xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision e32fecd0c2c3ee37c47ee100f169e7eb0282a873)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  *	@(#)tcp_output.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
36 
37 #include "opt_inet.h"
38 #include "opt_inet6.h"
39 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
40 #include "opt_kern_tls.h"
41 
42 #include <sys/param.h>
43 #include <sys/systm.h>
44 #include <sys/arb.h>
45 #include <sys/domain.h>
46 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
47 #include <sys/hhook.h>
48 #endif
49 #include <sys/kernel.h>
50 #ifdef KERN_TLS
51 #include <sys/ktls.h>
52 #endif
53 #include <sys/lock.h>
54 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
55 #include <sys/mutex.h>
56 #include <sys/protosw.h>
57 #include <sys/qmath.h>
58 #include <sys/sdt.h>
59 #include <sys/socket.h>
60 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
61 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
62 #include <sys/stats.h>
63 
64 #include <net/if.h>
65 #include <net/route.h>
66 #include <net/route/nhop.h>
67 #include <net/vnet.h>
68 
69 #include <netinet/in.h>
70 #include <netinet/in_kdtrace.h>
71 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
72 #include <netinet/ip.h>
73 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
74 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
75 #include <netinet/ip_options.h>
76 #ifdef INET6
77 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
78 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
79 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
80 #endif
81 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
82 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
83 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
84 #include <netinet/tcp_seq.h>
85 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
86 #include <netinet/tcp_log_buf.h>
87 #include <netinet/tcp_syncache.h>
88 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
89 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
90 #include <netinet/cc/cc.h>
91 #include <netinet/tcp_fastopen.h>
92 #ifdef TCPPCAP
93 #include <netinet/tcp_pcap.h>
94 #endif
95 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
96 #include <netinet/tcp_offload.h>
97 #endif
98 #include <netinet/tcp_ecn.h>
99 
100 #include <netipsec/ipsec_support.h>
101 
102 #include <netinet/udp.h>
103 #include <netinet/udp_var.h>
104 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
105 
106 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
107 
108 VNET_DEFINE(int, path_mtu_discovery) = 1;
109 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, path_mtu_discovery, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
110 	&VNET_NAME(path_mtu_discovery), 1,
111 	"Enable Path MTU Discovery");
112 
113 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_tso) = 1;
114 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, tso, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
115 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_tso), 0,
116 	"Enable TCP Segmentation Offload");
117 
118 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendspace) = 1024*32;
119 #define	V_tcp_sendspace	VNET(tcp_sendspace)
120 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_SENDSPACE, sendspace, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
121 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendspace), 0, "Initial send socket buffer size");
122 
123 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_autosndbuf) = 1;
124 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
125 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_autosndbuf), 0,
126 	"Enable automatic send buffer sizing");
127 
128 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_inc) = 8*1024;
129 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_inc, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
130 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_inc), 0,
131 	"Incrementor step size of automatic send buffer");
132 
133 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_max) = 2*1024*1024;
134 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_max, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
135 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_max), 0,
136 	"Max size of automatic send buffer");
137 
138 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat) = 0;
139 #define	V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat	VNET(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat)
140 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto_lowat, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
141 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat), 0,
142 	"Modify threshold for auto send buffer growth to account for SO_SNDLOWAT");
143 
144 /*
145  * Make sure that either retransmit or persist timer is set for SYN, FIN and
146  * non-ACK.
147  */
148 #define TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, th_flags)			\
149 	KASSERT(((len) == 0 && ((th_flags) & (TH_SYN | TH_FIN)) == 0) ||\
150 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_REXMT) ||				\
151 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_PERSIST),				\
152 	    ("neither rexmt nor persist timer is set"))
153 
154 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
155 /*
156  * Wrapper for the TCP established output helper hook.
157  */
158 void
159 hhook_run_tcp_est_out(struct tcpcb *tp, struct tcphdr *th,
160     struct tcpopt *to, uint32_t len, int tso)
161 {
162 	struct tcp_hhook_data hhook_data;
163 
164 	if (V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT]->hhh_nhooks > 0) {
165 		hhook_data.tp = tp;
166 		hhook_data.th = th;
167 		hhook_data.to = to;
168 		hhook_data.len = len;
169 		hhook_data.tso = tso;
170 
171 		hhook_run_hooks(V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT], &hhook_data,
172 		    &tp->t_osd);
173 	}
174 }
175 #endif
176 
177 /*
178  * CC wrapper hook functions
179  */
180 void
181 cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp)
182 {
183 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tptoinpcb(tp));
184 
185 	if (CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle != NULL)
186 		CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle(&tp->t_ccv);
187 }
188 
189 /*
190  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
191  */
192 int
193 tcp_default_output(struct tcpcb *tp)
194 {
195 	struct socket *so = tptosocket(tp);
196 	struct inpcb *inp = tptoinpcb(tp);
197 	int32_t len;
198 	uint32_t recwin, sendwin;
199 	uint16_t flags;
200 	int off, error = 0;	/* Keep compiler happy */
201 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = 0;
202 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = 0;
203 	struct mbuf *m;
204 	struct ip *ip = NULL;
205 	struct tcphdr *th;
206 	u_char opt[TCP_MAXOLEN];
207 	unsigned ipoptlen, optlen, hdrlen, ulen;
208 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
209 	unsigned ipsec_optlen = 0;
210 #endif
211 	int idle, sendalot, curticks;
212 	int sack_rxmit, sack_bytes_rxmt;
213 	struct sackhole *p;
214 	int tso, mtu;
215 	struct tcpopt to;
216 	struct udphdr *udp = NULL;
217 	struct tcp_log_buffer *lgb;
218 	unsigned int wanted_cookie = 0;
219 	unsigned int dont_sendalot = 0;
220 #if 0
221 	int maxburst = TCP_MAXBURST;
222 #endif
223 #ifdef INET6
224 	struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = NULL;
225 	const bool isipv6 = (inp->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0;
226 #endif
227 #ifdef KERN_TLS
228 	const bool hw_tls = tp->t_nic_ktls_xmit != 0;
229 #else
230 	const bool hw_tls = false;
231 #endif
232 
233 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
234 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(inp);
235 
236 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
237 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_TOE)
238 		return (tcp_offload_output(tp));
239 #endif
240 
241 	/*
242 	 * For TFO connections in SYN_SENT or SYN_RECEIVED,
243 	 * only allow the initial SYN or SYN|ACK and those sent
244 	 * by the retransmit timer.
245 	 */
246 	if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
247 	    ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) ||
248 	     (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)) &&
249 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) && /* initial SYN or SYN|ACK sent */
250 	    (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))       /* not a retransmit */
251 		return (0);
252 
253 	/*
254 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
255 	 * and flags that will be used.
256 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
257 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
258 	 */
259 	idle = (tp->t_flags & TF_LASTIDLE) || (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
260 	if (idle && (((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tp->t_rxtcur) ||
261 	    (tp->t_sndtime && ((ticks - tp->t_sndtime) >= tp->t_rxtcur))))
262 		cc_after_idle(tp);
263 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_LASTIDLE;
264 	if (idle) {
265 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) {
266 			tp->t_flags |= TF_LASTIDLE;
267 			idle = 0;
268 		}
269 	}
270 again:
271 	/*
272 	 * If we've recently taken a timeout, snd_max will be greater than
273 	 * snd_nxt.  There may be SACK information that allows us to avoid
274 	 * resending already delivered data.  Adjust snd_nxt accordingly.
275 	 */
276 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
277 	    SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
278 		tcp_sack_adjust(tp);
279 	sendalot = 0;
280 	tso = 0;
281 	mtu = 0;
282 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
283 	sendwin = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
284 
285 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
286 	/*
287 	 * Send any SACK-generated retransmissions.  If we're explicitly trying
288 	 * to send out new data (when sendalot is 1), bypass this function.
289 	 * If we retransmit in fast recovery mode, decrement snd_cwnd, since
290 	 * we're replacing a (future) new transmission with a retransmission
291 	 * now, and we previously incremented snd_cwnd in tcp_input().
292 	 */
293 	/*
294 	 * Still in sack recovery , reset rxmit flag to zero.
295 	 */
296 	sack_rxmit = 0;
297 	sack_bytes_rxmt = 0;
298 	len = 0;
299 	p = NULL;
300 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) && IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp->t_flags) &&
301 	    (p = tcp_sack_output(tp, &sack_bytes_rxmt))) {
302 		uint32_t cwin;
303 
304 		cwin =
305 		    imax(min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) - sack_bytes_rxmt, 0);
306 		/* Do not retransmit SACK segments beyond snd_recover */
307 		if (SEQ_GT(p->end, tp->snd_recover)) {
308 			/*
309 			 * (At least) part of sack hole extends beyond
310 			 * snd_recover. Check to see if we can rexmit data
311 			 * for this hole.
312 			 */
313 			if (SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, tp->snd_recover)) {
314 				/*
315 				 * Can't rexmit any more data for this hole.
