xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision 48c779cdecb5f803e5fe5d761987e976ca9609db)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  *	@(#)tcp_output.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
36 
37 #include "opt_inet.h"
38 #include "opt_inet6.h"
39 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
40 #include "opt_kern_tls.h"
41 #include "opt_tcpdebug.h"
42 
43 #include <sys/param.h>
44 #include <sys/systm.h>
45 #include <sys/domain.h>
46 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
47 #include <sys/hhook.h>
48 #endif
49 #include <sys/kernel.h>
50 #ifdef KERN_TLS
51 #include <sys/ktls.h>
52 #endif
53 #include <sys/lock.h>
54 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
55 #include <sys/mutex.h>
56 #include <sys/protosw.h>
57 #include <sys/sdt.h>
58 #include <sys/socket.h>
59 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
60 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
61 
62 #include <net/if.h>
63 #include <net/route.h>
64 #include <net/vnet.h>
65 
66 #include <netinet/in.h>
67 #include <netinet/in_kdtrace.h>
68 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
69 #include <netinet/ip.h>
70 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
71 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
72 #include <netinet/ip_options.h>
73 #ifdef INET6
74 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
75 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
76 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
77 #endif
78 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
79 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
80 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
81 #include <netinet/tcp_log_buf.h>
82 #include <netinet/tcp_seq.h>
83 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
84 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
85 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
86 #include <netinet/cc/cc.h>
87 #include <netinet/tcp_fastopen.h>
88 #ifdef TCPPCAP
89 #include <netinet/tcp_pcap.h>
90 #endif
91 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
92 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h>
93 #endif
94 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
95 #include <netinet/tcp_offload.h>
96 #endif
97 
98 #include <netipsec/ipsec_support.h>
99 
100 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
101 
102 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
103 
104 VNET_DEFINE(int, path_mtu_discovery) = 1;
105 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, path_mtu_discovery, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
106 	&VNET_NAME(path_mtu_discovery), 1,
107 	"Enable Path MTU Discovery");
108 
109 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_tso) = 1;
110 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, tso, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
111 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_tso), 0,
112 	"Enable TCP Segmentation Offload");
113 
114 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendspace) = 1024*32;
115 #define	V_tcp_sendspace	VNET(tcp_sendspace)
116 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_SENDSPACE, sendspace, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
117 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendspace), 0, "Initial send socket buffer size");
118 
119 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_autosndbuf) = 1;
120 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
121 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_autosndbuf), 0,
122 	"Enable automatic send buffer sizing");
123 
124 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_inc) = 8*1024;
125 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_inc, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
126 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_inc), 0,
127 	"Incrementor step size of automatic send buffer");
128 
129 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_max) = 2*1024*1024;
130 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_max, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
131 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_max), 0,
132 	"Max size of automatic send buffer");
133 
134 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat) = 0;
135 #define	V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat	VNET(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat)
136 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto_lowat, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
137 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat), 0,
138 	"Modify threshold for auto send buffer growth to account for SO_SNDLOWAT");
139 
140 /*
141  * Make sure that either retransmit or persist timer is set for SYN, FIN and
142  * non-ACK.
143  */
144 #define TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, th_flags)			\
145 	KASSERT(((len) == 0 && ((th_flags) & (TH_SYN | TH_FIN)) == 0) ||\
146 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_REXMT) ||				\
147 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_PERSIST),				\
148 	    ("neither rexmt nor persist timer is set"))
149 
150 static void inline	cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp);
151 
152 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
153 /*
154  * Wrapper for the TCP established output helper hook.
155  */
156 void
157 hhook_run_tcp_est_out(struct tcpcb *tp, struct tcphdr *th,
158     struct tcpopt *to, uint32_t len, int tso)
159 {
160 	struct tcp_hhook_data hhook_data;
161 
162 	if (V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT]->hhh_nhooks > 0) {
163 		hhook_data.tp = tp;
164 		hhook_data.th = th;
165 		hhook_data.to = to;
166 		hhook_data.len = len;
167 		hhook_data.tso = tso;
168 
169 		hhook_run_hooks(V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT], &hhook_data,
170 		    tp->osd);
171 	}
172 }
173 #endif
174 
175 /*
176  * CC wrapper hook functions
177  */
178 static void inline
179 cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp)
180 {
181 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tp->t_inpcb);
182 
183 	if (CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle != NULL)
184 		CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle(tp->ccv);
185 }
186 
187 /*
188  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
189  */
190 int
191 tcp_output(struct tcpcb *tp)
192 {
193 	struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket;
194 	int32_t len;
195 	uint32_t recwin, sendwin;
196 	int off, flags, error = 0;	/* Keep compiler happy */
197 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = 0;
198 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = 0;
199 	struct mbuf *m;
200 	struct ip *ip = NULL;
201 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
202 	struct ipovly *ipov = NULL;
203 #endif
204 	struct tcphdr *th;
205 	u_char opt[TCP_MAXOLEN];
206 	unsigned ipoptlen, optlen, hdrlen;
207 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
208 	unsigned ipsec_optlen = 0;
209 #endif
210 	int idle, sendalot, curticks;
211 	int sack_rxmit, sack_bytes_rxmt;
212 	struct sackhole *p;
213 	int tso, mtu;
214 	struct tcpopt to;
215 	unsigned int wanted_cookie = 0;
216 	unsigned int dont_sendalot = 0;
217 #if 0
218 	int maxburst = TCP_MAXBURST;
219 #endif
220 #ifdef INET6
221 	struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = NULL;
222 	int isipv6;
223 
224 	isipv6 = (tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0;
225 #endif
226 #ifdef KERN_TLS
227 	const bool hw_tls = (so->so_snd.sb_flags & SB_TLS_IFNET) != 0;
228 #else
229 	const bool hw_tls = false;
230 #endif
231 
232 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tp->t_inpcb);
233 
234 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
235 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_TOE)
236 		return (tcp_offload_output(tp));
237 #endif
238 
239 	/*
240 	 * For TFO connections in SYN_SENT or SYN_RECEIVED,
241 	 * only allow the initial SYN or SYN|ACK and those sent
242 	 * by the retransmit timer.
243 	 */
244 	if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
245 	    ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) ||
246 	     (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)) &&
247 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) && /* initial SYN or SYN|ACK sent */
248 	    (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))       /* not a retransmit */
249 		return (0);
250 
251 	/*
252 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
253 	 * and flags that will be used.
254 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
255 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
256 	 */
257 	idle = (tp->t_flags & TF_LASTIDLE) || (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
258 	if (idle && ticks - tp->t_rcvtime >= tp->t_rxtcur)
259 		cc_after_idle(tp);
260 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_LASTIDLE;
261 	if (idle) {
262 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) {
263 			tp->t_flags |= TF_LASTIDLE;
264 			idle = 0;
265 		}
266 	}
267 again:
268 	/*
269 	 * If we've recently taken a timeout, snd_max will be greater than
270 	 * snd_nxt.  There may be SACK information that allows us to avoid
271 	 * resending already delivered data.  Adjust snd_nxt accordingly.
272 	 */
273 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
274 	    SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
275 		tcp_sack_adjust(tp);
276 	sendalot = 0;
277 	tso = 0;
278 	mtu = 0;
279 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
280 	sendwin = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
281 
282 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
283 	/*
284 	 * Send any SACK-generated retransmissions.  If we're explicitly trying
285 	 * to send out new data (when sendalot is 1), bypass this function.
286 	 * If we retransmit in fast recovery mode, decrement snd_cwnd, since
287 	 * we're replacing a (future) new transmission with a retransmission
288 	 * now, and we previously incremented snd_cwnd in tcp_input().
289 	 */
290 	/*
291 	 * Still in sack recovery , reset rxmit flag to zero.
292 	 */
293 	sack_rxmit = 0;
294 	sack_bytes_rxmt = 0;
295 	len = 0;
296 	p = NULL;
297 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) && IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp->t_flags) &&
298 	    (p = tcp_sack_output(tp, &sack_bytes_rxmt))) {
299 		uint32_t cwin;
300 
301 		cwin =
302 		    imax(min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) - sack_bytes_rxmt, 0);
303 		/* Do not retransmit SACK segments beyond snd_recover */
304 		if (SEQ_GT(p->end, tp->snd_recover)) {
305 			/*
306 			 * (At least) part of sack hole extends beyond
307 			 * snd_recover. Check to see if we can rexmit data
308 			 * for this hole.
