xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision 119b75925c562202145d7bac7b676b98029c6cb9)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  *	@(#)tcp_output.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
34 
35 #include "opt_inet.h"
36 #include "opt_inet6.h"
37 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
38 #include "opt_tcpdebug.h"
39 
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <sys/systm.h>
42 #include <sys/domain.h>
43 #include <sys/hhook.h>
44 #include <sys/kernel.h>
45 #include <sys/lock.h>
46 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
47 #include <sys/mutex.h>
48 #include <sys/protosw.h>
49 #include <sys/sdt.h>
50 #include <sys/socket.h>
51 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
52 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 
54 #include <net/if.h>
55 #include <net/route.h>
56 #include <net/vnet.h>
57 
58 #include <netinet/cc.h>
59 #include <netinet/in.h>
60 #include <netinet/in_kdtrace.h>
61 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
62 #include <netinet/ip.h>
63 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
64 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
65 #include <netinet/ip_options.h>
66 #ifdef INET6
67 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
68 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
69 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
70 #endif
71 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
72 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
73 #include <netinet/tcp_seq.h>
74 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
75 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
76 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
77 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
78 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h>
79 #endif
80 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
81 #include <netinet/tcp_offload.h>
82 #endif
83 
84 #ifdef IPSEC
85 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
86 #endif /*IPSEC*/
87 
88 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
89 
90 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
91 
92 VNET_DEFINE(int, path_mtu_discovery) = 1;
93 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, path_mtu_discovery, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
94 	&VNET_NAME(path_mtu_discovery), 1,
95 	"Enable Path MTU Discovery");
96 
97 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_tso) = 1;
98 #define	V_tcp_do_tso		VNET(tcp_do_tso)
99 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, tso, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
100 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_tso), 0,
101 	"Enable TCP Segmentation Offload");
102 
103 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendspace) = 1024*32;
104 #define	V_tcp_sendspace	VNET(tcp_sendspace)
105 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_SENDSPACE, sendspace, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
106 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendspace), 0, "Initial send socket buffer size");
107 
108 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_autosndbuf) = 1;
109 #define	V_tcp_do_autosndbuf	VNET(tcp_do_autosndbuf)
110 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
111 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_autosndbuf), 0,
112 	"Enable automatic send buffer sizing");
113 
114 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_inc) = 8*1024;
115 #define	V_tcp_autosndbuf_inc	VNET(tcp_autosndbuf_inc)
116 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_inc, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
117 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_inc), 0,
118 	"Incrementor step size of automatic send buffer");
119 
120 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_max) = 2*1024*1024;
121 #define	V_tcp_autosndbuf_max	VNET(tcp_autosndbuf_max)
122 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_max, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
123 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_max), 0,
124 	"Max size of automatic send buffer");
125 
126 static void inline	hhook_run_tcp_est_out(struct tcpcb *tp,
127 			    struct tcphdr *th, struct tcpopt *to,
128 			    long len, int tso);
129 static void inline	cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp);
130 
131 /*
132  * Wrapper for the TCP established output helper hook.
133  */
134 static void inline
135 hhook_run_tcp_est_out(struct tcpcb *tp, struct tcphdr *th,
136     struct tcpopt *to, long len, int tso)
137 {
138 	struct tcp_hhook_data hhook_data;
139 
140 	if (V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT]->hhh_nhooks > 0) {
141 		hhook_data.tp = tp;
142 		hhook_data.th = th;
143 		hhook_data.to = to;
144 		hhook_data.len = len;
145 		hhook_data.tso = tso;
146 
147 		hhook_run_hooks(V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT], &hhook_data,
148 		    tp->osd);
149 	}
150 }
151 
152 /*
153  * CC wrapper hook functions
154  */
155 static void inline
156 cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp)
157 {
158 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tp->t_inpcb);
159 
160 	if (CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle != NULL)
161 		CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle(tp->ccv);
162 }
163 
164 /*
165  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
166  */
167 int
168 tcp_output(struct tcpcb *tp)
169 {
170 	struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket;
171 	long len, recwin, sendwin;
172 	int off, flags, error = 0;	/* Keep compiler happy */
173 	struct mbuf *m;
174 	struct ip *ip = NULL;
175 	struct ipovly *ipov = NULL;
176 	struct tcphdr *th;
177 	u_char opt[TCP_MAXOLEN];
178 	unsigned ipoptlen, optlen, hdrlen;
179 #ifdef IPSEC
180 	unsigned ipsec_optlen = 0;
181 #endif
182 	int idle, sendalot;
183 	int sack_rxmit, sack_bytes_rxmt;
184 	struct sackhole *p;
185 	int tso, mtu;
186 	struct tcpopt to;
187 #if 0
188 	int maxburst = TCP_MAXBURST;
189 #endif
190 #ifdef INET6
191 	struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = NULL;
192 	int isipv6;
193 
194 	isipv6 = (tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0;
195 #endif
196 
197 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tp->t_inpcb);
198 
199 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
200 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_TOE)
201 		return (tcp_offload_output(tp));
202 #endif
203 
204 	/*
205 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
206 	 * and flags that will be used.
207 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
208 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
209 	 */
210 	idle = (tp->t_flags & TF_LASTIDLE) || (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
211 	if (idle && ticks - tp->t_rcvtime >= tp->t_rxtcur)
212 		cc_after_idle(tp);
213 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_LASTIDLE;
214 	if (idle) {
215 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) {
216 			tp->t_flags |= TF_LASTIDLE;
217 			idle = 0;
218 		}
219 	}
220 again:
221 	/*
222 	 * If we've recently taken a timeout, snd_max will be greater than
223 	 * snd_nxt.  There may be SACK information that allows us to avoid
224 	 * resending already delivered data.  Adjust snd_nxt accordingly.
225 	 */
226 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
227 	    SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
228 		tcp_sack_adjust(tp);
229 	sendalot = 0;
230 	tso = 0;
231 	mtu = 0;
232 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
233 	sendwin = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
234 
235 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
236 	/*
237 	 * Send any SACK-generated retransmissions.  If we're explicitly trying
238 	 * to send out new data (when sendalot is 1), bypass this function.
239 	 * If we retransmit in fast recovery mode, decrement snd_cwnd, since
240 	 * we're replacing a (future) new transmission with a retransmission
241 	 * now, and we previously incremented snd_cwnd in tcp_input().
242 	 */
243 	/*
244 	 * Still in sack recovery , reset rxmit flag to zero.
245 	 */
246 	sack_rxmit = 0;
247 	sack_bytes_rxmt = 0;
248 	len = 0;
249 	p = NULL;
250 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) && IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp->t_flags) &&
251 	    (p = tcp_sack_output(tp, &sack_bytes_rxmt))) {
252 		long cwin;
253 
254 		cwin = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) - sack_bytes_rxmt;
255 		if (cwin < 0)
256 			cwin = 0;
257 		/* Do not retransmit SACK segments beyond snd_recover */
258 		if (SEQ_GT(p->end, tp->snd_recover)) {
259 			/*
260 			 * (At least) part of sack hole extends beyond
261 			 * snd_recover. Check to see if we can rexmit data
262 			 * for this hole.