316 				 * That data will be rexmitted in the next
317 				 * sack recovery episode, when snd_recover
318 				 * moves past p->rxmit.
319 				 */
320 				p = NULL;
321 				goto after_sack_rexmit;
322 			} else {
323 				/* Can rexmit part of the current hole */
324 				len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin,
325 				    SEQ_SUB(tp->snd_recover, p->rxmit)));
326 			}
327 		} else {
328 			len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin,
329 			    SEQ_SUB(p->end, p->rxmit)));
330 		}
331 		if (len > 0) {
332 			off = SEQ_SUB(p->rxmit, tp->snd_una);
333 			KASSERT(off >= 0,("%s: sack block to the left of una : %d",
334 			    __func__, off));
335 			sack_rxmit = 1;
336 			sendalot = 1;
337 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_rexmits);
338 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sack_rexmit_bytes,
339 			    min(len, tcp_maxseg(tp)));
340 		}
341 	}
342 after_sack_rexmit:
343 	/*
344 	 * Get standard flags, and add SYN or FIN if requested by 'hidden'
345 	 * state flags.
346 	 */
347 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
348 		flags |= TH_FIN;
349 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN)
350 		flags |= TH_SYN;
351 
352 	SOCKBUF_LOCK(&so->so_snd);
353 	/*
354 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
355 	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
356 	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
357 	 * and go to transmit state.
358 	 */
359 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) {
360 		if (sendwin == 0) {
361 			/*
362 			 * If we still have some data to send, then
363 			 * clear the FIN bit.  Usually this would
364 			 * happen below when it realizes that we
365 			 * aren't sending all the data.  However,
366 			 * if we have exactly 1 byte of unsent data,
367 			 * then it won't clear the FIN bit below,
368 			 * and if we are in persist state, we wind
369 			 * up sending the packet without recording
370 			 * that we sent the FIN bit.
371 			 *
372 			 * We can't just blindly clear the FIN bit,
373 			 * because if we don't have any more data
374 			 * to send then the probe will be the FIN
375 			 * itself.
376 			 */
377 			if (off < sbused(&so->so_snd))
378 				flags &= ~TH_FIN;
379 			sendwin = 1;
380 		} else {
381 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
382 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
383 		}
384 	}
385 
386 	/*
387 	 * If snd_nxt == snd_max and we have transmitted a FIN, the
388 	 * offset will be > 0 even if so_snd.sb_cc is 0, resulting in
389 	 * a negative length.  This can also occur when TCP opens up
390 	 * its congestion window while receiving additional duplicate
391 	 * acks after fast-retransmit because TCP will reset snd_nxt
392 	 * to snd_max after the fast-retransmit.
393 	 *
394 	 * In the normal retransmit-FIN-only case, however, snd_nxt will
395 	 * be set to snd_una, the offset will be 0, and the length may
396 	 * wind up 0.
397 	 *
398 	 * If sack_rxmit is true we are retransmitting from the scoreboard
399 	 * in which case len is already set.
400 	 */
401 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
402 		if (sack_bytes_rxmt == 0)
403 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), sendwin) -
404 			    off);
405 		else {
406 			int32_t cwin;
407 
408 			/*
409 			 * We are inside of a SACK recovery episode and are
410 			 * sending new data, having retransmitted all the
411 			 * data possible in the scoreboard.
412 			 */
413 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), tp->snd_wnd) -
414 			    off);
415 			/*
416 			 * Don't remove this (len > 0) check !
417 			 * We explicitly check for len > 0 here (although it
418 			 * isn't really necessary), to work around a gcc
419 			 * optimization issue - to force gcc to compute
420 			 * len above. Without this check, the computation
421 			 * of len is bungled by the optimizer.
422 			 */
423 			if (len > 0) {
424 				cwin = tp->snd_cwnd - imax(0, (int32_t)
425 					(tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_recover)) -
426 					sack_bytes_rxmt;
427 				if (cwin < 0)
428 					cwin = 0;
429 				len = imin(len, cwin);
430 			}
431 		}
432 	}
433 
434 	/*
435 	 * Lop off SYN bit if it has already been sent.  However, if this
436 	 * is SYN-SENT state and if segment contains data and if we don't
437 	 * know that foreign host supports TAO, suppress sending segment.
438 	 */
439 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_una)) {
440 		if (tp->t_state != TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)
441 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
442 		/*
443 		 * When sending additional segments following a TFO SYN|ACK,
444 		 * do not include the SYN bit.
445 		 */
446 		if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
447 		    (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED))
448 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
449 		off--, len++;
450 	}
451 
452 	/*
453 	 * Be careful not to send data and/or FIN on SYN segments.
454 	 * This measure is needed to prevent interoperability problems
455 	 * with not fully conformant TCP implementations.
456 	 */
457 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT)) {
458 		len = 0;
459 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
460 	}
461 
462 	/*
463 	 * On TFO sockets, ensure no data is sent in the following cases:
464 	 *
465 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN|ACK on a passively-created socket
466 	 *
467 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN on an actively created socket
468 	 *
469 	 *  - When sending a zero-length cookie (cookie request) on an
470 	 *    actively created socket
471 	 *
472 	 *  - When the socket is in the CLOSED state (RST is being sent)
473 	 */
474 	if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
475 	    (((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_rxtshift > 0)) ||
476 	     ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) &&
477 	      (tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len == 0)) ||
478 	     (flags & TH_RST)))
479 		len = 0;
480 	if (len <= 0) {
481 		/*
482 		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
483 		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
484 		 * len will be < 0.  Otherwise, window shrank
485 		 * after we sent into it.  If window shrank to 0,
486 		 * cancel pending retransmit, pull snd_nxt back
487 		 * to (closed) window, and set the persist timer
488 		 * if it isn't already going.  If the window didn't
489 		 * close completely, just wait for an ACK.
490 		 *
491 		 * We also do a general check here to ensure that
492 		 * we will set the persist timer when we have data
493 		 * to send, but a 0-byte window. This makes sure
494 		 * the persist timer is set even if the packet
495 		 * hits one of the "goto send" lines below.
496 		 */
497 		len = 0;
498 		if ((sendwin == 0) && (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state)) &&
499 		    (off < (int) sbavail(&so->so_snd)) &&
500 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
501 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, 0);
502 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
503 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
504 			if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
505 				tcp_setpersist(tp);
506 		}
507 	}
508 
509 	/* len will be >= 0 after this point. */
510 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
511 
512 	tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(tp, so, sendwin);
513 
514 	/*
515 	 * Decide if we can use TCP Segmentation Offloading (if supported by
516 	 * hardware).
517 	 *
518 	 * TSO may only be used if we are in a pure bulk sending state.  The
519 	 * presence of TCP-MD5, SACK retransmits, SACK advertizements and
520 	 * IP options prevent using TSO.  With TSO the TCP header is the same
521 	 * (except for the sequence number) for all generated packets.  This
522 	 * makes it impossible to transmit any options which vary per generated
523 	 * segment or packet.
524 	 *
525 	 * IPv4 handling has a clear separation of ip options and ip header
526 	 * flags while IPv6 combines both in in6p_outputopts. ip6_optlen() does
527 	 * the right thing below to provide length of just ip options and thus
528 	 * checking for ipoptlen is enough to decide if ip options are present.
529 	 */
530 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
531 	/*
532 	 * Pre-calculate here as we save another lookup into the darknesses
533 	 * of IPsec that way and can actually decide if TSO is ok.
534 	 */
535 #ifdef INET6
536 	if (isipv6 && IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv6))
537 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv6, inp);
538 #ifdef INET
539 	else
540 #endif
541 #endif /* INET6 */
542 #ifdef INET
543 	if (IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv4))
544 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv4, inp);
545 #endif /* INET */
546 #endif /* IPSEC */
547 #ifdef INET6
548 	if (isipv6)
549 		ipoptlen = ip6_optlen(inp);
550 	else
551 #endif
552 	if (inp->inp_options)
553 		ipoptlen = inp->inp_options->m_len -
554 				offsetof(struct ipoption, ipopt_list);
555 	else
556 		ipoptlen = 0;
557 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
558 	ipoptlen += ipsec_optlen;
559 #endif
560 
561 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_TSO) && V_tcp_do_tso && len > tp->t_maxseg &&
562 	    (tp->t_port == 0) &&
563 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) == 0) &&
564 	    tp->rcv_numsacks == 0 && sack_rxmit == 0 &&
565 	    ipoptlen == 0 && !(flags & TH_SYN))
566 		tso = 1;
567 
568 	if (sack_rxmit) {
569 		if (SEQ_LT(p->rxmit + len, tp->snd_una + sbused(&so->so_snd)))
570 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
571 	} else {
572 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una +
573 		    sbused(&so->so_snd)))
574 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
575 	}
576 
577 	recwin = lmin(lmax(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), 0),
578 	    (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale);
579 
580 	/*
581 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.   We transmit under the following
582 	 * conditions when len is non-zero:
583 	 *
584 	 *	- We have a full segment (or more with TSO)
585 	 *	- This is the last buffer in a write()/send() and we are
586 	 *	  either idle or running NODELAY
587 	 *	- we've timed out (e.g. persist timer)
588 	 *	- we have more then 1/2 the maximum send window's worth of
589 	 *	  data (receiver may be limited the window size)
590 	 *	- we need to retransmit
591 	 */
592 	if (len) {
593 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
594 			goto send;
595 		/*
596 		 * As the TCP header options are now
597 		 * considered when setting up the initial
598 		 * window, we would not send the last segment
599 		 * if we skip considering the option length here.