309 			 */
310 			if (SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, tp->snd_recover)) {
311 				/*
312 				 * Can't rexmit any more data for this hole.
313 				 * That data will be rexmitted in the next
314 				 * sack recovery episode, when snd_recover
315 				 * moves past p->rxmit.
316 				 */
317 				p = NULL;
318 				goto after_sack_rexmit;
319 			} else
320 				/* Can rexmit part of the current hole */
321 				len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin,
322 						   tp->snd_recover - p->rxmit));
323 		} else
324 			len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin, p->end - p->rxmit));
325 		off = p->rxmit - tp->snd_una;
326 		KASSERT(off >= 0,("%s: sack block to the left of una : %d",
327 		    __func__, off));
328 		if (len > 0) {
329 			sack_rxmit = 1;
330 			sendalot = 1;
331 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_rexmits);
332 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sack_rexmit_bytes,
333 			    min(len, tp->t_maxseg));
334 		}
335 	}
336 after_sack_rexmit:
337 	/*
338 	 * Get standard flags, and add SYN or FIN if requested by 'hidden'
339 	 * state flags.
340 	 */
341 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
342 		flags |= TH_FIN;
343 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN)
344 		flags |= TH_SYN;
345 
346 	SOCKBUF_LOCK(&so->so_snd);
347 	/*
348 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
349 	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
350 	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
351 	 * and go to transmit state.
352 	 */
353 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) {
354 		if (sendwin == 0) {
355 			/*
356 			 * If we still have some data to send, then
357 			 * clear the FIN bit.  Usually this would
358 			 * happen below when it realizes that we
359 			 * aren't sending all the data.  However,
360 			 * if we have exactly 1 byte of unsent data,
361 			 * then it won't clear the FIN bit below,
362 			 * and if we are in persist state, we wind
363 			 * up sending the packet without recording
364 			 * that we sent the FIN bit.
365 			 *
366 			 * We can't just blindly clear the FIN bit,
367 			 * because if we don't have any more data
368 			 * to send then the probe will be the FIN
369 			 * itself.
370 			 */
371 			if (off < sbused(&so->so_snd))
372 				flags &= ~TH_FIN;
373 			sendwin = 1;
374 		} else {
375 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
376 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
377 		}
378 	}
379 
380 	/*
381 	 * If snd_nxt == snd_max and we have transmitted a FIN, the
382 	 * offset will be > 0 even if so_snd.sb_cc is 0, resulting in
383 	 * a negative length.  This can also occur when TCP opens up
384 	 * its congestion window while receiving additional duplicate
385 	 * acks after fast-retransmit because TCP will reset snd_nxt
386 	 * to snd_max after the fast-retransmit.
387 	 *
388 	 * In the normal retransmit-FIN-only case, however, snd_nxt will
389 	 * be set to snd_una, the offset will be 0, and the length may
390 	 * wind up 0.
391 	 *
392 	 * If sack_rxmit is true we are retransmitting from the scoreboard
393 	 * in which case len is already set.
394 	 */
395 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
396 		if (sack_bytes_rxmt == 0)
397 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), sendwin) -
398 			    off);
399 		else {
400 			int32_t cwin;
401 
402                         /*
403 			 * We are inside of a SACK recovery episode and are
404 			 * sending new data, having retransmitted all the
405 			 * data possible in the scoreboard.
406 			 */
407 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), tp->snd_wnd) -
408 			    off);
409 			/*
410 			 * Don't remove this (len > 0) check !
411 			 * We explicitly check for len > 0 here (although it
412 			 * isn't really necessary), to work around a gcc
413 			 * optimization issue - to force gcc to compute
414 			 * len above. Without this check, the computation
415 			 * of len is bungled by the optimizer.
416 			 */
417 			if (len > 0) {
418 				cwin = tp->snd_cwnd -
419 					(tp->snd_nxt - tp->sack_newdata) -
420 					sack_bytes_rxmt;
421 				if (cwin < 0)
422 					cwin = 0;
423 				len = imin(len, cwin);
424 			}
425 		}
426 	}
427 
428 	/*
429 	 * Lop off SYN bit if it has already been sent.  However, if this
430 	 * is SYN-SENT state and if segment contains data and if we don't
431 	 * know that foreign host supports TAO, suppress sending segment.
432 	 */
433 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_una)) {
434 		if (tp->t_state != TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)
435 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
436 		/*
437 		 * When sending additional segments following a TFO SYN|ACK,
438 		 * do not include the SYN bit.
439 		 */
440 		if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
441 		    (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED))
442 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
443 		off--, len++;
444 	}
445 
446 	/*
447 	 * Be careful not to send data and/or FIN on SYN segments.
448 	 * This measure is needed to prevent interoperability problems
449 	 * with not fully conformant TCP implementations.
450 	 */
451 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT)) {
452 		len = 0;
453 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
454 	}
455 
456 	/*
457 	 * On TFO sockets, ensure no data is sent in the following cases:
458 	 *
459 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN|ACK on a passively-created socket
460 	 *
461 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN on an actively created socket
462 	 *
463 	 *  - When sending a zero-length cookie (cookie request) on an
464 	 *    actively created socket
465 	 *
466 	 *  - When the socket is in the CLOSED state (RST is being sent)
467 	 */
468 	if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
469 	    (((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_rxtshift > 0)) ||
470 	     ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) &&
471 	      (tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len == 0)) ||
472 	     (flags & TH_RST)))
473 		len = 0;
474 	if (len <= 0) {
475 		/*
476 		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
477 		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
478 		 * len will be < 0.  Otherwise, window shrank
479 		 * after we sent into it.  If window shrank to 0,
480 		 * cancel pending retransmit, pull snd_nxt back
481 		 * to (closed) window, and set the persist timer
482 		 * if it isn't already going.  If the window didn't
483 		 * close completely, just wait for an ACK.
484 		 *
485 		 * We also do a general check here to ensure that
486 		 * we will set the persist timer when we have data
487 		 * to send, but a 0-byte window. This makes sure
488 		 * the persist timer is set even if the packet
489 		 * hits one of the "goto send" lines below.
490 		 */
491 		len = 0;
492 		if ((sendwin == 0) && (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state)) &&
493 			(off < (int) sbavail(&so->so_snd))) {
494 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, 0);
495 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
496 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
497 			if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
498 				tcp_setpersist(tp);
499 		}
500 	}
501 
502 	/* len will be >= 0 after this point. */
503 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
504 
505 	tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(tp, so, sendwin);
506 
507 	/*
508 	 * Decide if we can use TCP Segmentation Offloading (if supported by
509 	 * hardware).
510 	 *
511 	 * TSO may only be used if we are in a pure bulk sending state.  The
512 	 * presence of TCP-MD5, SACK retransmits, SACK advertizements and
513 	 * IP options prevent using TSO.  With TSO the TCP header is the same
514 	 * (except for the sequence number) for all generated packets.  This
515 	 * makes it impossible to transmit any options which vary per generated
516 	 * segment or packet.
517 	 *
518 	 * IPv4 handling has a clear separation of ip options and ip header
519 	 * flags while IPv6 combines both in in6p_outputopts. ip6_optlen() does
520 	 * the right thing below to provide length of just ip options and thus
521 	 * checking for ipoptlen is enough to decide if ip options are present.
522 	 */
523 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
524 	/*
525 	 * Pre-calculate here as we save another lookup into the darknesses
526 	 * of IPsec that way and can actually decide if TSO is ok.
