xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/igmp.c (revision f856af0466c076beef4ea9b15d088e1119a945b8)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1988 Stephen Deering.
3  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
4  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
7  * Stephen Deering of Stanford University.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  *	@(#)igmp.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 7/19/93
34  * $FreeBSD$
35  */
36 
37 /*
38  * Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) routines.
39  *
40  * Written by Steve Deering, Stanford, May 1988.
41  * Modified by Rosen Sharma, Stanford, Aug 1994.
42  * Modified by Bill Fenner, Xerox PARC, Feb 1995.
43  * Modified to fully comply to IGMPv2 by Bill Fenner, Oct 1995.
44  *
45  * MULTICAST Revision: 3.5.1.4
46  */
47 
48 #include "opt_mac.h"
49 
50 #include <sys/param.h>
51 #include <sys/systm.h>
52 #include <sys/malloc.h>
53 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
54 #include <sys/socket.h>
55 #include <sys/protosw.h>
56 #include <sys/kernel.h>
57 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
58 
59 #include <net/if.h>
60 #include <net/route.h>
61 
62 #include <netinet/in.h>
63 #include <netinet/in_var.h>
64 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
65 #include <netinet/ip.h>
66 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
67 #include <netinet/ip_options.h>
68 #include <netinet/igmp.h>
69 #include <netinet/igmp_var.h>
70 
71 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
72 
73 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
74 
75 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_IGMP, "igmp", "igmp state");
76 
77 static struct router_info	*find_rti(struct ifnet *ifp);
78 static void	igmp_sendpkt(struct in_multi *, int, unsigned long);
79 
80 static struct igmpstat igmpstat;
81 
82 SYSCTL_STRUCT(_net_inet_igmp, IGMPCTL_STATS, stats, CTLFLAG_RW, &igmpstat,
83     igmpstat, "");
84 
85 /*
86  * igmp_mtx protects all mutable global variables in igmp.c, as well as the
87  * data fields in struct router_info.  In general, a router_info structure
88  * will be valid as long as the referencing struct in_multi is valid, so no
89  * reference counting is used.  We allow unlocked reads of router_info data
90  * when accessed via an in_multi read-only.
91  */
92 static struct mtx igmp_mtx;
93 static SLIST_HEAD(, router_info) router_info_head;
94 static int igmp_timers_are_running;
95 
96 /*
97  * XXXRW: can we define these such that these can be made const?  In any
98  * case, these shouldn't be changed after igmp_init() and therefore don't
99  * need locking.
100  */
101 static u_long igmp_all_hosts_group;
102 static u_long igmp_all_rtrs_group;
103 
104 static struct mbuf *router_alert;
105 static struct route igmprt;
106 
107 #ifdef IGMP_DEBUG
108 #define	IGMP_PRINTF(x)	printf(x)
109 #else
110 #define	IGMP_PRINTF(x)
111 #endif
112 
113 void
114 igmp_init(void)
115 {
116 	struct ipoption *ra;
117 
118 	/*
119 	 * To avoid byte-swapping the same value over and over again.
120 	 */
121 	igmp_all_hosts_group = htonl(INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP);
122 	igmp_all_rtrs_group = htonl(INADDR_ALLRTRS_GROUP);
123 
124 	igmp_timers_are_running = 0;
125 
126 	/*
127 	 * Construct a Router Alert option to use in outgoing packets.
