xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/ip_carp.c (revision 349cc55c9796c4596a5b9904cd3281af295f878f)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 Michael Shalayeff.
5  * Copyright (c) 2003 Ryan McBride.
6  * Copyright (c) 2011 Gleb Smirnoff <glebius@FreeBSD.org>
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
20  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
21  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR HIS RELATIVES BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
22  * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
23  * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
24  * SERVICES; LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
26  * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
27  * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
28  * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
33 
34 #include "opt_bpf.h"
35 #include "opt_inet.h"
36 #include "opt_inet6.h"
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/systm.h>
40 #include <sys/devctl.h>
41 #include <sys/jail.h>
42 #include <sys/kernel.h>
43 #include <sys/limits.h>
44 #include <sys/malloc.h>
45 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
46 #include <sys/module.h>
47 #include <sys/priv.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/protosw.h>
50 #include <sys/socket.h>
51 #include <sys/sockio.h>
52 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 #include <sys/syslog.h>
54 #include <sys/taskqueue.h>
55 #include <sys/counter.h>
56 
57 #include <net/ethernet.h>
58 #include <net/if.h>
59 #include <net/if_var.h>
60 #include <net/if_dl.h>
61 #include <net/if_llatbl.h>
62 #include <net/if_types.h>
63 #include <net/route.h>
64 #include <net/vnet.h>
65 
66 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
67 #include <netinet/in.h>
68 #include <netinet/in_var.h>
69 #include <netinet/ip_carp.h>
70 #include <netinet/ip.h>
71 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
72 #endif
73 #ifdef INET
74 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
75 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
76 #endif
77 
78 #ifdef INET6
79 #include <netinet/icmp6.h>
80 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
81 #include <netinet6/in6_var.h>
82 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
83 #include <netinet6/scope6_var.h>
84 #include <netinet6/nd6.h>
85 #endif
86 
87 #include <crypto/sha1.h>
88 
89 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_CARP, "CARP", "CARP addresses");
90 
91 struct carp_softc {
92 	struct ifnet		*sc_carpdev;	/* Pointer to parent ifnet. */
93 	struct ifaddr		**sc_ifas;	/* Our ifaddrs. */
94 	struct sockaddr_dl	sc_addr;	/* Our link level address. */
95 	struct callout		sc_ad_tmo;	/* Advertising timeout. */
96 #ifdef INET
97 	struct callout		sc_md_tmo;	/* Master down timeout. */
98 #endif
99 #ifdef INET6
100 	struct callout 		sc_md6_tmo;	/* XXX: Master down timeout. */
101 #endif
102 	struct mtx		sc_mtx;
103 
104 	int			sc_vhid;
105 	int			sc_advskew;
106 	int			sc_advbase;
107 
108 	int			sc_naddrs;
109 	int			sc_naddrs6;
110 	int			sc_ifasiz;
111 	enum { INIT = 0, BACKUP, MASTER }	sc_state;
112 	int			sc_suppress;
113 	int			sc_sendad_errors;
114 #define	CARP_SENDAD_MAX_ERRORS	3
115 	int			sc_sendad_success;
116 #define	CARP_SENDAD_MIN_SUCCESS 3
117 
118 	int			sc_init_counter;
119 	uint64_t		sc_counter;
120 
121 	/* authentication */
122 #define	CARP_HMAC_PAD	64
123 	unsigned char sc_key[CARP_KEY_LEN];
124 	unsigned char sc_pad[CARP_HMAC_PAD];
125 	SHA1_CTX sc_sha1;
126 
127 	TAILQ_ENTRY(carp_softc)	sc_list;	/* On the carp_if list. */
128 	LIST_ENTRY(carp_softc)	sc_next;	/* On the global list. */
129 };
130 
131 struct carp_if {
132 #ifdef INET
133 	int	cif_naddrs;
134 #endif
135 #ifdef INET6
136 	int	cif_naddrs6;
137 #endif
138 	TAILQ_HEAD(, carp_softc) cif_vrs;
139 #ifdef INET
140 	struct ip_moptions 	 cif_imo;
141 #endif
142 #ifdef INET6
143 	struct ip6_moptions 	 cif_im6o;
144 #endif
145 	struct ifnet	*cif_ifp;
146 	struct mtx	cif_mtx;
147 	uint32_t	cif_flags;
148 #define	CIF_PROMISC	0x00000001
149 };
150 
151 #define	CARP_INET	0
152 #define	CARP_INET6	1
153 static int proto_reg[] = {-1, -1};
154 
155 /*
156  * Brief design of carp(4).
157  *
158  * Any carp-capable ifnet may have a list of carp softcs hanging off
159  * its ifp->if_carp pointer. Each softc represents one unique virtual
160  * host id, or vhid. The softc has a back pointer to the ifnet. All
161  * softcs are joined in a global list, which has quite limited use.
162  *
163  * Any interface address that takes part in CARP negotiation has a
164  * pointer to the softc of its vhid, ifa->ifa_carp. That could be either
165  * AF_INET or AF_INET6 address.
166  *
167  * Although, one can get the softc's backpointer to ifnet and traverse
168  * through its ifp->if_addrhead queue to find all interface addresses
169  * involved in CARP, we keep a growable array of ifaddr pointers. This
170  * allows us to avoid grabbing the IF_ADDR_LOCK() in many traversals that
171  * do calls into the network stack, thus avoiding LORs.
172  *
173  * Locking:
174  *
175  * Each softc has a lock sc_mtx. It is used to synchronise carp_input_c(),
176  * callout-driven events and ioctl()s.
177  *
178  * To traverse the list of softcs on an ifnet we use CIF_LOCK() or carp_sx.
179  * To traverse the global list we use the mutex carp_mtx.
180  *
181  * Known issues with locking:
182  *
183  * - Sending ad, we put the pointer to the softc in an mtag, and no reference
184  *   counting is done on the softc.
185  * - On module unload we may race (?) with packet processing thread
186  *   dereferencing our function pointers.
187  */
188 
189 /* Accept incoming CARP packets. */
190 VNET_DEFINE_STATIC(int, carp_allow) = 1;
191 #define	V_carp_allow	VNET(carp_allow)
192 
193 /* Set DSCP in outgoing CARP packets. */
194 VNET_DEFINE_STATIC(int, carp_dscp) = 56;
195 #define	V_carp_dscp	VNET(carp_dscp)
196 
197 /* Preempt slower nodes. */
198 VNET_DEFINE_STATIC(int, carp_preempt) = 0;
199 #define	V_carp_preempt	VNET(carp_preempt)
200 
201 /* Log level. */
202 VNET_DEFINE_STATIC(int, carp_log) = 1;
203 #define	V_carp_log	VNET(carp_log)
204 
205 /* Global advskew demotion. */
206 VNET_DEFINE_STATIC(int, carp_demotion) = 0;
207 #define	V_carp_demotion	VNET(carp_demotion)
208 
209 /* Send error demotion factor. */
210 VNET_DEFINE_STATIC(int, carp_senderr_adj) = CARP_MAXSKEW;
211 #define	V_carp_senderr_adj	VNET(carp_senderr_adj)
212 
213 /* Iface down demotion factor. */
214 VNET_DEFINE_STATIC(int, carp_ifdown_adj) = CARP_MAXSKEW;
215 #define	V_carp_ifdown_adj	VNET(carp_ifdown_adj)
216 
217 static int carp_allow_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
218 static int carp_dscp_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
219 static int carp_demote_adj_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
220 
221 SYSCTL_NODE(_net_inet, IPPROTO_CARP, carp, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0,
222     "CARP");
223 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_carp, OID_AUTO, allow,
224     CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
225     0, 0, carp_allow_sysctl, "I",
226     "Accept incoming CARP packets");
227 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_carp, OID_AUTO, dscp,
228     CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
229     0, 0, carp_dscp_sysctl, "I",
230     "DSCP value for carp packets");
231 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_carp, OID_AUTO, preempt, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
232     &VNET_NAME(carp_preempt), 0, "High-priority backup preemption mode");
233 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_carp, OID_AUTO, log, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
234     &VNET_NAME(carp_log), 0, "CARP log level");
235 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_carp, OID_AUTO, demotion,
236     CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
237     0, 0, carp_demote_adj_sysctl, "I",
238     "Adjust demotion factor (skew of advskew)");
239 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_carp, OID_AUTO, senderr_demotion_factor,
240     CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
241     &VNET_NAME(carp_senderr_adj), 0, "Send error demotion factor adjustment");
242 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_carp, OID_AUTO, ifdown_demotion_factor,
243     CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
244     &VNET_NAME(carp_ifdown_adj), 0,
245     "Interface down demotion factor adjustment");
246 
247 VNET_PCPUSTAT_DEFINE(struct carpstats, carpstats);
248 VNET_PCPUSTAT_SYSINIT(carpstats);
249 VNET_PCPUSTAT_SYSUNINIT(carpstats);
250 
251 #define	CARPSTATS_ADD(name, val)	\
252     counter_u64_add(VNET(carpstats)[offsetof(struct carpstats, name) / \
253 	sizeof(uint64_t)], (val))
254 #define	CARPSTATS_INC(name)		CARPSTATS_ADD(name, 1)
255 
256 SYSCTL_VNET_PCPUSTAT(_net_inet_carp, OID_AUTO, stats, struct carpstats,
257     carpstats, "CARP statistics (struct carpstats, netinet/ip_carp.h)");
258 
259 #define	CARP_LOCK_INIT(sc)	mtx_init(&(sc)->sc_mtx, "carp_softc",   \
260 	NULL, MTX_DEF)
261 #define	CARP_LOCK_DESTROY(sc)	mtx_destroy(&(sc)->sc_mtx)
262 #define	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc)	mtx_assert(&(sc)->sc_mtx, MA_OWNED)
263 #define	CARP_LOCK(sc)		mtx_lock(&(sc)->sc_mtx)
264 #define	CARP_UNLOCK(sc)		mtx_unlock(&(sc)->sc_mtx)
265 #define	CIF_LOCK_INIT(cif)	mtx_init(&(cif)->cif_mtx, "carp_if",   \
266 	NULL, MTX_DEF)
267 #define	CIF_LOCK_DESTROY(cif)	mtx_destroy(&(cif)->cif_mtx)
268 #define	CIF_LOCK_ASSERT(cif)	mtx_assert(&(cif)->cif_mtx, MA_OWNED)
269 #define	CIF_LOCK(cif)		mtx_lock(&(cif)->cif_mtx)
270 #define	CIF_UNLOCK(cif)		mtx_unlock(&(cif)->cif_mtx)
271 #define	CIF_FREE(cif)	do {				\
272 		CIF_LOCK(cif);				\
273 		if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&(cif)->cif_vrs))	\
274 			carp_free_if(cif);		\
275 		else					\
276 			CIF_UNLOCK(cif);		\
277 } while (0)
278 
279 #define	CARP_LOG(...)	do {				\
280 	if (V_carp_log > 0)				\
281 		log(LOG_INFO, "carp: " __VA_ARGS__);	\
282 } while (0)
283 
284 #define	CARP_DEBUG(...)	do {				\
285 	if (V_carp_log > 1)				\
286 		log(LOG_DEBUG, __VA_ARGS__);		\
287 } while (0)
288 
289 #define	IFNET_FOREACH_IFA(ifp, ifa)					\
290 	CK_STAILQ_FOREACH((ifa), &(ifp)->if_addrhead, ifa_link)	\
291 		if ((ifa)->ifa_carp != NULL)
292 
293 #define	CARP_FOREACH_IFA(sc, ifa)					\
294 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);						\