600 		 * Note: this may not work when tcp headers change
601 		 * very dynamically in the future.
602 		 */
603 		if ((((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) ?
604 			PADTCPOLEN(TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE) : 0) +
605 		    ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ?
606 			PADTCPOLEN(TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP) : 0) +
607 		    len) >= tp->t_maxseg)
608 			goto send;
609 		/*
610 		 * NOTE! on localhost connections an 'ack' from the remote
611 		 * end may occur synchronously with the output and cause
612 		 * us to flush a buffer queued with moretocome.  XXX
613 		 *
614 		 * note: the len + off check is almost certainly unnecessary.
615 		 */
616 		if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) &&	/* normal case */
617 		    (idle || (tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY)) &&
618 		    (uint32_t)len + (uint32_t)off >= sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
619 		    (tp->t_flags & TF_NOPUSH) == 0) {
620 			goto send;
621 		}
622 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)		/* typ. timeout case */
623 			goto send;
624 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2 && tp->max_sndwnd > 0)
625 			goto send;
626 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))	/* retransmit case */
627 			goto send;
628 		if (sack_rxmit)
629 			goto send;
630 	}
631 
632 	/*
633 	 * Sending of standalone window updates.
634 	 *
635 	 * Window updates are important when we close our window due to a
636 	 * full socket buffer and are opening it again after the application
637 	 * reads data from it.  Once the window has opened again and the
638 	 * remote end starts to send again the ACK clock takes over and
639 	 * provides the most current window information.
640 	 *
641 	 * We must avoid the silly window syndrome whereas every read
642 	 * from the receive buffer, no matter how small, causes a window
643 	 * update to be sent.  We also should avoid sending a flurry of
644 	 * window updates when the socket buffer had queued a lot of data
645 	 * and the application is doing small reads.
646 	 *
647 	 * Prevent a flurry of pointless window updates by only sending
648 	 * an update when we can increase the advertized window by more
649 	 * than 1/4th of the socket buffer capacity.  When the buffer is
650 	 * getting full or is very small be more aggressive and send an
651 	 * update whenever we can increase by two mss sized segments.
652 	 * In all other situations the ACK's to new incoming data will
653 	 * carry further window increases.
654 	 *
655 	 * Don't send an independent window update if a delayed
656 	 * ACK is pending (it will get piggy-backed on it) or the
657 	 * remote side already has done a half-close and won't send
658 	 * more data.  Skip this if the connection is in T/TCP
659 	 * half-open state.
660 	 */
661 	if (recwin > 0 && !(tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) &&
662 	    !(tp->t_flags & TF_DELACK) &&
663 	    !TCPS_HAVERCVDFIN(tp->t_state)) {
664 		/*
665 		 * "adv" is the amount we could increase the window,
666 		 * taking into account that we are limited by
667 		 * TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale.
668 		 */
669 		int32_t adv;
670 		int oldwin;
671 
672 		adv = recwin;
673 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt)) {
674 			oldwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
675 			if (adv > oldwin)
676 				adv -= oldwin;
677 			else
678 				adv = 0;
679 		} else
680 			oldwin = 0;
681 
682 		/*
683 		 * If the new window size ends up being the same as or less
684 		 * than the old size when it is scaled, then don't force
685 		 * a window update.
686 		 */
687 		if (oldwin >> tp->rcv_scale >= (adv + oldwin) >> tp->rcv_scale)
688 			goto dontupdate;
689 
690 		if (adv >= (int32_t)(2 * tp->t_maxseg) &&
691 		    (adv >= (int32_t)(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) ||
692 		     recwin <= (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 8) ||
693 		     so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat <= 8 * tp->t_maxseg ||
694 		     adv >= TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale))
695 			goto send;
696 		if (2 * adv >= (int32_t)so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat)
697 			goto send;
698 	}
699 dontupdate:
700 
701 	/*
702 	 * Send if we owe the peer an ACK, RST, SYN, or urgent data.  ACKNOW
703 	 * is also a catch-all for the retransmit timer timeout case.
704 	 */
705 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
706 		goto send;
707 	if ((flags & TH_RST) ||
708 	    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) == 0))
709 		goto send;
710 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
711 		goto send;
712 	/*
713 	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
714 	 * and we have not yet done so, then we need to send.
715 	 */
716 	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
717 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
718 		goto send;
719 	/*
720 	 * In SACK, it is possible for tcp_output to fail to send a segment
721 	 * after the retransmission timer has been turned off.  Make sure
722 	 * that the retransmission timer is set.
723 	 */
724 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
725 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) &&
726 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
727 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
728 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, TP_RXTCUR(tp));
729 		goto just_return;
730 	}
731 	/*
732 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
733 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
734 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
735 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
736 	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
737 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
738 	 *
739 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)
740 	 *	is true when we are in persist state.
741 	 * (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)
742 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
743 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT)
744 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
745 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
746 	 *
747 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
748 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
749 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
750 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
751 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
752 	 */
753 	if (sbavail(&so->so_snd) && !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
754 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
755 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
756 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
757 	}
758 
759 	/*
760 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
761 	 */
762 just_return:
763 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
764 	return (0);
765 
766 send:
767 	SOCKBUF_LOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
768 	if (len > 0) {
769 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
770 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
771 		else
772 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
773 	}
774 	/*
775 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
776 	 * unless TCP set not to do any options.
777 	 * NOTE: we assume that the IP/TCP header plus TCP options
778 	 * always fit in a single mbuf, leaving room for a maximum
779 	 * link header, i.e.
780 	 *	max_linkhdr + sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen <= MCLBYTES
781 	 */
782 	optlen = 0;
783 #ifdef INET6
784 	if (isipv6)
785 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr) + sizeof (struct tcphdr);
786 	else
787 #endif
788 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
789 
790 	if (flags & TH_SYN) {
791 		tp->snd_nxt = tp->iss;
792 	}
793 
794 	/*
795 	 * Compute options for segment.
796 	 * We only have to care about SYN and established connection
797 	 * segments.  Options for SYN-ACK segments are handled in TCP
798 	 * syncache.
799 	 */
800 	to.to_flags = 0;
801 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
802 		/* Maximum segment size. */
803 		if (flags & TH_SYN) {
804 			to.to_mss = tcp_mssopt(&inp->inp_inc);
805 			if (tp->t_port)
806 				to.to_mss -= V_tcp_udp_tunneling_overhead;
807 			to.to_flags |= TOF_MSS;
808 
809 			/*
810 			 * On SYN or SYN|ACK transmits on TFO connections,
811 			 * only include the TFO option if it is not a
812 			 * retransmit, as the presence of the TFO option may
813 			 * have caused the original SYN or SYN|ACK to have
814 			 * been dropped by a middlebox.
815 			 */
816 			if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
817 			    (tp->t_rxtshift == 0)) {
818 				if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED) {
819 					to.to_tfo_len = TCP_FASTOPEN_COOKIE_LEN;
820 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
821 					    (u_int8_t *)&tp->t_tfo_cookie.server;
822 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
823 					wanted_cookie = 1;
824 				} else if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) {
825 					to.to_tfo_len =
826 					    tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len;
827 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
828 					    tp->t_tfo_cookie.client;
829 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
830 					wanted_cookie = 1;
831 					/*
832 					 * If we wind up having more data to
833 					 * send with the SYN than can fit in
834 					 * one segment, don't send any more
835 					 * until the SYN|ACK comes back from
836 					 * the other end.
837 					 */
838 					dont_sendalot = 1;
839 				}
840 			}
841 		}
842 		/* Window scaling. */
843 		if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_SCALE)) {
844 			to.to_wscale = tp->request_r_scale;
845 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SCALE;
846 		}
847 		/* Timestamps. */
848 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ||
849 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_TSTMP))) {
850 			curticks = tcp_ts_getticks();
851 			to.to_tsval = curticks + tp->ts_offset;
852 			to.to_tsecr = tp->ts_recent;
853 			to.to_flags |= TOF_TS;
854 			if (tp->t_rxtshift == 1)
855 				tp->t_badrxtwin = curticks;
856 		}
857 
858 		/* Set receive buffer autosizing timestamp. */
859 		if (tp->rfbuf_ts == 0 &&
860 		    (so->so_rcv.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE))
861 			tp->rfbuf_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
862 
863 		/* Selective ACK's. */
864 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) {
865 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
866 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACKPERM;
867 			else if (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
868 			    tp->rcv_numsacks > 0) {
869 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACK;
870 				to.to_nsacks = tp->rcv_numsacks;
871 				to.to_sacks = (u_char *)tp->sackblks;
872 			}
873 		}
874 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
875 		/* TCP-MD5 (RFC2385). */
876 		/*
877 		 * Check that TCP_MD5SIG is enabled in tcpcb to
878 		 * account the size needed to set this TCP option.