263 			 */
264 			if (SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, tp->snd_recover)) {
265 				/*
266 				 * Can't rexmit any more data for this hole.
267 				 * That data will be rexmitted in the next
268 				 * sack recovery episode, when snd_recover
269 				 * moves past p->rxmit.
270 				 */
271 				p = NULL;
272 				goto after_sack_rexmit;
273 			} else
274 				/* Can rexmit part of the current hole */
275 				len = ((long)ulmin(cwin,
276 						   tp->snd_recover - p->rxmit));
277 		} else
278 			len = ((long)ulmin(cwin, p->end - p->rxmit));
279 		off = p->rxmit - tp->snd_una;
280 		KASSERT(off >= 0,("%s: sack block to the left of una : %d",
281 		    __func__, off));
282 		if (len > 0) {
283 			sack_rxmit = 1;
284 			sendalot = 1;
285 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_rexmits);
286 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sack_rexmit_bytes,
287 			    min(len, tp->t_maxseg));
288 		}
289 	}
290 after_sack_rexmit:
291 	/*
292 	 * Get standard flags, and add SYN or FIN if requested by 'hidden'
293 	 * state flags.
294 	 */
295 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
296 		flags |= TH_FIN;
297 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN)
298 		flags |= TH_SYN;
299 
300 	SOCKBUF_LOCK(&so->so_snd);
301 	/*
302 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
303 	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
304 	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
305 	 * and go to transmit state.
306 	 */
307 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) {
308 		if (sendwin == 0) {
309 			/*
310 			 * If we still have some data to send, then
311 			 * clear the FIN bit.  Usually this would
312 			 * happen below when it realizes that we
313 			 * aren't sending all the data.  However,
314 			 * if we have exactly 1 byte of unsent data,
315 			 * then it won't clear the FIN bit below,
316 			 * and if we are in persist state, we wind
317 			 * up sending the packet without recording
318 			 * that we sent the FIN bit.
319 			 *
320 			 * We can't just blindly clear the FIN bit,
321 			 * because if we don't have any more data
322 			 * to send then the probe will be the FIN
323 			 * itself.
324 			 */
325 			if (off < sbused(&so->so_snd))
326 				flags &= ~TH_FIN;
327 			sendwin = 1;
328 		} else {
329 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
330 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
331 		}
332 	}
333 
334 	/*
335 	 * If snd_nxt == snd_max and we have transmitted a FIN, the
336 	 * offset will be > 0 even if so_snd.sb_cc is 0, resulting in
337 	 * a negative length.  This can also occur when TCP opens up
338 	 * its congestion window while receiving additional duplicate
339 	 * acks after fast-retransmit because TCP will reset snd_nxt
340 	 * to snd_max after the fast-retransmit.
341 	 *
342 	 * In the normal retransmit-FIN-only case, however, snd_nxt will
343 	 * be set to snd_una, the offset will be 0, and the length may
344 	 * wind up 0.
345 	 *
346 	 * If sack_rxmit is true we are retransmitting from the scoreboard
347 	 * in which case len is already set.
348 	 */
349 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
350 		if (sack_bytes_rxmt == 0)
351 			len = ((long)ulmin(sbavail(&so->so_snd), sendwin) -
352 			    off);
353 		else {
354 			long cwin;
355 
356                         /*
357 			 * We are inside of a SACK recovery episode and are
358 			 * sending new data, having retransmitted all the
359 			 * data possible in the scoreboard.
360 			 */
361 			len = ((long)ulmin(sbavail(&so->so_snd), tp->snd_wnd) -
362 			    off);
363 			/*
364 			 * Don't remove this (len > 0) check !
365 			 * We explicitly check for len > 0 here (although it
366 			 * isn't really necessary), to work around a gcc
367 			 * optimization issue - to force gcc to compute
368 			 * len above. Without this check, the computation
369 			 * of len is bungled by the optimizer.
370 			 */
371 			if (len > 0) {
372 				cwin = tp->snd_cwnd -
373 					(tp->snd_nxt - tp->sack_newdata) -
374 					sack_bytes_rxmt;
375 				if (cwin < 0)
376 					cwin = 0;
377 				len = lmin(len, cwin);
378 			}
379 		}
380 	}
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * Lop off SYN bit if it has already been sent.  However, if this
384 	 * is SYN-SENT state and if segment contains data and if we don't
385 	 * know that foreign host supports TAO, suppress sending segment.
386 	 */
387 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_una)) {
388 		if (tp->t_state != TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)
389 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
390 		off--, len++;
391 	}
392 
393 	/*
394 	 * Be careful not to send data and/or FIN on SYN segments.
395 	 * This measure is needed to prevent interoperability problems
396 	 * with not fully conformant TCP implementations.
397 	 */
398 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT)) {
399 		len = 0;
400 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
401 	}
402 
403 	if (len <= 0) {
404 		/*
405 		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
406 		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
407 		 * len will be < 0.  Otherwise, window shrank
408 		 * after we sent into it.  If window shrank to 0,
409 		 * cancel pending retransmit, pull snd_nxt back
410 		 * to (closed) window, and set the persist timer
411 		 * if it isn't already going.  If the window didn't
412 		 * close completely, just wait for an ACK.
413 		 *
414 		 * We also do a general check here to ensure that
415 		 * we will set the persist timer when we have data
416 		 * to send, but a 0-byte window. This makes sure
417 		 * the persist timer is set even if the packet
418 		 * hits one of the "goto send" lines below.
419 		 */
420 		len = 0;
421 		if ((sendwin == 0) && (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state)) &&
422 			(off < (int) sbavail(&so->so_snd))) {
423 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, 0);
424 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
425 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
426 			if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
427 				tcp_setpersist(tp);
428 		}
429 	}
430 
431 	/* len will be >= 0 after this point. */
432 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
433 
434 	/*
435 	 * Automatic sizing of send socket buffer.  Often the send buffer
436 	 * size is not optimally adjusted to the actual network conditions
437 	 * at hand (delay bandwidth product).  Setting the buffer size too
438 	 * small limits throughput on links with high bandwidth and high
439 	 * delay (eg. trans-continental/oceanic links).  Setting the
440 	 * buffer size too big consumes too much real kernel memory,
441 	 * especially with many connections on busy servers.
442 	 *
443 	 * The criteria to step up the send buffer one notch are:
444 	 *  1. receive window of remote host is larger than send buffer
445 	 *     (with a fudge factor of 5/4th);
446 	 *  2. send buffer is filled to 7/8th with data (so we actually
447 	 *     have data to make use of it);
448 	 *  3. send buffer fill has not hit maximal automatic size;
449 	 *  4. our send window (slow start and cogestion controlled) is
450 	 *     larger than sent but unacknowledged data in send buffer.