295 	for (int _i = 0;						\
296 		_i < (sc)->sc_naddrs + (sc)->sc_naddrs6 &&		\
297 		((ifa) = sc->sc_ifas[_i]) != NULL;			\
298 		++_i)
299 
300 #define	IFNET_FOREACH_CARP(ifp, sc)					\
301 	KASSERT(mtx_owned(&ifp->if_carp->cif_mtx) ||			\
302 	    sx_xlocked(&carp_sx), ("cif_vrs not locked"));		\
303 	TAILQ_FOREACH((sc), &(ifp)->if_carp->cif_vrs, sc_list)
304 
305 #define	DEMOTE_ADVSKEW(sc)					\
306     (((sc)->sc_advskew + V_carp_demotion > CARP_MAXSKEW) ?	\
307     CARP_MAXSKEW :						\
308         (((sc)->sc_advskew + V_carp_demotion < 0) ?		\
309         0 : ((sc)->sc_advskew + V_carp_demotion)))
310 
311 static void	carp_input_c(struct mbuf *, struct carp_header *, sa_family_t);
312 static struct carp_softc
313 		*carp_alloc(struct ifnet *);
314 static void	carp_destroy(struct carp_softc *);
315 static struct carp_if
316 		*carp_alloc_if(struct ifnet *);
317 static void	carp_free_if(struct carp_if *);
318 static void	carp_set_state(struct carp_softc *, int, const char* reason);
319 static void	carp_sc_state(struct carp_softc *);
320 static void	carp_setrun(struct carp_softc *, sa_family_t);
321 static void	carp_master_down(void *);
322 static void	carp_master_down_locked(struct carp_softc *,
323     		    const char* reason);
324 static void	carp_send_ad(void *);
325 static void	carp_send_ad_locked(struct carp_softc *);
326 static void	carp_addroute(struct carp_softc *);
327 static void	carp_ifa_addroute(struct ifaddr *);
328 static void	carp_delroute(struct carp_softc *);
329 static void	carp_ifa_delroute(struct ifaddr *);
330 static void	carp_send_ad_all(void *, int);
331 static void	carp_demote_adj(int, char *);
332 
333 static LIST_HEAD(, carp_softc) carp_list;
334 static struct mtx carp_mtx;
335 static struct sx carp_sx;
336 static struct task carp_sendall_task =
337     TASK_INITIALIZER(0, carp_send_ad_all, NULL);
338 
339 static void
340 carp_hmac_prepare(struct carp_softc *sc)
341 {
342 	uint8_t version = CARP_VERSION, type = CARP_ADVERTISEMENT;
343 	uint8_t vhid = sc->sc_vhid & 0xff;
344 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
345 	int i, found;
346 #ifdef INET
347 	struct in_addr last, cur, in;
348 #endif
349 #ifdef INET6
350 	struct in6_addr last6, cur6, in6;
351 #endif
352 
353 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
354 
355 	/* Compute ipad from key. */
356 	bzero(sc->sc_pad, sizeof(sc->sc_pad));
357 	bcopy(sc->sc_key, sc->sc_pad, sizeof(sc->sc_key));
358 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(sc->sc_pad); i++)
359 		sc->sc_pad[i] ^= 0x36;
360 
361 	/* Precompute first part of inner hash. */
362 	SHA1Init(&sc->sc_sha1);
363 	SHA1Update(&sc->sc_sha1, sc->sc_pad, sizeof(sc->sc_pad));
364 	SHA1Update(&sc->sc_sha1, (void *)&version, sizeof(version));
365 	SHA1Update(&sc->sc_sha1, (void *)&type, sizeof(type));
366 	SHA1Update(&sc->sc_sha1, (void *)&vhid, sizeof(vhid));
367 #ifdef INET
368 	cur.s_addr = 0;
369 	do {
370 		found = 0;
371 		last = cur;
372 		cur.s_addr = 0xffffffff;
373 		CARP_FOREACH_IFA(sc, ifa) {
374 			in.s_addr = ifatoia(ifa)->ia_addr.sin_addr.s_addr;
375 			if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET &&
376 			    ntohl(in.s_addr) > ntohl(last.s_addr) &&
377 			    ntohl(in.s_addr) < ntohl(cur.s_addr)) {
378 				cur.s_addr = in.s_addr;
379 				found++;
380 			}
381 		}
382 		if (found)
383 			SHA1Update(&sc->sc_sha1, (void *)&cur, sizeof(cur));
384 	} while (found);
385 #endif /* INET */
386 #ifdef INET6
387 	memset(&cur6, 0, sizeof(cur6));
388 	do {
389 		found = 0;
390 		last6 = cur6;
391 		memset(&cur6, 0xff, sizeof(cur6));
392 		CARP_FOREACH_IFA(sc, ifa) {
393 			in6 = ifatoia6(ifa)->ia_addr.sin6_addr;
394 			if (IN6_IS_SCOPE_EMBED(&in6))
395 				in6.s6_addr16[1] = 0;
396 			if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6 &&
397 			    memcmp(&in6, &last6, sizeof(in6)) > 0 &&
398 			    memcmp(&in6, &cur6, sizeof(in6)) < 0) {
399 				cur6 = in6;
400 				found++;
401 			}
402 		}
403 		if (found)
404 			SHA1Update(&sc->sc_sha1, (void *)&cur6, sizeof(cur6));
405 	} while (found);
406 #endif /* INET6 */
407 
408 	/* convert ipad to opad */
409 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(sc->sc_pad); i++)
410 		sc->sc_pad[i] ^= 0x36 ^ 0x5c;
411 }
412 
413 static void
414 carp_hmac_generate(struct carp_softc *sc, uint32_t counter[2],
415     unsigned char md[20])
416 {
417 	SHA1_CTX sha1ctx;
418 
419 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
420 
421 	/* fetch first half of inner hash */
422 	bcopy(&sc->sc_sha1, &sha1ctx, sizeof(sha1ctx));
423 
424 	SHA1Update(&sha1ctx, (void *)counter, sizeof(sc->sc_counter));
425 	SHA1Final(md, &sha1ctx);
426 
427 	/* outer hash */
428 	SHA1Init(&sha1ctx);
429 	SHA1Update(&sha1ctx, sc->sc_pad, sizeof(sc->sc_pad));
430 	SHA1Update(&sha1ctx, md, 20);
431 	SHA1Final(md, &sha1ctx);
432 }
433 
434 static int
435 carp_hmac_verify(struct carp_softc *sc, uint32_t counter[2],
436     unsigned char md[20])
437 {
438 	unsigned char md2[20];
439 
440 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
441 
442 	carp_hmac_generate(sc, counter, md2);
443 
444 	return (bcmp(md, md2, sizeof(md2)));
445 }
446 
447 /*
448  * process input packet.
449  * we have rearranged checks order compared to the rfc,
450  * but it seems more efficient this way or not possible otherwise.
451  */
452 #ifdef INET
453 int
454 carp_input(struct mbuf **mp, int *offp, int proto)
455 {
456 	struct mbuf *m = *mp;
457 	struct ip *ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
458 	struct carp_header *ch;
459 	int iplen, len;
460 
461 	iplen = *offp;
462 	*mp = NULL;
463 
464 	CARPSTATS_INC(carps_ipackets);
465 
466 	if (!V_carp_allow) {
467 		m_freem(m);
468 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
469 	}
470 
471 	/* verify that the IP TTL is 255.  */
472 	if (ip->ip_ttl != CARP_DFLTTL) {
473 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badttl);
474 		CARP_DEBUG("%s: received ttl %d != 255 on %s\n", __func__,
475 		    ip->ip_ttl,
476 		    m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_xname);
477 		m_freem(m);
478 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
479 	}
480 
481 	iplen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
482 
483 	if (m->m_pkthdr.len < iplen + sizeof(*ch)) {
484 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badlen);
485 		CARP_DEBUG("%s: received len %zd < sizeof(struct carp_header) "
486 		    "on %s\n", __func__, m->m_len - sizeof(struct ip),
487 		    m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_xname);
488 		m_freem(m);
489 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
490 	}
491 
492 	if (iplen + sizeof(*ch) < m->m_len) {
493 		if ((m = m_pullup(m, iplen + sizeof(*ch))) == NULL) {
494 			CARPSTATS_INC(carps_hdrops);
495 			CARP_DEBUG("%s: pullup failed\n", __func__);
496 			return (IPPROTO_DONE);
497 		}
498 		ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
499 	}
500 	ch = (struct carp_header *)((char *)ip + iplen);
501 
502 	/*
503 	 * verify that the received packet length is
504 	 * equal to the CARP header
505 	 */
506 	len = iplen + sizeof(*ch);
507 	if (len > m->m_pkthdr.len) {
508 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badlen);
509 		CARP_DEBUG("%s: packet too short %d on %s\n", __func__,
510 		    m->m_pkthdr.len,
511 		    m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_xname);
512 		m_freem(m);
513 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
514 	}
515 
516 	if ((m = m_pullup(m, len)) == NULL) {
517 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_hdrops);
518 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
519 	}
520 	ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
521 	ch = (struct carp_header *)((char *)ip + iplen);
522 
523 	/* verify the CARP checksum */
524 	m->m_data += iplen;
525 	if (in_cksum(m, len - iplen)) {
526 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badsum);
527 		CARP_DEBUG("%s: checksum failed on %s\n", __func__,
528 		    m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_xname);
529 		m_freem(m);
530 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
531 	}
532 	m->m_data -= iplen;
533 
534 	carp_input_c(m, ch, AF_INET);
535 	return (IPPROTO_DONE);
536 }
537 #endif
538 
539 #ifdef INET6
540 int
541 carp6_input(struct mbuf **mp, int *offp, int proto)
542 {
543 	struct mbuf *m = *mp;
544 	struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
545 	struct carp_header *ch;
546 	u_int len;
547 
548 	CARPSTATS_INC(carps_ipackets6);
549 
550 	if (!V_carp_allow) {
551 		m_freem(m);
552 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
553 	}
554 
555 	/* check if received on a valid carp interface */
556 	if (m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_carp == NULL) {
557 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badif);
558 		CARP_DEBUG("%s: packet received on non-carp interface: %s\n",
559 		    __func__, m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_xname);
560 		m_freem(m);
561 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
562 	}
563 
564 	/* verify that the IP TTL is 255 */
565 	if (ip6->ip6_hlim != CARP_DFLTTL) {
566 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badttl);
567 		CARP_DEBUG("%s: received ttl %d != 255 on %s\n", __func__,
568 		    ip6->ip6_hlim, m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_xname);
569 		m_freem(m);
570 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
571 	}
572 
573 	/* verify that we have a complete carp packet */
574 	if (m->m_len < *offp + sizeof(*ch)) {
575 		len = m->m_len;
576 		m = m_pullup(m, *offp + sizeof(*ch));
577 		if (m == NULL) {
578 			CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badlen);
579 			CARP_DEBUG("%s: packet size %u too small\n", __func__, len);
580 			return (IPPROTO_DONE);
581 		}
582 	}
583 	ch = (struct carp_header *)(mtod(m, char *) + *offp);
584 
585 	/* verify the CARP checksum */
586 	m->m_data += *offp;
587 	if (in_cksum(m, sizeof(*ch))) {
588 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badsum);
589 		CARP_DEBUG("%s: checksum failed, on %s\n", __func__,
590 		    m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_xname);
591 		m_freem(m);
592 		return (IPPROTO_DONE);
593 	}
594 	m->m_data -= *offp;
595 
596 	carp_input_c(m, ch, AF_INET6);
597 	return (IPPROTO_DONE);
598 }
599 #endif /* INET6 */
600 
601 /*
602  * This routine should not be necessary at all, but some switches
603  * (VMWare ESX vswitches) can echo our own packets back at us,
604  * and we must ignore them or they will cause us to drop out of
605  * MASTER mode.
