xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision c3a3d1fd6c7007e7088936e14fd9b4944b3a3054)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  *	@(#)tcp_output.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
36 
37 #include "opt_inet.h"
38 #include "opt_inet6.h"
39 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
40 #include "opt_kern_tls.h"
41 #include "opt_tcpdebug.h"
42 
43 #include <sys/param.h>
44 #include <sys/systm.h>
45 #include <sys/arb.h>
46 #include <sys/domain.h>
47 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
48 #include <sys/hhook.h>
49 #endif
50 #include <sys/kernel.h>
51 #ifdef KERN_TLS
52 #include <sys/ktls.h>
53 #endif
54 #include <sys/lock.h>
55 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
56 #include <sys/mutex.h>
57 #include <sys/protosw.h>
58 #include <sys/qmath.h>
59 #include <sys/sdt.h>
60 #include <sys/socket.h>
61 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
62 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
63 #include <sys/stats.h>
64 
65 #include <net/if.h>
66 #include <net/route.h>
67 #include <net/route/nhop.h>
68 #include <net/vnet.h>
69 
70 #include <netinet/in.h>
71 #include <netinet/in_kdtrace.h>
72 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
73 #include <netinet/ip.h>
74 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
75 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
76 #include <netinet/ip_options.h>
77 #ifdef INET6
78 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
79 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
80 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
81 #endif
82 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
83 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
84 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
85 #include <netinet/tcp_log_buf.h>
86 #include <netinet/tcp_seq.h>
87 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
88 #include <netinet/tcp_syncache.h>
89 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
90 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
91 #include <netinet/cc/cc.h>
92 #include <netinet/tcp_fastopen.h>
93 #ifdef TCPPCAP
94 #include <netinet/tcp_pcap.h>
95 #endif
96 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
97 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h>
98 #endif
99 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
100 #include <netinet/tcp_offload.h>
101 #endif
102 #include <netinet/tcp_ecn.h>
103 
104 #include <netipsec/ipsec_support.h>
105 
106 #include <netinet/udp.h>
107 #include <netinet/udp_var.h>
108 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
109 
110 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
111 
112 VNET_DEFINE(int, path_mtu_discovery) = 1;
113 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, path_mtu_discovery, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
114 	&VNET_NAME(path_mtu_discovery), 1,
115 	"Enable Path MTU Discovery");
116 
117 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_tso) = 1;
118 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, tso, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
119 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_tso), 0,
120 	"Enable TCP Segmentation Offload");
121 
122 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendspace) = 1024*32;
123 #define	V_tcp_sendspace	VNET(tcp_sendspace)
124 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_SENDSPACE, sendspace, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
125 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendspace), 0, "Initial send socket buffer size");
126 
127 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_autosndbuf) = 1;
128 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
129 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_autosndbuf), 0,
130 	"Enable automatic send buffer sizing");
131 
132 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_inc) = 8*1024;
133 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_inc, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
134 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_inc), 0,
135 	"Incrementor step size of automatic send buffer");
136 
137 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_max) = 2*1024*1024;
138 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_max, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
139 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_max), 0,
140 	"Max size of automatic send buffer");
141 
142 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat) = 0;
143 #define	V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat	VNET(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat)
144 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto_lowat, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
145 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat), 0,
146 	"Modify threshold for auto send buffer growth to account for SO_SNDLOWAT");
147 
148 /*
149  * Make sure that either retransmit or persist timer is set for SYN, FIN and
150  * non-ACK.
151  */
152 #define TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, th_flags)			\
153 	KASSERT(((len) == 0 && ((th_flags) & (TH_SYN | TH_FIN)) == 0) ||\
154 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_REXMT) ||				\
155 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_PERSIST),				\
156 	    ("neither rexmt nor persist timer is set"))
157 
158 static void inline	cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp);
159 
160 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
161 /*
162  * Wrapper for the TCP established output helper hook.
163  */
164 void
165 hhook_run_tcp_est_out(struct tcpcb *tp, struct tcphdr *th,
166     struct tcpopt *to, uint32_t len, int tso)
167 {
168 	struct tcp_hhook_data hhook_data;
169 
170 	if (V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT]->hhh_nhooks > 0) {
171 		hhook_data.tp = tp;
172 		hhook_data.th = th;
173 		hhook_data.to = to;
174 		hhook_data.len = len;
175 		hhook_data.tso = tso;
176 
177 		hhook_run_hooks(V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT], &hhook_data,
178 		    tp->osd);
179 	}
180 }
181 #endif
182 
183 /*
184  * CC wrapper hook functions
185  */
186 static void inline
187 cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp)
188 {
189 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tp->t_inpcb);
190 
191 	if (CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle != NULL)
192 		CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle(tp->ccv);
193 }
194 
195 /*
196  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
197  */
198 int
199 tcp_default_output(struct tcpcb *tp)
200 {
201 	struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket;
202 	int32_t len;
203 	uint32_t recwin, sendwin;
204 	uint16_t flags;
205 	int off, error = 0;	/* Keep compiler happy */
206 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = 0;
207 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = 0;
208 	struct mbuf *m;
209 	struct ip *ip = NULL;
210 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
211 	struct ipovly *ipov = NULL;
212 #endif
213 	struct tcphdr *th;
214 	u_char opt[TCP_MAXOLEN];
215 	unsigned ipoptlen, optlen, hdrlen, ulen;
216 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
217 	unsigned ipsec_optlen = 0;
218 #endif
219 	int idle, sendalot, curticks;
220 	int sack_rxmit, sack_bytes_rxmt;
221 	struct sackhole *p;
222 	int tso, mtu;
223 	struct tcpopt to;
224 	struct udphdr *udp = NULL;
225 	struct tcp_log_buffer *lgb;
226 	unsigned int wanted_cookie = 0;
227 	unsigned int dont_sendalot = 0;
228 #if 0
229 	int maxburst = TCP_MAXBURST;
230 #endif
231 #ifdef INET6
232 	struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = NULL;
233 	int isipv6;
234 
235 	isipv6 = (tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0;
236 #endif
237 #ifdef KERN_TLS
238 	const bool hw_tls = (so->so_snd.sb_flags & SB_TLS_IFNET) != 0;
239 #else
240 	const bool hw_tls = false;
241 #endif
242 
243 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
244 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tp->t_inpcb);
245 
246 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
247 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_TOE)
248 		return (tcp_offload_output(tp));
249 #endif
250 
251 	/*
252 	 * For TFO connections in SYN_SENT or SYN_RECEIVED,
253 	 * only allow the initial SYN or SYN|ACK and those sent
254 	 * by the retransmit timer.
255 	 */
256 	if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
257 	    ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) ||
258 	     (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)) &&
259 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) && /* initial SYN or SYN|ACK sent */
260 	    (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))       /* not a retransmit */
261 		return (0);
262 
263 	/*
264 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
265 	 * and flags that will be used.
266 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
267 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
268 	 */
269 	idle = (tp->t_flags & TF_LASTIDLE) || (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
270 	if (idle && (((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tp->t_rxtcur) ||
271 	    (tp->t_sndtime && ((ticks - tp->t_sndtime) >= tp->t_rxtcur))))
272 		cc_after_idle(tp);
273 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_LASTIDLE;
274 	if (idle) {
275 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) {
276 			tp->t_flags |= TF_LASTIDLE;
277 			idle = 0;
278 		}
279 	}
280 again:
281 	/*
282 	 * If we've recently taken a timeout, snd_max will be greater than
283 	 * snd_nxt.  There may be SACK information that allows us to avoid
284 	 * resending already delivered data.  Adjust snd_nxt accordingly.
285 	 */
286 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
287 	    SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
288 		tcp_sack_adjust(tp);
289 	sendalot = 0;
290 	tso = 0;
291 	mtu = 0;
292 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
293 	sendwin = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
294 
295 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
296 	/*
297 	 * Send any SACK-generated retransmissions.  If we're explicitly trying
298 	 * to send out new data (when sendalot is 1), bypass this function.
299 	 * If we retransmit in fast recovery mode, decrement snd_cwnd, since
300 	 * we're replacing a (future) new transmission with a retransmission
301 	 * now, and we previously incremented snd_cwnd in tcp_input().
302 	 */
303 	/*
304 	 * Still in sack recovery , reset rxmit flag to zero.
305 	 */
306 	sack_rxmit = 0;
307 	sack_bytes_rxmt = 0;
308 	len = 0;
309 	p = NULL;
310 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) && IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp->t_flags) &&
311 	    (p = tcp_sack_output(tp, &sack_bytes_rxmt))) {
312 		uint32_t cwin;
313 
314 		cwin =
315 		    imax(min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) - sack_bytes_rxmt, 0);
316 		/* Do not retransmit SACK segments beyond snd_recover */
317 		if (SEQ_GT(p->end, tp->snd_recover)) {
318 			/*
319 			 * (At least) part of sack hole extends beyond
320 			 * snd_recover. Check to see if we can rexmit data
321 			 * for this hole.
322 			 */
323 			if (SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, tp->snd_recover)) {
324 				/*
325 				 * Can't rexmit any more data for this hole.