879 		 */
880 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE)
881 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SIGNATURE;
882 #endif /* TCP_SIGNATURE */
883 
884 		/* Processing the options. */
885 		hdrlen += optlen = tcp_addoptions(&to, opt);
886 		/*
887 		 * If we wanted a TFO option to be added, but it was unable
888 		 * to fit, ensure no data is sent.
889 		 */
890 		if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) && wanted_cookie &&
891 		    !(to.to_flags & TOF_FASTOPEN))
892 			len = 0;
893 	}
894 	if (tp->t_port) {
895 		if (V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port == 0) {
896 			/* The port was removed?? */
897 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
898 			return (EHOSTUNREACH);
899 		}
900 		hdrlen += sizeof(struct udphdr);
901 	}
902 	/*
903 	 * Adjust data length if insertion of options will
904 	 * bump the packet length beyond the t_maxseg length.
905 	 * Clear the FIN bit because we cut off the tail of
906 	 * the segment.
907 	 */
908 	if (len + optlen + ipoptlen > tp->t_maxseg) {
909 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
910 
911 		if (tso) {
912 			u_int if_hw_tsomax;
913 			u_int moff;
914 			int max_len;
915 
916 			/* extract TSO information */
917 			if_hw_tsomax = tp->t_tsomax;
918 			if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = tp->t_tsomaxsegcount;
919 			if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = tp->t_tsomaxsegsize;
920 
921 			/*
922 			 * Limit a TSO burst to prevent it from
923 			 * overflowing or exceeding the maximum length
924 			 * allowed by the network interface:
925 			 */
926 			KASSERT(ipoptlen == 0,
927 			    ("%s: TSO can't do IP options", __func__));
928 
929 			/*
930 			 * Check if we should limit by maximum payload
931 			 * length:
932 			 */
933 			if (if_hw_tsomax != 0) {
934 				/* compute maximum TSO length */
935 				max_len = (if_hw_tsomax - hdrlen -
936 				    max_linkhdr);
937 				if (max_len <= 0) {
938 					len = 0;
939 				} else if (len > max_len) {
940 					sendalot = 1;
941 					len = max_len;
942 				}
943 			}
944 
945 			/*
946 			 * Prevent the last segment from being
947 			 * fractional unless the send sockbuf can be
948 			 * emptied:
949 			 */
950 			max_len = (tp->t_maxseg - optlen);
951 			if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len) <
952 			    sbavail(&so->so_snd)) {
953 				moff = len % max_len;
954 				if (moff != 0) {
955 					len -= moff;
956 					sendalot = 1;
957 				}
958 			}
959 
960 			/*
961 			 * In case there are too many small fragments
962 			 * don't use TSO:
963 			 */
964 			if (len <= max_len) {
965 				len = max_len;
966 				sendalot = 1;
967 				tso = 0;
968 			}
969 
970 			/*
971 			 * Send the FIN in a separate segment
972 			 * after the bulk sending is done.
973 			 * We don't trust the TSO implementations
974 			 * to clear the FIN flag on all but the
975 			 * last segment.
976 			 */
977 			if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
978 				sendalot = 1;
979 		} else {
980 			if (optlen + ipoptlen >= tp->t_maxseg) {
981 				/*
982 				 * Since we don't have enough space to put
983 				 * the IP header chain and the TCP header in
984 				 * one packet as required by RFC 7112, don't
985 				 * send it. Also ensure that at least one
986 				 * byte of the payload can be put into the
987 				 * TCP segment.
988 				 */
989 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
990 				error = EMSGSIZE;
991 				sack_rxmit = 0;
992 				goto out;
993 			}
994 			len = tp->t_maxseg - optlen - ipoptlen;
995 			sendalot = 1;
996 			if (dont_sendalot)
997 				sendalot = 0;
998 		}
999 	} else
1000 		tso = 0;
1001 
1002 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen + ipoptlen <= IP_MAXPACKET,
1003 	    ("%s: len > IP_MAXPACKET", __func__));
1004 
1005 /*#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC*/
1006 #ifdef INET6
1007 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MCLBYTES)
1008 #else
1009 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MHLEN)
1010 #endif
1011 		panic("tcphdr too big");
1012 /*#endif*/
1013 
1014 	/*
1015 	 * This KASSERT is here to catch edge cases at a well defined place.
1016 	 * Before, those had triggered (random) panic conditions further down.
1017 	 */
1018 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
1019 
1020 	/*
1021 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
1022 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
1023 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
1024 	 */
1025 	if (len) {
1026 		struct mbuf *mb;
1027 		struct sockbuf *msb;
1028 		u_int moff;
1029 
1030 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) && len == 1) {
1031 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndprobe);
1032 #ifdef STATS
1033 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1034 				stats_voi_update_abs_u32(tp->t_stats,
1035 				VOI_TCP_RETXPB, len);
1036 			else
1037 				stats_voi_update_abs_u64(tp->t_stats,
1038 				    VOI_TCP_TXPB, len);
1039 #endif /* STATS */
1040 		} else if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max) || sack_rxmit) {
1041 			tp->t_sndrexmitpack++;
1042 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndrexmitpack);
1043 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndrexmitbyte, len);
1044 #ifdef STATS
1045 			stats_voi_update_abs_u32(tp->t_stats, VOI_TCP_RETXPB,
1046 			    len);
1047 #endif /* STATS */
1048 		} else {
1049 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndpack);
1050 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndbyte, len);
1051 #ifdef STATS
1052 			stats_voi_update_abs_u64(tp->t_stats, VOI_TCP_TXPB,
1053 			    len);
1054 #endif /* STATS */
1055 		}
1056 #ifdef INET6
1057 		if (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr)
1058 			m = m_getcl(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA, M_PKTHDR);
1059 		else
1060 #endif
1061 			m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1062 
1063 		if (m == NULL) {
1064 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1065 			error = ENOBUFS;
1066 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1067 			goto out;
1068 		}
1069 
1070 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1071 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1072 
1073 		/*
1074 		 * Start the m_copy functions from the closest mbuf
1075 		 * to the offset in the socket buffer chain.
1076 		 */
1077 		mb = sbsndptr_noadv(&so->so_snd, off, &moff);
1078 		if (len <= MHLEN - hdrlen - max_linkhdr && !hw_tls) {
1079 			m_copydata(mb, moff, len,
1080 			    mtod(m, caddr_t) + hdrlen);
1081 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1082 				sbsndptr_adv(&so->so_snd, mb, len);
1083 			m->m_len += len;
1084 		} else {
1085 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1086 				msb = NULL;
1087 			else
1088 				msb = &so->so_snd;
1089 			m->m_next = tcp_m_copym(mb, moff,
1090 			    &len, if_hw_tsomaxsegcount,
1091 			    if_hw_tsomaxsegsize, msb, hw_tls);
1092 			if (len <= (tp->t_maxseg - optlen)) {
1093 				/*
1094 				 * Must have ran out of mbufs for the copy
1095 				 * shorten it to no longer need tso. Lets
1096 				 * not put on sendalot since we are low on
1097 				 * mbufs.
1098 				 */
1099 				tso = 0;
1100 			}
1101 			if (m->m_next == NULL) {
1102 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1103 				(void) m_free(m);
1104 				error = ENOBUFS;
1105 				sack_rxmit = 0;
1106 				goto out;
1107 			}
1108 		}
1109 
1110 		/*
1111 		 * If we're sending everything we've got, set PUSH.
1112 		 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
1113 		 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or
1114 		 * a PUSH comes in.)