451 	 *
452 	 * The remote host receive window scaling factor may limit the
453 	 * growing of the send buffer before it reaches its allowed
454 	 * maximum.
455 	 *
456 	 * It scales directly with slow start or congestion window
457 	 * and does at most one step per received ACK.  This fast
458 	 * scaling has the drawback of growing the send buffer beyond
459 	 * what is strictly necessary to make full use of a given
460 	 * delay*bandwith product.  However testing has shown this not
461 	 * to be much of an problem.  At worst we are trading wasting
462 	 * of available bandwith (the non-use of it) for wasting some
463 	 * socket buffer memory.
464 	 *
465 	 * TODO: Shrink send buffer during idle periods together
466 	 * with congestion window.  Requires another timer.  Has to
467 	 * wait for upcoming tcp timer rewrite.
468 	 *
469 	 * XXXGL: should there be used sbused() or sbavail()?
470 	 */
471 	if (V_tcp_do_autosndbuf && so->so_snd.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE) {
472 		if ((tp->snd_wnd / 4 * 5) >= so->so_snd.sb_hiwat &&
473 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) >= (so->so_snd.sb_hiwat / 8 * 7) &&
474 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) < V_tcp_autosndbuf_max &&
475 		    sendwin >= (sbused(&so->so_snd) -
476 		    (tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una))) {
477 			if (!sbreserve_locked(&so->so_snd,
478 			    min(so->so_snd.sb_hiwat + V_tcp_autosndbuf_inc,
479 			     V_tcp_autosndbuf_max), so, curthread))
480 				so->so_snd.sb_flags &= ~SB_AUTOSIZE;
481 		}
482 	}
483 
484 	/*
485 	 * Decide if we can use TCP Segmentation Offloading (if supported by
486 	 * hardware).
487 	 *
488 	 * TSO may only be used if we are in a pure bulk sending state.  The
489 	 * presence of TCP-MD5, SACK retransmits, SACK advertizements and
490 	 * IP options prevent using TSO.  With TSO the TCP header is the same
491 	 * (except for the sequence number) for all generated packets.  This
492 	 * makes it impossible to transmit any options which vary per generated
493 	 * segment or packet.
494 	 */
495 #ifdef IPSEC
496 	/*
497 	 * Pre-calculate here as we save another lookup into the darknesses
498 	 * of IPsec that way and can actually decide if TSO is ok.
499 	 */
500 	ipsec_optlen = ipsec_hdrsiz_tcp(tp);
501 #endif
502 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_TSO) && V_tcp_do_tso && len > tp->t_maxseg &&
503 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) == 0) &&
504 	    tp->rcv_numsacks == 0 && sack_rxmit == 0 &&
505 #ifdef IPSEC
506 	    ipsec_optlen == 0 &&
507 #endif
508 	    tp->t_inpcb->inp_options == NULL &&
509 	    tp->t_inpcb->in6p_options == NULL)
510 		tso = 1;
511 
512 	if (sack_rxmit) {
513 		if (SEQ_LT(p->rxmit + len, tp->snd_una + sbused(&so->so_snd)))
514 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
515 	} else {
516 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una +
517 		    sbused(&so->so_snd)))
518 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
519 	}
520 
521 	recwin = sbspace(&so->so_rcv);
522 
523 	/*
524 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.   We transmit under the following
525 	 * conditions when len is non-zero:
526 	 *
527 	 *	- We have a full segment (or more with TSO)
528 	 *	- This is the last buffer in a write()/send() and we are
529 	 *	  either idle or running NODELAY
530 	 *	- we've timed out (e.g. persist timer)
531 	 *	- we have more then 1/2 the maximum send window's worth of
532 	 *	  data (receiver may be limited the window size)
533 	 *	- we need to retransmit
534 	 */
535 	if (len) {
536 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
537 			goto send;
538 		/*
539 		 * NOTE! on localhost connections an 'ack' from the remote
540 		 * end may occur synchronously with the output and cause
541 		 * us to flush a buffer queued with moretocome.  XXX
542 		 *
543 		 * note: the len + off check is almost certainly unnecessary.
544 		 */
545 		if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) &&	/* normal case */
546 		    (idle || (tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY)) &&
547 		    len + off >= sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
548 		    (tp->t_flags & TF_NOPUSH) == 0) {
549 			goto send;
550 		}
551 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)		/* typ. timeout case */
552 			goto send;
553 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2 && tp->max_sndwnd > 0)
554 			goto send;
555 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))	/* retransmit case */
556 			goto send;
557 		if (sack_rxmit)
558 			goto send;
559 	}
560 
561 	/*
562 	 * Sending of standalone window updates.
563 	 *
564 	 * Window updates are important when we close our window due to a
565 	 * full socket buffer and are opening it again after the application
566 	 * reads data from it.  Once the window has opened again and the
567 	 * remote end starts to send again the ACK clock takes over and
568 	 * provides the most current window information.
569 	 *
570 	 * We must avoid the silly window syndrome whereas every read
571 	 * from the receive buffer, no matter how small, causes a window
572 	 * update to be sent.  We also should avoid sending a flurry of
573 	 * window updates when the socket buffer had queued a lot of data
574 	 * and the application is doing small reads.
575 	 *
576 	 * Prevent a flurry of pointless window updates by only sending
577 	 * an update when we can increase the advertized window by more
578 	 * than 1/4th of the socket buffer capacity.  When the buffer is
579 	 * getting full or is very small be more aggressive and send an
580 	 * update whenever we can increase by two mss sized segments.
581 	 * In all other situations the ACK's to new incoming data will
582 	 * carry further window increases.
583 	 *
584 	 * Don't send an independent window update if a delayed
585 	 * ACK is pending (it will get piggy-backed on it) or the
586 	 * remote side already has done a half-close and won't send
587 	 * more data.  Skip this if the connection is in T/TCP
588 	 * half-open state.
589 	 */
590 	if (recwin > 0 && !(tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) &&
591 	    !(tp->t_flags & TF_DELACK) &&
592 	    !TCPS_HAVERCVDFIN(tp->t_state)) {
593 		/*
594 		 * "adv" is the amount we could increase the window,
595 		 * taking into account that we are limited by
596 		 * TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale.
597 		 */
598 		long adv;
599 		int oldwin;
600 
601 		adv = min(recwin, (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale);
602 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt)) {
603 			oldwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
604 			adv -= oldwin;
605 		} else
606 			oldwin = 0;
607 
608 		/*
609 		 * If the new window size ends up being the same as the old
610 		 * size when it is scaled, then don't force a window update.
611 		 */
612 		if (oldwin >> tp->rcv_scale == (adv + oldwin) >> tp->rcv_scale)
613 			goto dontupdate;
614 
615 		if (adv >= (long)(2 * tp->t_maxseg) &&
616 		    (adv >= (long)(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) ||
617 		     recwin <= (long)(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 8) ||
618 		     so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat <= 8 * tp->t_maxseg))
619 			goto send;
620 	}
621 dontupdate:
622 
623 	/*
624 	 * Send if we owe the peer an ACK, RST, SYN, or urgent data.  ACKNOW
625 	 * is also a catch-all for the retransmit timer timeout case.