326 				 * That data will be rexmitted in the next
327 				 * sack recovery episode, when snd_recover
328 				 * moves past p->rxmit.
329 				 */
330 				p = NULL;
331 				goto after_sack_rexmit;
332 			} else {
333 				/* Can rexmit part of the current hole */
334 				len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin,
335 				    SEQ_SUB(tp->snd_recover, p->rxmit)));
336 			}
337 		} else {
338 			len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin,
339 			    SEQ_SUB(p->end, p->rxmit)));
340 		}
341 		if (len > 0) {
342 			off = SEQ_SUB(p->rxmit, tp->snd_una);
343 			KASSERT(off >= 0,("%s: sack block to the left of una : %d",
344 			    __func__, off));
345 			sack_rxmit = 1;
346 			sendalot = 1;
347 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_rexmits);
348 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sack_rexmit_bytes,
349 			    min(len, tcp_maxseg(tp)));
350 		}
351 	}
352 after_sack_rexmit:
353 	/*
354 	 * Get standard flags, and add SYN or FIN if requested by 'hidden'
355 	 * state flags.
356 	 */
357 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
358 		flags |= TH_FIN;
359 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN)
360 		flags |= TH_SYN;
361 
362 	SOCKBUF_LOCK(&so->so_snd);
363 	/*
364 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
365 	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
366 	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
367 	 * and go to transmit state.
368 	 */
369 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) {
370 		if (sendwin == 0) {
371 			/*
372 			 * If we still have some data to send, then
373 			 * clear the FIN bit.  Usually this would
374 			 * happen below when it realizes that we
375 			 * aren't sending all the data.  However,
376 			 * if we have exactly 1 byte of unsent data,
377 			 * then it won't clear the FIN bit below,
378 			 * and if we are in persist state, we wind
379 			 * up sending the packet without recording
380 			 * that we sent the FIN bit.
381 			 *
382 			 * We can't just blindly clear the FIN bit,
383 			 * because if we don't have any more data
384 			 * to send then the probe will be the FIN
385 			 * itself.
386 			 */
387 			if (off < sbused(&so->so_snd))
388 				flags &= ~TH_FIN;
389 			sendwin = 1;
390 		} else {
391 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
392 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
393 		}
394 	}
395 
396 	/*
397 	 * If snd_nxt == snd_max and we have transmitted a FIN, the
398 	 * offset will be > 0 even if so_snd.sb_cc is 0, resulting in
399 	 * a negative length.  This can also occur when TCP opens up
400 	 * its congestion window while receiving additional duplicate
401 	 * acks after fast-retransmit because TCP will reset snd_nxt
402 	 * to snd_max after the fast-retransmit.
403 	 *
404 	 * In the normal retransmit-FIN-only case, however, snd_nxt will
405 	 * be set to snd_una, the offset will be 0, and the length may
406 	 * wind up 0.
407 	 *
408 	 * If sack_rxmit is true we are retransmitting from the scoreboard
409 	 * in which case len is already set.
410 	 */
411 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
412 		if (sack_bytes_rxmt == 0)
413 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), sendwin) -
414 			    off);
415 		else {
416 			int32_t cwin;
417 
418 			/*
419 			 * We are inside of a SACK recovery episode and are
420 			 * sending new data, having retransmitted all the
421 			 * data possible in the scoreboard.
422 			 */
423 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), tp->snd_wnd) -
424 			    off);
425 			/*
426 			 * Don't remove this (len > 0) check !
427 			 * We explicitly check for len > 0 here (although it
428 			 * isn't really necessary), to work around a gcc
429 			 * optimization issue - to force gcc to compute
430 			 * len above. Without this check, the computation
431 			 * of len is bungled by the optimizer.
432 			 */
433 			if (len > 0) {
434 				cwin = tp->snd_cwnd - imax(0, (int32_t)
435 					(tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_recover)) -
436 					sack_bytes_rxmt;
437 				if (cwin < 0)
438 					cwin = 0;
439 				len = imin(len, cwin);
440 			}
441 		}
442 	}
443 
444 	/*
445 	 * Lop off SYN bit if it has already been sent.  However, if this
446 	 * is SYN-SENT state and if segment contains data and if we don't
447 	 * know that foreign host supports TAO, suppress sending segment.
448 	 */
449 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_una)) {
450 		if (tp->t_state != TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)
451 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
452 		/*
453 		 * When sending additional segments following a TFO SYN|ACK,
454 		 * do not include the SYN bit.
455 		 */
456 		if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
457 		    (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED))
458 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
459 		off--, len++;
460 	}
461 
462 	/*
463 	 * Be careful not to send data and/or FIN on SYN segments.
464 	 * This measure is needed to prevent interoperability problems
465 	 * with not fully conformant TCP implementations.
466 	 */
467 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT)) {
468 		len = 0;
469 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
470 	}
471 
472 	/*
473 	 * On TFO sockets, ensure no data is sent in the following cases:
474 	 *
475 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN|ACK on a passively-created socket
476 	 *
477 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN on an actively created socket
478 	 *
479 	 *  - When sending a zero-length cookie (cookie request) on an
480 	 *    actively created socket
481 	 *
482 	 *  - When the socket is in the CLOSED state (RST is being sent)
483 	 */
484 	if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
485 	    (((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_rxtshift > 0)) ||
486 	     ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) &&
487 	      (tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len == 0)) ||
488 	     (flags & TH_RST)))
489 		len = 0;
490 	if (len <= 0) {
491 		/*
492 		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
493 		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
494 		 * len will be < 0.  Otherwise, window shrank
495 		 * after we sent into it.  If window shrank to 0,
496 		 * cancel pending retransmit, pull snd_nxt back
497 		 * to (closed) window, and set the persist timer
498 		 * if it isn't already going.  If the window didn't
499 		 * close completely, just wait for an ACK.
500 		 *
501 		 * We also do a general check here to ensure that
502 		 * we will set the persist timer when we have data
503 		 * to send, but a 0-byte window. This makes sure
504 		 * the persist timer is set even if the packet
505 		 * hits one of the "goto send" lines below.
506 		 */
507 		len = 0;
508 		if ((sendwin == 0) && (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state)) &&
509 		    (off < (int) sbavail(&so->so_snd)) &&
510 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
511 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, 0);
512 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
513 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
514 			if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
515 				tcp_setpersist(tp);
516 		}
517 	}
518 
519 	/* len will be >= 0 after this point. */
520 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
521 
522 	tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(tp, so, sendwin);
523 
524 	/*
525 	 * Decide if we can use TCP Segmentation Offloading (if supported by
526 	 * hardware).
527 	 *
528 	 * TSO may only be used if we are in a pure bulk sending state.  The
529 	 * presence of TCP-MD5, SACK retransmits, SACK advertizements and
530 	 * IP options prevent using TSO.  With TSO the TCP header is the same
531 	 * (except for the sequence number) for all generated packets.  This
532 	 * makes it impossible to transmit any options which vary per generated
533 	 * segment or packet.
534 	 *
535 	 * IPv4 handling has a clear separation of ip options and ip header
536 	 * flags while IPv6 combines both in in6p_outputopts. ip6_optlen() does
537 	 * the right thing below to provide length of just ip options and thus
538 	 * checking for ipoptlen is enough to decide if ip options are present.
539 	 */
540 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
541 	/*
542 	 * Pre-calculate here as we save another lookup into the darknesses
543 	 * of IPsec that way and can actually decide if TSO is ok.
544 	 */
545 #ifdef INET6
546 	if (isipv6 && IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv6))
547 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv6, tp->t_inpcb);
548 #ifdef INET
549 	else
550 #endif
551 #endif /* INET6 */
552 #ifdef INET
553 	if (IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv4))
554 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv4, tp->t_inpcb);
555 #endif /* INET */
556 #endif /* IPSEC */
557 #ifdef INET6
558 	if (isipv6)
559 		ipoptlen = ip6_optlen(tp->t_inpcb);
560 	else
561 #endif
562 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_options)
563 		ipoptlen = tp->t_inpcb->inp_options->m_len -
564 				offsetof(struct ipoption, ipopt_list);
565 	else
566 		ipoptlen = 0;
567 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
568 	ipoptlen += ipsec_optlen;
569 #endif
570 
571 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_TSO) && V_tcp_do_tso && len > tp->t_maxseg &&
572 	    (tp->t_port == 0) &&
573 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) == 0) &&
574 	    tp->rcv_numsacks == 0 && sack_rxmit == 0 &&
575 	    ipoptlen == 0 && !(flags & TH_SYN))
576 		tso = 1;
577 
578 	if (sack_rxmit) {
579 		if (SEQ_LT(p->rxmit + len, tp->snd_una + sbused(&so->so_snd)))
580 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
581 	} else {
582 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una +
583 		    sbused(&so->so_snd)))
584 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
585 	}
586 
587 	recwin = lmin(lmax(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), 0),
588 	    (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale);
589 
590 	/*
591 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.   We transmit under the following
592 	 * conditions when len is non-zero:
593 	 *
594 	 *	- We have a full segment (or more with TSO)
595 	 *	- This is the last buffer in a write()/send() and we are
596 	 *	  either idle or running NODELAY
597 	 *	- we've timed out (e.g. persist timer)
598 	 *	- we have more then 1/2 the maximum send window's worth of
599 	 *	  data (receiver may be limited the window size)
600 	 *	- we need to retransmit
601 	 */
602 	if (len) {
603 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
604 			goto send;
605 		/*
606 		 * As the TCP header options are now
607 		 * considered when setting up the initial
608 		 * window, we would not send the last segment
609 		 * if we skip considering the option length here.