527 	 */
528 #ifdef INET6
529 	if (isipv6 && IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv6))
530 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv6, tp->t_inpcb);
531 #ifdef INET
532 	else
533 #endif
534 #endif /* INET6 */
535 #ifdef INET
536 	if (IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv4))
537 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv4, tp->t_inpcb);
538 #endif /* INET */
539 #endif /* IPSEC */
540 #ifdef INET6
541 	if (isipv6)
542 		ipoptlen = ip6_optlen(tp->t_inpcb);
543 	else
544 #endif
545 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_options)
546 		ipoptlen = tp->t_inpcb->inp_options->m_len -
547 				offsetof(struct ipoption, ipopt_list);
548 	else
549 		ipoptlen = 0;
550 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
551 	ipoptlen += ipsec_optlen;
552 #endif
553 
554 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_TSO) && V_tcp_do_tso && len > tp->t_maxseg &&
555 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) == 0) &&
556 	    tp->rcv_numsacks == 0 && sack_rxmit == 0 &&
557 	    ipoptlen == 0 && !(flags & TH_SYN))
558 		tso = 1;
559 
560 	if (sack_rxmit) {
561 		if (SEQ_LT(p->rxmit + len, tp->snd_una + sbused(&so->so_snd)))
562 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
563 	} else {
564 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una +
565 		    sbused(&so->so_snd)))
566 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
567 	}
568 
569 	recwin = lmin(lmax(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), 0),
570 	    (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale);
571 
572 	/*
573 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.   We transmit under the following
574 	 * conditions when len is non-zero:
575 	 *
576 	 *	- We have a full segment (or more with TSO)
577 	 *	- This is the last buffer in a write()/send() and we are
578 	 *	  either idle or running NODELAY
579 	 *	- we've timed out (e.g. persist timer)
580 	 *	- we have more then 1/2 the maximum send window's worth of
581 	 *	  data (receiver may be limited the window size)
582 	 *	- we need to retransmit
583 	 */
584 	if (len) {
585 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
586 			goto send;
587 		/*
588 		 * NOTE! on localhost connections an 'ack' from the remote
589 		 * end may occur synchronously with the output and cause
590 		 * us to flush a buffer queued with moretocome.  XXX
591 		 *
592 		 * note: the len + off check is almost certainly unnecessary.
593 		 */
594 		if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) &&	/* normal case */
595 		    (idle || (tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY)) &&
596 		    (uint32_t)len + (uint32_t)off >= sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
597 		    (tp->t_flags & TF_NOPUSH) == 0) {
598 			goto send;
599 		}
600 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)		/* typ. timeout case */
601 			goto send;
602 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2 && tp->max_sndwnd > 0)
603 			goto send;
604 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))	/* retransmit case */
605 			goto send;
606 		if (sack_rxmit)
607 			goto send;
608 	}
609 
610 	/*
611 	 * Sending of standalone window updates.
612 	 *
613 	 * Window updates are important when we close our window due to a
614 	 * full socket buffer and are opening it again after the application
615 	 * reads data from it.  Once the window has opened again and the
616 	 * remote end starts to send again the ACK clock takes over and
617 	 * provides the most current window information.
618 	 *
619 	 * We must avoid the silly window syndrome whereas every read
620 	 * from the receive buffer, no matter how small, causes a window
621 	 * update to be sent.  We also should avoid sending a flurry of
622 	 * window updates when the socket buffer had queued a lot of data
623 	 * and the application is doing small reads.
624 	 *
625 	 * Prevent a flurry of pointless window updates by only sending
626 	 * an update when we can increase the advertized window by more
627 	 * than 1/4th of the socket buffer capacity.  When the buffer is
628 	 * getting full or is very small be more aggressive and send an
629 	 * update whenever we can increase by two mss sized segments.
630 	 * In all other situations the ACK's to new incoming data will
631 	 * carry further window increases.
632 	 *
633 	 * Don't send an independent window update if a delayed
634 	 * ACK is pending (it will get piggy-backed on it) or the
635 	 * remote side already has done a half-close and won't send
636 	 * more data.  Skip this if the connection is in T/TCP
637 	 * half-open state.
638 	 */
639 	if (recwin > 0 && !(tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) &&
640 	    !(tp->t_flags & TF_DELACK) &&
641 	    !TCPS_HAVERCVDFIN(tp->t_state)) {
642 		/*
643 		 * "adv" is the amount we could increase the window,
644 		 * taking into account that we are limited by
645 		 * TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale.
646 		 */
647 		int32_t adv;
648 		int oldwin;
649 
650 		adv = recwin;
651 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt)) {
652 			oldwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
653 			adv -= oldwin;
654 		} else
655 			oldwin = 0;
656 
657 		/*
658 		 * If the new window size ends up being the same as or less
659 		 * than the old size when it is scaled, then don't force
660 		 * a window update.
661 		 */
662 		if (oldwin >> tp->rcv_scale >= (adv + oldwin) >> tp->rcv_scale)
663 			goto dontupdate;
664 
665 		if (adv >= (int32_t)(2 * tp->t_maxseg) &&
666 		    (adv >= (int32_t)(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) ||
667 		     recwin <= (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 8) ||
668 		     so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat <= 8 * tp->t_maxseg ||
669 		     adv >= TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale))
670 			goto send;
671 		if (2 * adv >= (int32_t)so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat)
672 			goto send;
673 	}
674 dontupdate:
675 
676 	/*
677 	 * Send if we owe the peer an ACK, RST, SYN, or urgent data.  ACKNOW
678 	 * is also a catch-all for the retransmit timer timeout case.
679 	 */
680 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
681 		goto send;
682 	if ((flags & TH_RST) ||
683 	    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) == 0))
684 		goto send;
685 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
686 		goto send;
687 	/*
688 	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
689 	 * and we have not yet done so, then we need to send.
690 	 */
691 	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
692 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
693 		goto send;
694 	/*
695 	 * In SACK, it is possible for tcp_output to fail to send a segment
696 	 * after the retransmission timer has been turned off.  Make sure
697 	 * that the retransmission timer is set.
698 	 */
699 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
700 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) &&
701 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
702 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
703 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, tp->t_rxtcur);
704 		goto just_return;
705 	}
706 	/*
707 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
708 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
709 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
710 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
711 	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
712 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
713 	 *
714 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)
715 	 *	is true when we are in persist state.
716 	 * (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)
717 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
718 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT)
719 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
720 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
721 	 *
722 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
723 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
724 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
725 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
726 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
727 	 */
728 	if (sbavail(&so->so_snd) && !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
729 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
730 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
731 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
732 	}
733 
734 	/*
735 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
736 	 */
737 just_return:
738 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
739 	return (0);
740 
741 send:
742 	SOCKBUF_LOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
743 	if (len > 0) {
744 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
745 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
746 		else
747 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
748 	}
749 	/*
750 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
751 	 * unless TCP set not to do any options.
752 	 * NOTE: we assume that the IP/TCP header plus TCP options
753 	 * always fit in a single mbuf, leaving room for a maximum
754 	 * link header, i.e.
755 	 *	max_linkhdr + sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen <= MCLBYTES
756 	 */
757 	optlen = 0;
758 #ifdef INET6
759 	if (isipv6)
760 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr) + sizeof (struct tcphdr);
761 	else
762 #endif
763 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
764 
765 	/*
766 	 * Compute options for segment.
767 	 * We only have to care about SYN and established connection
768 	 * segments.  Options for SYN-ACK segments are handled in TCP
769 	 * syncache.
770 	 */
771 	to.to_flags = 0;
772 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
773 		/* Maximum segment size. */
774 		if (flags & TH_SYN) {
775 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->iss;
776 			to.to_mss = tcp_mssopt(&tp->t_inpcb->inp_inc);
777 			to.to_flags |= TOF_MSS;
778 
779 			/*
780 			 * On SYN or SYN|ACK transmits on TFO connections,
781 			 * only include the TFO option if it is not a
782 			 * retransmit, as the presence of the TFO option may
783 			 * have caused the original SYN or SYN|ACK to have
784 			 * been dropped by a middlebox.
785 			 */
786 			if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
787 			    (tp->t_rxtshift == 0)) {
788 				if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED) {
789 					to.to_tfo_len = TCP_FASTOPEN_COOKIE_LEN;
790 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
791 					    (u_int8_t *)&tp->t_tfo_cookie.server;
792 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
793 					wanted_cookie = 1;
794 				} else if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) {
795 					to.to_tfo_len =
796 					    tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len;
797 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
798 					    tp->t_tfo_cookie.client;
799 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
800 					wanted_cookie = 1;
801 					/*
802 					 * If we wind up having more data to
803 					 * send with the SYN than can fit in
804 					 * one segment, don't send any more
805 					 * until the SYN|ACK comes back from
806 					 * the other end.