128 	 */
129 	MGET(router_alert, M_DONTWAIT, MT_DATA);
130 	ra = mtod(router_alert, struct ipoption *);
131 	ra->ipopt_dst.s_addr = 0;
132 	ra->ipopt_list[0] = IPOPT_RA;	/* Router Alert Option */
133 	ra->ipopt_list[1] = 0x04;	/* 4 bytes long */
134 	ra->ipopt_list[2] = 0x00;
135 	ra->ipopt_list[3] = 0x00;
136 	router_alert->m_len = sizeof(ra->ipopt_dst) + ra->ipopt_list[1];
137 
138 	mtx_init(&igmp_mtx, "igmp_mtx", NULL, MTX_DEF);
139 	SLIST_INIT(&router_info_head);
140 }
141 
142 static struct router_info *
143 find_rti(struct ifnet *ifp)
144 {
145 	struct router_info *rti;
146 
147 	mtx_assert(&igmp_mtx, MA_OWNED);
148 	IGMP_PRINTF("[igmp.c, _find_rti] --> entering \n");
149 	SLIST_FOREACH(rti, &router_info_head, rti_list) {
150 		if (rti->rti_ifp == ifp) {
151 			IGMP_PRINTF(
152 			    "[igmp.c, _find_rti] --> found old entry \n");
153 			return (rti);
154 		}
155 	}
156 	MALLOC(rti, struct router_info *, sizeof *rti, M_IGMP, M_NOWAIT);
157 	if (rti == NULL) {
158 		IGMP_PRINTF("[igmp.c, _find_rti] --> no memory for entry\n");
159 		return (NULL);
160 	}
161 	rti->rti_ifp = ifp;
162 	rti->rti_type = IGMP_V2_ROUTER;
163 	rti->rti_time = 0;
164 	SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&router_info_head, rti, rti_list);
165 	IGMP_PRINTF("[igmp.c, _find_rti] --> created an entry \n");
166 	return (rti);
167 }
168 
169 void
170 igmp_input(register struct mbuf *m, int off)
171 {
172 	register int iphlen = off;
173 	register struct igmp *igmp;
174 	register struct ip *ip;
175 	register int igmplen;
176 	register struct ifnet *ifp = m->m_pkthdr.rcvif;
177 	register int minlen;
178 	register struct in_multi *inm;
179 	register struct in_ifaddr *ia;
180 	struct in_multistep step;
181 	struct router_info *rti;
182 	int timer; /** timer value in the igmp query header **/
183 
184 	++igmpstat.igps_rcv_total;
185 
186 	ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
187 	igmplen = ip->ip_len;
188 
189 	/*
190 	 * Validate lengths.
191 	 */
192 	if (igmplen < IGMP_MINLEN) {
193 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_tooshort;
194 		m_freem(m);
195 		return;
196 	}
197 	minlen = iphlen + IGMP_MINLEN;
198 	if ((m->m_flags & M_EXT || m->m_len < minlen) &&
199 	    (m = m_pullup(m, minlen)) == 0) {
200 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_tooshort;
201 		return;
202 	}
203 
204 	/*
205 	 * Validate checksum.
206 	 */
207 	m->m_data += iphlen;
208 	m->m_len -= iphlen;
209 	igmp = mtod(m, struct igmp *);
210 	if (in_cksum(m, igmplen)) {
211 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_badsum;
212 		m_freem(m);
213 		return;
214 	}
215 	m->m_data -= iphlen;
216 	m->m_len += iphlen;
217 
218 	ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
219 	timer = igmp->igmp_code * PR_FASTHZ / IGMP_TIMER_SCALE;
220 	if (timer == 0)
221 		timer = 1;
222 
223 	/*
224 	 * In the IGMPv2 specification, there are 3 states and a flag.
225 	 *
226 	 * In Non-Member state, we simply don't have a membership record.
227 	 * In Delaying Member state, our timer is running (inm->inm_timer).
228 	 * In Idle Member state, our timer is not running (inm->inm_timer==0).
229 	 *
230 	 * The flag is inm->inm_state, it is set to IGMP_OTHERMEMBER if we
231 	 * have heard a report from another member, or IGMP_IREPORTEDLAST if
232 	 * I sent the last report.
233 	 */
234 	switch (igmp->igmp_type) {
235 	case IGMP_MEMBERSHIP_QUERY:
236 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_queries;
237 
238 		if (ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
239 			break;
240 
241 		if (igmp->igmp_code == 0) {
242 			/*
243 			 * Old router.  Remember that the querier on this
244 			 * interface is old, and set the timer to the value
245 			 * in RFC 1112.
246 			 */
247 
248 			mtx_lock(&igmp_mtx);
249 			rti = find_rti(ifp);
250 			if (rti == NULL) {
251 				mtx_unlock(&igmp_mtx);
252 				m_freem(m);
253 				return;
254 			}
255 			rti->rti_type = IGMP_V1_ROUTER;
256 			rti->rti_time = 0;
257 			mtx_unlock(&igmp_mtx);
258 
259 			timer = IGMP_MAX_HOST_REPORT_DELAY * PR_FASTHZ;
260 
261 			if (ip->ip_dst.s_addr != igmp_all_hosts_group ||
262 			    igmp->igmp_group.s_addr != 0) {
263 				++igmpstat.igps_rcv_badqueries;
264 				m_freem(m);
265 				return;
266 			}
267 		} else {
268 			/*
269 			 * New router.  Simply do the new validity check.
270 			 */
271 
272 			if (igmp->igmp_group.s_addr != 0 &&
273 			    !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(igmp->igmp_group.s_addr))) {
274 				++igmpstat.igps_rcv_badqueries;
275 				m_freem(m);
276 				return;
277 			}
278 		}
279 
280 		/*
281 		 * - Start the timers in all of our membership records that
282 		 *   the query applies to for the interface on which the
283 		 *   query arrived excl. those that belong to the "all-hosts"
284 		 *   group (224.0.0.1).