610 		 * Note: this may not work when tcp headers change
611 		 * very dynamically in the future.
612 		 */
613 		if ((((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) ?
614 			PADTCPOLEN(TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE) : 0) +
615 		    ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ?
616 			PADTCPOLEN(TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP) : 0) +
617 		    len) >= tp->t_maxseg)
618 			goto send;
619 		/*
620 		 * NOTE! on localhost connections an 'ack' from the remote
621 		 * end may occur synchronously with the output and cause
622 		 * us to flush a buffer queued with moretocome.  XXX
623 		 *
624 		 * note: the len + off check is almost certainly unnecessary.
625 		 */
626 		if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) &&	/* normal case */
627 		    (idle || (tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY)) &&
628 		    (uint32_t)len + (uint32_t)off >= sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
629 		    (tp->t_flags & TF_NOPUSH) == 0) {
630 			goto send;
631 		}
632 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)		/* typ. timeout case */
633 			goto send;
634 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2 && tp->max_sndwnd > 0)
635 			goto send;
636 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))	/* retransmit case */
637 			goto send;
638 		if (sack_rxmit)
639 			goto send;
640 	}
641 
642 	/*
643 	 * Sending of standalone window updates.
644 	 *
645 	 * Window updates are important when we close our window due to a
646 	 * full socket buffer and are opening it again after the application
647 	 * reads data from it.  Once the window has opened again and the
648 	 * remote end starts to send again the ACK clock takes over and
649 	 * provides the most current window information.
650 	 *
651 	 * We must avoid the silly window syndrome whereas every read
652 	 * from the receive buffer, no matter how small, causes a window
653 	 * update to be sent.  We also should avoid sending a flurry of
654 	 * window updates when the socket buffer had queued a lot of data
655 	 * and the application is doing small reads.
656 	 *
657 	 * Prevent a flurry of pointless window updates by only sending
658 	 * an update when we can increase the advertized window by more
659 	 * than 1/4th of the socket buffer capacity.  When the buffer is
660 	 * getting full or is very small be more aggressive and send an
661 	 * update whenever we can increase by two mss sized segments.
662 	 * In all other situations the ACK's to new incoming data will
663 	 * carry further window increases.
664 	 *
665 	 * Don't send an independent window update if a delayed
666 	 * ACK is pending (it will get piggy-backed on it) or the
667 	 * remote side already has done a half-close and won't send
668 	 * more data.  Skip this if the connection is in T/TCP
669 	 * half-open state.
670 	 */
671 	if (recwin > 0 && !(tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) &&
672 	    !(tp->t_flags & TF_DELACK) &&
673 	    !TCPS_HAVERCVDFIN(tp->t_state)) {
674 		/*
675 		 * "adv" is the amount we could increase the window,
676 		 * taking into account that we are limited by
677 		 * TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale.
678 		 */
679 		int32_t adv;
680 		int oldwin;
681 
682 		adv = recwin;
683 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt)) {
684 			oldwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
685 			if (adv > oldwin)
686 				adv -= oldwin;
687 			else
688 				adv = 0;
689 		} else
690 			oldwin = 0;
691 
692 		/*
693 		 * If the new window size ends up being the same as or less
694 		 * than the old size when it is scaled, then don't force
695 		 * a window update.
696 		 */
697 		if (oldwin >> tp->rcv_scale >= (adv + oldwin) >> tp->rcv_scale)
698 			goto dontupdate;
699 
700 		if (adv >= (int32_t)(2 * tp->t_maxseg) &&
701 		    (adv >= (int32_t)(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) ||
702 		     recwin <= (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 8) ||
703 		     so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat <= 8 * tp->t_maxseg ||
704 		     adv >= TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale))
705 			goto send;
706 		if (2 * adv >= (int32_t)so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat)
707 			goto send;
708 	}
709 dontupdate:
710 
711 	/*
712 	 * Send if we owe the peer an ACK, RST, SYN, or urgent data.  ACKNOW
713 	 * is also a catch-all for the retransmit timer timeout case.
714 	 */
715 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
716 		goto send;
717 	if ((flags & TH_RST) ||
718 	    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) == 0))
719 		goto send;
720 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
721 		goto send;
722 	/*
723 	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
724 	 * and we have not yet done so, then we need to send.
725 	 */
726 	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
727 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
728 		goto send;
729 	/*
730 	 * In SACK, it is possible for tcp_output to fail to send a segment
731 	 * after the retransmission timer has been turned off.  Make sure
732 	 * that the retransmission timer is set.
733 	 */
734 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
735 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) &&
736 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
737 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
738 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, TP_RXTCUR(tp));
739 		goto just_return;
740 	}
741 	/*
742 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
743 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
744 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
745 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
746 	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
747 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
748 	 *
749 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)
750 	 *	is true when we are in persist state.
751 	 * (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)
752 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
753 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT)
754 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
755 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
756 	 *
757 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
758 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
759 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
760 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
761 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
762 	 */
763 	if (sbavail(&so->so_snd) && !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
764 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
765 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
766 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
767 	}
768 
769 	/*
770 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
771 	 */
772 just_return:
773 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
774 	return (0);
775 
776 send:
777 	SOCKBUF_LOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
778 	if (len > 0) {
779 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
780 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
781 		else
782 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
783 	}
784 	/*
785 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
786 	 * unless TCP set not to do any options.
787 	 * NOTE: we assume that the IP/TCP header plus TCP options
788 	 * always fit in a single mbuf, leaving room for a maximum
789 	 * link header, i.e.
790 	 *	max_linkhdr + sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen <= MCLBYTES
791 	 */
792 	optlen = 0;
793 #ifdef INET6
794 	if (isipv6)
795 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr) + sizeof (struct tcphdr);
796 	else
797 #endif
798 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
799 
800 	if (flags & TH_SYN) {
801 		tp->snd_nxt = tp->iss;
802 	}
803 
804 	/*
805 	 * Compute options for segment.
806 	 * We only have to care about SYN and established connection
807 	 * segments.  Options for SYN-ACK segments are handled in TCP
808 	 * syncache.
809 	 */
810 	to.to_flags = 0;
811 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
812 		/* Maximum segment size. */
813 		if (flags & TH_SYN) {
814 			to.to_mss = tcp_mssopt(&tp->t_inpcb->inp_inc);
815 			if (tp->t_port)
816 				to.to_mss -= V_tcp_udp_tunneling_overhead;
817 			to.to_flags |= TOF_MSS;
818 
819 			/*
820 			 * On SYN or SYN|ACK transmits on TFO connections,
821 			 * only include the TFO option if it is not a
822 			 * retransmit, as the presence of the TFO option may
823 			 * have caused the original SYN or SYN|ACK to have
824 			 * been dropped by a middlebox.
825 			 */
826 			if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
827 			    (tp->t_rxtshift == 0)) {
828 				if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED) {
829 					to.to_tfo_len = TCP_FASTOPEN_COOKIE_LEN;
830 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
831 					    (u_int8_t *)&tp->t_tfo_cookie.server;
832 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
833 					wanted_cookie = 1;
834 				} else if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) {
835 					to.to_tfo_len =
836 					    tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len;
837 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
838 					    tp->t_tfo_cookie.client;
839 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
840 					wanted_cookie = 1;
841 					/*
842 					 * If we wind up having more data to
843 					 * send with the SYN than can fit in
844 					 * one segment, don't send any more
845 					 * until the SYN|ACK comes back from
846 					 * the other end.
847 					 */
848 					dont_sendalot = 1;
849 				}
850 			}
851 		}
852 		/* Window scaling. */
853 		if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_SCALE)) {
854 			to.to_wscale = tp->request_r_scale;
855 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SCALE;
856 		}
857 		/* Timestamps. */
858 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ||
859 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_TSTMP))) {
860 			curticks = tcp_ts_getticks();
861 			to.to_tsval = curticks + tp->ts_offset;
862 			to.to_tsecr = tp->ts_recent;
863 			to.to_flags |= TOF_TS;
864 			if (tp->t_rxtshift == 1)
865 				tp->t_badrxtwin = curticks;
866 		}
867 
868 		/* Set receive buffer autosizing timestamp. */
869 		if (tp->rfbuf_ts == 0 &&
870 		    (so->so_rcv.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE))
871 			tp->rfbuf_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
872 
873 		/* Selective ACK's. */
874 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) {
875 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
876 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACKPERM;
877 			else if (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
878 			    tp->rcv_numsacks > 0) {
879 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACK;
880 				to.to_nsacks = tp->rcv_numsacks;
881 				to.to_sacks = (u_char *)tp->sackblks;
882 			}
883 		}
884 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
885 		/* TCP-MD5 (RFC2385). */
886 		/*
887 		 * Check that TCP_MD5SIG is enabled in tcpcb to
888 		 * account the size needed to set this TCP option.