626 	 */
627 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
628 		goto send;
629 	if ((flags & TH_RST) ||
630 	    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) == 0))
631 		goto send;
632 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
633 		goto send;
634 	/*
635 	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
636 	 * and we have not yet done so, then we need to send.
637 	 */
638 	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
639 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
640 		goto send;
641 	/*
642 	 * In SACK, it is possible for tcp_output to fail to send a segment
643 	 * after the retransmission timer has been turned off.  Make sure
644 	 * that the retransmission timer is set.
645 	 */
646 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
647 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) &&
648 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
649 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
650 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, tp->t_rxtcur);
651 		goto just_return;
652 	}
653 	/*
654 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
655 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
656 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
657 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
658 	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
659 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
660 	 *
661 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)
662 	 *	is true when we are in persist state.
663 	 * (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)
664 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
665 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT)
666 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
667 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
668 	 *
669 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
670 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
671 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
672 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
673 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
674 	 */
675 	if (sbavail(&so->so_snd) && !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
676 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
677 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
678 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
679 	}
680 
681 	/*
682 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
683 	 */
684 just_return:
685 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
686 	return (0);
687 
688 send:
689 	SOCKBUF_LOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
690 	if (len > 0) {
691 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
692 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
693 		else
694 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
695 	}
696 	/*
697 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
698 	 * unless TCP set not to do any options.
699 	 * NOTE: we assume that the IP/TCP header plus TCP options
700 	 * always fit in a single mbuf, leaving room for a maximum
701 	 * link header, i.e.
702 	 *	max_linkhdr + sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen <= MCLBYTES
703 	 */
704 	optlen = 0;
705 #ifdef INET6
706 	if (isipv6)
707 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr) + sizeof (struct tcphdr);
708 	else
709 #endif
710 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
711 
712 	/*
713 	 * Compute options for segment.
714 	 * We only have to care about SYN and established connection
715 	 * segments.  Options for SYN-ACK segments are handled in TCP
716 	 * syncache.
717 	 */
718 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
719 		to.to_flags = 0;
720 		/* Maximum segment size. */
721 		if (flags & TH_SYN) {
722 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->iss;
723 			to.to_mss = tcp_mssopt(&tp->t_inpcb->inp_inc);
724 			to.to_flags |= TOF_MSS;
725 		}
726 		/* Window scaling. */
727 		if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_SCALE)) {
728 			to.to_wscale = tp->request_r_scale;
729 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SCALE;
730 		}
731 		/* Timestamps. */
732 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ||
733 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_TSTMP))) {
734 			to.to_tsval = tcp_ts_getticks() + tp->ts_offset;
735 			to.to_tsecr = tp->ts_recent;
736 			to.to_flags |= TOF_TS;
737 			/* Set receive buffer autosizing timestamp. */
738 			if (tp->rfbuf_ts == 0 &&
739 			    (so->so_rcv.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE))
740 				tp->rfbuf_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
741 		}
742 		/* Selective ACK's. */
743 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) {
744 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
745 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACKPERM;
746 			else if (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
747 			    (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
748 			    tp->rcv_numsacks > 0) {
749 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACK;
750 				to.to_nsacks = tp->rcv_numsacks;
751 				to.to_sacks = (u_char *)tp->sackblks;
752 			}
753 		}
754 #ifdef TCP_SIGNATURE
755 		/* TCP-MD5 (RFC2385). */
756 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE)
757 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SIGNATURE;
758 #endif /* TCP_SIGNATURE */
759 
760 		/* Processing the options. */
761 		hdrlen += optlen = tcp_addoptions(&to, opt);
762 	}
763 
764 #ifdef INET6
765 	if (isipv6)
766 		ipoptlen = ip6_optlen(tp->t_inpcb);
767 	else
768 #endif
769 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_options)
770 		ipoptlen = tp->t_inpcb->inp_options->m_len -
771 				offsetof(struct ipoption, ipopt_list);
772 	else
773 		ipoptlen = 0;
774 #ifdef IPSEC
775 	ipoptlen += ipsec_optlen;
776 #endif
777 
778 	/*
779 	 * Adjust data length if insertion of options will
780 	 * bump the packet length beyond the t_maxopd length.
781 	 * Clear the FIN bit because we cut off the tail of
782 	 * the segment.
783 	 */
784 	if (len + optlen + ipoptlen > tp->t_maxopd) {
785 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
786 
787 		if (tso) {
788 			u_int if_hw_tsomax;
789 			u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegcount;
790 			u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegsize;
791 			struct mbuf *mb;
792 			u_int moff;
793 			int max_len;
794 
795 			/* extract TSO information */
796 			if_hw_tsomax = tp->t_tsomax;
797 			if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = tp->t_tsomaxsegcount;
798 			if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = tp->t_tsomaxsegsize;
799 
800 			/*
801 			 * Limit a TSO burst to prevent it from
802 			 * overflowing or exceeding the maximum length
803 			 * allowed by the network interface:
804 			 */
805 			KASSERT(ipoptlen == 0,
806 			    ("%s: TSO can't do IP options", __func__));
807 
808 			/*
809 			 * Check if we should limit by maximum payload
810 			 * length:
811 			 */
812 			if (if_hw_tsomax != 0) {
813 				/* compute maximum TSO length */
814 				max_len = (if_hw_tsomax - hdrlen);
815 				if (max_len <= 0) {
816 					len = 0;
817 				} else if (len > max_len) {
818 					sendalot = 1;
819 					len = max_len;
820 				}
821 			}
822 
823 			/*
824 			 * Check if we should limit by maximum segment
825 			 * size and count:
826 			 */
827 			if (if_hw_tsomaxsegcount != 0 &&
828 			    if_hw_tsomaxsegsize != 0) {
829 				max_len = 0;
830 				mb = sbsndmbuf(&so->so_snd, off, &moff);
831 
832 				while (mb != NULL && max_len < len) {
833 					u_int mlen;
834 					u_int frags;
835 
836 					/*
837 					 * Get length of mbuf fragment
838 					 * and how many hardware frags,
839 					 * rounded up, it would use:
840 					 */
841 					mlen = (mb->m_len - moff);
842 					frags = howmany(mlen,
843 					    if_hw_tsomaxsegsize);
844 
845 					/* Handle special case: Zero Length Mbuf */
846 					if (frags == 0)
847 						frags = 1;
848 
849 					/*
850 					 * Check if the fragment limit
851 					 * will be reached or exceeded:
852 					 */
853 					if (frags >= if_hw_tsomaxsegcount) {
854 						max_len += min(mlen,
855 						    if_hw_tsomaxsegcount *
856 						    if_hw_tsomaxsegsize);
857 						break;
858 					}
859 					max_len += mlen;
860 					if_hw_tsomaxsegcount -= frags;
861 					moff = 0;
862 					mb = mb->m_next;
863 				}
864 				if (max_len <= 0) {
865 					len = 0;
866 				} else if (len > max_len) {
867 					sendalot = 1;
868 					len = max_len;
869 				}
870 			}
871 
872 			/*
873 			 * Prevent the last segment from being
874 			 * fractional unless the send sockbuf can be
875 			 * emptied:
876 			 */
877 			max_len = (tp->t_maxopd - optlen);
878 			if ((off + len) < sbavail(&so->so_snd)) {
879 				moff = len % max_len;
880 				if (moff != 0) {
881 					len -= moff;
882 					sendalot = 1;
883 				}
884 			}
885 
886 			/*
887 			 * In case there are too many small fragments
888 			 * don't use TSO:
889 			 */
890 			if (len <= max_len) {
891 				len = max_len;
892 				sendalot = 1;
893 				tso = 0;
894 			}
895 
896 			/*
897 			 * Send the FIN in a separate segment
898 			 * after the bulk sending is done.