1115 		 */
1116 		if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len == sbused(&so->so_snd)) &&
1117 		    !(flags & TH_SYN))
1118 			flags |= TH_PUSH;
1119 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1120 	} else {
1121 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1122 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
1123 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndacks);
1124 		else if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN|TH_RST))
1125 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndctrl);
1126 		else if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
1127 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndurg);
1128 		else
1129 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndwinup);
1130 
1131 		m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1132 		if (m == NULL) {
1133 			error = ENOBUFS;
1134 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1135 			goto out;
1136 		}
1137 #ifdef INET6
1138 		if (isipv6 && (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr) &&
1139 		    MHLEN >= hdrlen) {
1140 			M_ALIGN(m, hdrlen);
1141 		} else
1142 #endif
1143 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1144 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1145 	}
1146 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
1147 	m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = (struct ifnet *)0;
1148 #ifdef MAC
1149 	mac_inpcb_create_mbuf(inp, m);
1150 #endif
1151 #ifdef INET6
1152 	if (isipv6) {
1153 		ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
1154 		if (tp->t_port) {
1155 			udp = (struct udphdr *)((caddr_t)ip6 + sizeof(struct ip6_hdr));
1156 			udp->uh_sport = htons(V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port);
1157 			udp->uh_dport = tp->t_port;
1158 			ulen = hdrlen + len - sizeof(struct ip6_hdr);
1159 			udp->uh_ulen = htons(ulen);
1160 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(udp + 1);
1161 		} else {
1162 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip6 + 1);
1163 		}
1164 		tcpip_fillheaders(inp, tp->t_port, ip6, th);
1165 	} else
1166 #endif /* INET6 */
1167 	{
1168 		ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
1169 		if (tp->t_port) {
1170 			udp = (struct udphdr *)((caddr_t)ip + sizeof(struct ip));
1171 			udp->uh_sport = htons(V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port);
1172 			udp->uh_dport = tp->t_port;
1173 			ulen = hdrlen + len - sizeof(struct ip);
1174 			udp->uh_ulen = htons(ulen);
1175 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(udp + 1);
1176 		} else
1177 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip + 1);
1178 		tcpip_fillheaders(inp, tp->t_port, ip, th);
1179 	}
1180 
1181 	/*
1182 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
1183 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
1184 	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
1185 	 */
1186 	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN &&
1187 	    tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_max)
1188 		tp->snd_nxt--;
1189 	/*
1190 	 * If we are starting a connection, send ECN setup
1191 	 * SYN packet. If we are on a retransmit, we may
1192 	 * resend those bits a number of times as per
1193 	 * RFC 3168.
1194 	 */
1195 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT && V_tcp_do_ecn) {
1196 		flags |= tcp_ecn_output_syn_sent(tp);
1197 	}
1198 	/* Also handle parallel SYN for ECN */
1199 	if ((TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) &&
1200 	    (tp->t_flags2 & (TF2_ECN_PERMIT | TF2_ACE_PERMIT))) {
1201 		int ect = tcp_ecn_output_established(tp, &flags, len, sack_rxmit);
1202 		if ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED) &&
1203 		    (tp->t_flags2 & TF2_ECN_SND_ECE))
1204 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_ECN_SND_ECE;
1205 #ifdef INET6
1206 		if (isipv6) {
1207 			ip6->ip6_flow &= ~htonl(IPTOS_ECN_MASK << IPV6_FLOWLABEL_LEN);
1208 			ip6->ip6_flow |= htonl(ect << IPV6_FLOWLABEL_LEN);
1209 		}
1210 		else
1211 #endif
1212 		{
1213 			ip->ip_tos &= ~IPTOS_ECN_MASK;
1214 			ip->ip_tos |= ect;
1215 		}
1216 	}
1217 
1218 	/*
1219 	 * If we are doing retransmissions, then snd_nxt will
1220 	 * not reflect the first unsent octet.  For ACK only
1221 	 * packets, we do not want the sequence number of the
1222 	 * retransmitted packet, we want the sequence number
1223 	 * of the next unsent octet.  So, if there is no data
1224 	 * (and no SYN or FIN), use snd_max instead of snd_nxt
1225 	 * when filling in ti_seq.  But if we are in persist
1226 	 * state, snd_max might reflect one byte beyond the
1227 	 * right edge of the window, so use snd_nxt in that
1228 	 * case, since we know we aren't doing a retransmission.
1229 	 * (retransmit and persist are mutually exclusive...)
1230 	 */
1231 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
1232 		if (len || (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) ||
1233 		    tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
1234 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
1235 		else
1236 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_max);
1237 	} else {
1238 		th->th_seq = htonl(p->rxmit);
1239 		p->rxmit += len;
1240 		/*
1241 		 * Lost Retransmission Detection
1242 		 * trigger resending of a (then
1243 		 * still existing) hole, when
1244 		 * fack acks recoverypoint.
1245 		 */
1246 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_LRD) && SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, p->end))
1247 			p->rxmit = tp->snd_recover;
1248 		tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit += len;
1249 	}
1250 	if (IN_RECOVERY(tp->t_flags)) {
1251 		/*
1252 		 * Account all bytes transmitted while
1253 		 * IN_RECOVERY, simplifying PRR and
1254 		 * Lost Retransmit Detection
1255 		 */
1256 		tp->sackhint.prr_out += len;
1257 	}
1258 	th->th_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
1259 	if (optlen) {
1260 		bcopy(opt, th + 1, optlen);
1261 		th->th_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
1262 	}
1263 	tcp_set_flags(th, flags);
1264 	/*
1265 	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
1266 	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
1267 	 * If a RST segment is sent, advertise a window of zero.
1268 	 */
1269 	if (flags & TH_RST) {
1270 		recwin = 0;
1271 	} else {
1272 		if (recwin < (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) &&
1273 		    recwin < tp->t_maxseg)
1274 			recwin = 0;
1275 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt) &&
1276 		    recwin < (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
1277 			recwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
1278 	}
1279 	/*
1280 	 * According to RFC1323 the window field in a SYN (i.e., a <SYN>
1281 	 * or <SYN,ACK>) segment itself is never scaled.  The <SYN,ACK>
1282 	 * case is handled in syncache.
1283 	 */
1284 	if (flags & TH_SYN)
1285 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)
1286 				(min(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), TCP_MAXWIN)));
1287 	else {
1288 		/* Avoid shrinking window with window scaling. */
1289 		recwin = roundup2(recwin, 1 << tp->rcv_scale);
1290 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)(recwin >> tp->rcv_scale));
1291 	}
1292 
1293 	/*
1294 	 * Adjust the RXWIN0SENT flag - indicate that we have advertised
1295 	 * a 0 window.  This may cause the remote transmitter to stall.  This
1296 	 * flag tells soreceive() to disable delayed acknowledgements when
1297 	 * draining the buffer.  This can occur if the receiver is attempting
1298 	 * to read more data than can be buffered prior to transmitting on
1299 	 * the connection.
1300 	 */
1301 	if (th->th_win == 0) {
1302 		tp->t_sndzerowin++;
1303 		tp->t_flags |= TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1304 	} else
1305 		tp->t_flags &= ~TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1306 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
1307 		th->th_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
1308 		th->th_flags |= TH_URG;
1309 	} else
1310 		/*
1311 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
1312 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
1313 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
1314 		 * number wraparound.
1315 		 */
1316 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
1317 
1318 	/*
1319 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
1320 	 * checksum extended header and data.
1321 	 */
1322 	m->m_pkthdr.len = hdrlen + len; /* in6_cksum() need this */
1323 
1324 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
1325 	if (to.to_flags & TOF_SIGNATURE) {
1326 		/*
1327 		 * Calculate MD5 signature and put it into the place
1328 		 * determined before.
1329 		 * NOTE: since TCP options buffer doesn't point into
1330 		 * mbuf's data, calculate offset and use it.
1331 		 */
1332 		if (!TCPMD5_ENABLED() || (error = TCPMD5_OUTPUT(m, th,
1333 		    (u_char *)(th + 1) + (to.to_signature - opt))) != 0) {
1334 			/*
1335 			 * Do not send segment if the calculation of MD5
1336 			 * digest has failed.
1337 			 */
1338 			m_freem(m);
1339 			goto out;
1340 		}
1341 	}
1342 #endif
1343 #ifdef INET6
1344 	if (isipv6) {
1345 		/*
1346 		 * There is no need to fill in ip6_plen right now.
1347 		 * It will be filled later by ip6_output.
1348 		 */
1349 		if (tp->t_port) {
1350 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_UDP_IPV6;
1351 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct udphdr, uh_sum);
1352 			udp->uh_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6, ulen, IPPROTO_UDP, 0);
1353 			th->th_sum = htons(0);
1354 			UDPSTAT_INC(udps_opackets);
1355 		} else {
1356 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP_IPV6;
1357 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1358 			th->th_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6,
1359 			    sizeof(struct tcphdr) + optlen + len, IPPROTO_TCP,
1360 			    0);
1361 		}
1362 	}
1363 #endif
1364 #if defined(INET6) && defined(INET)
1365 	else
1366 #endif
1367 #ifdef INET
1368 	{
1369 		if (tp->t_port) {
1370 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_UDP;
1371 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct udphdr, uh_sum);
1372 			udp->uh_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr,
1373 			   ip->ip_dst.s_addr, htons(ulen + IPPROTO_UDP));
1374 			th->th_sum = htons(0);
1375 			UDPSTAT_INC(udps_opackets);
1376 		} else {
1377 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP;
1378 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1379 			th->th_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr,
1380 			    ip->ip_dst.s_addr, htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr) +
1381 			    IPPROTO_TCP + len + optlen));
1382 		}
1383 
1384 		/* IP version must be set here for ipv4/ipv6 checking later */
1385 		KASSERT(ip->ip_v == IPVERSION,
1386 		    ("%s: IP version incorrect: %d", __func__, ip->ip_v));
1387 	}
1388 #endif
1389 
1390 	/*
1391 	 * Enable TSO and specify the size of the segments.
1392 	 * The TCP pseudo header checksum is always provided.