889 		 */
890 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE)
891 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SIGNATURE;
892 #endif /* TCP_SIGNATURE */
893 
894 		/* Processing the options. */
895 		hdrlen += optlen = tcp_addoptions(&to, opt);
896 		/*
897 		 * If we wanted a TFO option to be added, but it was unable
898 		 * to fit, ensure no data is sent.
899 		 */
900 		if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) && wanted_cookie &&
901 		    !(to.to_flags & TOF_FASTOPEN))
902 			len = 0;
903 	}
904 	if (tp->t_port) {
905 		if (V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port == 0) {
906 			/* The port was removed?? */
907 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
908 			return (EHOSTUNREACH);
909 		}
910 		hdrlen += sizeof(struct udphdr);
911 	}
912 	/*
913 	 * Adjust data length if insertion of options will
914 	 * bump the packet length beyond the t_maxseg length.
915 	 * Clear the FIN bit because we cut off the tail of
916 	 * the segment.
917 	 */
918 	if (len + optlen + ipoptlen > tp->t_maxseg) {
919 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
920 
921 		if (tso) {
922 			u_int if_hw_tsomax;
923 			u_int moff;
924 			int max_len;
925 
926 			/* extract TSO information */
927 			if_hw_tsomax = tp->t_tsomax;
928 			if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = tp->t_tsomaxsegcount;
929 			if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = tp->t_tsomaxsegsize;
930 
931 			/*
932 			 * Limit a TSO burst to prevent it from
933 			 * overflowing or exceeding the maximum length
934 			 * allowed by the network interface:
935 			 */
936 			KASSERT(ipoptlen == 0,
937 			    ("%s: TSO can't do IP options", __func__));
938 
939 			/*
940 			 * Check if we should limit by maximum payload
941 			 * length:
942 			 */
943 			if (if_hw_tsomax != 0) {
944 				/* compute maximum TSO length */
945 				max_len = (if_hw_tsomax - hdrlen -
946 				    max_linkhdr);
947 				if (max_len <= 0) {
948 					len = 0;
949 				} else if (len > max_len) {
950 					sendalot = 1;
951 					len = max_len;
952 				}
953 			}
954 
955 			/*
956 			 * Prevent the last segment from being
957 			 * fractional unless the send sockbuf can be
958 			 * emptied:
959 			 */
960 			max_len = (tp->t_maxseg - optlen);
961 			if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len) <
962 			    sbavail(&so->so_snd)) {
963 				moff = len % max_len;
964 				if (moff != 0) {
965 					len -= moff;
966 					sendalot = 1;
967 				}
968 			}
969 
970 			/*
971 			 * In case there are too many small fragments
972 			 * don't use TSO:
973 			 */
974 			if (len <= max_len) {
975 				len = max_len;
976 				sendalot = 1;
977 				tso = 0;
978 			}
979 
980 			/*
981 			 * Send the FIN in a separate segment
982 			 * after the bulk sending is done.
983 			 * We don't trust the TSO implementations
984 			 * to clear the FIN flag on all but the
985 			 * last segment.
986 			 */
987 			if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
988 				sendalot = 1;
989 		} else {
990 			if (optlen + ipoptlen >= tp->t_maxseg) {
991 				/*
992 				 * Since we don't have enough space to put
993 				 * the IP header chain and the TCP header in
994 				 * one packet as required by RFC 7112, don't
995 				 * send it. Also ensure that at least one
996 				 * byte of the payload can be put into the
997 				 * TCP segment.
998 				 */
999 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1000 				error = EMSGSIZE;
1001 				sack_rxmit = 0;
1002 				goto out;
1003 			}
1004 			len = tp->t_maxseg - optlen - ipoptlen;
1005 			sendalot = 1;
1006 			if (dont_sendalot)
1007 				sendalot = 0;
1008 		}
1009 	} else
1010 		tso = 0;
1011 
1012 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen + ipoptlen <= IP_MAXPACKET,
1013 	    ("%s: len > IP_MAXPACKET", __func__));
1014 
1015 /*#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC*/
1016 #ifdef INET6
1017 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MCLBYTES)
1018 #else
1019 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MHLEN)
1020 #endif
1021 		panic("tcphdr too big");
1022 /*#endif*/
1023 
1024 	/*
1025 	 * This KASSERT is here to catch edge cases at a well defined place.
1026 	 * Before, those had triggered (random) panic conditions further down.
1027 	 */
1028 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
1029 
1030 	/*
1031 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
1032 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
1033 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
1034 	 */
1035 	if (len) {
1036 		struct mbuf *mb;
1037 		struct sockbuf *msb;
1038 		u_int moff;
1039 
1040 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) && len == 1) {
1041 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndprobe);
1042 #ifdef STATS
1043 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1044 				stats_voi_update_abs_u32(tp->t_stats,
1045 				VOI_TCP_RETXPB, len);
1046 			else
1047 				stats_voi_update_abs_u64(tp->t_stats,
1048 				    VOI_TCP_TXPB, len);
1049 #endif /* STATS */
1050 		} else if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max) || sack_rxmit) {
1051 			tp->t_sndrexmitpack++;
1052 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndrexmitpack);
1053 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndrexmitbyte, len);
1054 #ifdef STATS
1055 			stats_voi_update_abs_u32(tp->t_stats, VOI_TCP_RETXPB,
1056 			    len);
1057 #endif /* STATS */
1058 		} else {
1059 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndpack);
1060 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndbyte, len);
1061 #ifdef STATS
1062 			stats_voi_update_abs_u64(tp->t_stats, VOI_TCP_TXPB,
1063 			    len);
1064 #endif /* STATS */
1065 		}
1066 #ifdef INET6
1067 		if (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr)
1068 			m = m_getcl(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA, M_PKTHDR);
1069 		else
1070 #endif
1071 			m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1072 
1073 		if (m == NULL) {
1074 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1075 			error = ENOBUFS;
1076 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1077 			goto out;
1078 		}
1079 
1080 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1081 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1082 
1083 		/*
1084 		 * Start the m_copy functions from the closest mbuf
1085 		 * to the offset in the socket buffer chain.
1086 		 */
1087 		mb = sbsndptr_noadv(&so->so_snd, off, &moff);
1088 		if (len <= MHLEN - hdrlen - max_linkhdr && !hw_tls) {
1089 			m_copydata(mb, moff, len,
1090 			    mtod(m, caddr_t) + hdrlen);
1091 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1092 				sbsndptr_adv(&so->so_snd, mb, len);
1093 			m->m_len += len;
1094 		} else {
1095 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1096 				msb = NULL;
1097 			else
1098 				msb = &so->so_snd;
1099 			m->m_next = tcp_m_copym(mb, moff,
1100 			    &len, if_hw_tsomaxsegcount,
1101 			    if_hw_tsomaxsegsize, msb, hw_tls);
1102 			if (len <= (tp->t_maxseg - optlen)) {
1103 				/*
1104 				 * Must have ran out of mbufs for the copy
1105 				 * shorten it to no longer need tso. Lets
1106 				 * not put on sendalot since we are low on
1107 				 * mbufs.
1108 				 */
1109 				tso = 0;
1110 			}
1111 			if (m->m_next == NULL) {
1112 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1113 				(void) m_free(m);
1114 				error = ENOBUFS;
1115 				sack_rxmit = 0;
1116 				goto out;
1117 			}
1118 		}
1119 
1120 		/*
1121 		 * If we're sending everything we've got, set PUSH.
1122 		 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
1123 		 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or
1124 		 * a PUSH comes in.)
1125 		 */
1126 		if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len == sbused(&so->so_snd)) &&
1127 		    !(flags & TH_SYN))
1128 			flags |= TH_PUSH;
1129 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1130 	} else {
1131 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1132 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
1133 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndacks);
1134 		else if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN|TH_RST))
1135 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndctrl);
1136 		else if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
1137 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndurg);
1138 		else
1139 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndwinup);
1140 
1141 		m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1142 		if (m == NULL) {
1143 			error = ENOBUFS;
1144 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1145 			goto out;
1146 		}
1147 #ifdef INET6
1148 		if (isipv6 && (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr) &&
1149 		    MHLEN >= hdrlen) {
1150 			M_ALIGN(m, hdrlen);
1151 		} else
1152 #endif
1153 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1154 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1155 	}
1156 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
1157 	m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = (struct ifnet *)0;
1158 #ifdef MAC
1159 	mac_inpcb_create_mbuf(tp->t_inpcb, m);
1160 #endif
1161 #ifdef INET6
1162 	if (isipv6) {
1163 		ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
1164 		if (tp->t_port) {
1165 			udp = (struct udphdr *)((caddr_t)ip6 + sizeof(struct ip6_hdr));
1166 			udp->uh_sport = htons(V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port);
1167 			udp->uh_dport = tp->t_port;
1168 			ulen = hdrlen + len - sizeof(struct ip6_hdr);
1169 			udp->uh_ulen = htons(ulen);
1170 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(udp + 1);
1171 		} else {
1172 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip6 + 1);
1173 		}
1174 		tcpip_fillheaders(tp->t_inpcb, tp->t_port, ip6, th);
1175 	} else
1176 #endif /* INET6 */
1177 	{
1178 		ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
1179 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
1180 		ipov = (struct ipovly *)ip;
1181 #endif
1182 		if (tp->t_port) {
1183 			udp = (struct udphdr *)((caddr_t)ip + sizeof(struct ip));
1184 			udp->uh_sport = htons(V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port);
1185 			udp->uh_dport = tp->t_port;
1186 			ulen = hdrlen + len - sizeof(struct ip);
1187 			udp->uh_ulen = htons(ulen);
1188 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(udp + 1);
1189 		} else
1190 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip + 1);
1191 		tcpip_fillheaders(tp->t_inpcb, tp->t_port, ip, th);
1192 	}
1193 
1194 	/*
1195 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
1196 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
1197 	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
1198 	 */
1199 	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN &&
1200 	    tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_max)
1201 		tp->snd_nxt--;
1202 	/*
1203 	 * If we are starting a connection, send ECN setup
1204 	 * SYN packet. If we are on a retransmit, we may
1205 	 * resend those bits a number of times as per
1206 	 * RFC 3168.