807 					 */
808 					dont_sendalot = 1;
809 				}
810 			}
811 		}
812 		/* Window scaling. */
813 		if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_SCALE)) {
814 			to.to_wscale = tp->request_r_scale;
815 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SCALE;
816 		}
817 		/* Timestamps. */
818 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ||
819 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_TSTMP))) {
820 			curticks = tcp_ts_getticks();
821 			to.to_tsval = curticks + tp->ts_offset;
822 			to.to_tsecr = tp->ts_recent;
823 			to.to_flags |= TOF_TS;
824 			if (tp->t_rxtshift == 1)
825 				tp->t_badrxtwin = curticks;
826 		}
827 
828 		/* Set receive buffer autosizing timestamp. */
829 		if (tp->rfbuf_ts == 0 &&
830 		    (so->so_rcv.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE))
831 			tp->rfbuf_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
832 
833 		/* Selective ACK's. */
834 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) {
835 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
836 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACKPERM;
837 			else if (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
838 			    (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
839 			    tp->rcv_numsacks > 0) {
840 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACK;
841 				to.to_nsacks = tp->rcv_numsacks;
842 				to.to_sacks = (u_char *)tp->sackblks;
843 			}
844 		}
845 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
846 		/* TCP-MD5 (RFC2385). */
847 		/*
848 		 * Check that TCP_MD5SIG is enabled in tcpcb to
849 		 * account the size needed to set this TCP option.
850 		 */
851 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE)
852 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SIGNATURE;
853 #endif /* TCP_SIGNATURE */
854 
855 		/* Processing the options. */
856 		hdrlen += optlen = tcp_addoptions(&to, opt);
857 		/*
858 		 * If we wanted a TFO option to be added, but it was unable
859 		 * to fit, ensure no data is sent.
860 		 */
861 		if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) && wanted_cookie &&
862 		    !(to.to_flags & TOF_FASTOPEN))
863 			len = 0;
864 	}
865 
866 	/*
867 	 * Adjust data length if insertion of options will
868 	 * bump the packet length beyond the t_maxseg length.
869 	 * Clear the FIN bit because we cut off the tail of
870 	 * the segment.
871 	 */
872 	if (len + optlen + ipoptlen > tp->t_maxseg) {
873 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
874 
875 		if (tso) {
876 			u_int if_hw_tsomax;
877 			u_int moff;
878 			int max_len;
879 
880 			/* extract TSO information */
881 			if_hw_tsomax = tp->t_tsomax;
882 			if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = tp->t_tsomaxsegcount;
883 			if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = tp->t_tsomaxsegsize;
884 
885 			/*
886 			 * Limit a TSO burst to prevent it from
887 			 * overflowing or exceeding the maximum length
888 			 * allowed by the network interface:
889 			 */
890 			KASSERT(ipoptlen == 0,
891 			    ("%s: TSO can't do IP options", __func__));
892 
893 			/*
894 			 * Check if we should limit by maximum payload
895 			 * length:
896 			 */
897 			if (if_hw_tsomax != 0) {
898 				/* compute maximum TSO length */
899 				max_len = (if_hw_tsomax - hdrlen -
900 				    max_linkhdr);
901 				if (max_len <= 0) {
902 					len = 0;
903 				} else if (len > max_len) {
904 					sendalot = 1;
905 					len = max_len;
906 				}
907 			}
908 
909 			/*
910 			 * Prevent the last segment from being
911 			 * fractional unless the send sockbuf can be
912 			 * emptied:
913 			 */
914 			max_len = (tp->t_maxseg - optlen);
915 			if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len) <
916 			    sbavail(&so->so_snd)) {
917 				moff = len % max_len;
918 				if (moff != 0) {
919 					len -= moff;
920 					sendalot = 1;
921 				}
922 			}
923 
924 			/*
925 			 * In case there are too many small fragments
926 			 * don't use TSO:
927 			 */
928 			if (len <= max_len) {
929 				len = max_len;
930 				sendalot = 1;
931 				tso = 0;
932 			}
933 
934 			/*
935 			 * Send the FIN in a separate segment
936 			 * after the bulk sending is done.
937 			 * We don't trust the TSO implementations
938 			 * to clear the FIN flag on all but the
939 			 * last segment.
940 			 */
941 			if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
942 				sendalot = 1;
943 		} else {
944 			if (optlen + ipoptlen >= tp->t_maxseg) {
945 				/*
946 				 * Since we don't have enough space to put
947 				 * the IP header chain and the TCP header in
948 				 * one packet as required by RFC 7112, don't
949 				 * send it. Also ensure that at least one
950 				 * byte of the payload can be put into the
951 				 * TCP segment.
952 				 */
953 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
954 				error = EMSGSIZE;
955 				sack_rxmit = 0;
956 				goto out;
957 			}
958 			len = tp->t_maxseg - optlen - ipoptlen;
959 			sendalot = 1;
960 			if (dont_sendalot)
961 				sendalot = 0;
962 		}
963 	} else
964 		tso = 0;
965 
966 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen + ipoptlen <= IP_MAXPACKET,
967 	    ("%s: len > IP_MAXPACKET", __func__));
968 
969 /*#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC*/
970 #ifdef INET6
971 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MCLBYTES)
972 #else
973 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MHLEN)
974 #endif
975 		panic("tcphdr too big");
976 /*#endif*/
977 
978 	/*
979 	 * This KASSERT is here to catch edge cases at a well defined place.
980 	 * Before, those had triggered (random) panic conditions further down.
981 	 */
982 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
983 
984 	/*
985 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
986 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
987 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
988 	 */
989 	if (len) {
990 		struct mbuf *mb;
991 		struct sockbuf *msb;
992 		u_int moff;
993 
994 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) && len == 1)
995 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndprobe);
996 		else if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max) || sack_rxmit) {
997 			tp->t_sndrexmitpack++;
998 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndrexmitpack);
999 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndrexmitbyte, len);
1000 		} else {
1001 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndpack);
1002 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndbyte, len);
1003 		}
1004 #ifdef INET6
1005 		if (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr)
1006 			m = m_getcl(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA, M_PKTHDR);
1007 		else
1008 #endif
1009 			m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1010 
1011 		if (m == NULL) {
1012 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1013 			error = ENOBUFS;
1014 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1015 			goto out;
1016 		}
1017 
1018 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1019 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1020 
1021 		/*
1022 		 * Start the m_copy functions from the closest mbuf
1023 		 * to the offset in the socket buffer chain.
1024 		 */
1025 		mb = sbsndptr_noadv(&so->so_snd, off, &moff);
1026 		if (len <= MHLEN - hdrlen - max_linkhdr && !hw_tls) {
1027 			m_copydata(mb, moff, len,
1028 			    mtod(m, caddr_t) + hdrlen);
1029 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1030 				sbsndptr_adv(&so->so_snd, mb, len);
1031 			m->m_len += len;
1032 		} else {
1033 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1034 				msb = NULL;
1035 			else
1036 				msb = &so->so_snd;
1037 			m->m_next = tcp_m_copym(mb, moff,
1038 			    &len, if_hw_tsomaxsegcount,
1039 			    if_hw_tsomaxsegsize, msb, hw_tls);
1040 			if (len <= (tp->t_maxseg - optlen)) {
1041 				/*
1042 				 * Must have ran out of mbufs for the copy
1043 				 * shorten it to no longer need tso. Lets
1044 				 * not put on sendalot since we are low on
1045 				 * mbufs.
1046 				 */
1047 				tso = 0;
1048 			}
1049 			if (m->m_next == NULL) {
1050 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1051 				(void) m_free(m);
1052 				error = ENOBUFS;
1053 				sack_rxmit = 0;
1054 				goto out;
1055 			}
1056 		}
1057 
1058 		/*
1059 		 * If we're sending everything we've got, set PUSH.
1060 		 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
1061 		 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or
1062 		 * a PUSH comes in.)
1063 		 */
1064 		if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len == sbused(&so->so_snd)) &&
1065 		    !(flags & TH_SYN))
1066 			flags |= TH_PUSH;
1067 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1068 	} else {
1069 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1070 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
1071 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndacks);
1072 		else if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN|TH_RST))
1073 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndctrl);
1074 		else if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
1075 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndurg);
1076 		else
1077 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndwinup);
1078 
1079 		m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1080 		if (m == NULL) {
1081 			error = ENOBUFS;
1082 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1083 			goto out;
1084 		}
1085 #ifdef INET6
1086 		if (isipv6 && (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr) &&
1087 		    MHLEN >= hdrlen) {
1088 			M_ALIGN(m, hdrlen);
1089 		} else
1090 #endif
1091 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1092 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1093 	}
1094 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
1095 	m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = (struct ifnet *)0;
1096 #ifdef MAC
1097 	mac_inpcb_create_mbuf(tp->t_inpcb, m);
1098 #endif
1099 #ifdef INET6
1100 	if (isipv6) {
1101 		ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
1102 		th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip6 + 1);
1103 		tcpip_fillheaders(tp->t_inpcb, ip6, th);
1104 	} else
1105 #endif /* INET6 */
1106 	{
1107 		ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
1108 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
1109 		ipov = (struct ipovly *)ip;
1110 #endif
1111 		th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip + 1);
1112 		tcpip_fillheaders(tp->t_inpcb, ip, th);
1113 	}
1114 
1115 	/*
1116 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
1117 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
1118 	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
1119 	 */
1120 	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN &&
1121 	    tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_max)
1122 		tp->snd_nxt--;
1123 	/*
1124 	 * If we are starting a connection, send ECN setup
1125 	 * SYN packet. If we are on a retransmit, we may
1126 	 * resend those bits a number of times as per
1127 	 * RFC 3168.