1393 	 */
1394 	if (tso) {
1395 		KASSERT(len > tp->t_maxseg - optlen,
1396 		    ("%s: len <= tso_segsz", __func__));
1397 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |= CSUM_TSO;
1398 		m->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz = tp->t_maxseg - optlen;
1399 	}
1400 
1401 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen == m_length(m, NULL),
1402 	    ("%s: mbuf chain shorter than expected: %d + %u != %u",
1403 	    __func__, len, hdrlen, m_length(m, NULL)));
1404 
1405 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
1406 	/* Run HHOOK_TCP_ESTABLISHED_OUT helper hooks. */
1407 	hhook_run_tcp_est_out(tp, th, &to, len, tso);
1408 #endif
1409 
1410 	TCP_PROBE3(debug__output, tp, th, m);
1411 
1412 	/* We're getting ready to send; log now. */
1413 	/* XXXMT: We are not honoring verbose logging. */
1414 
1415 	if (tcp_bblogging_on(tp))
1416 		lgb = tcp_log_event(tp, th, &so->so_rcv, &so->so_snd,
1417 		    TCP_LOG_OUT, ERRNO_UNK, len, NULL, false, NULL, NULL, 0,
1418 		    NULL);
1419 	else
1420 		lgb = NULL;
1421 
1422 	/*
1423 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
1424 	 * send to IP level.  There should be a better way
1425 	 * to handle ttl and tos; we could keep them in
1426 	 * the template, but need a way to checksum without them.
1427 	 */
1428 	/*
1429 	 * m->m_pkthdr.len should have been set before checksum calculation,
1430 	 * because in6_cksum() need it.
1431 	 */
1432 #ifdef INET6
1433 	if (isipv6) {
1434 		/*
1435 		 * we separately set hoplimit for every segment, since the
1436 		 * user might want to change the value via setsockopt.
1437 		 * Also, desired default hop limit might be changed via
1438 		 * Neighbor Discovery.
1439 		 */
1440 		ip6->ip6_hlim = in6_selecthlim(inp, NULL);
1441 
1442 		/*
1443 		 * Set the packet size here for the benefit of DTrace probes.
1444 		 * ip6_output() will set it properly; it's supposed to include
1445 		 * the option header lengths as well.
1446 		 */
1447 		ip6->ip6_plen = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len - sizeof(*ip6));
1448 
1449 		if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss)
1450 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1451 		else
1452 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1453 
1454 		if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1455 			TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1456 
1457 		TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1458 
1459 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1460 		/* Save packet, if requested. */
1461 		tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1462 #endif
1463 
1464 		/* TODO: IPv6 IP6TOS_ECT bit on */
1465 		error = ip6_output(m, inp->in6p_outputopts, &inp->inp_route6,
1466 		    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ?  IP_ROUTETOIF : 0),
1467 		    NULL, NULL, inp);
1468 
1469 		if (error == EMSGSIZE && inp->inp_route6.ro_nh != NULL)
1470 			mtu = inp->inp_route6.ro_nh->nh_mtu;
1471 	}
1472 #endif /* INET6 */
1473 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
1474 	else
1475 #endif
1476 #ifdef INET
1477     {
1478 	ip->ip_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len);
1479 #ifdef INET6
1480 	if (inp->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6PROTO)
1481 		ip->ip_ttl = in6_selecthlim(inp, NULL);
1482 #endif /* INET6 */
1483 	/*
1484 	 * If we do path MTU discovery, then we set DF on every packet.
1485 	 * This might not be the best thing to do according to RFC3390
1486 	 * Section 2. However the tcp hostcache migitates the problem
1487 	 * so it affects only the first tcp connection with a host.
1488 	 *
1489 	 * NB: Don't set DF on small MTU/MSS to have a safe fallback.
1490 	 */
1491 	if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss) {
1492 		tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1493 		if (tp->t_port == 0 || len < V_tcp_minmss) {
1494 			ip->ip_off |= htons(IP_DF);
1495 		}
1496 	} else {
1497 		tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1498 	}
1499 
1500 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1501 		TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1502 
1503 	TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1504 
1505 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1506 	/* Save packet, if requested. */
1507 	tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1508 #endif
1509 
1510 	error = ip_output(m, inp->inp_options, &inp->inp_route,
1511 	    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ? IP_ROUTETOIF : 0), 0, inp);
1512 
1513 	if (error == EMSGSIZE && inp->inp_route.ro_nh != NULL)
1514 		mtu = inp->inp_route.ro_nh->nh_mtu;
1515     }
1516 #endif /* INET */
1517 
1518 	if (lgb != NULL) {
1519 		lgb->tlb_errno = error;
1520 		lgb = NULL;
1521 	}
1522 out:
1523 	if (error == 0)
1524 		tcp_account_for_send(tp, len, (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max), 0, hw_tls);
1525 	/*
1526 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
1527 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
1528 	 */
1529 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1530 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1531 		tcp_seq startseq = tp->snd_nxt;
1532 
1533 		/*
1534 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
1535 		 */
1536 		if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) {
1537 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
1538 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1539 			if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1540 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1541 				tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1542 			}
1543 		}
1544 		if (sack_rxmit)
1545 			goto timer;
1546 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
1547 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
1548 			/*
1549 			 * Update "made progress" indication if we just
1550 			 * added new data to an empty socket buffer.
1551 			 */
1552 			if (tp->snd_una == tp->snd_max)
1553 				tp->t_acktime = ticks;
1554 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
1555 			/*
1556 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
1557 			 * not currently timing anything.
1558 			 */
1559 			tp->t_sndtime = ticks;
1560 			if (tp->t_rtttime == 0) {
1561 				tp->t_rtttime = ticks;
1562 				tp->t_rtseq = startseq;
1563 				TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_segstimed);
1564 			}
1565 #ifdef STATS
1566 			if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_GPUTINPROG) && len) {
1567 				tp->t_flags |= TF_GPUTINPROG;
1568 				tp->gput_seq = startseq;
1569 				tp->gput_ack = startseq +
1570 				    ulmin(sbavail(&so->so_snd) - off, sendwin);
1571 				tp->gput_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
1572 			}
1573 #endif /* STATS */
1574 		}
1575 
1576 		/*
1577 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
1578 		 * and not doing a pure ack or a keep-alive probe.
1579 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
1580 		 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
1581 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
1582 		 * of retransmit time.
1583 		 */
1584 timer:
1585 		if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1586 		    ((sack_rxmit && tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max) ||
1587 		     (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))) {
1588 			if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1589 				tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
1590 				tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1591 			}
1592 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, TP_RXTCUR(tp));
1593 		} else if (len == 0 && sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
1594 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1595 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1596 			/*
1597 			 * Avoid a situation where we do not set persist timer
1598 			 * after a zero window condition. For example:
1599 			 * 1) A -> B: packet with enough data to fill the window
1600 			 * 2) B -> A: ACK for #1 + new data (0 window
1601 			 *    advertisement)
1602 			 * 3) A -> B: ACK for #2, 0 len packet
1603 			 *
1604 			 * In this case, A will not activate the persist timer,
1605 			 * because it chose to send a packet. Unless tcp_output
1606 			 * is called for some other reason (delayed ack timer,
1607 			 * another input packet from B, socket syscall), A will
1608 			 * not send zero window probes.
1609 			 *
1610 			 * So, if you send a 0-length packet, but there is data
1611 			 * in the socket buffer, and neither the rexmt or
1612 			 * persist timer is already set, then activate the
1613 			 * persist timer.
1614 			 */
1615 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1616 			tcp_setpersist(tp);
1617 		}
1618 	} else {
1619 		/*
1620 		 * Persist case, update snd_max but since we are in
1621 		 * persist mode (no window) we do not update snd_nxt.
1622 		 */
1623 		int xlen = len;
1624 		if (flags & TH_SYN)
1625 			++xlen;
1626 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1627 			++xlen;
1628 			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1629 		}
1630 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + xlen, tp->snd_max))
1631 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + xlen;
1632 	}
1633 	if ((error == 0) &&
1634 	    (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
1635 	     (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
1636 	     tp->rcv_numsacks > 0)) {
1637 		    /* Clean up any DSACK's sent */
1638 		    tcp_clean_dsack_blocks(tp);
1639 	}
1640 	if (error) {
1641 		/*
1642 		 * We know that the packet was lost, so back out the
1643 		 * sequence number advance, if any.
1644 		 *
1645 		 * If the error is EPERM the packet got blocked by the
1646 		 * local firewall.  Normally we should terminate the
1647 		 * connection but the blocking may have been spurious
1648 		 * due to a firewall reconfiguration cycle.  So we treat
1649 		 * it like a packet loss and let the retransmit timer and
1650 		 * timeouts do their work over time.
1651 		 * XXX: It is a POLA question whether calling tcp_drop right
1652 		 * away would be the really correct behavior instead.