899 			 * We don't trust the TSO implementations
900 			 * to clear the FIN flag on all but the
901 			 * last segment.
902 			 */
903 			if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
904 				sendalot = 1;
905 
906 		} else {
907 			len = tp->t_maxopd - optlen - ipoptlen;
908 			sendalot = 1;
909 		}
910 	} else
911 		tso = 0;
912 
913 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen + ipoptlen <= IP_MAXPACKET,
914 	    ("%s: len > IP_MAXPACKET", __func__));
915 
916 /*#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC*/
917 #ifdef INET6
918 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MCLBYTES)
919 #else
920 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MHLEN)
921 #endif
922 		panic("tcphdr too big");
923 /*#endif*/
924 
925 	/*
926 	 * This KASSERT is here to catch edge cases at a well defined place.
927 	 * Before, those had triggered (random) panic conditions further down.
928 	 */
929 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
930 
931 	/*
932 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
933 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
934 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
935 	 */
936 	if (len) {
937 		struct mbuf *mb;
938 		u_int moff;
939 
940 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) && len == 1)
941 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndprobe);
942 		else if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max) || sack_rxmit) {
943 			tp->t_sndrexmitpack++;
944 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndrexmitpack);
945 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndrexmitbyte, len);
946 		} else {
947 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndpack);
948 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndbyte, len);
949 		}
950 #ifdef INET6
951 		if (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr)
952 			m = m_getcl(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA, M_PKTHDR);
953 		else
954 #endif
955 			m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
956 
957 		if (m == NULL) {
958 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
959 			error = ENOBUFS;
960 			sack_rxmit = 0;
961 			goto out;
962 		}
963 
964 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
965 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
966 
967 		/*
968 		 * Start the m_copy functions from the closest mbuf
969 		 * to the offset in the socket buffer chain.
970 		 */
971 		mb = sbsndptr(&so->so_snd, off, len, &moff);
972 
973 		if (len <= MHLEN - hdrlen - max_linkhdr) {
974 			m_copydata(mb, moff, (int)len,
975 			    mtod(m, caddr_t) + hdrlen);
976 			m->m_len += len;
977 		} else {
978 			m->m_next = m_copy(mb, moff, (int)len);
979 			if (m->m_next == NULL) {
980 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
981 				(void) m_free(m);
982 				error = ENOBUFS;
983 				sack_rxmit = 0;
984 				goto out;
985 			}
986 		}
987 
988 		/*
989 		 * If we're sending everything we've got, set PUSH.
990 		 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
991 		 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or
992 		 * a PUSH comes in.)
993 		 */
994 		if (off + len == sbused(&so->so_snd))
995 			flags |= TH_PUSH;
996 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
997 	} else {
998 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
999 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
1000 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndacks);
1001 		else if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN|TH_RST))
1002 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndctrl);
1003 		else if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
1004 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndurg);
1005 		else
1006 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndwinup);
1007 
1008 		m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1009 		if (m == NULL) {
1010 			error = ENOBUFS;
1011 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1012 			goto out;
1013 		}
1014 #ifdef INET6
1015 		if (isipv6 && (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr) &&
1016 		    MHLEN >= hdrlen) {
1017 			M_ALIGN(m, hdrlen);
1018 		} else
1019 #endif
1020 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1021 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1022 	}
1023 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
1024 	m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = (struct ifnet *)0;
1025 #ifdef MAC
1026 	mac_inpcb_create_mbuf(tp->t_inpcb, m);
1027 #endif
1028 #ifdef INET6
1029 	if (isipv6) {
1030 		ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
1031 		th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip6 + 1);
1032 		tcpip_fillheaders(tp->t_inpcb, ip6, th);
1033 	} else
1034 #endif /* INET6 */
1035 	{
1036 		ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
1037 		ipov = (struct ipovly *)ip;
1038 		th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip + 1);
1039 		tcpip_fillheaders(tp->t_inpcb, ip, th);
1040 	}
1041 
1042 	/*
1043 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
1044 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
1045 	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
1046 	 */
1047 	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN &&
1048 	    tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_max)
1049 		tp->snd_nxt--;
1050 	/*
1051 	 * If we are starting a connection, send ECN setup
1052 	 * SYN packet. If we are on a retransmit, we may
1053 	 * resend those bits a number of times as per
1054 	 * RFC 3168.
1055 	 */
1056 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT && V_tcp_do_ecn) {
1057 		if (tp->t_rxtshift >= 1) {
1058 			if (tp->t_rxtshift <= V_tcp_ecn_maxretries)
1059 				flags |= TH_ECE|TH_CWR;
1060 		} else
1061 			flags |= TH_ECE|TH_CWR;
1062 	}
1063 
1064 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_ESTABLISHED &&
1065 	    (tp->t_flags & TF_ECN_PERMIT)) {
1066 		/*
1067 		 * If the peer has ECN, mark data packets with
1068 		 * ECN capable transmission (ECT).
1069 		 * Ignore pure ack packets, retransmissions and window probes.
1070 		 */
1071 		if (len > 0 && SEQ_GEQ(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max) &&
1072 		    !((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) && len == 1)) {
1073 #ifdef INET6
1074 			if (isipv6)
1075 				ip6->ip6_flow |= htonl(IPTOS_ECN_ECT0 << 20);
1076 			else
1077 #endif
1078 				ip->ip_tos |= IPTOS_ECN_ECT0;
1079 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_ecn_ect0);
1080 		}
1081 
1082 		/*
1083 		 * Reply with proper ECN notifications.