1128 	 */
1129 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT && V_tcp_do_ecn == 1) {
1130 		if (tp->t_rxtshift >= 1) {
1131 			if (tp->t_rxtshift <= V_tcp_ecn_maxretries)
1132 				flags |= TH_ECE|TH_CWR;
1133 		} else
1134 			flags |= TH_ECE|TH_CWR;
1135 	}
1136 
1137 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_ESTABLISHED &&
1138 	    (tp->t_flags & TF_ECN_PERMIT)) {
1139 		/*
1140 		 * If the peer has ECN, mark data packets with
1141 		 * ECN capable transmission (ECT).
1142 		 * Ignore pure ack packets, retransmissions and window probes.
1143 		 */
1144 		if (len > 0 && SEQ_GEQ(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max) &&
1145 		    !((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) && len == 1)) {
1146 #ifdef INET6
1147 			if (isipv6)
1148 				ip6->ip6_flow |= htonl(IPTOS_ECN_ECT0 << 20);
1149 			else
1150 #endif
1151 				ip->ip_tos |= IPTOS_ECN_ECT0;
1152 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_ecn_ect0);
1153 		}
1154 
1155 		/*
1156 		 * Reply with proper ECN notifications.
1157 		 */
1158 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ECN_SND_CWR) {
1159 			flags |= TH_CWR;
1160 			tp->t_flags &= ~TF_ECN_SND_CWR;
1161 		}
1162 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ECN_SND_ECE)
1163 			flags |= TH_ECE;
1164 	}
1165 
1166 	/*
1167 	 * If we are doing retransmissions, then snd_nxt will
1168 	 * not reflect the first unsent octet.  For ACK only
1169 	 * packets, we do not want the sequence number of the
1170 	 * retransmitted packet, we want the sequence number
1171 	 * of the next unsent octet.  So, if there is no data
1172 	 * (and no SYN or FIN), use snd_max instead of snd_nxt
1173 	 * when filling in ti_seq.  But if we are in persist
1174 	 * state, snd_max might reflect one byte beyond the
1175 	 * right edge of the window, so use snd_nxt in that
1176 	 * case, since we know we aren't doing a retransmission.
1177 	 * (retransmit and persist are mutually exclusive...)
1178 	 */
1179 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
1180 		if (len || (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) ||
1181 		    tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
1182 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
1183 		else
1184 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_max);
1185 	} else {
1186 		th->th_seq = htonl(p->rxmit);
1187 		p->rxmit += len;
1188 		tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit += len;
1189 	}
1190 	th->th_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
1191 	if (optlen) {
1192 		bcopy(opt, th + 1, optlen);
1193 		th->th_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
1194 	}
1195 	th->th_flags = flags;
1196 	/*
1197 	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
1198 	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
1199 	 * If a RST segment is sent, advertise a window of zero.
1200 	 */
1201 	if (flags & TH_RST) {
1202 		recwin = 0;
1203 	} else {
1204 		if (recwin < (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) &&
1205 		    recwin < tp->t_maxseg)
1206 			recwin = 0;
1207 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt) &&
1208 		    recwin < (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
1209 			recwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
1210 	}
1211 	/*
1212 	 * According to RFC1323 the window field in a SYN (i.e., a <SYN>
1213 	 * or <SYN,ACK>) segment itself is never scaled.  The <SYN,ACK>
1214 	 * case is handled in syncache.
1215 	 */
1216 	if (flags & TH_SYN)
1217 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)
1218 				(min(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), TCP_MAXWIN)));
1219 	else
1220 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)(recwin >> tp->rcv_scale));
1221 
1222 	/*
1223 	 * Adjust the RXWIN0SENT flag - indicate that we have advertised
1224 	 * a 0 window.  This may cause the remote transmitter to stall.  This
1225 	 * flag tells soreceive() to disable delayed acknowledgements when
1226 	 * draining the buffer.  This can occur if the receiver is attempting
1227 	 * to read more data than can be buffered prior to transmitting on
1228 	 * the connection.
1229 	 */
1230 	if (th->th_win == 0) {
1231 		tp->t_sndzerowin++;
1232 		tp->t_flags |= TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1233 	} else
1234 		tp->t_flags &= ~TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1235 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
1236 		th->th_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
1237 		th->th_flags |= TH_URG;
1238 	} else
1239 		/*
1240 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
1241 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
1242 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
1243 		 * number wraparound.
1244 		 */
1245 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
1246 
1247 	/*
1248 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
1249 	 * checksum extended header and data.
1250 	 */
1251 	m->m_pkthdr.len = hdrlen + len; /* in6_cksum() need this */
1252 	m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1253 
1254 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
1255 	if (to.to_flags & TOF_SIGNATURE) {
1256 		/*
1257 		 * Calculate MD5 signature and put it into the place
1258 		 * determined before.
1259 		 * NOTE: since TCP options buffer doesn't point into
1260 		 * mbuf's data, calculate offset and use it.
1261 		 */
1262 		if (!TCPMD5_ENABLED() || (error = TCPMD5_OUTPUT(m, th,
1263 		    (u_char *)(th + 1) + (to.to_signature - opt))) != 0) {
1264 			/*
1265 			 * Do not send segment if the calculation of MD5
1266 			 * digest has failed.
1267 			 */
1268 			m_freem(m);
1269 			goto out;
1270 		}
1271 	}
1272 #endif
1273 #ifdef INET6
1274 	if (isipv6) {
1275 		/*
1276 		 * There is no need to fill in ip6_plen right now.
1277 		 * It will be filled later by ip6_output.
1278 		 */
1279 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP_IPV6;
1280 		th->th_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6, sizeof(struct tcphdr) +
1281 		    optlen + len, IPPROTO_TCP, 0);
1282 	}
1283 #endif
1284 #if defined(INET6) && defined(INET)
1285 	else
1286 #endif
1287 #ifdef INET
1288 	{
1289 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP;
1290 		th->th_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr, ip->ip_dst.s_addr,
1291 		    htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr) + IPPROTO_TCP + len + optlen));
1292 
1293 		/* IP version must be set here for ipv4/ipv6 checking later */
1294 		KASSERT(ip->ip_v == IPVERSION,
1295 		    ("%s: IP version incorrect: %d", __func__, ip->ip_v));
1296 	}
1297 #endif
1298 
1299 	/*
1300 	 * Enable TSO and specify the size of the segments.
1301 	 * The TCP pseudo header checksum is always provided.
1302 	 */
1303 	if (tso) {
1304 		KASSERT(len > tp->t_maxseg - optlen,
1305 		    ("%s: len <= tso_segsz", __func__));
1306 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |= CSUM_TSO;
1307 		m->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz = tp->t_maxseg - optlen;
1308 	}
1309 
1310 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen == m_length(m, NULL),
1311 	    ("%s: mbuf chain shorter than expected: %d + %u != %u",
1312 	    __func__, len, hdrlen, m_length(m, NULL)));
1313 
1314 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
1315 	/* Run HHOOK_TCP_ESTABLISHED_OUT helper hooks. */
1316 	hhook_run_tcp_est_out(tp, th, &to, len, tso);
1317 #endif
1318 
1319 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
1320 	/*
1321 	 * Trace.