285 		 * - Restart any timer that is already running but has a
286 		 *   value longer than the requested timeout.
287 		 * - Use the value specified in the query message as the
288 		 *   maximum timeout.
289 		 */
290 		IN_MULTI_LOCK();
291 		IN_FIRST_MULTI(step, inm);
292 		while (inm != NULL) {
293 			if (inm->inm_ifp == ifp &&
294 			    inm->inm_addr.s_addr != igmp_all_hosts_group &&
295 			    (igmp->igmp_group.s_addr == 0 ||
296 			     igmp->igmp_group.s_addr == inm->inm_addr.s_addr)) {
297 				if (inm->inm_timer == 0 ||
298 				    inm->inm_timer > timer) {
299 					inm->inm_timer =
300 						IGMP_RANDOM_DELAY(timer);
301 					igmp_timers_are_running = 1;
302 				}
303 			}
304 			IN_NEXT_MULTI(step, inm);
305 		}
306 		IN_MULTI_UNLOCK();
307 		break;
308 
309 	case IGMP_V1_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT:
310 	case IGMP_V2_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT:
311 		/*
312 		 * For fast leave to work, we have to know that we are the
313 		 * last person to send a report for this group.  Reports can
314 		 * potentially get looped back if we are a multicast router,
315 		 * so discard reports sourced by me.
316 		 */
317 		IFP_TO_IA(ifp, ia);
318 		if (ia != NULL &&
319 		    ip->ip_src.s_addr == IA_SIN(ia)->sin_addr.s_addr)
320 			break;
321 
322 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_reports;
323 
324 		if (ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
325 			break;
326 
327 		if (!IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(igmp->igmp_group.s_addr))) {
328 			++igmpstat.igps_rcv_badreports;
329 			m_freem(m);
330 			return;
331 		}
332 
333 		/*
334 		 * KLUDGE: if the IP source address of the report has an
335 		 * unspecified (i.e., zero) subnet number, as is allowed for
336 		 * a booting host, replace it with the correct subnet number
337 		 * so that a process-level multicast routing daemon can
338 		 * determine which subnet it arrived from.  This is necessary
339 		 * to compensate for the lack of any way for a process to
340 		 * determine the arrival interface of an incoming packet.
341 		 */
342 		if ((ntohl(ip->ip_src.s_addr) & IN_CLASSA_NET) == 0) {
343 			if (ia != NULL)
344 				ip->ip_src.s_addr = htonl(ia->ia_subnet);
345 		}
346 
347 		/*
348 		 * If we belong to the group being reported, stop our timer
349 		 * for that group.
350 		 */
351 		IN_MULTI_LOCK();
352 		IN_LOOKUP_MULTI(igmp->igmp_group, ifp, inm);
353 		if (inm != NULL) {
354 			inm->inm_timer = 0;
355 			++igmpstat.igps_rcv_ourreports;
356 			inm->inm_state = IGMP_OTHERMEMBER;
357 		}
358 		IN_MULTI_UNLOCK();
359 		break;
360 	}
361 
362 	/*
363 	 * Pass all valid IGMP packets up to any process(es) listening on a
364 	 * raw IGMP socket.
365 	 */
366 	rip_input(m, off);
367 }
368 
369 void
370 igmp_joingroup(struct in_multi *inm)
371 {
372 
373 	IN_MULTI_LOCK_ASSERT();
374 
375 	if (inm->inm_addr.s_addr == igmp_all_hosts_group
376 	    || inm->inm_ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) {
377 		inm->inm_timer = 0;
378 		inm->inm_state = IGMP_OTHERMEMBER;
379 	} else {
380 		mtx_lock(&igmp_mtx);
381 		inm->inm_rti = find_rti(inm->inm_ifp);
382 		mtx_unlock(&igmp_mtx);
383 		if (inm->inm_rti != NULL) {
384 			igmp_sendpkt(inm, inm->inm_rti->rti_type, 0);
385 			inm->inm_timer = IGMP_RANDOM_DELAY(
386 					IGMP_MAX_HOST_REPORT_DELAY*PR_FASTHZ);
387 			inm->inm_state = IGMP_IREPORTEDLAST;
388 			igmp_timers_are_running = 1;
389 		}
390 		/* XXX handling of failure case? */
391 	}
392 }
393 
394 void
395 igmp_leavegroup(struct in_multi *inm)
396 {
397 
398 	IN_MULTI_LOCK_ASSERT();
399 
400 	if (inm->inm_state == IGMP_IREPORTEDLAST &&
401 	    inm->inm_addr.s_addr != igmp_all_hosts_group &&
402 	    !(inm->inm_ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) &&
403 	    inm->inm_rti->rti_type != IGMP_V1_ROUTER)
404 		igmp_sendpkt(inm, IGMP_V2_LEAVE_GROUP, igmp_all_rtrs_group);
405 }
406 
407 void
408 igmp_fasttimo(void)
409 {
410 	register struct in_multi *inm;
411 	struct in_multistep step;
412 
413 	/*
414 	 * Quick check to see if any work needs to be done, in order to
415 	 * minimize the overhead of fasttimo processing.