606  *
607  * We cannot catch all cases of network loops.  Instead, what we
608  * do here is catch any packet that arrives with a carp header
609  * with a VHID of 0, that comes from an address that is our own.
610  * These packets are by definition "from us" (even if they are from
611  * a misconfigured host that is pretending to be us).
612  *
613  * The VHID test is outside this mini-function.
614  */
615 static int
616 carp_source_is_self(struct mbuf *m, struct ifaddr *ifa, sa_family_t af)
617 {
618 #ifdef INET
619 	struct ip *ip4;
620 	struct in_addr in4;
621 #endif
622 #ifdef INET6
623 	struct ip6_hdr *ip6;
624 	struct in6_addr in6;
625 #endif
626 
627 	switch (af) {
628 #ifdef INET
629 	case AF_INET:
630 		ip4 = mtod(m, struct ip *);
631 		in4 = ifatoia(ifa)->ia_addr.sin_addr;
632 		return (in4.s_addr == ip4->ip_src.s_addr);
633 #endif
634 #ifdef INET6
635 	case AF_INET6:
636 		ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
637 		in6 = ifatoia6(ifa)->ia_addr.sin6_addr;
638 		return (memcmp(&in6, &ip6->ip6_src, sizeof(in6)) == 0);
639 #endif
640 	default:
641 		break;
642 	}
643 	return (0);
644 }
645 
646 static void
647 carp_input_c(struct mbuf *m, struct carp_header *ch, sa_family_t af)
648 {
649 	struct ifnet *ifp = m->m_pkthdr.rcvif;
650 	struct ifaddr *ifa, *match;
651 	struct carp_softc *sc;
652 	uint64_t tmp_counter;
653 	struct timeval sc_tv, ch_tv;
654 	int error;
655 
656 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
657 
658 	/*
659 	 * Verify that the VHID is valid on the receiving interface.
660 	 *
661 	 * There should be just one match.  If there are none
662 	 * the VHID is not valid and we drop the packet.  If
663 	 * there are multiple VHID matches, take just the first
664 	 * one, for compatibility with previous code.  While we're
665 	 * scanning, check for obvious loops in the network topology
666 	 * (these should never happen, and as noted above, we may
667 	 * miss real loops; this is just a double-check).
668 	 */
669 	error = 0;
670 	match = NULL;
671 	IFNET_FOREACH_IFA(ifp, ifa) {
672 		if (match == NULL && ifa->ifa_carp != NULL &&
673 		    ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == af &&
674 		    ifa->ifa_carp->sc_vhid == ch->carp_vhid)
675 			match = ifa;
676 		if (ch->carp_vhid == 0 && carp_source_is_self(m, ifa, af))
677 			error = ELOOP;
678 	}
679 	ifa = error ? NULL : match;
680 	if (ifa != NULL)
681 		ifa_ref(ifa);
682 
683 	if (ifa == NULL) {
684 		if (error == ELOOP) {
685 			CARP_DEBUG("dropping looped packet on interface %s\n",
686 			    ifp->if_xname);
687 			CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badif);	/* ??? */
688 		} else {
689 			CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badvhid);
690 		}
691 		m_freem(m);
692 		return;
693 	}
694 
695 	/* verify the CARP version. */
696 	if (ch->carp_version != CARP_VERSION) {
697 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badver);
698 		CARP_DEBUG("%s: invalid version %d\n", ifp->if_xname,
699 		    ch->carp_version);
700 		ifa_free(ifa);
701 		m_freem(m);
702 		return;
703 	}
704 
705 	sc = ifa->ifa_carp;
706 	CARP_LOCK(sc);
707 	ifa_free(ifa);
708 
709 	if (carp_hmac_verify(sc, ch->carp_counter, ch->carp_md)) {
710 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_badauth);
711 		CARP_DEBUG("%s: incorrect hash for VHID %u@%s\n", __func__,
712 		    sc->sc_vhid, ifp->if_xname);
713 		goto out;
714 	}
715 
716 	tmp_counter = ntohl(ch->carp_counter[0]);
717 	tmp_counter = tmp_counter<<32;
718 	tmp_counter += ntohl(ch->carp_counter[1]);
719 
720 	/* XXX Replay protection goes here */
721 
722 	sc->sc_init_counter = 0;
723 	sc->sc_counter = tmp_counter;
724 
725 	sc_tv.tv_sec = sc->sc_advbase;
726 	sc_tv.tv_usec = DEMOTE_ADVSKEW(sc) * 1000000 / 256;
727 	ch_tv.tv_sec = ch->carp_advbase;
728 	ch_tv.tv_usec = ch->carp_advskew * 1000000 / 256;
729 
730 	switch (sc->sc_state) {
731 	case INIT:
732 		break;
733 	case MASTER:
734 		/*
735 		 * If we receive an advertisement from a master who's going to
736 		 * be more frequent than us, go into BACKUP state.
737 		 */
738 		if (timevalcmp(&sc_tv, &ch_tv, >) ||
739 		    timevalcmp(&sc_tv, &ch_tv, ==)) {
740 			callout_stop(&sc->sc_ad_tmo);
741 			carp_set_state(sc, BACKUP,
742 			    "more frequent advertisement received");
743 			carp_setrun(sc, 0);
744 			carp_delroute(sc);
745 		}
746 		break;
747 	case BACKUP:
748 		/*
749 		 * If we're pre-empting masters who advertise slower than us,
750 		 * and this one claims to be slower, treat him as down.
751 		 */
752 		if (V_carp_preempt && timevalcmp(&sc_tv, &ch_tv, <)) {
753 			carp_master_down_locked(sc,
754 			    "preempting a slower master");
755 			break;
756 		}
757 
758 		/*
759 		 *  If the master is going to advertise at such a low frequency
760 		 *  that he's guaranteed to time out, we'd might as well just
761 		 *  treat him as timed out now.
762 		 */
763 		sc_tv.tv_sec = sc->sc_advbase * 3;
764 		if (timevalcmp(&sc_tv, &ch_tv, <)) {
765 			carp_master_down_locked(sc, "master will time out");
766 			break;
767 		}
768 
769 		/*
770 		 * Otherwise, we reset the counter and wait for the next
771 		 * advertisement.
772 		 */
773 		carp_setrun(sc, af);
774 		break;
775 	}
776 
777 out:
778 	CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
779 	m_freem(m);
780 }
781 
782 static int
783 carp_prepare_ad(struct mbuf *m, struct carp_softc *sc, struct carp_header *ch)
784 {
785 	struct m_tag *mtag;
786 
787 	if (sc->sc_init_counter) {
788 		/* this could also be seconds since unix epoch */
789 		sc->sc_counter = arc4random();
790 		sc->sc_counter = sc->sc_counter << 32;
791 		sc->sc_counter += arc4random();
792 	} else
793 		sc->sc_counter++;
794 
795 	ch->carp_counter[0] = htonl((sc->sc_counter>>32)&0xffffffff);
796 	ch->carp_counter[1] = htonl(sc->sc_counter&0xffffffff);
797 
798 	carp_hmac_generate(sc, ch->carp_counter, ch->carp_md);
799 
800 	/* Tag packet for carp_output */
801 	if ((mtag = m_tag_get(PACKET_TAG_CARP, sizeof(struct carp_softc *),
802 	    M_NOWAIT)) == NULL) {
803 		m_freem(m);
804 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_onomem);
805 		return (ENOMEM);
806 	}
807 	bcopy(&sc, mtag + 1, sizeof(sc));
808 	m_tag_prepend(m, mtag);
809 
810 	return (0);
811 }
812 
813 /*
814  * To avoid LORs and possible recursions this function shouldn't
815  * be called directly, but scheduled via taskqueue.
816  */
817 static void
818 carp_send_ad_all(void *ctx __unused, int pending __unused)
819 {
820 	struct carp_softc *sc;
821 	struct epoch_tracker et;
822 
823 	NET_EPOCH_ENTER(et);
824 	mtx_lock(&carp_mtx);
825 	LIST_FOREACH(sc, &carp_list, sc_next)
826 		if (sc->sc_state == MASTER) {
827 			CARP_LOCK(sc);
828 			CURVNET_SET(sc->sc_carpdev->if_vnet);
829 			carp_send_ad_locked(sc);
830 			CURVNET_RESTORE();
831 			CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
832 		}
833 	mtx_unlock(&carp_mtx);
834 	NET_EPOCH_EXIT(et);
835 }
836 
837 /* Send a periodic advertisement, executed in callout context. */
838 static void
839 carp_send_ad(void *v)
840 {
841 	struct carp_softc *sc = v;
842 	struct epoch_tracker et;
843 
844 	NET_EPOCH_ENTER(et);
845 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
846 	CURVNET_SET(sc->sc_carpdev->if_vnet);
847 	carp_send_ad_locked(sc);
848 	CURVNET_RESTORE();
849 	CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
850 	NET_EPOCH_EXIT(et);
851 }
852 
853 static void
854 carp_send_ad_error(struct carp_softc *sc, int error)
855 {
856 
857 	/*
858 	 * We track errors and successfull sends with this logic:
859 	 * - Any error resets success counter to 0.