1207 	 */
1208 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT && V_tcp_do_ecn) {
1209 		flags |= tcp_ecn_output_syn_sent(tp);
1210 	}
1211 	/* Also handle parallel SYN for ECN */
1212 	if ((TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) &&
1213 	    (tp->t_flags2 & (TF2_ECN_PERMIT | TF2_ACE_PERMIT))) {
1214 		int ect = tcp_ecn_output_established(tp, &flags, len, sack_rxmit);
1215 		if ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED) &&
1216 		    (tp->t_flags2 & TF2_ECN_SND_ECE))
1217 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_ECN_SND_ECE;
1218 #ifdef INET6
1219 		if (isipv6) {
1220 			ip6->ip6_flow &= ~htonl(IPTOS_ECN_MASK << 20);
1221 			ip6->ip6_flow |= htonl(ect << 20);
1222 		}
1223 		else
1224 #endif
1225 		{
1226 			ip->ip_tos &= ~IPTOS_ECN_MASK;
1227 			ip->ip_tos |= ect;
1228 		}
1229 	}
1230 
1231 	/*
1232 	 * If we are doing retransmissions, then snd_nxt will
1233 	 * not reflect the first unsent octet.  For ACK only
1234 	 * packets, we do not want the sequence number of the
1235 	 * retransmitted packet, we want the sequence number
1236 	 * of the next unsent octet.  So, if there is no data
1237 	 * (and no SYN or FIN), use snd_max instead of snd_nxt
1238 	 * when filling in ti_seq.  But if we are in persist
1239 	 * state, snd_max might reflect one byte beyond the
1240 	 * right edge of the window, so use snd_nxt in that
1241 	 * case, since we know we aren't doing a retransmission.
1242 	 * (retransmit and persist are mutually exclusive...)
1243 	 */
1244 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
1245 		if (len || (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) ||
1246 		    tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
1247 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
1248 		else
1249 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_max);
1250 	} else {
1251 		th->th_seq = htonl(p->rxmit);
1252 		p->rxmit += len;
1253 		/*
1254 		 * Lost Retransmission Detection
1255 		 * trigger resending of a (then
1256 		 * still existing) hole, when
1257 		 * fack acks recoverypoint.
1258 		 */
1259 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_LRD) && SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, p->end))
1260 			p->rxmit = tp->snd_recover;
1261 		tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit += len;
1262 	}
1263 	if (IN_RECOVERY(tp->t_flags)) {
1264 		/*
1265 		 * Account all bytes transmitted while
1266 		 * IN_RECOVERY, simplifying PRR and
1267 		 * Lost Retransmit Detection
1268 		 */
1269 		tp->sackhint.prr_out += len;
1270 	}
1271 	th->th_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
1272 	if (optlen) {
1273 		bcopy(opt, th + 1, optlen);
1274 		th->th_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
1275 	}
1276 	tcp_set_flags(th, flags);
1277 	/*
1278 	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
1279 	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
1280 	 * If a RST segment is sent, advertise a window of zero.
1281 	 */
1282 	if (flags & TH_RST) {
1283 		recwin = 0;
1284 	} else {
1285 		if (recwin < (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) &&
1286 		    recwin < tp->t_maxseg)
1287 			recwin = 0;
1288 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt) &&
1289 		    recwin < (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
1290 			recwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
1291 	}
1292 	/*
1293 	 * According to RFC1323 the window field in a SYN (i.e., a <SYN>
1294 	 * or <SYN,ACK>) segment itself is never scaled.  The <SYN,ACK>
1295 	 * case is handled in syncache.
1296 	 */
1297 	if (flags & TH_SYN)
1298 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)
1299 				(min(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), TCP_MAXWIN)));
1300 	else {
1301 		/* Avoid shrinking window with window scaling. */
1302 		recwin = roundup2(recwin, 1 << tp->rcv_scale);
1303 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)(recwin >> tp->rcv_scale));
1304 	}
1305 
1306 	/*
1307 	 * Adjust the RXWIN0SENT flag - indicate that we have advertised
1308 	 * a 0 window.  This may cause the remote transmitter to stall.  This
1309 	 * flag tells soreceive() to disable delayed acknowledgements when
1310 	 * draining the buffer.  This can occur if the receiver is attempting
1311 	 * to read more data than can be buffered prior to transmitting on
1312 	 * the connection.
1313 	 */
1314 	if (th->th_win == 0) {
1315 		tp->t_sndzerowin++;
1316 		tp->t_flags |= TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1317 	} else
1318 		tp->t_flags &= ~TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1319 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
1320 		th->th_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
1321 		th->th_flags |= TH_URG;
1322 	} else
1323 		/*
1324 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
1325 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
1326 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
1327 		 * number wraparound.
1328 		 */
1329 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
1330 
1331 	/*
1332 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
1333 	 * checksum extended header and data.
1334 	 */
1335 	m->m_pkthdr.len = hdrlen + len; /* in6_cksum() need this */
1336 
1337 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
1338 	if (to.to_flags & TOF_SIGNATURE) {
1339 		/*
1340 		 * Calculate MD5 signature and put it into the place
1341 		 * determined before.
1342 		 * NOTE: since TCP options buffer doesn't point into
1343 		 * mbuf's data, calculate offset and use it.
1344 		 */
1345 		if (!TCPMD5_ENABLED() || (error = TCPMD5_OUTPUT(m, th,
1346 		    (u_char *)(th + 1) + (to.to_signature - opt))) != 0) {
1347 			/*
1348 			 * Do not send segment if the calculation of MD5
1349 			 * digest has failed.
1350 			 */
1351 			m_freem(m);
1352 			goto out;
1353 		}
1354 	}
1355 #endif
1356 #ifdef INET6
1357 	if (isipv6) {
1358 		/*
1359 		 * There is no need to fill in ip6_plen right now.
1360 		 * It will be filled later by ip6_output.
1361 		 */
1362 		if (tp->t_port) {
1363 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_UDP_IPV6;
1364 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct udphdr, uh_sum);
1365 			udp->uh_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6, ulen, IPPROTO_UDP, 0);
1366 			th->th_sum = htons(0);
1367 			UDPSTAT_INC(udps_opackets);
1368 		} else {
1369 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP_IPV6;
1370 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1371 			th->th_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6,
1372 			    sizeof(struct tcphdr) + optlen + len, IPPROTO_TCP,
1373 			    0);
1374 		}
1375 	}
1376 #endif
1377 #if defined(INET6) && defined(INET)
1378 	else
1379 #endif
1380 #ifdef INET
1381 	{
1382 		if (tp->t_port) {
1383 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_UDP;
1384 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct udphdr, uh_sum);
1385 			udp->uh_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr,
1386 			   ip->ip_dst.s_addr, htons(ulen + IPPROTO_UDP));
1387 			th->th_sum = htons(0);
1388 			UDPSTAT_INC(udps_opackets);
1389 		} else {
1390 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP;
1391 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1392 			th->th_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr,
1393 			    ip->ip_dst.s_addr, htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr) +
1394 			    IPPROTO_TCP + len + optlen));
1395 		}
1396 
1397 		/* IP version must be set here for ipv4/ipv6 checking later */
1398 		KASSERT(ip->ip_v == IPVERSION,
1399 		    ("%s: IP version incorrect: %d", __func__, ip->ip_v));
1400 	}
1401 #endif
1402 
1403 	/*
1404 	 * Enable TSO and specify the size of the segments.
1405 	 * The TCP pseudo header checksum is always provided.
1406 	 */
1407 	if (tso) {
1408 		KASSERT(len > tp->t_maxseg - optlen,
1409 		    ("%s: len <= tso_segsz", __func__));
1410 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |= CSUM_TSO;
1411 		m->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz = tp->t_maxseg - optlen;
1412 	}
1413 
1414 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen == m_length(m, NULL),
1415 	    ("%s: mbuf chain shorter than expected: %d + %u != %u",
1416 	    __func__, len, hdrlen, m_length(m, NULL)));
1417 
1418 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
1419 	/* Run HHOOK_TCP_ESTABLISHED_OUT helper hooks. */
1420 	hhook_run_tcp_est_out(tp, th, &to, len, tso);
1421 #endif
1422 
1423 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
1424 	/*
1425 	 * Trace.