416 	 */
417 
418 	if (!igmp_timers_are_running)
419 		return;
420 
421 	IN_MULTI_LOCK();
422 	igmp_timers_are_running = 0;
423 	IN_FIRST_MULTI(step, inm);
424 	while (inm != NULL) {
425 		if (inm->inm_timer == 0) {
426 			/* do nothing */
427 		} else if (--inm->inm_timer == 0) {
428 			igmp_sendpkt(inm, inm->inm_rti->rti_type, 0);
429 			inm->inm_state = IGMP_IREPORTEDLAST;
430 		} else {
431 			igmp_timers_are_running = 1;
432 		}
433 		IN_NEXT_MULTI(step, inm);
434 	}
435 	IN_MULTI_UNLOCK();
436 }
437 
438 void
439 igmp_slowtimo(void)
440 {
441 	struct router_info *rti;
442 
443 	IGMP_PRINTF("[igmp.c,_slowtimo] -- > entering \n");
444 	mtx_lock(&igmp_mtx);
445 	SLIST_FOREACH(rti, &router_info_head, rti_list) {
446 		if (rti->rti_type == IGMP_V1_ROUTER) {
447 			rti->rti_time++;
448 			if (rti->rti_time >= IGMP_AGE_THRESHOLD)
449 				rti->rti_type = IGMP_V2_ROUTER;
450 		}
451 	}
452 	mtx_unlock(&igmp_mtx);
453 	IGMP_PRINTF("[igmp.c,_slowtimo] -- > exiting \n");
454 }
455 
456 static void
457 igmp_sendpkt(struct in_multi *inm, int type, unsigned long addr)
458 {
459 	struct mbuf *m;
460 	struct igmp *igmp;
461 	struct ip *ip;
462 	struct ip_moptions imo;
463 
464 	IN_MULTI_LOCK_ASSERT();
465 
466 	MGETHDR(m, M_DONTWAIT, MT_DATA);
467 	if (m == NULL)
468 		return;
469 
470 	m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = loif;
471 #ifdef MAC
472 	mac_create_mbuf_linklayer(inm->inm_ifp, m);
473 #endif
474 	m->m_pkthdr.len = sizeof(struct ip) + IGMP_MINLEN;
475 	MH_ALIGN(m, IGMP_MINLEN + sizeof(struct ip));
476 	m->m_data += sizeof(struct ip);
477 	m->m_len = IGMP_MINLEN;
478 	igmp = mtod(m, struct igmp *);
479 	igmp->igmp_type = type;
480 	igmp->igmp_code = 0;
481 	igmp->igmp_group = inm->inm_addr;
482 	igmp->igmp_cksum = 0;
483 	igmp->igmp_cksum = in_cksum(m, IGMP_MINLEN);
484 
485 	m->m_data -= sizeof(struct ip);
486 	m->m_len += sizeof(struct ip);
487 	ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
488 	ip->ip_tos = 0;
489 	ip->ip_len = sizeof(struct ip) + IGMP_MINLEN;
490 	ip->ip_off = 0;
491 	ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_IGMP;
492 	ip->ip_src.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
493 	ip->ip_dst.s_addr = addr ? addr : igmp->igmp_group.s_addr;
494 
495 	imo.imo_multicast_ifp  = inm->inm_ifp;
496 	imo.imo_multicast_ttl  = 1;
497 	imo.imo_multicast_vif  = -1;
498 	/*
499 	 * Request loopback of the report if we are acting as a multicast
500 	 * router, so that the process-level routing daemon can hear it.
501 	 */
502 	imo.imo_multicast_loop = (ip_mrouter != NULL);
503 
504 	/*
505 	 * XXX: Do we have to worry about reentrancy here?  Don't think so.
506 	 */
507 	ip_output(m, router_alert, &igmprt, 0, &imo, NULL);
508 
509 	++igmpstat.igps_snd_reports;
510 }
511