860 	 * - MAX_ERRORS triggers demotion.
861 	 * - MIN_SUCCESS successes resets error counter to 0.
862 	 * - MIN_SUCCESS reverts demotion, if it was triggered before.
863 	 */
864 	if (error) {
865 		if (sc->sc_sendad_errors < INT_MAX)
866 			sc->sc_sendad_errors++;
867 		if (sc->sc_sendad_errors == CARP_SENDAD_MAX_ERRORS) {
868 			static const char fmt[] = "send error %d on %s";
869 			char msg[sizeof(fmt) + IFNAMSIZ];
870 
871 			sprintf(msg, fmt, error, sc->sc_carpdev->if_xname);
872 			carp_demote_adj(V_carp_senderr_adj, msg);
873 		}
874 		sc->sc_sendad_success = 0;
875 	} else if (sc->sc_sendad_errors > 0) {
876 		if (++sc->sc_sendad_success >= CARP_SENDAD_MIN_SUCCESS) {
877 			if (sc->sc_sendad_errors >= CARP_SENDAD_MAX_ERRORS) {
878 				static const char fmt[] = "send ok on %s";
879 				char msg[sizeof(fmt) + IFNAMSIZ];
880 
881 				sprintf(msg, fmt, sc->sc_carpdev->if_xname);
882 				carp_demote_adj(-V_carp_senderr_adj, msg);
883 			}
884 			sc->sc_sendad_errors = 0;
885 		}
886 	}
887 }
888 
889 /*
890  * Pick the best ifaddr on the given ifp for sending CARP
891  * advertisements.
892  *
893  * "Best" here is defined by ifa_preferred().  This function is much
894  * much like ifaof_ifpforaddr() except that we just use ifa_preferred().
895  *
896  * (This could be simplified to return the actual address, except that
897  * it has a different format in AF_INET and AF_INET6.)
898  */
899 static struct ifaddr *
900 carp_best_ifa(int af, struct ifnet *ifp)
901 {
902 	struct ifaddr *ifa, *best;
903 
904 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
905 
906 	if (af >= AF_MAX)
907 		return (NULL);
908 	best = NULL;
909 	CK_STAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrhead, ifa_link) {
910 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == af &&
911 		    (best == NULL || ifa_preferred(best, ifa)))
912 			best = ifa;
913 	}
914 	if (best != NULL)
915 		ifa_ref(best);
916 	return (best);
917 }
918 
919 static void
920 carp_send_ad_locked(struct carp_softc *sc)
921 {
922 	struct carp_header ch;
923 	struct timeval tv;
924 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
925 	struct carp_header *ch_ptr;
926 	struct mbuf *m;
927 	int len, advskew;
928 
929 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
930 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
931 
932 	advskew = DEMOTE_ADVSKEW(sc);
933 	tv.tv_sec = sc->sc_advbase;
934 	tv.tv_usec = advskew * 1000000 / 256;
935 
936 	ch.carp_version = CARP_VERSION;
937 	ch.carp_type = CARP_ADVERTISEMENT;
938 	ch.carp_vhid = sc->sc_vhid;
939 	ch.carp_advbase = sc->sc_advbase;
940 	ch.carp_advskew = advskew;
941 	ch.carp_authlen = 7;	/* XXX DEFINE */
942 	ch.carp_pad1 = 0;	/* must be zero */
943 	ch.carp_cksum = 0;
944 
945 	/* XXXGL: OpenBSD picks first ifaddr with needed family. */
946 
947 #ifdef INET
948 	if (sc->sc_naddrs) {
949 		struct ip *ip;
950 
951 		m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
952 		if (m == NULL) {
953 			CARPSTATS_INC(carps_onomem);
954 			goto resched;
955 		}
956 		len = sizeof(*ip) + sizeof(ch);
957 		m->m_pkthdr.len = len;
958 		m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = NULL;
959 		m->m_len = len;
960 		M_ALIGN(m, m->m_len);
961 		m->m_flags |= M_MCAST;
962 		ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
963 		ip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
964 		ip->ip_hl = sizeof(*ip) >> 2;
965 		ip->ip_tos = V_carp_dscp << IPTOS_DSCP_OFFSET;
966 		ip->ip_len = htons(len);
967 		ip->ip_off = htons(IP_DF);
968 		ip->ip_ttl = CARP_DFLTTL;
969 		ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_CARP;
970 		ip->ip_sum = 0;
971 		ip_fillid(ip);
972 
973 		ifa = carp_best_ifa(AF_INET, sc->sc_carpdev);
974 		if (ifa != NULL) {
975 			ip->ip_src.s_addr =
976 			    ifatoia(ifa)->ia_addr.sin_addr.s_addr;
977 			ifa_free(ifa);
978 		} else
979 			ip->ip_src.s_addr = 0;
980 		ip->ip_dst.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_CARP_GROUP);
981 
982 		ch_ptr = (struct carp_header *)(&ip[1]);
983 		bcopy(&ch, ch_ptr, sizeof(ch));
984 		if (carp_prepare_ad(m, sc, ch_ptr))
985 			goto resched;
986 
987 		m->m_data += sizeof(*ip);
988 		ch_ptr->carp_cksum = in_cksum(m, len - sizeof(*ip));
989 		m->m_data -= sizeof(*ip);
990 
991 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_opackets);
992 
993 		carp_send_ad_error(sc, ip_output(m, NULL, NULL, IP_RAWOUTPUT,
994 		    &sc->sc_carpdev->if_carp->cif_imo, NULL));
995 	}
996 #endif /* INET */
997 #ifdef INET6
998 	if (sc->sc_naddrs6) {
999 		struct ip6_hdr *ip6;
1000 
1001 		m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1002 		if (m == NULL) {
1003 			CARPSTATS_INC(carps_onomem);
1004 			goto resched;
1005 		}
1006 		len = sizeof(*ip6) + sizeof(ch);
1007 		m->m_pkthdr.len = len;
1008 		m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = NULL;
1009 		m->m_len = len;
1010 		M_ALIGN(m, m->m_len);
1011 		m->m_flags |= M_MCAST;
1012 		ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
1013 		bzero(ip6, sizeof(*ip6));
1014 		ip6->ip6_vfc |= IPV6_VERSION;
1015 		/* Traffic class isn't defined in ip6 struct instead
1016 		 * it gets offset into flowid field */
1017 		ip6->ip6_flow |= htonl(V_carp_dscp << (IPV6_FLOWLABEL_LEN +
1018 		    IPTOS_DSCP_OFFSET));
1019 		ip6->ip6_hlim = CARP_DFLTTL;
1020 		ip6->ip6_nxt = IPPROTO_CARP;
1021 
1022 		/* set the source address */
1023 		ifa = carp_best_ifa(AF_INET6, sc->sc_carpdev);
1024 		if (ifa != NULL) {
1025 			bcopy(IFA_IN6(ifa), &ip6->ip6_src,
1026 			    sizeof(struct in6_addr));
1027 			ifa_free(ifa);
1028 		} else
1029 			/* This should never happen with IPv6. */
1030 			bzero(&ip6->ip6_src, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
1031 
1032 		/* Set the multicast destination. */
1033 		ip6->ip6_dst.s6_addr16[0] = htons(0xff02);
1034 		ip6->ip6_dst.s6_addr8[15] = 0x12;
1035 		if (in6_setscope(&ip6->ip6_dst, sc->sc_carpdev, NULL) != 0) {
1036 			m_freem(m);
1037 			CARP_DEBUG("%s: in6_setscope failed\n", __func__);
1038 			goto resched;
1039 		}
1040 
1041 		ch_ptr = (struct carp_header *)(&ip6[1]);
1042 		bcopy(&ch, ch_ptr, sizeof(ch));
1043 		if (carp_prepare_ad(m, sc, ch_ptr))
1044 			goto resched;
1045 
1046 		m->m_data += sizeof(*ip6);
1047 		ch_ptr->carp_cksum = in_cksum(m, len - sizeof(*ip6));
1048 		m->m_data -= sizeof(*ip6);
1049 
1050 		CARPSTATS_INC(carps_opackets6);
1051 
1052 		carp_send_ad_error(sc, ip6_output(m, NULL, NULL, 0,
1053 		    &sc->sc_carpdev->if_carp->cif_im6o, NULL, NULL));
1054 	}
1055 #endif /* INET6 */
1056 
1057 resched:
1058 	callout_reset(&sc->sc_ad_tmo, tvtohz(&tv), carp_send_ad, sc);
1059 }
1060 
1061 static void
1062 carp_addroute(struct carp_softc *sc)
1063 {
1064 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
1065 
1066 	CARP_FOREACH_IFA(sc, ifa)
1067 		carp_ifa_addroute(ifa);
1068 }
1069 
1070 static void
1071 carp_ifa_addroute(struct ifaddr *ifa)
1072 {
1073 
1074 	switch (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family) {
1075 #ifdef INET
1076 	case AF_INET:
1077 		in_addprefix(ifatoia(ifa));
1078 		ifa_add_loopback_route(ifa,
1079 		    (struct sockaddr *)&ifatoia(ifa)->ia_addr);
1080 		break;
1081 #endif
1082 #ifdef INET6
1083 	case AF_INET6:
1084 		ifa_add_loopback_route(ifa,
1085 		    (struct sockaddr *)&ifatoia6(ifa)->ia_addr);
1086 		nd6_add_ifa_lle(ifatoia6(ifa));
1087 		break;
1088 #endif
1089 	}
1090 }
1091 
1092 static void
1093 carp_delroute(struct carp_softc *sc)
1094 {
1095 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
1096 
1097 	CARP_FOREACH_IFA(sc, ifa)
1098 		carp_ifa_delroute(ifa);
1099 }
1100 
1101 static void
1102 carp_ifa_delroute(struct ifaddr *ifa)
1103 {
1104 
1105 	switch (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family) {
1106 #ifdef INET
1107 	case AF_INET:
1108 		ifa_del_loopback_route(ifa,
1109 		    (struct sockaddr *)&ifatoia(ifa)->ia_addr);
1110 		in_scrubprefix(ifatoia(ifa), LLE_STATIC);
1111 		break;
1112 #endif
1113 #ifdef INET6
1114 	case AF_INET6:
1115 		ifa_del_loopback_route(ifa,
1116 		    (struct sockaddr *)&ifatoia6(ifa)->ia_addr);
1117 		nd6_rem_ifa_lle(ifatoia6(ifa), 1);
1118 		break;
1119 #endif
1120 	}
1121 }
1122 
1123 int
1124 carp_master(struct ifaddr *ifa)
1125 {
1126 	struct carp_softc *sc = ifa->ifa_carp;
1127 
1128 	return (sc->sc_state == MASTER);
1129 }
1130 
1131 #ifdef INET
1132 /*
1133  * Broadcast a gratuitous ARP request containing
1134  * the virtual router MAC address for each IP address
1135  * associated with the virtual router.