1426 	 */
1427 	if (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG) {
1428 		u_short save = 0;
1429 #ifdef INET6
1430 		if (!isipv6)
1431 #endif
1432 		{
1433 			save = ipov->ih_len;
1434 			ipov->ih_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len /* - hdrlen + (th->th_off << 2) */);
1435 		}
1436 		tcp_trace(TA_OUTPUT, tp->t_state, tp, mtod(m, void *), th, 0);
1437 #ifdef INET6
1438 		if (!isipv6)
1439 #endif
1440 		ipov->ih_len = save;
1441 	}
1442 #endif /* TCPDEBUG */
1443 	TCP_PROBE3(debug__output, tp, th, m);
1444 
1445 	/* We're getting ready to send; log now. */
1446 	/* XXXMT: We are not honoring verbose logging. */
1447 	if (tp->t_logstate != TCP_LOG_STATE_OFF)
1448 		lgb = tcp_log_event_(tp, th, &so->so_rcv, &so->so_snd,
1449 		    TCP_LOG_OUT, ERRNO_UNK, len, NULL, false, NULL, NULL, 0,
1450 		    NULL);
1451 	else
1452 		lgb = NULL;
1453 
1454 	/*
1455 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
1456 	 * send to IP level.  There should be a better way
1457 	 * to handle ttl and tos; we could keep them in
1458 	 * the template, but need a way to checksum without them.
1459 	 */
1460 	/*
1461 	 * m->m_pkthdr.len should have been set before checksum calculation,
1462 	 * because in6_cksum() need it.
1463 	 */
1464 #ifdef INET6
1465 	if (isipv6) {
1466 		/*
1467 		 * we separately set hoplimit for every segment, since the
1468 		 * user might want to change the value via setsockopt.
1469 		 * Also, desired default hop limit might be changed via
1470 		 * Neighbor Discovery.
1471 		 */
1472 		ip6->ip6_hlim = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb, NULL);
1473 
1474 		/*
1475 		 * Set the packet size here for the benefit of DTrace probes.
1476 		 * ip6_output() will set it properly; it's supposed to include
1477 		 * the option header lengths as well.
1478 		 */
1479 		ip6->ip6_plen = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len - sizeof(*ip6));
1480 
1481 		if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss)
1482 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1483 		else
1484 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1485 
1486 		if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1487 			TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1488 
1489 		TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1490 
1491 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1492 		/* Save packet, if requested. */
1493 		tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1494 #endif
1495 
1496 		/* TODO: IPv6 IP6TOS_ECT bit on */
1497 		error = ip6_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->in6p_outputopts,
1498 		    &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route6,
1499 		    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ?  IP_ROUTETOIF : 0),
1500 		    NULL, NULL, tp->t_inpcb);
1501 
1502 		if (error == EMSGSIZE && tp->t_inpcb->inp_route6.ro_nh != NULL)
1503 			mtu = tp->t_inpcb->inp_route6.ro_nh->nh_mtu;
1504 	}
1505 #endif /* INET6 */
1506 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
1507 	else
1508 #endif
1509 #ifdef INET
1510     {
1511 	ip->ip_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len);
1512 #ifdef INET6
1513 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6PROTO)
1514 		ip->ip_ttl = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb, NULL);
1515 #endif /* INET6 */
1516 	/*
1517 	 * If we do path MTU discovery, then we set DF on every packet.
1518 	 * This might not be the best thing to do according to RFC3390
1519 	 * Section 2. However the tcp hostcache migitates the problem
1520 	 * so it affects only the first tcp connection with a host.
1521 	 *
1522 	 * NB: Don't set DF on small MTU/MSS to have a safe fallback.
1523 	 */
1524 	if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss) {
1525 		tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1526 		if (tp->t_port == 0 || len < V_tcp_minmss) {
1527 			ip->ip_off |= htons(IP_DF);
1528 		}
1529 	} else {
1530 		tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1531 	}
1532 
1533 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1534 		TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1535 
1536 	TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1537 
1538 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1539 	/* Save packet, if requested. */
1540 	tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1541 #endif
1542 
1543 	error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route,
1544 	    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ? IP_ROUTETOIF : 0), 0,
1545 	    tp->t_inpcb);
1546 
1547 	if (error == EMSGSIZE && tp->t_inpcb->inp_route.ro_nh != NULL)
1548 		mtu = tp->t_inpcb->inp_route.ro_nh->nh_mtu;
1549     }
1550 #endif /* INET */
1551 
1552 	if (lgb != NULL) {
1553 		lgb->tlb_errno = error;
1554 		lgb = NULL;
1555 	}
1556 out:
1557 	if (error == 0)
1558 		tcp_account_for_send(tp, len, (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max), 0, hw_tls);
1559 	/*
1560 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
1561 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
1562 	 */
1563 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1564 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1565 		tcp_seq startseq = tp->snd_nxt;
1566 
1567 		/*
1568 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
1569 		 */
1570 		if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) {
1571 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
1572 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1573 			if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1574 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1575 				tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1576 			}
1577 		}
1578 		if (sack_rxmit)
1579 			goto timer;
1580 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
1581 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
1582 			/*
1583 			 * Update "made progress" indication if we just
1584 			 * added new data to an empty socket buffer.
1585 			 */
1586 			if (tp->snd_una == tp->snd_max)
1587 				tp->t_acktime = ticks;
1588 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
1589 			/*
1590 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
1591 			 * not currently timing anything.
1592 			 */
1593 			tp->t_sndtime = ticks;
1594 			if (tp->t_rtttime == 0) {
1595 				tp->t_rtttime = ticks;
1596 				tp->t_rtseq = startseq;
1597 				TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_segstimed);
1598 			}
1599 #ifdef STATS
1600 			if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_GPUTINPROG) && len) {
1601 				tp->t_flags |= TF_GPUTINPROG;
1602 				tp->gput_seq = startseq;
1603 				tp->gput_ack = startseq +
1604 				    ulmin(sbavail(&so->so_snd) - off, sendwin);
1605 				tp->gput_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
1606 			}
1607 #endif /* STATS */
1608 		}
1609 
1610 		/*
1611 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
1612 		 * and not doing a pure ack or a keep-alive probe.
1613 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
1614 		 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
1615 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
1616 		 * of retransmit time.
1617 		 */
1618 timer:
1619 		if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1620 		    ((sack_rxmit && tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max) ||
1621 		     (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))) {
1622 			if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1623 				tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
1624 				tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1625 			}
1626 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, TP_RXTCUR(tp));
1627 		} else if (len == 0 && sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
1628 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1629 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1630 			/*
1631 			 * Avoid a situation where we do not set persist timer
1632 			 * after a zero window condition. For example:
1633 			 * 1) A -> B: packet with enough data to fill the window
1634 			 * 2) B -> A: ACK for #1 + new data (0 window
1635 			 *    advertisement)
1636 			 * 3) A -> B: ACK for #2, 0 len packet
1637 			 *
1638 			 * In this case, A will not activate the persist timer,
1639 			 * because it chose to send a packet. Unless tcp_output
1640 			 * is called for some other reason (delayed ack timer,
1641 			 * another input packet from B, socket syscall), A will
1642 			 * not send zero window probes.
1643 			 *
1644 			 * So, if you send a 0-length packet, but there is data
1645 			 * in the socket buffer, and neither the rexmt or
1646 			 * persist timer is already set, then activate the
1647 			 * persist timer.
1648 			 */
1649 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1650 			tcp_setpersist(tp);
1651 		}
1652 	} else {
1653 		/*
1654 		 * Persist case, update snd_max but since we are in
1655 		 * persist mode (no window) we do not update snd_nxt.
1656 		 */
1657 		int xlen = len;
1658 		if (flags & TH_SYN)
1659 			++xlen;
1660 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1661 			++xlen;
1662 			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1663 		}
1664 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + xlen, tp->snd_max))
1665 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + xlen;
1666 	}
1667 	if ((error == 0) &&
1668 	    (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
1669 	     (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
1670 	     tp->rcv_numsacks > 0)) {
1671 		    /* Clean up any DSACK's sent */
1672 		    tcp_clean_dsack_blocks(tp);
1673 	}
1674 	if (error) {
1675 		/*
1676 		 * We know that the packet was lost, so back out the
1677 		 * sequence number advance, if any.
1678 		 *
1679 		 * If the error is EPERM the packet got blocked by the
1680 		 * local firewall.  Normally we should terminate the
1681 		 * connection but the blocking may have been spurious
1682 		 * due to a firewall reconfiguration cycle.  So we treat
1683 		 * it like a packet loss and let the retransmit timer and
1684 		 * timeouts do their work over time.
1685 		 * XXX: It is a POLA question whether calling tcp_drop right
1686 		 * away would be the really correct behavior instead.