1084 		 */
1085 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ECN_SND_CWR) {
1086 			flags |= TH_CWR;
1087 			tp->t_flags &= ~TF_ECN_SND_CWR;
1088 		}
1089 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ECN_SND_ECE)
1090 			flags |= TH_ECE;
1091 	}
1092 
1093 	/*
1094 	 * If we are doing retransmissions, then snd_nxt will
1095 	 * not reflect the first unsent octet.  For ACK only
1096 	 * packets, we do not want the sequence number of the
1097 	 * retransmitted packet, we want the sequence number
1098 	 * of the next unsent octet.  So, if there is no data
1099 	 * (and no SYN or FIN), use snd_max instead of snd_nxt
1100 	 * when filling in ti_seq.  But if we are in persist
1101 	 * state, snd_max might reflect one byte beyond the
1102 	 * right edge of the window, so use snd_nxt in that
1103 	 * case, since we know we aren't doing a retransmission.
1104 	 * (retransmit and persist are mutually exclusive...)
1105 	 */
1106 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
1107 		if (len || (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) ||
1108 		    tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
1109 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
1110 		else
1111 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_max);
1112 	} else {
1113 		th->th_seq = htonl(p->rxmit);
1114 		p->rxmit += len;
1115 		tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit += len;
1116 	}
1117 	th->th_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
1118 	if (optlen) {
1119 		bcopy(opt, th + 1, optlen);
1120 		th->th_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
1121 	}
1122 	th->th_flags = flags;
1123 	/*
1124 	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
1125 	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
1126 	 */
1127 	if (recwin < (long)(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) &&
1128 	    recwin < (long)tp->t_maxseg)
1129 		recwin = 0;
1130 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt) &&
1131 	    recwin < (long)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
1132 		recwin = (long)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
1133 	if (recwin > (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale)
1134 		recwin = (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale;
1135 
1136 	/*
1137 	 * According to RFC1323 the window field in a SYN (i.e., a <SYN>
1138 	 * or <SYN,ACK>) segment itself is never scaled.  The <SYN,ACK>
1139 	 * case is handled in syncache.
1140 	 */
1141 	if (flags & TH_SYN)
1142 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)
1143 				(min(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), TCP_MAXWIN)));
1144 	else
1145 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)(recwin >> tp->rcv_scale));
1146 
1147 	/*
1148 	 * Adjust the RXWIN0SENT flag - indicate that we have advertised
1149 	 * a 0 window.  This may cause the remote transmitter to stall.  This
1150 	 * flag tells soreceive() to disable delayed acknowledgements when
1151 	 * draining the buffer.  This can occur if the receiver is attempting
1152 	 * to read more data than can be buffered prior to transmitting on
1153 	 * the connection.
1154 	 */
1155 	if (th->th_win == 0) {
1156 		tp->t_sndzerowin++;
1157 		tp->t_flags |= TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1158 	} else
1159 		tp->t_flags &= ~TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1160 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
1161 		th->th_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
1162 		th->th_flags |= TH_URG;
1163 	} else
1164 		/*
1165 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
1166 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
1167 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
1168 		 * number wraparound.
1169 		 */
1170 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
1171 
1172 #ifdef TCP_SIGNATURE
1173 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) {
1174 		int sigoff = to.to_signature - opt;
1175 		tcp_signature_compute(m, 0, len, optlen,
1176 		    (u_char *)(th + 1) + sigoff, IPSEC_DIR_OUTBOUND);
1177 	}
1178 #endif
1179 
1180 	/*
1181 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
1182 	 * checksum extended header and data.
1183 	 */
1184 	m->m_pkthdr.len = hdrlen + len; /* in6_cksum() need this */
1185 	m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1186 #ifdef INET6
1187 	if (isipv6) {
1188 		/*
1189 		 * ip6_plen is not need to be filled now, and will be filled
1190 		 * in ip6_output.
1191 		 */
1192 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP_IPV6;
1193 		th->th_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6, sizeof(struct tcphdr) +
1194 		    optlen + len, IPPROTO_TCP, 0);
1195 	}
1196 #endif
1197 #if defined(INET6) && defined(INET)
1198 	else
1199 #endif
1200 #ifdef INET
1201 	{
1202 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP;
1203 		th->th_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr, ip->ip_dst.s_addr,
1204 		    htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr) + IPPROTO_TCP + len + optlen));
1205 
1206 		/* IP version must be set here for ipv4/ipv6 checking later */
1207 		KASSERT(ip->ip_v == IPVERSION,
1208 		    ("%s: IP version incorrect: %d", __func__, ip->ip_v));
1209 	}
1210 #endif
1211 
1212 	/*
1213 	 * Enable TSO and specify the size of the segments.
1214 	 * The TCP pseudo header checksum is always provided.
1215 	 * XXX: Fixme: This is currently not the case for IPv6.
1216 	 */
1217 	if (tso) {
1218 		KASSERT(len > tp->t_maxopd - optlen,
1219 		    ("%s: len <= tso_segsz", __func__));
1220 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |= CSUM_TSO;
1221 		m->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz = tp->t_maxopd - optlen;
1222 	}
1223 
1224 #ifdef IPSEC
1225 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen + ipoptlen - ipsec_optlen == m_length(m, NULL),
1226 	    ("%s: mbuf chain shorter than expected: %ld + %u + %u - %u != %u",
1227 	    __func__, len, hdrlen, ipoptlen, ipsec_optlen, m_length(m, NULL)));
1228 #else
1229 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen + ipoptlen == m_length(m, NULL),
1230 	    ("%s: mbuf chain shorter than expected: %ld + %u + %u != %u",
1231 	    __func__, len, hdrlen, ipoptlen, m_length(m, NULL)));
1232 #endif
1233 
1234 	/* Run HHOOK_TCP_ESTABLISHED_OUT helper hooks. */
1235 	hhook_run_tcp_est_out(tp, th, &to, len, tso);
1236 
1237 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
1238 	/*
1239 	 * Trace.
1240 	 */
1241 	if (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG) {
1242 		u_short save = 0;
1243 #ifdef INET6
1244 		if (!isipv6)
1245 #endif
1246 		{
1247 			save = ipov->ih_len;
1248 			ipov->ih_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len /* - hdrlen + (th->th_off << 2) */);
1249 		}
1250 		tcp_trace(TA_OUTPUT, tp->t_state, tp, mtod(m, void *), th, 0);
1251 #ifdef INET6
1252 		if (!isipv6)
1253 #endif
1254 		ipov->ih_len = save;
1255 	}
1256 #endif /* TCPDEBUG */
1257 
1258 	/*
1259 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
1260 	 * send to IP level.  There should be a better way
1261 	 * to handle ttl and tos; we could keep them in
1262 	 * the template, but need a way to checksum without them.
1263 	 */
1264 	/*
1265 	 * m->m_pkthdr.len should have been set before checksum calculation,
1266 	 * because in6_cksum() need it.
1267 	 */
1268 #ifdef INET6
1269 	if (isipv6) {
1270 		struct route_in6 ro;
1271 
1272 		bzero(&ro, sizeof(ro));
1273 		/*
1274 		 * we separately set hoplimit for every segment, since the
1275 		 * user might want to change the value via setsockopt.