1322 	 */
1323 	if (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG) {
1324 		u_short save = 0;
1325 #ifdef INET6
1326 		if (!isipv6)
1327 #endif
1328 		{
1329 			save = ipov->ih_len;
1330 			ipov->ih_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len /* - hdrlen + (th->th_off << 2) */);
1331 		}
1332 		tcp_trace(TA_OUTPUT, tp->t_state, tp, mtod(m, void *), th, 0);
1333 #ifdef INET6
1334 		if (!isipv6)
1335 #endif
1336 		ipov->ih_len = save;
1337 	}
1338 #endif /* TCPDEBUG */
1339 	TCP_PROBE3(debug__output, tp, th, m);
1340 
1341 	/* We're getting ready to send; log now. */
1342 	TCP_LOG_EVENT(tp, th, &so->so_rcv, &so->so_snd, TCP_LOG_OUT, ERRNO_UNK,
1343 	    len, NULL, false);
1344 
1345 	/*
1346 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
1347 	 * send to IP level.  There should be a better way
1348 	 * to handle ttl and tos; we could keep them in
1349 	 * the template, but need a way to checksum without them.
1350 	 */
1351 	/*
1352 	 * m->m_pkthdr.len should have been set before checksum calculation,
1353 	 * because in6_cksum() need it.
1354 	 */
1355 #ifdef INET6
1356 	if (isipv6) {
1357 		/*
1358 		 * we separately set hoplimit for every segment, since the
1359 		 * user might want to change the value via setsockopt.
1360 		 * Also, desired default hop limit might be changed via
1361 		 * Neighbor Discovery.
1362 		 */
1363 		ip6->ip6_hlim = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb, NULL);
1364 
1365 		/*
1366 		 * Set the packet size here for the benefit of DTrace probes.
1367 		 * ip6_output() will set it properly; it's supposed to include
1368 		 * the option header lengths as well.
1369 		 */
1370 		ip6->ip6_plen = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len - sizeof(*ip6));
1371 
1372 		if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss)
1373 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1374 		else
1375 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1376 
1377 		if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1378 			TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1379 
1380 		TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1381 
1382 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1383 		/* Save packet, if requested. */
1384 		tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1385 #endif
1386 
1387 		/* TODO: IPv6 IP6TOS_ECT bit on */
1388 		error = ip6_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->in6p_outputopts,
1389 		    &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route6,
1390 		    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ?  IP_ROUTETOIF : 0),
1391 		    NULL, NULL, tp->t_inpcb);
1392 
1393 		if (error == EMSGSIZE && tp->t_inpcb->inp_route6.ro_rt != NULL)
1394 			mtu = tp->t_inpcb->inp_route6.ro_rt->rt_mtu;
1395 	}
1396 #endif /* INET6 */
1397 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
1398 	else
1399 #endif
1400 #ifdef INET
1401     {
1402 	ip->ip_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len);
1403 #ifdef INET6
1404 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6PROTO)
1405 		ip->ip_ttl = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb, NULL);
1406 #endif /* INET6 */
1407 	/*
1408 	 * If we do path MTU discovery, then we set DF on every packet.
1409 	 * This might not be the best thing to do according to RFC3390
1410 	 * Section 2. However the tcp hostcache migitates the problem
1411 	 * so it affects only the first tcp connection with a host.
1412 	 *
1413 	 * NB: Don't set DF on small MTU/MSS to have a safe fallback.
1414 	 */
1415 	if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss) {
1416 		ip->ip_off |= htons(IP_DF);
1417 		tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1418 	} else {
1419 		tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1420 	}
1421 
1422 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1423 		TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1424 
1425 	TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1426 
1427 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1428 	/* Save packet, if requested. */
1429 	tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1430 #endif
1431 
1432 	error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route,
1433 	    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ? IP_ROUTETOIF : 0), 0,
1434 	    tp->t_inpcb);
1435 
1436 	if (error == EMSGSIZE && tp->t_inpcb->inp_route.ro_rt != NULL)
1437 		mtu = tp->t_inpcb->inp_route.ro_rt->rt_mtu;
1438     }
1439 #endif /* INET */
1440 
1441 out:
1442 	/*
1443 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
1444 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
1445 	 */
1446 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1447 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1448 		tcp_seq startseq = tp->snd_nxt;
1449 
1450 		/*
1451 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
1452 		 */
1453 		if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) {
1454 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
1455 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1456 			if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1457 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1458 				tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1459 			}
1460 		}
1461 		if (sack_rxmit)
1462 			goto timer;
1463 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
1464 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
1465 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
1466 			/*
1467 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
1468 			 * not currently timing anything.
1469 			 */
1470 			if (tp->t_rtttime == 0) {
1471 				tp->t_rtttime = ticks;
1472 				tp->t_rtseq = startseq;
1473 				TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_segstimed);
1474 			}
1475 		}
1476 
1477 		/*
1478 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
1479 		 * and not doing a pure ack or a keep-alive probe.
1480 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
1481 		 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
1482 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
1483 		 * of retransmit time.
1484 		 */
1485 timer:
1486 		if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1487 		    ((sack_rxmit && tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max) ||
1488 		     (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))) {
1489 			if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1490 				tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
1491 				tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1492 			}
1493 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, tp->t_rxtcur);
1494 		} else if (len == 0 && sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
1495 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1496 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1497 			/*
1498 			 * Avoid a situation where we do not set persist timer
1499 			 * after a zero window condition. For example:
1500 			 * 1) A -> B: packet with enough data to fill the window
1501 			 * 2) B -> A: ACK for #1 + new data (0 window
1502 			 *    advertisement)
1503 			 * 3) A -> B: ACK for #2, 0 len packet
1504 			 *
1505 			 * In this case, A will not activate the persist timer,
1506 			 * because it chose to send a packet. Unless tcp_output
1507 			 * is called for some other reason (delayed ack timer,
1508 			 * another input packet from B, socket syscall), A will
1509 			 * not send zero window probes.
1510 			 *
1511 			 * So, if you send a 0-length packet, but there is data
1512 			 * in the socket buffer, and neither the rexmt or
1513 			 * persist timer is already set, then activate the
1514 			 * persist timer.
1515 			 */
1516 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1517 			tcp_setpersist(tp);
1518 		}
1519 	} else {
1520 		/*
1521 		 * Persist case, update snd_max but since we are in
1522 		 * persist mode (no window) we do not update snd_nxt.
1523 		 */
1524 		int xlen = len;
1525 		if (flags & TH_SYN)
1526 			++xlen;
1527 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1528 			++xlen;
1529 			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1530 		}
1531 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + xlen, tp->snd_max))
1532 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + xlen;
1533 	}
1534 	if ((error == 0) &&
1535 	    (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
1536 	     (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
1537 	     tp->rcv_numsacks > 0)) {
1538 		    /* Clean up any DSACK's sent */
1539 		    tcp_clean_dsack_blocks(tp);
1540 	}
1541 	if (error) {
1542 		/* Record the error. */
1543 		TCP_LOG_EVENT(tp, NULL, &so->so_rcv, &so->so_snd, TCP_LOG_OUT,
1544 		    error, 0, NULL, false);
1545 
1546 		/*
1547 		 * We know that the packet was lost, so back out the
1548 		 * sequence number advance, if any.
1549 		 *
1550 		 * If the error is EPERM the packet got blocked by the
1551 		 * local firewall.  Normally we should terminate the
1552 		 * connection but the blocking may have been spurious
1553 		 * due to a firewall reconfiguration cycle.  So we treat
1554 		 * it like a packet loss and let the retransmit timer and
1555 		 * timeouts do their work over time.
1556 		 * XXX: It is a POLA question whether calling tcp_drop right
1557 		 * away would be the really correct behavior instead.
1558 		 */
1559 		if (((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1560 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) &&
1561 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) == 0) &&
1562 		    (error != EPERM)) {
1563 			if (sack_rxmit) {
1564 				p->rxmit -= len;
1565 				tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit -= len;
1566 				KASSERT(tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit >= 0,
1567 				    ("sackhint bytes rtx >= 0"));
1568 			} else
1569 				tp->snd_nxt -= len;
1570 		}
1571 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);	/* Check gotos. */
1572 		switch (error) {
1573 		case EACCES:
1574 		case EPERM:
1575 			tp->t_softerror = error;
1576 			return (error);
1577 		case ENOBUFS:
1578 			TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, flags);
1579 			tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
1580 			return (0);
1581 		case EMSGSIZE:
1582 			/*
1583 			 * For some reason the interface we used initially
1584 			 * to send segments changed to another or lowered
1585 			 * its MTU.
1586 			 * If TSO was active we either got an interface
1587 			 * without TSO capabilits or TSO was turned off.
1588 			 * If we obtained mtu from ip_output() then update
1589 			 * it and try again.