1653 		 */
1654 		if (((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1655 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) &&
1656 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) == 0) &&
1657 		    (error != EPERM)) {
1658 			if (sack_rxmit) {
1659 				p->rxmit -= len;
1660 				tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit -= len;
1661 				KASSERT(tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit >= 0,
1662 				    ("sackhint bytes rtx >= 0"));
1663 				KASSERT((flags & TH_FIN) == 0,
1664 				    ("error while FIN with SACK rxmit"));
1665 			} else {
1666 				tp->snd_nxt -= len;
1667 				if (flags & TH_FIN)
1668 					tp->snd_nxt--;
1669 			}
1670 		}
1671 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);	/* Check gotos. */
1672 		switch (error) {
1673 		case EACCES:
1674 		case EPERM:
1675 			tp->t_softerror = error;
1676 			return (error);
1677 		case ENOBUFS:
1678 			TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, flags);
1679 			tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
1680 			return (0);
1681 		case EMSGSIZE:
1682 			/*
1683 			 * For some reason the interface we used initially
1684 			 * to send segments changed to another or lowered
1685 			 * its MTU.
1686 			 * If TSO was active we either got an interface
1687 			 * without TSO capabilits or TSO was turned off.
1688 			 * If we obtained mtu from ip_output() then update
1689 			 * it and try again.
1690 			 */
1691 			if (tso)
1692 				tp->t_flags &= ~TF_TSO;
1693 			if (mtu != 0) {
1694 				tcp_mss_update(tp, -1, mtu, NULL, NULL);
1695 				goto again;
1696 			}
1697 			return (error);
1698 		case EHOSTDOWN:
1699 		case EHOSTUNREACH:
1700 		case ENETDOWN:
1701 		case ENETUNREACH:
1702 			if (TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) {
1703 				tp->t_softerror = error;
1704 				return (0);
1705 			}
1706 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1707 		default:
1708 			return (error);
1709 		}
1710 	}
1711 	TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndtotal);
1712 
1713 	/*
1714 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
1715 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
1716 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
1717 	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
1718 	 */
1719 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt + recwin, tp->rcv_adv))
1720 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + recwin;
1721 	tp->last_ack_sent = tp->rcv_nxt;
1722 	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW | TF_DELACK);
1723 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_DELACK))
1724 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_DELACK, 0);
1725 #if 0
1726 	/*
1727 	 * This completely breaks TCP if newreno is turned on.  What happens
1728 	 * is that if delayed-acks are turned on on the receiver, this code
1729 	 * on the transmitter effectively destroys the TCP window, forcing
1730 	 * it to four packets (1.5Kx4 = 6K window).
1731 	 */
1732 	if (sendalot && --maxburst)
1733 		goto again;
1734 #endif
1735 	if (sendalot)
1736 		goto again;
1737 	return (0);
1738 }
1739 
1740 void
1741 tcp_setpersist(struct tcpcb *tp)
1742 {
1743 	int t = ((tp->t_srtt >> 2) + tp->t_rttvar) >> 1;
1744 	int tt;
1745 	int maxunacktime;
1746 
1747 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_PREVVALID;
1748 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT))
1749 		panic("tcp_setpersist: retransmit pending");
1750 	/*
1751 	 * If the state is already closed, don't bother.
1752 	 */
1753 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_CLOSED)
1754 		return;
1755 
1756 	/*
1757 	 * Start/restart persistence timer.
1758 	 */
1759 	TCPT_RANGESET(tt, t * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift],
1760 		      tcp_persmin, tcp_persmax);
1761 	if (TP_MAXUNACKTIME(tp) && tp->t_acktime) {
1762 		maxunacktime = tp->t_acktime + TP_MAXUNACKTIME(tp) - ticks;
1763 		if (maxunacktime < 1)
1764 			maxunacktime = 1;
1765 		if (maxunacktime < tt)
1766 			tt = maxunacktime;
1767 	}
1768 	tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, tt);
1769 	if (tp->t_rxtshift < TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
1770 		tp->t_rxtshift++;
1771 }
1772 
1773 /*
1774  * Insert TCP options according to the supplied parameters to the place
1775  * optp in a consistent way.  Can handle unaligned destinations.
1776  *
1777  * The order of the option processing is crucial for optimal packing and
1778  * alignment for the scarce option space.
1779  *
1780  * The optimal order for a SYN/SYN-ACK segment is:
1781  *   MSS (4) + NOP (1) + Window scale (3) + SACK permitted (2) +
1782  *   Timestamp (10) + Signature (18) = 38 bytes out of a maximum of 40.
1783  *
1784  * The SACK options should be last.  SACK blocks consume 8*n+2 bytes.
1785  * So a full size SACK blocks option is 34 bytes (with 4 SACK blocks).
1786  * At minimum we need 10 bytes (to generate 1 SACK block).  If both
1787  * TCP Timestamps (12 bytes) and TCP Signatures (18 bytes) are present,
1788  * we only have 10 bytes for SACK options (40 - (12 + 18)).
1789  */
1790 int
1791 tcp_addoptions(struct tcpopt *to, u_char *optp)
1792 {
1793 	u_int32_t mask, optlen = 0;
1794 
1795 	for (mask = 1; mask < TOF_MAXOPT; mask <<= 1) {
1796 		if ((to->to_flags & mask) != mask)
1797 			continue;
1798 		if (optlen == TCP_MAXOLEN)
1799 			break;
1800 		switch (to->to_flags & mask) {
1801 		case TOF_MSS:
1802 			while (optlen % 4) {
1803 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1804 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1805 			}
1806 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_MAXSEG)
1807 				continue;
1808 			optlen += TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1809 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_MAXSEG;
1810 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1811 			to->to_mss = htons(to->to_mss);
1812 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_mss, optp, sizeof(to->to_mss));
1813 			optp += sizeof(to->to_mss);
1814 			break;
1815 		case TOF_SCALE:
1816 			while (!optlen || optlen % 2 != 1) {
1817 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1818 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1819 			}
1820 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_WINDOW)
1821 				continue;
1822 			optlen += TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1823 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_WINDOW;
1824 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1825 			*optp++ = to->to_wscale;
1826 			break;
1827 		case TOF_SACKPERM:
1828 			while (optlen % 2) {
1829 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1830 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1831 			}
1832 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED)
1833 				continue;
1834 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1835 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK_PERMITTED;
1836 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1837 			break;
1838 		case TOF_TS:
1839 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1840 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1841 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1842 			}
1843 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP)
1844 				continue;
1845 			optlen += TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1846 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_TIMESTAMP;
1847 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1848 			to->to_tsval = htonl(to->to_tsval);
1849 			to->to_tsecr = htonl(to->to_tsecr);
1850 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsval, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsval));
1851 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsval);
1852 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsecr, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsecr));
1853 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsecr);
1854 			break;
1855 		case TOF_SIGNATURE:
1856 			{
1857 			int siglen = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE - 2;
1858 
1859 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1860 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1861 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1862 			}
1863 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE) {
1864 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_SIGNATURE;
1865 				continue;
1866 			}
1867 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1868 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SIGNATURE;
1869 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1870 			to->to_signature = optp;
1871 			while (siglen--)
1872 				 *optp++ = 0;
1873 			break;
1874 			}
1875 		case TOF_SACK:
1876 			{
1877 			int sackblks = 0;
1878 			struct sackblk *sack = (struct sackblk *)to->to_sacks;
1879 			tcp_seq sack_seq;
1880 
1881 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1882 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1883 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1884 			}
1885 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + TCPOLEN_SACK)
1886 				continue;
1887 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACKHDR;
1888 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK;
1889 			sackblks = min(to->to_nsacks,
1890 					(TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen) / TCPOLEN_SACK);
1891 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + sackblks * TCPOLEN_SACK;
1892 			while (sackblks--) {
1893 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->start);
1894 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1895 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1896 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->end);
1897 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1898 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1899 				optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK;
1900 				sack++;
1901 			}
1902 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_send_blocks);
1903 			break;
1904 			}
1905 		case TOF_FASTOPEN:
1906 			{
1907 			int total_len;
1908 
1909 			/* XXX is there any point to aligning this option? */
1910 			total_len = TCPOLEN_FAST_OPEN_EMPTY + to->to_tfo_len;
1911 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < total_len) {
1912 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_FASTOPEN;
1913 				continue;
1914 			}
1915 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_FAST_OPEN;
1916 			*optp++ = total_len;
1917 			if (to->to_tfo_len > 0) {
1918 				bcopy(to->to_tfo_cookie, optp, to->to_tfo_len);
1919 				optp += to->to_tfo_len;
1920 			}
1921 			optlen += total_len;
1922 			break;
1923 			}
1924 		default:
1925 			panic("%s: unknown TCP option type", __func__);
1926 			break;
1927 		}
1928 	}
1929 
1930 	/* Terminate and pad TCP options to a 4 byte boundary. */
1931 	if (optlen % 4) {
1932 		optlen += TCPOLEN_EOL;
1933 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
1934 	}
1935 	/*
1936 	 * According to RFC 793 (STD0007):
1937 	 *   "The content of the header beyond the End-of-Option option
1938 	 *    must be header padding (i.e., zero)."
1939 	 *   and later: "The padding is composed of zeros."