1687 		 */
1688 		if (((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1689 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) &&
1690 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) == 0) &&
1691 		    (error != EPERM)) {
1692 			if (sack_rxmit) {
1693 				p->rxmit -= len;
1694 				tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit -= len;
1695 				KASSERT(tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit >= 0,
1696 				    ("sackhint bytes rtx >= 0"));
1697 				KASSERT((flags & TH_FIN) == 0,
1698 				    ("error while FIN with SACK rxmit"));
1699 			} else {
1700 				tp->snd_nxt -= len;
1701 				if (flags & TH_FIN)
1702 					tp->snd_nxt--;
1703 			}
1704 		}
1705 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);	/* Check gotos. */
1706 		switch (error) {
1707 		case EACCES:
1708 		case EPERM:
1709 			tp->t_softerror = error;
1710 			return (error);
1711 		case ENOBUFS:
1712 			TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, flags);
1713 			tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
1714 			return (0);
1715 		case EMSGSIZE:
1716 			/*
1717 			 * For some reason the interface we used initially
1718 			 * to send segments changed to another or lowered
1719 			 * its MTU.
1720 			 * If TSO was active we either got an interface
1721 			 * without TSO capabilits or TSO was turned off.
1722 			 * If we obtained mtu from ip_output() then update
1723 			 * it and try again.
1724 			 */
1725 			if (tso)
1726 				tp->t_flags &= ~TF_TSO;
1727 			if (mtu != 0) {
1728 				tcp_mss_update(tp, -1, mtu, NULL, NULL);
1729 				goto again;
1730 			}
1731 			return (error);
1732 		case EHOSTDOWN:
1733 		case EHOSTUNREACH:
1734 		case ENETDOWN:
1735 		case ENETUNREACH:
1736 			if (TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) {
1737 				tp->t_softerror = error;
1738 				return (0);
1739 			}
1740 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1741 		default:
1742 			return (error);
1743 		}
1744 	}
1745 	TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndtotal);
1746 
1747 	/*
1748 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
1749 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
1750 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
1751 	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
1752 	 */
1753 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt + recwin, tp->rcv_adv))
1754 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + recwin;
1755 	tp->last_ack_sent = tp->rcv_nxt;
1756 	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW | TF_DELACK);
1757 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_DELACK))
1758 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_DELACK, 0);
1759 #if 0
1760 	/*
1761 	 * This completely breaks TCP if newreno is turned on.  What happens
1762 	 * is that if delayed-acks are turned on on the receiver, this code
1763 	 * on the transmitter effectively destroys the TCP window, forcing
1764 	 * it to four packets (1.5Kx4 = 6K window).
1765 	 */
1766 	if (sendalot && --maxburst)
1767 		goto again;
1768 #endif
1769 	if (sendalot)
1770 		goto again;
1771 	return (0);
1772 }
1773 
1774 void
1775 tcp_setpersist(struct tcpcb *tp)
1776 {
1777 	int t = ((tp->t_srtt >> 2) + tp->t_rttvar) >> 1;
1778 	int tt;
1779 	int maxunacktime;
1780 
1781 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_PREVVALID;
1782 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT))
1783 		panic("tcp_setpersist: retransmit pending");
1784 	/*
1785 	 * If the state is already closed, don't bother.
1786 	 */
1787 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_CLOSED)
1788 		return;
1789 
1790 	/*
1791 	 * Start/restart persistence timer.
1792 	 */
1793 	TCPT_RANGESET(tt, t * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift],
1794 		      tcp_persmin, tcp_persmax);
1795 	if (TP_MAXUNACKTIME(tp) && tp->t_acktime) {
1796 		maxunacktime = tp->t_acktime + TP_MAXUNACKTIME(tp) - ticks;
1797 		if (maxunacktime < 1)
1798 			maxunacktime = 1;
1799 		if (maxunacktime < tt)
1800 			tt = maxunacktime;
1801 	}
1802 	tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, tt);
1803 	if (tp->t_rxtshift < TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
1804 		tp->t_rxtshift++;
1805 }
1806 
1807 /*
1808  * Insert TCP options according to the supplied parameters to the place
1809  * optp in a consistent way.  Can handle unaligned destinations.
1810  *
1811  * The order of the option processing is crucial for optimal packing and
1812  * alignment for the scarce option space.
1813  *
1814  * The optimal order for a SYN/SYN-ACK segment is:
1815  *   MSS (4) + NOP (1) + Window scale (3) + SACK permitted (2) +
1816  *   Timestamp (10) + Signature (18) = 38 bytes out of a maximum of 40.
1817  *
1818  * The SACK options should be last.  SACK blocks consume 8*n+2 bytes.
1819  * So a full size SACK blocks option is 34 bytes (with 4 SACK blocks).
1820  * At minimum we need 10 bytes (to generate 1 SACK block).  If both
1821  * TCP Timestamps (12 bytes) and TCP Signatures (18 bytes) are present,
1822  * we only have 10 bytes for SACK options (40 - (12 + 18)).
1823  */
1824 int
1825 tcp_addoptions(struct tcpopt *to, u_char *optp)
1826 {
1827 	u_int32_t mask, optlen = 0;
1828 
1829 	for (mask = 1; mask < TOF_MAXOPT; mask <<= 1) {
1830 		if ((to->to_flags & mask) != mask)
1831 			continue;
1832 		if (optlen == TCP_MAXOLEN)
1833 			break;
1834 		switch (to->to_flags & mask) {
1835 		case TOF_MSS:
1836 			while (optlen % 4) {
1837 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1838 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1839 			}
1840 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_MAXSEG)
1841 				continue;
1842 			optlen += TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1843 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_MAXSEG;
1844 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1845 			to->to_mss = htons(to->to_mss);
1846 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_mss, optp, sizeof(to->to_mss));
1847 			optp += sizeof(to->to_mss);
1848 			break;
1849 		case TOF_SCALE:
1850 			while (!optlen || optlen % 2 != 1) {
1851 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1852 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1853 			}
1854 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_WINDOW)
1855 				continue;
1856 			optlen += TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1857 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_WINDOW;
1858 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1859 			*optp++ = to->to_wscale;
1860 			break;
1861 		case TOF_SACKPERM:
1862 			while (optlen % 2) {
1863 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1864 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1865 			}
1866 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED)
1867 				continue;
1868 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1869 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK_PERMITTED;
1870 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1871 			break;
1872 		case TOF_TS:
1873 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1874 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1875 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1876 			}
1877 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP)
1878 				continue;
1879 			optlen += TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1880 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_TIMESTAMP;
1881 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1882 			to->to_tsval = htonl(to->to_tsval);
1883 			to->to_tsecr = htonl(to->to_tsecr);
1884 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsval, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsval));
1885 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsval);
1886 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsecr, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsecr));
1887 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsecr);
1888 			break;
1889 		case TOF_SIGNATURE:
1890 			{
1891 			int siglen = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE - 2;
1892 
1893 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1894 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1895 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1896 			}
1897 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE) {
1898 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_SIGNATURE;
1899 				continue;
1900 			}
1901 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1902 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SIGNATURE;
1903 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1904 			to->to_signature = optp;
1905 			while (siglen--)
1906 				 *optp++ = 0;
1907 			break;
1908 			}
1909 		case TOF_SACK:
1910 			{
1911 			int sackblks = 0;
1912 			struct sackblk *sack = (struct sackblk *)to->to_sacks;
1913 			tcp_seq sack_seq;
1914 
1915 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1916 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1917 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1918 			}
1919 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + TCPOLEN_SACK)
1920 				continue;
1921 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACKHDR;
1922 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK;
1923 			sackblks = min(to->to_nsacks,
1924 					(TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen) / TCPOLEN_SACK);
1925 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + sackblks * TCPOLEN_SACK;
1926 			while (sackblks--) {
1927 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->start);
1928 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1929 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1930 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->end);
1931 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1932 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1933 				optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK;
1934 				sack++;
1935 			}
1936 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_send_blocks);
1937 			break;
1938 			}
1939 		case TOF_FASTOPEN:
1940 			{
1941 			int total_len;
1942 
1943 			/* XXX is there any point to aligning this option? */
1944 			total_len = TCPOLEN_FAST_OPEN_EMPTY + to->to_tfo_len;
1945 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < total_len) {
1946 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_FASTOPEN;
1947 				continue;
1948 			}
1949 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_FAST_OPEN;
1950 			*optp++ = total_len;
1951 			if (to->to_tfo_len > 0) {
1952 				bcopy(to->to_tfo_cookie, optp, to->to_tfo_len);
1953 				optp += to->to_tfo_len;
1954 			}
1955 			optlen += total_len;
1956 			break;
1957 			}
1958 		default:
1959 			panic("%s: unknown TCP option type", __func__);
1960 			break;
1961 		}
1962 	}
1963 
1964 	/* Terminate and pad TCP options to a 4 byte boundary. */
1965 	if (optlen % 4) {
1966 		optlen += TCPOLEN_EOL;
1967 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
1968 	}
1969 	/*
1970 	 * According to RFC 793 (STD0007):
1971 	 *   "The content of the header beyond the End-of-Option option
1972 	 *    must be header padding (i.e., zero)."