1590 			 */
1591 			if (tso)
1592 				tp->t_flags &= ~TF_TSO;
1593 			if (mtu != 0) {
1594 				tcp_mss_update(tp, -1, mtu, NULL, NULL);
1595 				goto again;
1596 			}
1597 			return (error);
1598 		case EHOSTDOWN:
1599 		case EHOSTUNREACH:
1600 		case ENETDOWN:
1601 		case ENETUNREACH:
1602 			if (TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) {
1603 				tp->t_softerror = error;
1604 				return (0);
1605 			}
1606 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1607 		default:
1608 			return (error);
1609 		}
1610 	}
1611 	TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndtotal);
1612 
1613 	/*
1614 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
1615 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
1616 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
1617 	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
1618 	 */
1619 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt + recwin, tp->rcv_adv))
1620 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + recwin;
1621 	tp->last_ack_sent = tp->rcv_nxt;
1622 	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW | TF_DELACK);
1623 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_DELACK))
1624 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_DELACK, 0);
1625 #if 0
1626 	/*
1627 	 * This completely breaks TCP if newreno is turned on.  What happens
1628 	 * is that if delayed-acks are turned on on the receiver, this code
1629 	 * on the transmitter effectively destroys the TCP window, forcing
1630 	 * it to four packets (1.5Kx4 = 6K window).
1631 	 */
1632 	if (sendalot && --maxburst)
1633 		goto again;
1634 #endif
1635 	if (sendalot)
1636 		goto again;
1637 	return (0);
1638 }
1639 
1640 void
1641 tcp_setpersist(struct tcpcb *tp)
1642 {
1643 	int t = ((tp->t_srtt >> 2) + tp->t_rttvar) >> 1;
1644 	int tt;
1645 
1646 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_PREVVALID;
1647 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT))
1648 		panic("tcp_setpersist: retransmit pending");
1649 	/*
1650 	 * Start/restart persistence timer.
1651 	 */
1652 	TCPT_RANGESET(tt, t * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift],
1653 		      tcp_persmin, tcp_persmax);
1654 	tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, tt);
1655 	if (tp->t_rxtshift < TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
1656 		tp->t_rxtshift++;
1657 }
1658 
1659 /*
1660  * Insert TCP options according to the supplied parameters to the place
1661  * optp in a consistent way.  Can handle unaligned destinations.
1662  *
1663  * The order of the option processing is crucial for optimal packing and
1664  * alignment for the scarce option space.
1665  *
1666  * The optimal order for a SYN/SYN-ACK segment is:
1667  *   MSS (4) + NOP (1) + Window scale (3) + SACK permitted (2) +
1668  *   Timestamp (10) + Signature (18) = 38 bytes out of a maximum of 40.
1669  *
1670  * The SACK options should be last.  SACK blocks consume 8*n+2 bytes.
1671  * So a full size SACK blocks option is 34 bytes (with 4 SACK blocks).
1672  * At minimum we need 10 bytes (to generate 1 SACK block).  If both
1673  * TCP Timestamps (12 bytes) and TCP Signatures (18 bytes) are present,
1674  * we only have 10 bytes for SACK options (40 - (12 + 18)).
1675  */
1676 int
1677 tcp_addoptions(struct tcpopt *to, u_char *optp)
1678 {
1679 	u_int32_t mask, optlen = 0;
1680 
1681 	for (mask = 1; mask < TOF_MAXOPT; mask <<= 1) {
1682 		if ((to->to_flags & mask) != mask)
1683 			continue;
1684 		if (optlen == TCP_MAXOLEN)
1685 			break;
1686 		switch (to->to_flags & mask) {
1687 		case TOF_MSS:
1688 			while (optlen % 4) {
1689 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1690 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1691 			}
1692 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_MAXSEG)
1693 				continue;
1694 			optlen += TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1695 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_MAXSEG;
1696 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1697 			to->to_mss = htons(to->to_mss);
1698 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_mss, optp, sizeof(to->to_mss));
1699 			optp += sizeof(to->to_mss);
1700 			break;
1701 		case TOF_SCALE:
1702 			while (!optlen || optlen % 2 != 1) {
1703 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1704 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1705 			}
1706 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_WINDOW)
1707 				continue;
1708 			optlen += TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1709 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_WINDOW;
1710 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1711 			*optp++ = to->to_wscale;
1712 			break;
1713 		case TOF_SACKPERM:
1714 			while (optlen % 2) {
1715 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1716 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1717 			}
1718 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED)
1719 				continue;
1720 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1721 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK_PERMITTED;
1722 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1723 			break;
1724 		case TOF_TS:
1725 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1726 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1727 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1728 			}
1729 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP)
1730 				continue;
1731 			optlen += TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1732 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_TIMESTAMP;
1733 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1734 			to->to_tsval = htonl(to->to_tsval);
1735 			to->to_tsecr = htonl(to->to_tsecr);
1736 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsval, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsval));
1737 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsval);
1738 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsecr, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsecr));
1739 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsecr);
1740 			break;
1741 		case TOF_SIGNATURE:
1742 			{
1743 			int siglen = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE - 2;
1744 
1745 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1746 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1747 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1748 			}
1749 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE) {
1750 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_SIGNATURE;
1751 				continue;
1752 			}
1753 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1754 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SIGNATURE;
1755 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1756 			to->to_signature = optp;
1757 			while (siglen--)
1758 				 *optp++ = 0;
1759 			break;
1760 			}
1761 		case TOF_SACK:
1762 			{
1763 			int sackblks = 0;
1764 			struct sackblk *sack = (struct sackblk *)to->to_sacks;
1765 			tcp_seq sack_seq;
1766 
1767 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1768 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1769 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1770 			}
1771 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + TCPOLEN_SACK)
1772 				continue;
1773 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACKHDR;
1774 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK;
1775 			sackblks = min(to->to_nsacks,
1776 					(TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen) / TCPOLEN_SACK);
1777 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + sackblks * TCPOLEN_SACK;
1778 			while (sackblks--) {
1779 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->start);
1780 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1781 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1782 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->end);
1783 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1784 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1785 				optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK;
1786 				sack++;
1787 			}
1788 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_send_blocks);
1789 			break;
1790 			}
1791 		case TOF_FASTOPEN:
1792 			{
1793 			int total_len;
1794 
1795 			/* XXX is there any point to aligning this option? */
1796 			total_len = TCPOLEN_FAST_OPEN_EMPTY + to->to_tfo_len;
1797 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < total_len) {
1798 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_FASTOPEN;
1799 				continue;
1800 			}
1801 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_FAST_OPEN;
1802 			*optp++ = total_len;
1803 			if (to->to_tfo_len > 0) {
1804 				bcopy(to->to_tfo_cookie, optp, to->to_tfo_len);
1805 				optp += to->to_tfo_len;
1806 			}
1807 			optlen += total_len;
1808 			break;
1809 			}
1810 		default:
1811 			panic("%s: unknown TCP option type", __func__);
1812 			break;
1813 		}
1814 	}
1815 
1816 	/* Terminate and pad TCP options to a 4 byte boundary. */
1817 	if (optlen % 4) {
1818 		optlen += TCPOLEN_EOL;
1819 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
1820 	}
1821 	/*
1822 	 * According to RFC 793 (STD0007):
1823 	 *   "The content of the header beyond the End-of-Option option
1824 	 *    must be header padding (i.e., zero)."
1825 	 *   and later: "The padding is composed of zeros."
1826 	 */
1827 	while (optlen % 4) {
1828 		optlen += TCPOLEN_PAD;
1829 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_PAD;
1830 	}
1831 
1832 	KASSERT(optlen <= TCP_MAXOLEN, ("%s: TCP options too long", __func__));
1833 	return (optlen);
1834 }
1835 
1836 /*
1837  * This is a copy of m_copym(), taking the TSO segment size/limit
1838  * constraints into account, and advancing the sndptr as it goes.