1136  */
1137 static void
1138 carp_send_arp(struct carp_softc *sc)
1139 {
1140 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
1141 	struct in_addr addr;
1142 
1143 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
1144 
1145 	CARP_FOREACH_IFA(sc, ifa) {
1146 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
1147 			continue;
1148 		addr = ((struct sockaddr_in *)ifa->ifa_addr)->sin_addr;
1149 		arp_announce_ifaddr(sc->sc_carpdev, addr, LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr));
1150 	}
1151 }
1152 
1153 int
1154 carp_iamatch(struct ifaddr *ifa, uint8_t **enaddr)
1155 {
1156 	struct carp_softc *sc = ifa->ifa_carp;
1157 
1158 	if (sc->sc_state == MASTER) {
1159 		*enaddr = LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr);
1160 		return (1);
1161 	}
1162 
1163 	return (0);
1164 }
1165 #endif
1166 
1167 #ifdef INET6
1168 static void
1169 carp_send_na(struct carp_softc *sc)
1170 {
1171 	static struct in6_addr mcast = IN6ADDR_LINKLOCAL_ALLNODES_INIT;
1172 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
1173 	struct in6_addr *in6;
1174 
1175 	CARP_FOREACH_IFA(sc, ifa) {
1176 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6)
1177 			continue;
1178 
1179 		in6 = IFA_IN6(ifa);
1180 		nd6_na_output(sc->sc_carpdev, &mcast, in6,
1181 		    ND_NA_FLAG_OVERRIDE, 1, NULL);
1182 		DELAY(1000);	/* XXX */
1183 	}
1184 }
1185 
1186 /*
1187  * Returns ifa in case it's a carp address and it is MASTER, or if the address
1188  * matches and is not a carp address.  Returns NULL otherwise.
1189  */
1190 struct ifaddr *
1191 carp_iamatch6(struct ifnet *ifp, struct in6_addr *taddr)
1192 {
1193 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
1194 
1195 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
1196 
1197 	ifa = NULL;
1198 	CK_STAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrhead, ifa_link) {
1199 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6)
1200 			continue;
1201 		if (!IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(taddr, IFA_IN6(ifa)))
1202 			continue;
1203 		if (ifa->ifa_carp && ifa->ifa_carp->sc_state != MASTER)
1204 			ifa = NULL;
1205 		else
1206 			ifa_ref(ifa);
1207 		break;
1208 	}
1209 
1210 	return (ifa);
1211 }
1212 
1213 char *
1214 carp_macmatch6(struct ifnet *ifp, struct mbuf *m, const struct in6_addr *taddr)
1215 {
1216 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
1217 
1218 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
1219 
1220 	IFNET_FOREACH_IFA(ifp, ifa)
1221 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6 &&
1222 		    IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(taddr, IFA_IN6(ifa))) {
1223 			struct carp_softc *sc = ifa->ifa_carp;
1224 			struct m_tag *mtag;
1225 
1226 			mtag = m_tag_get(PACKET_TAG_CARP,
1227 			    sizeof(struct carp_softc *), M_NOWAIT);
1228 			if (mtag == NULL)
1229 				/* Better a bit than nothing. */
1230 				return (LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr));
1231 
1232 			bcopy(&sc, mtag + 1, sizeof(sc));
1233 			m_tag_prepend(m, mtag);
1234 
1235 			return (LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr));
1236 		}
1237 
1238 	return (NULL);
1239 }
1240 #endif /* INET6 */
1241 
1242 int
1243 carp_forus(struct ifnet *ifp, u_char *dhost)
1244 {
1245 	struct carp_softc *sc;
1246 	uint8_t *ena = dhost;
1247 
1248 	if (ena[0] || ena[1] || ena[2] != 0x5e || ena[3] || ena[4] != 1)
1249 		return (0);
1250 
1251 	CIF_LOCK(ifp->if_carp);
1252 	IFNET_FOREACH_CARP(ifp, sc) {
1253 		/*
1254 		 * CARP_LOCK() is not here, since would protect nothing, but
1255 		 * cause deadlock with if_bridge, calling this under its lock.
1256 		 */
1257 		if (sc->sc_state == MASTER && !bcmp(dhost, LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr),
1258 		    ETHER_ADDR_LEN)) {
1259 			CIF_UNLOCK(ifp->if_carp);
1260 			return (1);
1261 		}
1262 	}
1263 	CIF_UNLOCK(ifp->if_carp);
1264 
1265 	return (0);
1266 }
1267 
1268 /* Master down timeout event, executed in callout context. */
1269 static void
1270 carp_master_down(void *v)
1271 {
1272 	struct carp_softc *sc = v;
1273 	struct epoch_tracker et;
1274 
1275 	NET_EPOCH_ENTER(et);
1276 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
1277 
1278 	CURVNET_SET(sc->sc_carpdev->if_vnet);
1279 	if (sc->sc_state == BACKUP) {
1280 		carp_master_down_locked(sc, "master timed out");
1281 	}
1282 	CURVNET_RESTORE();
1283 
1284 	CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
1285 	NET_EPOCH_EXIT(et);
1286 }
1287 
1288 static void
1289 carp_master_down_locked(struct carp_softc *sc, const char *reason)
1290 {
1291 
1292 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
1293 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
1294 
1295 	switch (sc->sc_state) {
1296 	case BACKUP:
1297 		carp_set_state(sc, MASTER, reason);
1298 		carp_send_ad_locked(sc);
1299 #ifdef INET
1300 		carp_send_arp(sc);
1301 #endif
1302 #ifdef INET6
1303 		carp_send_na(sc);
1304 #endif
1305 		carp_setrun(sc, 0);
1306 		carp_addroute(sc);
1307 		break;
1308 	case INIT:
1309 	case MASTER:
1310 #ifdef INVARIANTS
1311 		panic("carp: VHID %u@%s: master_down event in %s state\n",
1312 		    sc->sc_vhid,
1313 		    sc->sc_carpdev->if_xname,
1314 		    sc->sc_state ? "MASTER" : "INIT");
1315 #endif
1316 		break;
1317 	}
1318 }
1319 
1320 /*
1321  * When in backup state, af indicates whether to reset the master down timer
1322  * for v4 or v6. If it's set to zero, reset the ones which are already pending.
1323  */
1324 static void
1325 carp_setrun(struct carp_softc *sc, sa_family_t af)
1326 {
1327 	struct timeval tv;
1328 
1329 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
1330 
1331 	if ((sc->sc_carpdev->if_flags & IFF_UP) == 0 ||
1332 	    sc->sc_carpdev->if_link_state != LINK_STATE_UP ||
1333 	    (sc->sc_naddrs == 0 && sc->sc_naddrs6 == 0) ||
1334 	    !V_carp_allow)
1335 		return;
1336 
1337 	switch (sc->sc_state) {
1338 	case INIT:
1339 		carp_set_state(sc, BACKUP, "initialization complete");
1340 		carp_setrun(sc, 0);
1341 		break;
1342 	case BACKUP:
1343 		callout_stop(&sc->sc_ad_tmo);
1344 		tv.tv_sec = 3 * sc->sc_advbase;
1345 		tv.tv_usec = sc->sc_advskew * 1000000 / 256;
1346 		switch (af) {
1347 #ifdef INET
1348 		case AF_INET:
1349 			callout_reset(&sc->sc_md_tmo, tvtohz(&tv),
1350 			    carp_master_down, sc);
1351 			break;
1352 #endif
1353 #ifdef INET6
1354 		case AF_INET6:
1355 			callout_reset(&sc->sc_md6_tmo, tvtohz(&tv),
1356 			    carp_master_down, sc);
1357 			break;
1358 #endif
1359 		default:
1360 #ifdef INET
1361 			if (sc->sc_naddrs)
1362 				callout_reset(&sc->sc_md_tmo, tvtohz(&tv),
1363 				    carp_master_down, sc);
1364 #endif
1365 #ifdef INET6
1366 			if (sc->sc_naddrs6)
1367 				callout_reset(&sc->sc_md6_tmo, tvtohz(&tv),
1368 				    carp_master_down, sc);
1369 #endif
1370 			break;
1371 		}
1372 		break;
1373 	case MASTER:
1374 		tv.tv_sec = sc->sc_advbase;
1375 		tv.tv_usec = sc->sc_advskew * 1000000 / 256;
1376 		callout_reset(&sc->sc_ad_tmo, tvtohz(&tv),
1377 		    carp_send_ad, sc);
1378 		break;
1379 	}
1380 }
1381 
1382 /*
1383  * Setup multicast structures.
1384  */
1385 static int
1386 carp_multicast_setup(struct carp_if *cif, sa_family_t sa)
1387 {
1388 	struct ifnet *ifp = cif->cif_ifp;
1389 	int error = 0;
1390 
1391 	switch (sa) {
1392 #ifdef INET
1393 	case AF_INET:
1394 	    {
1395 		struct ip_moptions *imo = &cif->cif_imo;
1396 		struct in_mfilter *imf;
1397 		struct in_addr addr;
1398 
1399 		if (ip_mfilter_first(&imo->imo_head) != NULL)
1400 			return (0);
1401 
1402 		imf = ip_mfilter_alloc(M_WAITOK, 0, 0);
1403 		ip_mfilter_init(&imo->imo_head);
1404 		imo->imo_multicast_vif = -1;
1405 
1406 		addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_CARP_GROUP);
1407 		if ((error = in_joingroup(ifp, &addr, NULL,
1408 		    &imf->imf_inm)) != 0) {
1409 			ip_mfilter_free(imf);
1410 			break;
1411 		}
1412 
1413 		ip_mfilter_insert(&imo->imo_head, imf);
1414 		imo->imo_multicast_ifp = ifp;
1415 		imo->imo_multicast_ttl = CARP_DFLTTL;
1416 		imo->imo_multicast_loop = 0;
1417 		break;
1418 	   }
1419 #endif
1420 #ifdef INET6
1421 	case AF_INET6:
1422 	    {
1423 		struct ip6_moptions *im6o = &cif->cif_im6o;
1424 		struct in6_mfilter *im6f[2];
1425 		struct in6_addr in6;
1426 
1427 		if (ip6_mfilter_first(&im6o->im6o_head))
1428 			return (0);
1429 
1430 		im6f[0] = ip6_mfilter_alloc(M_WAITOK, 0, 0);
1431 		im6f[1] = ip6_mfilter_alloc(M_WAITOK, 0, 0);
1432 
1433 		ip6_mfilter_init(&im6o->im6o_head);
1434 		im6o->im6o_multicast_hlim = CARP_DFLTTL;
1435 		im6o->im6o_multicast_ifp = ifp;
1436 
1437 		/* Join IPv6 CARP multicast group. */
1438 		bzero(&in6, sizeof(in6));
1439 		in6.s6_addr16[0] = htons(0xff02);
1440 		in6.s6_addr8[15] = 0x12;
1441 		if ((error = in6_setscope(&in6, ifp, NULL)) != 0) {
1442 			ip6_mfilter_free(im6f[0]);
1443 			ip6_mfilter_free(im6f[1]);
1444 			break;
1445 		}
1446 		if ((error = in6_joingroup(ifp, &in6, NULL, &im6f[0]->im6f_in6m, 0)) != 0) {
1447 			ip6_mfilter_free(im6f[0]);
1448 			ip6_mfilter_free(im6f[1]);
1449 			break;
1450 		}
1451 
1452 		/* Join solicited multicast address. */
1453 		bzero(&in6, sizeof(in6));
1454 		in6.s6_addr16[0] = htons(0xff02);
1455 		in6.s6_addr32[1] = 0;
1456 		in6.s6_addr32[2] = htonl(1);
1457 		in6.s6_addr32[3] = 0;
1458 		in6.s6_addr8[12] = 0xff;
1459 
1460 		if ((error = in6_setscope(&in6, ifp, NULL)) != 0) {
1461 			ip6_mfilter_free(im6f[0]);
1462 			ip6_mfilter_free(im6f[1]);
1463 			break;
1464 		}
1465 
1466 		if ((error = in6_joingroup(ifp, &in6, NULL, &im6f[1]->im6f_in6m, 0)) != 0) {
1467 			in6_leavegroup(im6f[0]->im6f_in6m, NULL);
1468 			ip6_mfilter_free(im6f[0]);
1469 			ip6_mfilter_free(im6f[1]);
1470 			break;
1471 		}
1472 		ip6_mfilter_insert(&im6o->im6o_head, im6f[0]);
1473 		ip6_mfilter_insert(&im6o->im6o_head, im6f[1]);
1474 		break;
1475 	    }
1476 #endif
1477 	}
1478 
1479 	return (error);
1480 }
1481 
1482 /*
1483  * Free multicast structures.