1973 	 *   and later: "The padding is composed of zeros."
1974 	 */
1975 	while (optlen % 4) {
1976 		optlen += TCPOLEN_PAD;
1977 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_PAD;
1978 	}
1979 
1980 	KASSERT(optlen <= TCP_MAXOLEN, ("%s: TCP options too long", __func__));
1981 	return (optlen);
1982 }
1983 
1984 /*
1985  * This is a copy of m_copym(), taking the TSO segment size/limit
1986  * constraints into account, and advancing the sndptr as it goes.
1987  */
1988 struct mbuf *
1989 tcp_m_copym(struct mbuf *m, int32_t off0, int32_t *plen,
1990     int32_t seglimit, int32_t segsize, struct sockbuf *sb, bool hw_tls)
1991 {
1992 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1993 	struct ktls_session *tls, *ntls;
1994 	struct mbuf *start __diagused;
1995 #endif
1996 	struct mbuf *n, **np;
1997 	struct mbuf *top;
1998 	int32_t off = off0;
1999 	int32_t len = *plen;
2000 	int32_t fragsize;
2001 	int32_t len_cp = 0;
2002 	int32_t *pkthdrlen;
2003 	uint32_t mlen, frags;
2004 	bool copyhdr;
2005 
2006 	KASSERT(off >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative off %d", off));
2007 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative len %d", len));
2008 	if (off == 0 && m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
2009 		copyhdr = true;
2010 	else
2011 		copyhdr = false;
2012 	while (off > 0) {
2013 		KASSERT(m != NULL, ("tcp_m_copym, offset > size of mbuf chain"));
2014 		if (off < m->m_len)
2015 			break;
2016 		off -= m->m_len;
2017 		if ((sb) && (m == sb->sb_sndptr)) {
2018 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
2019 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
2020 		}
2021 		m = m->m_next;
2022 	}
2023 	np = &top;
2024 	top = NULL;
2025 	pkthdrlen = NULL;
2026 #ifdef KERN_TLS
2027 	if (hw_tls && (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG))
2028 		tls = m->m_epg_tls;
2029 	else
2030 		tls = NULL;
2031 	start = m;
2032 #endif
2033 	while (len > 0) {
2034 		if (m == NULL) {
2035 			KASSERT(len == M_COPYALL,
2036 			    ("tcp_m_copym, length > size of mbuf chain"));
2037 			*plen = len_cp;
2038 			if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2039 				*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2040 			break;
2041 		}
2042 #ifdef KERN_TLS
2043 		if (hw_tls) {
2044 			if (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG)
2045 				ntls = m->m_epg_tls;
2046 			else
2047 				ntls = NULL;
2048 
2049 			/*
2050 			 * Avoid mixing TLS records with handshake
2051 			 * data or TLS records from different
2052 			 * sessions.
2053 			 */
2054 			if (tls != ntls) {
2055 				MPASS(m != start);
2056 				*plen = len_cp;
2057 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2058 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2059 				break;
2060 			}
2061 		}
2062 #endif
2063 		mlen = min(len, m->m_len - off);
2064 		if (seglimit) {
2065 			/*
2066 			 * For M_EXTPG mbufs, add 3 segments
2067 			 * + 1 in case we are crossing page boundaries
2068 			 * + 2 in case the TLS hdr/trailer are used
2069 			 * It is cheaper to just add the segments
2070 			 * than it is to take the cache miss to look
2071 			 * at the mbuf ext_pgs state in detail.
2072 			 */
2073 			if (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG) {
2074 				fragsize = min(segsize, PAGE_SIZE);
2075 				frags = 3;
2076 			} else {
2077 				fragsize = segsize;
2078 				frags = 0;
2079 			}
2080 
2081 			/* Break if we really can't fit anymore. */
2082 			if ((frags + 1) >= seglimit) {
2083 				*plen =	len_cp;
2084 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2085 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2086 				break;
2087 			}
2088 
2089 			/*
2090 			 * Reduce size if you can't copy the whole
2091 			 * mbuf. If we can't copy the whole mbuf, also
2092 			 * adjust len so the loop will end after this
2093 			 * mbuf.
2094 			 */
2095 			if ((frags + howmany(mlen, fragsize)) >= seglimit) {
2096 				mlen = (seglimit - frags - 1) * fragsize;
2097 				len = mlen;
2098 				*plen = len_cp + len;
2099 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2100 					*pkthdrlen = *plen;
2101 			}
2102 			frags += howmany(mlen, fragsize);
2103 			if (frags == 0)
2104 				frags++;
2105 			seglimit -= frags;
2106 			KASSERT(seglimit > 0,
2107 			    ("%s: seglimit went too low", __func__));
2108 		}
2109 		if (copyhdr)
2110 			n = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
2111 		else
2112 			n = m_get(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
2113 		*np = n;
2114 		if (n == NULL)
2115 			goto nospace;
2116 		if (copyhdr) {
2117 			if (!m_dup_pkthdr(n, m, M_NOWAIT))
2118 				goto nospace;
2119 			if (len == M_COPYALL)
2120 				n->m_pkthdr.len -= off0;
2121 			else
2122 				n->m_pkthdr.len = len;
2123 			pkthdrlen = &n->m_pkthdr.len;
2124 			copyhdr = false;
2125 		}
2126 		n->m_len = mlen;
2127 		len_cp += n->m_len;
2128 		if (m->m_flags & (M_EXT|M_EXTPG)) {
2129 			n->m_data = m->m_data + off;
2130 			mb_dupcl(n, m);
2131 		} else
2132 			bcopy(mtod(m, caddr_t)+off, mtod(n, caddr_t),
2133 			    (u_int)n->m_len);
2134 
2135 		if (sb && (sb->sb_sndptr == m) &&
2136 		    ((n->m_len + off) >= m->m_len) && m->m_next) {
2137 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
2138 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
2139 		}
2140 		off = 0;
2141 		if (len != M_COPYALL) {
2142 			len -= n->m_len;
2143 		}
2144 		m = m->m_next;
2145 		np = &n->m_next;
2146 	}
2147 	return (top);
2148 nospace:
2149 	m_freem(top);
2150 	return (NULL);
2151 }
2152 
2153 void
2154 tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(struct tcpcb *tp, struct socket *so, uint32_t sendwin)
2155 {
2156 
2157 	/*
2158 	 * Automatic sizing of send socket buffer.  Often the send buffer
2159 	 * size is not optimally adjusted to the actual network conditions
2160 	 * at hand (delay bandwidth product).  Setting the buffer size too
2161 	 * small limits throughput on links with high bandwidth and high
2162 	 * delay (eg. trans-continental/oceanic links).  Setting the
2163 	 * buffer size too big consumes too much real kernel memory,
2164 	 * especially with many connections on busy servers.
2165 	 *
2166 	 * The criteria to step up the send buffer one notch are:
2167 	 *  1. receive window of remote host is larger than send buffer
2168 	 *     (with a fudge factor of 5/4th);
2169 	 *  2. send buffer is filled to 7/8th with data (so we actually
2170 	 *     have data to make use of it);
2171 	 *  3. send buffer fill has not hit maximal automatic size;
2172 	 *  4. our send window (slow start and cogestion controlled) is
2173 	 *     larger than sent but unacknowledged data in send buffer.
2174 	 *
2175 	 * The remote host receive window scaling factor may limit the
2176 	 * growing of the send buffer before it reaches its allowed
2177 	 * maximum.
2178 	 *
2179 	 * It scales directly with slow start or congestion window
2180 	 * and does at most one step per received ACK.  This fast
2181 	 * scaling has the drawback of growing the send buffer beyond
2182 	 * what is strictly necessary to make full use of a given
2183 	 * delay*bandwidth product.  However testing has shown this not
2184 	 * to be much of an problem.  At worst we are trading wasting
2185 	 * of available bandwidth (the non-use of it) for wasting some
2186 	 * socket buffer memory.
2187 	 *
2188 	 * TODO: Shrink send buffer during idle periods together
2189 	 * with congestion window.  Requires another timer.  Has to
2190 	 * wait for upcoming tcp timer rewrite.
2191 	 *
2192 	 * XXXGL: should there be used sbused() or sbavail()?
2193 	 */
2194 	if (V_tcp_do_autosndbuf && so->so_snd.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE) {
2195 		int lowat;
2196 
2197 		lowat = V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat ? so->so_snd.sb_lowat : 0;
2198 		if ((tp->snd_wnd / 4 * 5) >= so->so_snd.sb_hiwat - lowat &&
2199 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) >=
2200 		    (so->so_snd.sb_hiwat / 8 * 7) - lowat &&
2201 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) < V_tcp_autosndbuf_max &&
2202 		    sendwin >= (sbused(&so->so_snd) -
2203 		    (tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una))) {
2204 			if (!sbreserve_locked(so, SO_SND,
2205 			    min(so->so_snd.sb_hiwat + V_tcp_autosndbuf_inc,
2206 			     V_tcp_autosndbuf_max), curthread))
2207 				so->so_snd.sb_flags &= ~SB_AUTOSIZE;
2208 		}
2209 	}
2210 }
2211