1839  */
1840 struct mbuf *
1841 tcp_m_copym(struct mbuf *m, int32_t off0, int32_t *plen,
1842     int32_t seglimit, int32_t segsize, struct sockbuf *sb, bool hw_tls)
1843 {
1844 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1845 	struct ktls_session *tls, *ntls;
1846 	struct mbuf *start;
1847 #endif
1848 	struct mbuf *n, **np;
1849 	struct mbuf *top;
1850 	int32_t off = off0;
1851 	int32_t len = *plen;
1852 	int32_t fragsize;
1853 	int32_t len_cp = 0;
1854 	int32_t *pkthdrlen;
1855 	uint32_t mlen, frags;
1856 	bool copyhdr;
1857 
1858 
1859 	KASSERT(off >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative off %d", off));
1860 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative len %d", len));
1861 	if (off == 0 && m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
1862 		copyhdr = true;
1863 	else
1864 		copyhdr = false;
1865 	while (off > 0) {
1866 		KASSERT(m != NULL, ("tcp_m_copym, offset > size of mbuf chain"));
1867 		if (off < m->m_len)
1868 			break;
1869 		off -= m->m_len;
1870 		if ((sb) && (m == sb->sb_sndptr)) {
1871 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
1872 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
1873 		}
1874 		m = m->m_next;
1875 	}
1876 	np = &top;
1877 	top = NULL;
1878 	pkthdrlen = NULL;
1879 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1880 	if (m->m_flags & M_NOMAP)
1881 		tls = m->m_ext.ext_pgs->tls;
1882 	else
1883 		tls = NULL;
1884 	start = m;
1885 #endif
1886 	while (len > 0) {
1887 		if (m == NULL) {
1888 			KASSERT(len == M_COPYALL,
1889 			    ("tcp_m_copym, length > size of mbuf chain"));
1890 			*plen = len_cp;
1891 			if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
1892 				*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
1893 			break;
1894 		}
1895 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1896 		if (hw_tls) {
1897 			if (m->m_flags & M_NOMAP)
1898 				ntls = m->m_ext.ext_pgs->tls;
1899 			else
1900 				ntls = NULL;
1901 
1902 			/*
1903 			 * Avoid mixing TLS records with handshake
1904 			 * data or TLS records from different
1905 			 * sessions.
1906 			 */
1907 			if (tls != ntls) {
1908 				MPASS(m != start);
1909 				*plen = len_cp;
1910 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
1911 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
1912 				break;
1913 			}
1914 
1915 			/*
1916 			 * Don't end a send in the middle of a TLS
1917 			 * record if it spans multiple TLS records.
1918 			 */
1919 			if (tls != NULL && (m != start) && len < m->m_len) {
1920 				*plen = len_cp;
1921 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
1922 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
1923 				break;
1924 			}
1925 		}
1926 #endif
1927 		mlen = min(len, m->m_len - off);
1928 		if (seglimit) {
1929 			/*
1930 			 * For M_NOMAP mbufs, add 3 segments
1931 			 * + 1 in case we are crossing page boundaries
1932 			 * + 2 in case the TLS hdr/trailer are used
1933 			 * It is cheaper to just add the segments
1934 			 * than it is to take the cache miss to look
1935 			 * at the mbuf ext_pgs state in detail.
1936 			 */
1937 			if (m->m_flags & M_NOMAP) {
1938 				fragsize = min(segsize, PAGE_SIZE);
1939 				frags = 3;
1940 			} else {
1941 				fragsize = segsize;
1942 				frags = 0;
1943 			}
1944 
1945 			/* Break if we really can't fit anymore. */
1946 			if ((frags + 1) >= seglimit) {
1947 				*plen =	len_cp;
1948 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
1949 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
1950 				break;
1951 			}
1952 
1953 			/*
1954 			 * Reduce size if you can't copy the whole
1955 			 * mbuf. If we can't copy the whole mbuf, also
1956 			 * adjust len so the loop will end after this
1957 			 * mbuf.
1958 			 */
1959 			if ((frags + howmany(mlen, fragsize)) >= seglimit) {
1960 				mlen = (seglimit - frags - 1) * fragsize;
1961 				len = mlen;
1962 				*plen = len_cp + len;
1963 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
1964 					*pkthdrlen = *plen;
1965 			}
1966 			frags += howmany(mlen, fragsize);
1967 			if (frags == 0)
1968 				frags++;
1969 			seglimit -= frags;
1970 			KASSERT(seglimit > 0,
1971 			    ("%s: seglimit went too low", __func__));
1972 		}
1973 		if (copyhdr)
1974 			n = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
1975 		else
1976 			n = m_get(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
1977 		*np = n;
1978 		if (n == NULL)
1979 			goto nospace;
1980 		if (copyhdr) {
1981 			if (!m_dup_pkthdr(n, m, M_NOWAIT))
1982 				goto nospace;
1983 			if (len == M_COPYALL)
1984 				n->m_pkthdr.len -= off0;
1985 			else
1986 				n->m_pkthdr.len = len;
1987 			pkthdrlen = &n->m_pkthdr.len;
1988 			copyhdr = false;
1989 		}
1990 		n->m_len = mlen;
1991 		len_cp += n->m_len;
1992 		if (m->m_flags & M_EXT) {
1993 			n->m_data = m->m_data + off;
1994 			mb_dupcl(n, m);
1995 		} else
1996 			bcopy(mtod(m, caddr_t)+off, mtod(n, caddr_t),
1997 			    (u_int)n->m_len);
1998 
1999 		if (sb && (sb->sb_sndptr == m) &&
2000 		    ((n->m_len + off) >= m->m_len) && m->m_next) {
2001 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
2002 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
2003 		}
2004 		off = 0;
2005 		if (len != M_COPYALL) {
2006 			len -= n->m_len;
2007 		}
2008 		m = m->m_next;
2009 		np = &n->m_next;
2010 	}
2011 	return (top);
2012 nospace:
2013 	m_freem(top);
2014 	return (NULL);
2015 }
2016 
2017 void
2018 tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(struct tcpcb *tp, struct socket *so, uint32_t sendwin)
2019 {
2020 
2021 	/*
2022 	 * Automatic sizing of send socket buffer.  Often the send buffer
2023 	 * size is not optimally adjusted to the actual network conditions
2024 	 * at hand (delay bandwidth product).  Setting the buffer size too
2025 	 * small limits throughput on links with high bandwidth and high
2026 	 * delay (eg. trans-continental/oceanic links).  Setting the
2027 	 * buffer size too big consumes too much real kernel memory,
2028 	 * especially with many connections on busy servers.
2029 	 *
2030 	 * The criteria to step up the send buffer one notch are:
2031 	 *  1. receive window of remote host is larger than send buffer
2032 	 *     (with a fudge factor of 5/4th);
2033 	 *  2. send buffer is filled to 7/8th with data (so we actually
2034 	 *     have data to make use of it);
2035 	 *  3. send buffer fill has not hit maximal automatic size;
2036 	 *  4. our send window (slow start and cogestion controlled) is
2037 	 *     larger than sent but unacknowledged data in send buffer.
2038 	 *
2039 	 * The remote host receive window scaling factor may limit the
2040 	 * growing of the send buffer before it reaches its allowed
2041 	 * maximum.
2042 	 *
2043 	 * It scales directly with slow start or congestion window
2044 	 * and does at most one step per received ACK.  This fast
2045 	 * scaling has the drawback of growing the send buffer beyond
2046 	 * what is strictly necessary to make full use of a given
2047 	 * delay*bandwidth product.  However testing has shown this not
2048 	 * to be much of an problem.  At worst we are trading wasting
2049 	 * of available bandwidth (the non-use of it) for wasting some
2050 	 * socket buffer memory.
2051 	 *
2052 	 * TODO: Shrink send buffer during idle periods together
2053 	 * with congestion window.  Requires another timer.  Has to
2054 	 * wait for upcoming tcp timer rewrite.
2055 	 *
2056 	 * XXXGL: should there be used sbused() or sbavail()?
2057 	 */
2058 	if (V_tcp_do_autosndbuf && so->so_snd.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE) {
2059 		int lowat;
2060 
2061 		lowat = V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat ? so->so_snd.sb_lowat : 0;
2062 		if ((tp->snd_wnd / 4 * 5) >= so->so_snd.sb_hiwat - lowat &&
2063 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) >=
2064 		    (so->so_snd.sb_hiwat / 8 * 7) - lowat &&
2065 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) < V_tcp_autosndbuf_max &&
2066 		    sendwin >= (sbused(&so->so_snd) -
2067 		    (tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una))) {
2068 			if (!sbreserve_locked(&so->so_snd,
2069 			    min(so->so_snd.sb_hiwat + V_tcp_autosndbuf_inc,
2070 			     V_tcp_autosndbuf_max), so, curthread))
2071 				so->so_snd.sb_flags &= ~SB_AUTOSIZE;
2072 		}
2073 	}
2074 }
2075