1484  */
1485 static void
1486 carp_multicast_cleanup(struct carp_if *cif, sa_family_t sa)
1487 {
1488 #ifdef INET
1489 	struct ip_moptions *imo = &cif->cif_imo;
1490 	struct in_mfilter *imf;
1491 #endif
1492 #ifdef INET6
1493 	struct ip6_moptions *im6o = &cif->cif_im6o;
1494 	struct in6_mfilter *im6f;
1495 #endif
1496 	sx_assert(&carp_sx, SA_XLOCKED);
1497 
1498 	switch (sa) {
1499 #ifdef INET
1500 	case AF_INET:
1501 		if (cif->cif_naddrs != 0)
1502 			break;
1503 
1504 		while ((imf = ip_mfilter_first(&imo->imo_head)) != NULL) {
1505 			ip_mfilter_remove(&imo->imo_head, imf);
1506 			in_leavegroup(imf->imf_inm, NULL);
1507 			ip_mfilter_free(imf);
1508 		}
1509 		break;
1510 #endif
1511 #ifdef INET6
1512 	case AF_INET6:
1513 		if (cif->cif_naddrs6 != 0)
1514 			break;
1515 
1516 		while ((im6f = ip6_mfilter_first(&im6o->im6o_head)) != NULL) {
1517 			ip6_mfilter_remove(&im6o->im6o_head, im6f);
1518 			in6_leavegroup(im6f->im6f_in6m, NULL);
1519 			ip6_mfilter_free(im6f);
1520 		}
1521 		break;
1522 #endif
1523 	}
1524 }
1525 
1526 int
1527 carp_output(struct ifnet *ifp, struct mbuf *m, const struct sockaddr *sa)
1528 {
1529 	struct m_tag *mtag;
1530 	struct carp_softc *sc;
1531 
1532 	if (!sa)
1533 		return (0);
1534 
1535 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
1536 #ifdef INET
1537 	case AF_INET:
1538 		break;
1539 #endif
1540 #ifdef INET6
1541 	case AF_INET6:
1542 		break;
1543 #endif
1544 	default:
1545 		return (0);
1546 	}
1547 
1548 	mtag = m_tag_find(m, PACKET_TAG_CARP, NULL);
1549 	if (mtag == NULL)
1550 		return (0);
1551 
1552 	bcopy(mtag + 1, &sc, sizeof(sc));
1553 
1554 	/* Set the source MAC address to the Virtual Router MAC Address. */
1555 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
1556 	case IFT_ETHER:
1557 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
1558 	case IFT_L2VLAN: {
1559 			struct ether_header *eh;
1560 
1561 			eh = mtod(m, struct ether_header *);
1562 			eh->ether_shost[0] = 0;
1563 			eh->ether_shost[1] = 0;
1564 			eh->ether_shost[2] = 0x5e;
1565 			eh->ether_shost[3] = 0;
1566 			eh->ether_shost[4] = 1;
1567 			eh->ether_shost[5] = sc->sc_vhid;
1568 		}
1569 		break;
1570 	default:
1571 		printf("%s: carp is not supported for the %d interface type\n",
1572 		    ifp->if_xname, ifp->if_type);
1573 		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
1574 	}
1575 
1576 	return (0);
1577 }
1578 
1579 static struct carp_softc*
1580 carp_alloc(struct ifnet *ifp)
1581 {
1582 	struct carp_softc *sc;
1583 	struct carp_if *cif;
1584 
1585 	sx_assert(&carp_sx, SA_XLOCKED);
1586 
1587 	if ((cif = ifp->if_carp) == NULL)
1588 		cif = carp_alloc_if(ifp);
1589 
1590 	sc = malloc(sizeof(*sc), M_CARP, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
1591 
1592 	sc->sc_advbase = CARP_DFLTINTV;
1593 	sc->sc_vhid = -1;	/* required setting */
1594 	sc->sc_init_counter = 1;
1595 	sc->sc_state = INIT;
1596 
1597 	sc->sc_ifasiz = sizeof(struct ifaddr *);
1598 	sc->sc_ifas = malloc(sc->sc_ifasiz, M_CARP, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
1599 	sc->sc_carpdev = ifp;
1600 
1601 	CARP_LOCK_INIT(sc);
1602 #ifdef INET
1603 	callout_init_mtx(&sc->sc_md_tmo, &sc->sc_mtx, CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED);
1604 #endif
1605 #ifdef INET6
1606 	callout_init_mtx(&sc->sc_md6_tmo, &sc->sc_mtx, CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED);
1607 #endif
1608 	callout_init_mtx(&sc->sc_ad_tmo, &sc->sc_mtx, CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED);
1609 
1610 	CIF_LOCK(cif);
1611 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&cif->cif_vrs, sc, sc_list);
1612 	CIF_UNLOCK(cif);
1613 
1614 	mtx_lock(&carp_mtx);
1615 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&carp_list, sc, sc_next);
1616 	mtx_unlock(&carp_mtx);
1617 
1618 	return (sc);
1619 }
1620 
1621 static void
1622 carp_grow_ifas(struct carp_softc *sc)
1623 {
1624 	struct ifaddr **new;
1625 
1626 	new = malloc(sc->sc_ifasiz * 2, M_CARP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1627 	CARP_LOCK(sc);
1628 	bcopy(sc->sc_ifas, new, sc->sc_ifasiz);
1629 	free(sc->sc_ifas, M_CARP);
1630 	sc->sc_ifas = new;
1631 	sc->sc_ifasiz *= 2;
1632 	CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
1633 }
1634 
1635 static void
1636 carp_destroy(struct carp_softc *sc)
1637 {
1638 	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->sc_carpdev;
1639 	struct carp_if *cif = ifp->if_carp;
1640 
1641 	sx_assert(&carp_sx, SA_XLOCKED);
1642 
1643 	if (sc->sc_suppress)
1644 		carp_demote_adj(-V_carp_ifdown_adj, "vhid removed");
1645 	CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
1646 
1647 	CIF_LOCK(cif);
1648 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&cif->cif_vrs, sc, sc_list);
1649 	CIF_UNLOCK(cif);
1650 
1651 	mtx_lock(&carp_mtx);
1652 	LIST_REMOVE(sc, sc_next);
1653 	mtx_unlock(&carp_mtx);
1654 
1655 	callout_drain(&sc->sc_ad_tmo);
1656 #ifdef INET
1657 	callout_drain(&sc->sc_md_tmo);
1658 #endif
1659 #ifdef INET6
1660 	callout_drain(&sc->sc_md6_tmo);
1661 #endif
1662 	CARP_LOCK_DESTROY(sc);
1663 
1664 	free(sc->sc_ifas, M_CARP);
1665 	free(sc, M_CARP);
1666 }
1667 
1668 static struct carp_if*
1669 carp_alloc_if(struct ifnet *ifp)
1670 {
1671 	struct carp_if *cif;
1672 	int error;
1673 
1674 	cif = malloc(sizeof(*cif), M_CARP, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
1675 
1676 	if ((error = ifpromisc(ifp, 1)) != 0)
1677 		printf("%s: ifpromisc(%s) failed: %d\n",
1678 		    __func__, ifp->if_xname, error);
1679 	else
1680 		cif->cif_flags |= CIF_PROMISC;
1681 
1682 	CIF_LOCK_INIT(cif);
1683 	cif->cif_ifp = ifp;
1684 	TAILQ_INIT(&cif->cif_vrs);
1685 
1686 	IF_ADDR_WLOCK(ifp);
1687 	ifp->if_carp = cif;
1688 	if_ref(ifp);
1689 	IF_ADDR_WUNLOCK(ifp);
1690 
1691 	return (cif);
1692 }
1693 
1694 static void
1695 carp_free_if(struct carp_if *cif)
1696 {
1697 	struct ifnet *ifp = cif->cif_ifp;
1698 
1699 	CIF_LOCK_ASSERT(cif);
1700 	KASSERT(TAILQ_EMPTY(&cif->cif_vrs), ("%s: softc list not empty",
1701 	    __func__));
1702 
1703 	IF_ADDR_WLOCK(ifp);
1704 	ifp->if_carp = NULL;
1705 	IF_ADDR_WUNLOCK(ifp);
1706 
1707 	CIF_LOCK_DESTROY(cif);
1708 
1709 	if (cif->cif_flags & CIF_PROMISC)
1710 		ifpromisc(ifp, 0);
1711 	if_rele(ifp);
1712 
1713 	free(cif, M_CARP);
1714 }
1715 
1716 static void
1717 carp_carprcp(struct carpreq *carpr, struct carp_softc *sc, int priv)
1718 {
1719 
1720 	CARP_LOCK(sc);
1721 	carpr->carpr_state = sc->sc_state;
1722 	carpr->carpr_vhid = sc->sc_vhid;
1723 	carpr->carpr_advbase = sc->sc_advbase;
1724 	carpr->carpr_advskew = sc->sc_advskew;
1725 	if (priv)
1726 		bcopy(sc->sc_key, carpr->carpr_key, sizeof(carpr->carpr_key));
1727 	else
1728 		bzero(carpr->carpr_key, sizeof(carpr->carpr_key));
1729 	CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
1730 }
1731 
1732 int
1733 carp_ioctl(struct ifreq *ifr, u_long cmd, struct thread *td)
1734 {
1735 	struct carpreq carpr;
1736 	struct ifnet *ifp;
1737 	struct carp_softc *sc = NULL;
1738 	int error = 0, locked = 0;
1739 
1740 	if ((error = copyin(ifr_data_get_ptr(ifr), &carpr, sizeof carpr)))
1741 		return (error);
1742 
1743 	ifp = ifunit_ref(ifr->ifr_name);
1744 	if (ifp == NULL)
1745 		return (ENXIO);
1746 
1747 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
1748 	case IFT_ETHER:
1749 	case IFT_L2VLAN:
1750 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
1751 		break;
1752 	default:
1753 		error = EOPNOTSUPP;
1754 		goto out;
1755 	}
1756 
1757 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_MULTICAST) == 0) {