1940 	 */
1941 	while (optlen % 4) {
1942 		optlen += TCPOLEN_PAD;
1943 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_PAD;
1944 	}
1945 
1946 	KASSERT(optlen <= TCP_MAXOLEN, ("%s: TCP options too long", __func__));
1947 	return (optlen);
1948 }
1949 
1950 /*
1951  * This is a copy of m_copym(), taking the TSO segment size/limit
1952  * constraints into account, and advancing the sndptr as it goes.
1953  */
1954 struct mbuf *
1955 tcp_m_copym(struct mbuf *m, int32_t off0, int32_t *plen,
1956     int32_t seglimit, int32_t segsize, struct sockbuf *sb, bool hw_tls)
1957 {
1958 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1959 	struct ktls_session *tls, *ntls;
1960 	struct mbuf *start __diagused;
1961 #endif
1962 	struct mbuf *n, **np;
1963 	struct mbuf *top;
1964 	int32_t off = off0;
1965 	int32_t len = *plen;
1966 	int32_t fragsize;
1967 	int32_t len_cp = 0;
1968 	int32_t *pkthdrlen;
1969 	uint32_t mlen, frags;
1970 	bool copyhdr;
1971 
1972 	KASSERT(off >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative off %d", off));
1973 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative len %d", len));
1974 	if (off == 0 && m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
1975 		copyhdr = true;
1976 	else
1977 		copyhdr = false;
1978 	while (off > 0) {
1979 		KASSERT(m != NULL, ("tcp_m_copym, offset > size of mbuf chain"));
1980 		if (off < m->m_len)
1981 			break;
1982 		off -= m->m_len;
1983 		if ((sb) && (m == sb->sb_sndptr)) {
1984 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
1985 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
1986 		}
1987 		m = m->m_next;
1988 	}
1989 	np = &top;
1990 	top = NULL;
1991 	pkthdrlen = NULL;
1992 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1993 	if (hw_tls && (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG))
1994 		tls = m->m_epg_tls;
1995 	else
1996 		tls = NULL;
1997 	start = m;
1998 #endif
1999 	while (len > 0) {
2000 		if (m == NULL) {
2001 			KASSERT(len == M_COPYALL,
2002 			    ("tcp_m_copym, length > size of mbuf chain"));
2003 			*plen = len_cp;
2004 			if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2005 				*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2006 			break;
2007 		}
2008 #ifdef KERN_TLS
2009 		if (hw_tls) {
2010 			if (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG)
2011 				ntls = m->m_epg_tls;
2012 			else
2013 				ntls = NULL;
2014 
2015 			/*
2016 			 * Avoid mixing TLS records with handshake
2017 			 * data or TLS records from different
2018 			 * sessions.
2019 			 */
2020 			if (tls != ntls) {
2021 				MPASS(m != start);
2022 				*plen = len_cp;
2023 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2024 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2025 				break;
2026 			}
2027 		}
2028 #endif
2029 		mlen = min(len, m->m_len - off);
2030 		if (seglimit) {
2031 			/*
2032 			 * For M_EXTPG mbufs, add 3 segments
2033 			 * + 1 in case we are crossing page boundaries
2034 			 * + 2 in case the TLS hdr/trailer are used
2035 			 * It is cheaper to just add the segments
2036 			 * than it is to take the cache miss to look
2037 			 * at the mbuf ext_pgs state in detail.
2038 			 */
2039 			if (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG) {
2040 				fragsize = min(segsize, PAGE_SIZE);
2041 				frags = 3;
2042 			} else {
2043 				fragsize = segsize;
2044 				frags = 0;
2045 			}
2046 
2047 			/* Break if we really can't fit anymore. */
2048 			if ((frags + 1) >= seglimit) {
2049 				*plen =	len_cp;
2050 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2051 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2052 				break;
2053 			}
2054 
2055 			/*
2056 			 * Reduce size if you can't copy the whole
2057 			 * mbuf. If we can't copy the whole mbuf, also
2058 			 * adjust len so the loop will end after this
2059 			 * mbuf.
2060 			 */
2061 			if ((frags + howmany(mlen, fragsize)) >= seglimit) {
2062 				mlen = (seglimit - frags - 1) * fragsize;
2063 				len = mlen;
2064 				*plen = len_cp + len;
2065 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2066 					*pkthdrlen = *plen;
2067 			}
2068 			frags += howmany(mlen, fragsize);
2069 			if (frags == 0)
2070 				frags++;
2071 			seglimit -= frags;
2072 			KASSERT(seglimit > 0,
2073 			    ("%s: seglimit went too low", __func__));
2074 		}
2075 		if (copyhdr)
2076 			n = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
2077 		else
2078 			n = m_get(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
2079 		*np = n;
2080 		if (n == NULL)
2081 			goto nospace;
2082 		if (copyhdr) {
2083 			if (!m_dup_pkthdr(n, m, M_NOWAIT))
2084 				goto nospace;
2085 			if (len == M_COPYALL)
2086 				n->m_pkthdr.len -= off0;
2087 			else
2088 				n->m_pkthdr.len = len;
2089 			pkthdrlen = &n->m_pkthdr.len;
2090 			copyhdr = false;
2091 		}
2092 		n->m_len = mlen;
2093 		len_cp += n->m_len;
2094 		if (m->m_flags & (M_EXT|M_EXTPG)) {
2095 			n->m_data = m->m_data + off;
2096 			mb_dupcl(n, m);
2097 		} else
2098 			bcopy(mtod(m, caddr_t)+off, mtod(n, caddr_t),
2099 			    (u_int)n->m_len);
2100 
2101 		if (sb && (sb->sb_sndptr == m) &&
2102 		    ((n->m_len + off) >= m->m_len) && m->m_next) {
2103 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
2104 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
2105 		}
2106 		off = 0;
2107 		if (len != M_COPYALL) {
2108 			len -= n->m_len;
2109 		}
2110 		m = m->m_next;
2111 		np = &n->m_next;
2112 	}
2113 	return (top);
2114 nospace:
2115 	m_freem(top);
2116 	return (NULL);
2117 }
2118 
2119 void
2120 tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(struct tcpcb *tp, struct socket *so, uint32_t sendwin)
2121 {
2122 
2123 	/*
2124 	 * Automatic sizing of send socket buffer.  Often the send buffer
2125 	 * size is not optimally adjusted to the actual network conditions
2126 	 * at hand (delay bandwidth product).  Setting the buffer size too
2127 	 * small limits throughput on links with high bandwidth and high
2128 	 * delay (eg. trans-continental/oceanic links).  Setting the
2129 	 * buffer size too big consumes too much real kernel memory,
2130 	 * especially with many connections on busy servers.
2131 	 *
2132 	 * The criteria to step up the send buffer one notch are:
2133 	 *  1. receive window of remote host is larger than send buffer
2134 	 *     (with a fudge factor of 5/4th);
2135 	 *  2. send buffer is filled to 7/8th with data (so we actually
2136 	 *     have data to make use of it);
2137 	 *  3. send buffer fill has not hit maximal automatic size;
2138 	 *  4. our send window (slow start and cogestion controlled) is
2139 	 *     larger than sent but unacknowledged data in send buffer.
2140 	 *
2141 	 * The remote host receive window scaling factor may limit the
2142 	 * growing of the send buffer before it reaches its allowed
2143 	 * maximum.
2144 	 *
2145 	 * It scales directly with slow start or congestion window
2146 	 * and does at most one step per received ACK.  This fast
2147 	 * scaling has the drawback of growing the send buffer beyond
2148 	 * what is strictly necessary to make full use of a given
2149 	 * delay*bandwidth product.  However testing has shown this not
2150 	 * to be much of an problem.  At worst we are trading wasting
2151 	 * of available bandwidth (the non-use of it) for wasting some
2152 	 * socket buffer memory.
2153 	 *
2154 	 * TODO: Shrink send buffer during idle periods together
2155 	 * with congestion window.  Requires another timer.  Has to
2156 	 * wait for upcoming tcp timer rewrite.
2157 	 *
2158 	 * XXXGL: should there be used sbused() or sbavail()?
2159 	 */
2160 	if (V_tcp_do_autosndbuf && so->so_snd.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE) {
2161 		int lowat;
2162 
2163 		lowat = V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat ? so->so_snd.sb_lowat : 0;
2164 		if ((tp->snd_wnd / 4 * 5) >= so->so_snd.sb_hiwat - lowat &&
2165 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) >=
2166 		    (so->so_snd.sb_hiwat / 8 * 7) - lowat &&
2167 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) < V_tcp_autosndbuf_max &&
2168 		    sendwin >= (sbused(&so->so_snd) -
2169 		    (tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una))) {
2170 			if (!sbreserve_locked(so, SO_SND,
2171 			    min(so->so_snd.sb_hiwat + V_tcp_autosndbuf_inc,
2172 			     V_tcp_autosndbuf_max), curthread))
2173 				so->so_snd.sb_flags &= ~SB_AUTOSIZE;
2174 		}
2175 	}
2176 }
2177