 	case 1:
409 		tp = tcp_close(tp);
410 		break;
411 	case 2:
412 		tp = tcp_drop(tp,
413 			tp->t_softerror ? tp->t_softerror : ETIMEDOUT);
414 		break;
415 	}
416 	CTR3(KTR_NET, "%p %s inp %p after shutdown", tp, __func__, inp);
417 
418 	if (tp)
419 		INP_UNLOCK(inp);	/* CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED */
420 
421 	INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
422 	return;
423 }
424 
425 /*
426  * TCP timer processing.
427  */
428 static int
429 tcp_timer_delack(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
430 {
431 
432 	tp->t_flags |= TF_ACKNOW;
433 	tcpstat.tcps_delack++;
434 	(void) tcp_output(tp);
435 	return (0);
436 }
437 
438 static int
439 tcp_timer_2msl(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
440 {
441 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
442 	int ostate;
443 
444 	ostate = tp->t_state;
445 #endif
446 	/*
447 	 * 2 MSL timeout in shutdown went off.  If we're closed but
448 	 * still waiting for peer to close and connection has been idle
449 	 * too long, or if 2MSL time is up from TIME_WAIT, delete connection
450 	 * control block.  Otherwise, check again in a bit.
451 	 *
452 	 * If fastrecycle of FIN_WAIT_2, in FIN_WAIT_2 and receiver has closed,
453 	 * there's no point in hanging onto FIN_WAIT_2 socket. Just close it.
454 	 * Ignore fact that there were recent incoming segments.
455 	 */
456 	if (tcp_fast_finwait2_recycle && tp->t_state == TCPS_FIN_WAIT_2 &&
457 	    tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket &&
458 	    (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_rcv.sb_state & SBS_CANTRCVMORE)) {
459 		tcpstat.tcps_finwait2_drops++;
460 		return (1);		/* tcp_close */
461 	} else {
462 		if (tp->t_state != TCPS_TIME_WAIT &&
463 		   (ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) <= tcp_maxidle)
464 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_2MSL, tcp_keepintvl);
465 		else
466 			return (1);	/* tcp_close */
467 	}
468 
469 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
470 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
471 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
472 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
473 #endif
474 	return (0);
475 }
476 
477 static int
478 tcp_timer_keep(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
479 {
480 	struct tcptemp *t_template;
481 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
482 	int ostate;
483 
484 	ostate = tp->t_state;
485 #endif
486 	/*
487 	 * Keep-alive timer went off; send something
488 	 * or drop connection if idle for too long.
489 	 */
490 	tcpstat.tcps_keeptimeo++;
491 	if (tp->t_state < TCPS_ESTABLISHED)
492 		goto dropit;
493 	if ((always_keepalive || inp->inp_socket->so_options & SO_KEEPALIVE) &&
494 	    tp->t_state <= TCPS_CLOSING) {
495 		if ((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tcp_keepidle + tcp_maxidle)
496 			goto dropit;
497 		/*
498 		 * Send a packet designed to force a response
499 		 * if the peer is up and reachable:
500 		 * either an ACK if the connection is still alive,
501 		 * or an RST if the peer has closed the connection
502 		 * due to timeout or reboot.
503 		 * Using sequence number tp->snd_una-1
504 		 * causes the transmitted zero-length segment
505 		 * to lie outside the receive window;
506 		 * by the protocol spec, this requires the
507 		 * correspondent TCP to respond.
508 		 */
509 		tcpstat.tcps_keepprobe++;
510 		t_template = tcpip_maketemplate(inp);
511 		if (t_template) {
512 			tcp_respond(tp, t_template->tt_ipgen,
513 				    &t_template->tt_t, (struct mbuf *)NULL,
514 				    tp->rcv_nxt, tp->snd_una - 1, 0);
515 			(void) m_free(dtom(t_template));
516 		}
517 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_KEEP, tcp_keepintvl);
518 	} else
519 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_KEEP, tcp_keepidle);
520 
521 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
522 	if (inp->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
523 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
524 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
525 #endif
526 	return (0);
527 
528 dropit:
529 	tcpstat.tcps_keepdrops++;
530 	return (2);			/* tcp_drop() */
531 }
532 
533 static int
534 tcp_timer_persist(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
535 {
536 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
537 	int ostate;
538 
539 	ostate = tp->t_state;
540 #endif
541 	/*
542 	 * Persistance timer into zero window.
543 	 * Force a byte to be output, if possible.
544 	 */
545 	tcpstat.tcps_persisttimeo++;
546 	/*
547 	 * Hack: if the peer is dead/unreachable, we do not
548 	 * time out if the window is closed.  After a full
549 	 * backoff, drop the connection if the idle time
550 	 * (no responses to probes) reaches the maximum
551 	 * backoff that we would use if retransmitting.