1758 		error = EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1759 		goto out;
1760 	}
1761 
1762 	sx_xlock(&carp_sx);
1763 	switch (cmd) {
1764 	case SIOCSVH:
1765 		if ((error = priv_check(td, PRIV_NETINET_CARP)))
1766 			break;
1767 		if (carpr.carpr_vhid <= 0 || carpr.carpr_vhid > CARP_MAXVHID ||
1768 		    carpr.carpr_advbase < 0 || carpr.carpr_advskew < 0) {
1769 			error = EINVAL;
1770 			break;
1771 		}
1772 
1773 		if (ifp->if_carp) {
1774 			IFNET_FOREACH_CARP(ifp, sc)
1775 				if (sc->sc_vhid == carpr.carpr_vhid)
1776 					break;
1777 		}
1778 		if (sc == NULL) {
1779 			sc = carp_alloc(ifp);
1780 			CARP_LOCK(sc);
1781 			sc->sc_vhid = carpr.carpr_vhid;
1782 			LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr)[0] = 0;
1783 			LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr)[1] = 0;
1784 			LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr)[2] = 0x5e;
1785 			LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr)[3] = 0;
1786 			LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr)[4] = 1;
1787 			LLADDR(&sc->sc_addr)[5] = sc->sc_vhid;
1788 		} else
1789 			CARP_LOCK(sc);
1790 		locked = 1;
1791 		if (carpr.carpr_advbase > 0) {
1792 			if (carpr.carpr_advbase > 255 ||
1793 			    carpr.carpr_advbase < CARP_DFLTINTV) {
1794 				error = EINVAL;
1795 				break;
1796 			}
1797 			sc->sc_advbase = carpr.carpr_advbase;
1798 		}
1799 		if (carpr.carpr_advskew >= 255) {
1800 			error = EINVAL;
1801 			break;
1802 		}
1803 		sc->sc_advskew = carpr.carpr_advskew;
1804 		if (carpr.carpr_key[0] != '\0') {
1805 			bcopy(carpr.carpr_key, sc->sc_key, sizeof(sc->sc_key));
1806 			carp_hmac_prepare(sc);
1807 		}
1808 		if (sc->sc_state != INIT &&
1809 		    carpr.carpr_state != sc->sc_state) {
1810 			switch (carpr.carpr_state) {
1811 			case BACKUP:
1812 				callout_stop(&sc->sc_ad_tmo);
1813 				carp_set_state(sc, BACKUP,
1814 				    "user requested via ifconfig");
1815 				carp_setrun(sc, 0);
1816 				carp_delroute(sc);
1817 				break;
1818 			case MASTER:
1819 				carp_master_down_locked(sc,
1820 				    "user requested via ifconfig");
1821 				break;
1822 			default:
1823 				break;
1824 			}
1825 		}
1826 		break;
1827 
1828 	case SIOCGVH:
1829 	    {
1830 		int priveleged;
1831 
1832 		if (carpr.carpr_vhid < 0 || carpr.carpr_vhid > CARP_MAXVHID) {
1833 			error = EINVAL;
1834 			break;
1835 		}
1836 		if (carpr.carpr_count < 1) {
1837 			error = EMSGSIZE;
1838 			break;
1839 		}
1840 		if (ifp->if_carp == NULL) {
1841 			error = ENOENT;
1842 			break;
1843 		}
1844 
1845 		priveleged = (priv_check(td, PRIV_NETINET_CARP) == 0);
1846 		if (carpr.carpr_vhid != 0) {
1847 			IFNET_FOREACH_CARP(ifp, sc)
1848 				if (sc->sc_vhid == carpr.carpr_vhid)
1849 					break;
1850 			if (sc == NULL) {
1851 				error = ENOENT;
1852 				break;
1853 			}
1854 			carp_carprcp(&carpr, sc, priveleged);
1855 			error = copyout(&carpr, ifr_data_get_ptr(ifr),
1856 			    sizeof(carpr));
1857 		} else  {
1858 			int i, count;
1859 
1860 			count = 0;
1861 			IFNET_FOREACH_CARP(ifp, sc)
1862 				count++;
1863 
1864 			if (count > carpr.carpr_count) {
1865 				CIF_UNLOCK(ifp->if_carp);
1866 				error = EMSGSIZE;
1867 				break;
1868 			}
1869 
1870 			i = 0;
1871 			IFNET_FOREACH_CARP(ifp, sc) {
1872 				carp_carprcp(&carpr, sc, priveleged);
1873 				carpr.carpr_count = count;
1874 				error = copyout(&carpr,
1875 				    (char *)ifr_data_get_ptr(ifr) +
1876 				    (i * sizeof(carpr)), sizeof(carpr));
1877 				if (error) {
1878 					CIF_UNLOCK(ifp->if_carp);
1879 					break;
1880 				}
1881 				i++;
1882 			}
1883 		}
1884 		break;
1885 	    }
1886 	default:
1887 		error = EINVAL;
1888 	}
1889 	sx_xunlock(&carp_sx);
1890 
1891 out:
1892 	if (locked)
1893 		CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
1894 	if_rele(ifp);
1895 
1896 	return (error);
1897 }
1898 
1899 static int
1900 carp_get_vhid(struct ifaddr *ifa)
1901 {
1902 
1903 	if (ifa == NULL || ifa->ifa_carp == NULL)
1904 		return (0);
1905 
1906 	return (ifa->ifa_carp->sc_vhid);
1907 }
1908 
1909 int
1910 carp_attach(struct ifaddr *ifa, int vhid)
1911 {
1912 	struct ifnet *ifp = ifa->ifa_ifp;
1913 	struct carp_if *cif = ifp->if_carp;
1914 	struct carp_softc *sc;
1915 	int index, error;
1916 
1917 	KASSERT(ifa->ifa_carp == NULL, ("%s: ifa %p attached", __func__, ifa));
1918 
1919 	switch (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family) {
1920 #ifdef INET
1921 	case AF_INET:
1922 #endif
1923 #ifdef INET6
1924 	case AF_INET6:
1925 #endif
1926 		break;
1927 	default:
1928 		return (EPROTOTYPE);
1929 	}
1930 
1931 	sx_xlock(&carp_sx);
1932 	if (ifp->if_carp == NULL) {
1933 		sx_xunlock(&carp_sx);
1934 		return (ENOPROTOOPT);
1935 	}
1936 
1937 	IFNET_FOREACH_CARP(ifp, sc)
1938 		if (sc->sc_vhid == vhid)
1939 			break;
1940 	if (sc == NULL) {
1941 		sx_xunlock(&carp_sx);
1942 		return (ENOENT);
1943 	}
1944 
1945 	error = carp_multicast_setup(cif, ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family);
1946 	if (error) {
1947 		CIF_FREE(cif);
1948 		sx_xunlock(&carp_sx);
1949 		return (error);
1950 	}
1951 
1952 	index = sc->sc_naddrs + sc->sc_naddrs6 + 1;
1953 	if (index > sc->sc_ifasiz / sizeof(struct ifaddr *))
1954 		carp_grow_ifas(sc);
1955 
1956 	switch (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family) {
1957 #ifdef INET
1958 	case AF_INET:
1959 		cif->cif_naddrs++;
1960 		sc->sc_naddrs++;
1961 		break;
1962 #endif
1963 #ifdef INET6
1964 	case AF_INET6:
1965 		cif->cif_naddrs6++;
1966 		sc->sc_naddrs6++;
1967 		break;
1968 #endif
1969 	}
1970 
1971 	ifa_ref(ifa);
1972 
1973 	CARP_LOCK(sc);
1974 	sc->sc_ifas[index - 1] = ifa;
1975 	ifa->ifa_carp = sc;
1976 	carp_hmac_prepare(sc);
1977 	carp_sc_state(sc);
1978 	CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
1979 
1980 	sx_xunlock(&carp_sx);
1981 
1982 	return (0);
1983 }
1984 
1985 void
1986 carp_detach(struct ifaddr *ifa, bool keep_cif)
1987 {
1988 	struct ifnet *ifp = ifa->ifa_ifp;
1989 	struct carp_if *cif = ifp->if_carp;
1990 	struct carp_softc *sc = ifa->ifa_carp;
1991 	int i, index;
1992 
1993 	KASSERT(sc != NULL, ("%s: %p not attached", __func__, ifa));
1994 
1995 	sx_xlock(&carp_sx);
1996 
1997 	CARP_LOCK(sc);
1998 	/* Shift array. */
1999 	index = sc->sc_naddrs + sc->sc_naddrs6;
2000 	for (i = 0; i < index; i++)
2001 		if (sc->sc_ifas[i] == ifa)
2002 			break;
2003 	KASSERT(i < index, ("%s: %p no backref", __func__, ifa));
2004 	for (; i < index - 1; i++)
2005 		sc->sc_ifas[i] = sc->sc_ifas[i+1];
2006 	sc->sc_ifas[index - 1] = NULL;
2007 
2008 	switch (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family) {
2009 #ifdef INET
2010 	case AF_INET:
2011 		cif->cif_naddrs--;
2012 		sc->sc_naddrs--;
2013 		break;
2014 #endif
2015 #ifdef INET6
2016 	case AF_INET6:
2017 		cif->cif_naddrs6--;
2018 		sc->sc_naddrs6--;
2019 		break;
2020 #endif
2021 	}
2022 
2023 	carp_ifa_delroute(ifa);
2024 	carp_multicast_cleanup(cif, ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family);
2025 
2026 	ifa->ifa_carp = NULL;
2027 	ifa_free(ifa);
2028 
2029 	carp_hmac_prepare(sc);
2030 	carp_sc_state(sc);
2031 
2032 	if (!keep_cif && sc->sc_naddrs == 0 && sc->sc_naddrs6 == 0)
2033 		carp_destroy(sc);
2034 	else
2035 		CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
2036 
2037 	if (!keep_cif)
2038 		CIF_FREE(cif);
2039 
2040 	sx_xunlock(&carp_sx);
2041 }
2042 
2043 static void
2044 carp_set_state(struct carp_softc *sc, int state, const char *reason)
2045 {
2046 
2047 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