1276 		 * Also, desired default hop limit might be changed via
1277 		 * Neighbor Discovery.
1278 		 */
1279 		ip6->ip6_hlim = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb, NULL);
1280 
1281 		/*
1282 		 * Set the packet size here for the benefit of DTrace probes.
1283 		 * ip6_output() will set it properly; it's supposed to include
1284 		 * the option header lengths as well.
1285 		 */
1286 		ip6->ip6_plen = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len - sizeof(*ip6));
1287 
1288 		if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxopd > V_tcp_minmss)
1289 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1290 		else
1291 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1292 
1293 		if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1294 			TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1295 
1296 		TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1297 
1298 		/* TODO: IPv6 IP6TOS_ECT bit on */
1299 		error = ip6_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->in6p_outputopts, &ro,
1300 		    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ?  IP_ROUTETOIF : 0),
1301 		    NULL, NULL, tp->t_inpcb);
1302 
1303 		if (error == EMSGSIZE && ro.ro_rt != NULL)
1304 			mtu = ro.ro_rt->rt_mtu;
1305 		RO_RTFREE(&ro);
1306 	}
1307 #endif /* INET6 */
1308 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
1309 	else
1310 #endif
1311 #ifdef INET
1312     {
1313 	struct route ro;
1314 
1315 	bzero(&ro, sizeof(ro));
1316 	ip->ip_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len);
1317 #ifdef INET6
1318 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6PROTO)
1319 		ip->ip_ttl = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb, NULL);
1320 #endif /* INET6 */
1321 	/*
1322 	 * If we do path MTU discovery, then we set DF on every packet.
1323 	 * This might not be the best thing to do according to RFC3390
1324 	 * Section 2. However the tcp hostcache migitates the problem
1325 	 * so it affects only the first tcp connection with a host.
1326 	 *
1327 	 * NB: Don't set DF on small MTU/MSS to have a safe fallback.
1328 	 */
1329 	if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxopd > V_tcp_minmss) {
1330 		ip->ip_off |= htons(IP_DF);
1331 		tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1332 	} else {
1333 		tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1334 	}
1335 
1336 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1337 		TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1338 
1339 	TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1340 
1341 	error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, &ro,
1342 	    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ? IP_ROUTETOIF : 0), 0,
1343 	    tp->t_inpcb);
1344 
1345 	if (error == EMSGSIZE && ro.ro_rt != NULL)
1346 		mtu = ro.ro_rt->rt_mtu;
1347 	RO_RTFREE(&ro);
1348     }
1349 #endif /* INET */
1350 
1351 out:
1352 	/*
1353 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
1354 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
1355 	 */
1356 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1357 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1358 		tcp_seq startseq = tp->snd_nxt;
1359 
1360 		/*
1361 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
1362 		 */
1363 		if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) {
1364 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
1365 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1366 			if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1367 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1368 				tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1369 			}
1370 		}
1371 		if (sack_rxmit)
1372 			goto timer;
1373 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
1374 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
1375 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
1376 			/*
1377 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
1378 			 * not currently timing anything.
1379 			 */
1380 			if (tp->t_rtttime == 0) {
1381 				tp->t_rtttime = ticks;
1382 				tp->t_rtseq = startseq;
1383 				TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_segstimed);
1384 			}
1385 		}
1386 
1387 		/*
1388 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
1389 		 * and not doing a pure ack or a keep-alive probe.
1390 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
1391 		 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
1392 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
1393 		 * of retransmit time.
1394 		 */
1395 timer:
1396 		if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1397 		    ((sack_rxmit && tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max) ||
1398 		     (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))) {
1399 			if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1400 				tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
1401 				tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1402 			}
1403 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, tp->t_rxtcur);
1404 		} else if (len == 0 && sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
1405 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1406 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1407 			/*
1408 			 * Avoid a situation where we do not set persist timer
1409 			 * after a zero window condition. For example:
1410 			 * 1) A -> B: packet with enough data to fill the window
1411 			 * 2) B -> A: ACK for #1 + new data (0 window
1412 			 *    advertisement)
1413 			 * 3) A -> B: ACK for #2, 0 len packet
1414 			 *
1415 			 * In this case, A will not activate the persist timer,
1416 			 * because it chose to send a packet. Unless tcp_output
1417 			 * is called for some other reason (delayed ack timer,
1418 			 * another input packet from B, socket syscall), A will
1419 			 * not send zero window probes.
1420 			 *
1421 			 * So, if you send a 0-length packet, but there is data
1422 			 * in the socket buffer, and neither the rexmt or
1423 			 * persist timer is already set, then activate the
1424 			 * persist timer.
1425 			 */
1426 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1427 			tcp_setpersist(tp);
1428 		}
1429 	} else {
1430 		/*
1431 		 * Persist case, update snd_max but since we are in
1432 		 * persist mode (no window) we do not update snd_nxt.
1433 		 */
1434 		int xlen = len;
1435 		if (flags & TH_SYN)
1436 			++xlen;
1437 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1438 			++xlen;
1439 			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1440 		}
1441 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + xlen, tp->snd_max))
1442 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + len;
1443 	}
1444 
1445 	if (error) {
1446 
1447 		/*
1448 		 * We know that the packet was lost, so back out the
1449 		 * sequence number advance, if any.
1450 		 *
1451 		 * If the error is EPERM the packet got blocked by the
1452 		 * local firewall.  Normally we should terminate the
1453 		 * connection but the blocking may have been spurious
1454 		 * due to a firewall reconfiguration cycle.  So we treat
1455 		 * it like a packet loss and let the retransmit timer and
1456 		 * timeouts do their work over time.
1457 		 * XXX: It is a POLA question whether calling tcp_drop right
1458 		 * away would be the really correct behavior instead.
1459 		 */
1460 		if (((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1461 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) &&
1462 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) == 0) &&
1463 		    (error != EPERM)) {
1464 			if (sack_rxmit) {
1465 				p->rxmit -= len;
1466 				tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit -= len;
1467 				KASSERT(tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit >= 0,
1468 				    ("sackhint bytes rtx >= 0"));
1469 			} else
1470 				tp->snd_nxt -= len;
1471 		}
1472 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);	/* Check gotos. */
1473 		switch (error) {
1474 		case EPERM:
1475 			tp->t_softerror = error;
1476 			return (error);
1477 		case ENOBUFS:
1478 	                if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1479 			    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
1480 	                        tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, tp->t_rxtcur);
1481 			tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
1482 			return (0);
1483 		case EMSGSIZE:
1484 			/*
1485 			 * For some reason the interface we used initially
1486 			 * to send segments changed to another or lowered
1487 			 * its MTU.
1488 			 * If TSO was active we either got an interface
1489 			 * without TSO capabilits or TSO was turned off.
1490 			 * If we obtained mtu from ip_output() then update
1491 			 * it and try again.