552 	 */
553 	if (tp->t_rxtshift == TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT &&
554 	    ((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tcp_maxpersistidle ||
555 	     (ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_totbackoff)) {
556 		tcpstat.tcps_persistdrop++;
557 		return (2);		/* tcp_drop() */
558 	}
559 	tcp_setpersist(tp);
560 	tp->t_flags |= TF_FORCEDATA;
561 	(void) tcp_output(tp);
562 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_FORCEDATA;
563 
564 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
565 	if (tp != NULL && tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
566 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, NULL, NULL, PRU_SLOWTIMO);
567 #endif
568 	return (0);
569 }
570 
571 static int
572 tcp_timer_rexmt(struct tcpcb *tp, struct inpcb *inp)
573 {
574 	int rexmt;
575 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
576 	int ostate;
577 
578 	ostate = tp->t_state;
579 #endif
580 	tcp_free_sackholes(tp);
581 	/*
582 	 * Retransmission timer went off.  Message has not
583 	 * been acked within retransmit interval.  Back off
584 	 * to a longer retransmit interval and retransmit one segment.
585 	 */
586 	if (++tp->t_rxtshift > TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT) {
587 		tp->t_rxtshift = TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT;
588 		tcpstat.tcps_timeoutdrop++;
589 		return (2);		/* tcp_drop() */
590 	}
591 	if (tp->t_rxtshift == 1) {
592 		/*
593 		 * first retransmit; record ssthresh and cwnd so they can
594 		 * be recovered if this turns out to be a "bad" retransmit.
595 		 * A retransmit is considered "bad" if an ACK for this
596 		 * segment is received within RTT/2 interval; the assumption
597 		 * here is that the ACK was already in flight.  See
598 		 * "On Estimating End-to-End Network Path Properties" by
599 		 * Allman and Paxson for more details.
600 		 */
601 		tp->snd_cwnd_prev = tp->snd_cwnd;
602 		tp->snd_ssthresh_prev = tp->snd_ssthresh;
603 		tp->snd_recover_prev = tp->snd_recover;
604 		if (IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp))
605 			tp->t_flags |= TF_WASFRECOVERY;
606 		else
607 			tp->t_flags &= ~TF_WASFRECOVERY;
608 		tp->t_badrxtwin = ticks + (tp->t_srtt >> (TCP_RTT_SHIFT + 1));
609 	}
610 	tcpstat.tcps_rexmttimeo++;
611 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
612 		rexmt = TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_syn_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift];
613 	else
614 		rexmt = TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift];
615 	TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_rxtcur, rexmt,
616 		      tp->t_rttmin, TCPTV_REXMTMAX);
617 	/*
618 	 * Disable rfc1323 if we havn't got any response to
619 	 * our third SYN to work-around some broken terminal servers
620 	 * (most of which have hopefully been retired) that have bad VJ
621 	 * header compression code which trashes TCP segments containing
622 	 * unknown-to-them TCP options.
623 	 */
624 	if ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) && (tp->t_rxtshift == 3))
625 		tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_REQ_SCALE|TF_REQ_TSTMP);
626 	/*
627 	 * If we backed off this far, our srtt estimate is probably bogus.
628 	 * Clobber it so we'll take the next rtt measurement as our srtt;
629 	 * move the current srtt into rttvar to keep the current
630 	 * retransmit times until then.
631 	 */
632 	if (tp->t_rxtshift > TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT / 4) {
633 #ifdef INET6
634 		if ((tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0)
635 			in6_losing(tp->t_inpcb);
636 		else
637 #endif
638 		tp->t_rttvar += (tp->t_srtt >> TCP_RTT_SHIFT);
639 		tp->t_srtt = 0;
640 	}
641 	tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
642 	tp->snd_recover = tp->snd_max;
643 	/*
644 	 * Force a segment to be sent.
645 	 */
646 	tp->t_flags |= TF_ACKNOW;
647 	/*
648 	 * If timing a segment in this window, stop the timer.
649 	 */
650 	tp->t_rtttime = 0;
651 	/*
652 	 * Close the congestion window down to one segment
653 	 * (we'll open it by one segment for each ack we get).
654 	 * Since we probably have a window's worth of unacked
655 	 * data accumulated, this "slow start" keeps us from
656 	 * dumping all that data as back-to-back packets (which
657 	 * might overwhelm an intermediate gateway).
658 	 *
659 	 * There are two phases to the opening: Initially we
660 	 * open by one mss on each ack.  This makes the window
661 	 * size increase exponentially with time.  If the
662 	 * window is larger than the path can handle, this
663 	 * exponential growth results in dropped packet(s)
664 	 * almost immediately.  To get more time between
665 	 * drops but still "push" the network to take advantage
666 	 * of improving conditions, we switch from exponential
667 	 * to linear window opening at some threshhold size.
668 	 * For a threshhold, we use half the current window
669 	 * size, truncated to a multiple of the mss.
670 	 *
671 	 * (the minimum cwnd that will give us exponential
672 	 * growth is 2 mss.  We don't allow the threshhold
673 	 * to go below this.)
674 	 */
675 	{
676 		u_int win = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) / 2 / tp->t_maxseg;
677 		if (win < 2)
678 			win = 2;
679 		tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
680 		tp->snd_ssthresh = win * tp->t_maxseg;
681 		tp->t_dupacks = 0;
682 	}
683 	EXIT_FASTRECOVERY(tp);
684 	(void) tcp_output(tp);
685 
686 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
687 	if (tp != NULL && (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG))
688 		tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
689 			  PRU_SLOWTIMO);
690 #endif
691 	return (0);
692 }
693