2048 
2049 	if (sc->sc_state != state) {
2050 		const char *carp_states[] = { CARP_STATES };
2051 		char subsys[IFNAMSIZ+5];
2052 
2053 		snprintf(subsys, IFNAMSIZ+5, "%u@%s", sc->sc_vhid,
2054 		    sc->sc_carpdev->if_xname);
2055 
2056 		CARP_LOG("%s: %s -> %s (%s)\n", subsys,
2057 		    carp_states[sc->sc_state], carp_states[state], reason);
2058 
2059 		sc->sc_state = state;
2060 
2061 		devctl_notify("CARP", subsys, carp_states[state], NULL);
2062 	}
2063 }
2064 
2065 static void
2066 carp_linkstate(struct ifnet *ifp)
2067 {
2068 	struct carp_softc *sc;
2069 
2070 	CIF_LOCK(ifp->if_carp);
2071 	IFNET_FOREACH_CARP(ifp, sc) {
2072 		CARP_LOCK(sc);
2073 		carp_sc_state(sc);
2074 		CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
2075 	}
2076 	CIF_UNLOCK(ifp->if_carp);
2077 }
2078 
2079 static void
2080 carp_sc_state(struct carp_softc *sc)
2081 {
2082 
2083 	CARP_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
2084 
2085 	if (sc->sc_carpdev->if_link_state != LINK_STATE_UP ||
2086 	    !(sc->sc_carpdev->if_flags & IFF_UP) ||
2087 	    !V_carp_allow) {
2088 		callout_stop(&sc->sc_ad_tmo);
2089 #ifdef INET
2090 		callout_stop(&sc->sc_md_tmo);
2091 #endif
2092 #ifdef INET6
2093 		callout_stop(&sc->sc_md6_tmo);
2094 #endif
2095 		carp_set_state(sc, INIT, "hardware interface down");
2096 		carp_setrun(sc, 0);
2097 		if (!sc->sc_suppress)
2098 			carp_demote_adj(V_carp_ifdown_adj, "interface down");
2099 		sc->sc_suppress = 1;
2100 	} else {
2101 		carp_set_state(sc, INIT, "hardware interface up");
2102 		carp_setrun(sc, 0);
2103 		if (sc->sc_suppress)
2104 			carp_demote_adj(-V_carp_ifdown_adj, "interface up");
2105 		sc->sc_suppress = 0;
2106 	}
2107 }
2108 
2109 static void
2110 carp_demote_adj(int adj, char *reason)
2111 {
2112 	atomic_add_int(&V_carp_demotion, adj);
2113 	CARP_LOG("demoted by %d to %d (%s)\n", adj, V_carp_demotion, reason);
2114 	taskqueue_enqueue(taskqueue_swi, &carp_sendall_task);
2115 }
2116 
2117 static int
2118 carp_allow_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2119 {
2120 	int new, error;
2121 	struct carp_softc *sc;
2122 
2123 	new = V_carp_allow;
2124 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &new, 0, req);
2125 	if (error || !req->newptr)
2126 		return (error);
2127 
2128 	if (V_carp_allow != new) {
2129 		V_carp_allow = new;
2130 
2131 		mtx_lock(&carp_mtx);
2132 		LIST_FOREACH(sc, &carp_list, sc_next) {
2133 			CARP_LOCK(sc);
2134 			if (curvnet == sc->sc_carpdev->if_vnet)
2135 				carp_sc_state(sc);
2136 			CARP_UNLOCK(sc);
2137 		}
2138 		mtx_unlock(&carp_mtx);
2139 	}
2140 
2141 	return (0);
2142 }
2143 
2144 static int
2145 carp_dscp_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2146 {
2147 	int new, error;
2148 
2149 	new = V_carp_dscp;
2150 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &new, 0, req);
2151 	if (error || !req->newptr)
2152 		return (error);
2153 
2154 	if (new < 0 || new > 63)
2155 		return (EINVAL);
2156 
2157 	V_carp_dscp = new;
2158 
2159 	return (0);
2160 }
2161 
2162 static int
2163 carp_demote_adj_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2164 {
2165 	int new, error;
2166 
2167 	new = V_carp_demotion;
2168 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &new, 0, req);
2169 	if (error || !req->newptr)
2170 		return (error);
2171 
2172 	carp_demote_adj(new, "sysctl");
2173 
2174 	return (0);
2175 }
2176 
2177 #ifdef INET
2178 extern  struct domain inetdomain;
2179 static struct protosw in_carp_protosw = {
2180 	.pr_type =		SOCK_RAW,
2181 	.pr_domain =		&inetdomain,
2182 	.pr_protocol =		IPPROTO_CARP,
2183 	.pr_flags =		PR_ATOMIC|PR_ADDR,
2184 	.pr_input =		carp_input,
2185 	.pr_output =		rip_output,
2186 	.pr_ctloutput =		rip_ctloutput,
2187 	.pr_usrreqs =		&rip_usrreqs
2188 };
2189 #endif
2190 
2191 #ifdef INET6
2192 extern	struct domain inet6domain;
2193 static struct protosw in6_carp_protosw = {
2194 	.pr_type =		SOCK_RAW,
2195 	.pr_domain =		&inet6domain,
2196 	.pr_protocol =		IPPROTO_CARP,
2197 	.pr_flags =		PR_ATOMIC|PR_ADDR,
2198 	.pr_input =		carp6_input,
2199 	.pr_output =		rip6_output,
2200 	.pr_ctloutput =		rip6_ctloutput,
2201 	.pr_usrreqs =		&rip6_usrreqs
2202 };
2203 #endif
2204 
2205 static void
2206 carp_mod_cleanup(void)
2207 {
2208 
2209 #ifdef INET
2210 	if (proto_reg[CARP_INET] == 0) {
2211 		(void)ipproto_unregister(IPPROTO_CARP);
2212 		pf_proto_unregister(PF_INET, IPPROTO_CARP, SOCK_RAW);
2213 		proto_reg[CARP_INET] = -1;
2214 	}
2215 	carp_iamatch_p = NULL;
2216 #endif
2217 #ifdef INET6
2218 	if (proto_reg[CARP_INET6] == 0) {
2219 		(void)ip6proto_unregister(IPPROTO_CARP);
2220 		pf_proto_unregister(PF_INET6, IPPROTO_CARP, SOCK_RAW);
2221 		proto_reg[CARP_INET6] = -1;
2222 	}
2223 	carp_iamatch6_p = NULL;
2224 	carp_macmatch6_p = NULL;
2225 #endif
2226 	carp_ioctl_p = NULL;
2227 	carp_attach_p = NULL;
2228 	carp_detach_p = NULL;
2229 	carp_get_vhid_p = NULL;
2230 	carp_linkstate_p = NULL;
2231 	carp_forus_p = NULL;
2232 	carp_output_p = NULL;
2233 	carp_demote_adj_p = NULL;
2234 	carp_master_p = NULL;
2235 	mtx_unlock(&carp_mtx);
2236 	taskqueue_drain(taskqueue_swi, &carp_sendall_task);
2237 	mtx_destroy(&carp_mtx);
2238 	sx_destroy(&carp_sx);
2239 }
2240 
2241 static int
2242 carp_mod_load(void)
2243 {
2244 	int err;
2245 
2246 	mtx_init(&carp_mtx, "carp_mtx", NULL, MTX_DEF);
2247 	sx_init(&carp_sx, "carp_sx");
2248 	LIST_INIT(&carp_list);
2249 	carp_get_vhid_p = carp_get_vhid;
2250 	carp_forus_p = carp_forus;
2251 	carp_output_p = carp_output;
2252 	carp_linkstate_p = carp_linkstate;
2253 	carp_ioctl_p = carp_ioctl;
2254 	carp_attach_p = carp_attach;
2255 	carp_detach_p = carp_detach;
2256 	carp_demote_adj_p = carp_demote_adj;
2257 	carp_master_p = carp_master;
2258 #ifdef INET6
2259 	carp_iamatch6_p = carp_iamatch6;
2260 	carp_macmatch6_p = carp_macmatch6;
2261 	proto_reg[CARP_INET6] = pf_proto_register(PF_INET6,
2262 	    (struct protosw *)&in6_carp_protosw);
2263 	if (proto_reg[CARP_INET6]) {
2264 		printf("carp: error %d attaching to PF_INET6\n",
2265 		    proto_reg[CARP_INET6]);
2266 		carp_mod_cleanup();
2267 		return (proto_reg[CARP_INET6]);
2268 	}
2269 	err = ip6proto_register(IPPROTO_CARP);
2270 	if (err) {
2271 		printf("carp: error %d registering with INET6\n", err);
2272 		carp_mod_cleanup();
2273 		return (err);
2274 	}
2275 #endif
2276 #ifdef INET
2277 	carp_iamatch_p = carp_iamatch;
2278 	proto_reg[CARP_INET] = pf_proto_register(PF_INET, &in_carp_protosw);
2279 	if (proto_reg[CARP_INET]) {
2280 		printf("carp: error %d attaching to PF_INET\n",
2281 		    proto_reg[CARP_INET]);
2282 		carp_mod_cleanup();
2283 		return (proto_reg[CARP_INET]);
2284 	}
2285 	err = ipproto_register(IPPROTO_CARP);
2286 	if (err) {
2287 		printf("carp: error %d registering with INET\n", err);
2288 		carp_mod_cleanup();
2289 		return (err);
2290 	}
2291 #endif
2292 	return (0);
2293 }
2294 
2295 static int
2296 carp_modevent(module_t mod, int type, void *data)
2297 {
2298 	switch (type) {
2299 	case MOD_LOAD:
2300 		return carp_mod_load();
2301 		/* NOTREACHED */
2302 	case MOD_UNLOAD:
2303 		mtx_lock(&carp_mtx);
2304 		if (LIST_EMPTY(&carp_list))
2305 			carp_mod_cleanup();
2306 		else {
2307 			mtx_unlock(&carp_mtx);
2308 			return (EBUSY);
2309 		}
2310 		break;
2311 
2312 	default:
2313 		return (EINVAL);
2314 	}
2315 
2316 	return (0);
2317 }
2318 
2319 static moduledata_t carp_mod = {
2320 	"carp",
2321 	carp_modevent,
2322 	0
2323 };
2324 
2325 DECLARE_MODULE(carp, carp_mod, SI_SUB_PROTO_DOMAIN, SI_ORDER_ANY);
2326