1492 			 */
1493 			if (tso)
1494 				tp->t_flags &= ~TF_TSO;
1495 			if (mtu != 0) {
1496 				tcp_mss_update(tp, -1, mtu, NULL, NULL);
1497 				goto again;
1498 			}
1499 			return (error);
1500 		case EHOSTDOWN:
1501 		case EHOSTUNREACH:
1502 		case ENETDOWN:
1503 		case ENETUNREACH:
1504 			if (TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) {
1505 				tp->t_softerror = error;
1506 				return (0);
1507 			}
1508 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1509 		default:
1510 			return (error);
1511 		}
1512 	}
1513 	TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndtotal);
1514 
1515 	/*
1516 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
1517 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
1518 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
1519 	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
1520 	 */
1521 	if (recwin >= 0 && SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt + recwin, tp->rcv_adv))
1522 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + recwin;
1523 	tp->last_ack_sent = tp->rcv_nxt;
1524 	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW | TF_DELACK);
1525 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_DELACK))
1526 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_DELACK, 0);
1527 #if 0
1528 	/*
1529 	 * This completely breaks TCP if newreno is turned on.  What happens
1530 	 * is that if delayed-acks are turned on on the receiver, this code
1531 	 * on the transmitter effectively destroys the TCP window, forcing
1532 	 * it to four packets (1.5Kx4 = 6K window).
1533 	 */
1534 	if (sendalot && --maxburst)
1535 		goto again;
1536 #endif
1537 	if (sendalot)
1538 		goto again;
1539 	return (0);
1540 }
1541 
1542 void
1543 tcp_setpersist(struct tcpcb *tp)
1544 {
1545 	int t = ((tp->t_srtt >> 2) + tp->t_rttvar) >> 1;
1546 	int tt;
1547 
1548 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_PREVVALID;
1549 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT))
1550 		panic("tcp_setpersist: retransmit pending");
1551 	/*
1552 	 * Start/restart persistance timer.
1553 	 */
1554 	TCPT_RANGESET(tt, t * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift],
1555 		      TCPTV_PERSMIN, TCPTV_PERSMAX);
1556 	tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, tt);
1557 	if (tp->t_rxtshift < TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
1558 		tp->t_rxtshift++;
1559 }
1560 
1561 /*
1562  * Insert TCP options according to the supplied parameters to the place
1563  * optp in a consistent way.  Can handle unaligned destinations.
1564  *
1565  * The order of the option processing is crucial for optimal packing and
1566  * alignment for the scarce option space.
1567  *
1568  * The optimal order for a SYN/SYN-ACK segment is:
1569  *   MSS (4) + NOP (1) + Window scale (3) + SACK permitted (2) +
1570  *   Timestamp (10) + Signature (18) = 38 bytes out of a maximum of 40.
1571  *
1572  * The SACK options should be last.  SACK blocks consume 8*n+2 bytes.
1573  * So a full size SACK blocks option is 34 bytes (with 4 SACK blocks).
1574  * At minimum we need 10 bytes (to generate 1 SACK block).  If both
1575  * TCP Timestamps (12 bytes) and TCP Signatures (18 bytes) are present,
1576  * we only have 10 bytes for SACK options (40 - (12 + 18)).
1577  */
1578 int
1579 tcp_addoptions(struct tcpopt *to, u_char *optp)
1580 {
1581 	u_int mask, optlen = 0;
1582 
1583 	for (mask = 1; mask < TOF_MAXOPT; mask <<= 1) {
1584 		if ((to->to_flags & mask) != mask)
1585 			continue;
1586 		if (optlen == TCP_MAXOLEN)
1587 			break;
1588 		switch (to->to_flags & mask) {
1589 		case TOF_MSS:
1590 			while (optlen % 4) {
1591 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1592 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1593 			}
1594 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_MAXSEG)
1595 				continue;
1596 			optlen += TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1597 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_MAXSEG;
1598 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1599 			to->to_mss = htons(to->to_mss);
1600 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_mss, optp, sizeof(to->to_mss));
1601 			optp += sizeof(to->to_mss);
1602 			break;
1603 		case TOF_SCALE:
1604 			while (!optlen || optlen % 2 != 1) {
1605 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1606 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1607 			}
1608 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_WINDOW)
1609 				continue;
1610 			optlen += TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1611 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_WINDOW;
1612 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1613 			*optp++ = to->to_wscale;
1614 			break;
1615 		case TOF_SACKPERM:
1616 			while (optlen % 2) {
1617 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1618 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1619 			}
1620 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED)
1621 				continue;
1622 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1623 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK_PERMITTED;
1624 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1625 			break;
1626 		case TOF_TS:
1627 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1628 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1629 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1630 			}
1631 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP)
1632 				continue;
1633 			optlen += TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1634 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_TIMESTAMP;
1635 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1636 			to->to_tsval = htonl(to->to_tsval);
1637 			to->to_tsecr = htonl(to->to_tsecr);
1638 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsval, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsval));
1639 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsval);
1640 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsecr, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsecr));
1641 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsecr);
1642 			break;
1643 		case TOF_SIGNATURE:
1644 			{
1645 			int siglen = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE - 2;
1646 
1647 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1648 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1649 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1650 			}
1651 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE)
1652 				continue;
1653 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1654 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SIGNATURE;
1655 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1656 			to->to_signature = optp;
1657 			while (siglen--)
1658 				 *optp++ = 0;
1659 			break;
1660 			}
1661 		case TOF_SACK:
1662 			{
1663 			int sackblks = 0;
1664 			struct sackblk *sack = (struct sackblk *)to->to_sacks;
1665 			tcp_seq sack_seq;
1666 
1667 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1668 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1669 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1670 			}
1671 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + TCPOLEN_SACK)
1672 				continue;
1673 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACKHDR;
1674 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK;
1675 			sackblks = min(to->to_nsacks,
1676 					(TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen) / TCPOLEN_SACK);
1677 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + sackblks * TCPOLEN_SACK;
1678 			while (sackblks--) {
1679 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->start);
1680 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1681 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1682 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->end);
1683 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1684 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1685 				optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK;
1686 				sack++;
1687 			}
1688 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_send_blocks);
1689 			break;
1690 			}
1691 		default:
1692 			panic("%s: unknown TCP option type", __func__);
1693 			break;
1694 		}
1695 	}
1696 
1697 	/* Terminate and pad TCP options to a 4 byte boundary. */
1698 	if (optlen % 4) {
1699 		optlen += TCPOLEN_EOL;
1700 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
1701 	}
1702 	/*
1703 	 * According to RFC 793 (STD0007):
1704 	 *   "The content of the header beyond the End-of-Option option
1705 	 *    must be header padding (i.e., zero)."
1706 	 *   and later: "The padding is composed of zeros."
1707 	 */
1708 	while (optlen % 4) {
1709 		optlen += TCPOLEN_PAD;
1710 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_PAD;
1711 	}
1712 
1713 	KASSERT(optlen <= TCP_MAXOLEN, ("%s: TCP options too long", __func__));
1714 	return (optlen);
1715 }
1716