xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/igmp.c (revision acd3428b7d3e94cef0e1881c868cb4b131d4ff41)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1988 Stephen Deering.
3  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
4  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
7  * Stephen Deering of Stanford University.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  *	@(#)igmp.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 7/19/93
34  * $FreeBSD$
35  */
36 
37 /*
38  * Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) routines.
39  *
40  * Written by Steve Deering, Stanford, May 1988.
41  * Modified by Rosen Sharma, Stanford, Aug 1994.
42  * Modified by Bill Fenner, Xerox PARC, Feb 1995.
43  * Modified to fully comply to IGMPv2 by Bill Fenner, Oct 1995.
44  *
45  * MULTICAST Revision: 3.5.1.4
46  */
47 
48 #include "opt_mac.h"
49 
50 #include <sys/param.h>
51 #include <sys/systm.h>
52 #include <sys/malloc.h>
53 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
54 #include <sys/socket.h>
55 #include <sys/protosw.h>
56 #include <sys/kernel.h>
57 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
58 
59 #include <net/if.h>
60 #include <net/route.h>
61 
62 #include <netinet/in.h>
63 #include <netinet/in_var.h>
64 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
65 #include <netinet/ip.h>
66 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
67 #include <netinet/ip_options.h>
68 #include <netinet/igmp.h>
69 #include <netinet/igmp_var.h>
70 
71 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
72 
73 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
74 
75 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_IGMP, "igmp", "igmp state");
76 
77 static struct router_info	*find_rti(struct ifnet *ifp);
78 static void	igmp_sendpkt(struct in_multi *, int, unsigned long);
79 
80 static struct igmpstat igmpstat;
81 
82 SYSCTL_STRUCT(_net_inet_igmp, IGMPCTL_STATS, stats, CTLFLAG_RW, &igmpstat,
83     igmpstat, "");
84 
85 /*
86  * igmp_mtx protects all mutable global variables in igmp.c, as well as
87  * the data fields in struct router_info.  In general, a router_info
88  * structure will be valid as long as the referencing struct in_multi is
89  * valid, so no reference counting is used.  We allow unlocked reads of
90  * router_info data when accessed via an in_multi read-only.
91  */
92 static struct mtx igmp_mtx;
93 static SLIST_HEAD(, router_info) router_info_head;
94 static int igmp_timers_are_running;
95 
96 /*
97  * XXXRW: can we define these such that these can be made const?  In any
98  * case, these shouldn't be changed after igmp_init() and therefore don't
99  * need locking.
100  */
101 static u_long igmp_all_hosts_group;
102 static u_long igmp_all_rtrs_group;
103 
104 static struct mbuf *router_alert;
105 static struct route igmprt;
106 
107 #ifdef IGMP_DEBUG
108 #define	IGMP_PRINTF(x)	printf(x)
109 #else
110 #define	IGMP_PRINTF(x)
111 #endif
112 
113 void
114 igmp_init(void)
115 {
116 	struct ipoption *ra;
117 
118 	/*
119 	 * To avoid byte-swapping the same value over and over again.
120 	 */
121 	igmp_all_hosts_group = htonl(INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP);
122 	igmp_all_rtrs_group = htonl(INADDR_ALLRTRS_GROUP);
123 
124 	igmp_timers_are_running = 0;
125 
126 	/*
127 	 * Construct a Router Alert option to use in outgoing packets
128 	 */
129 	MGET(router_alert, M_DONTWAIT, MT_DATA);
130 	ra = mtod(router_alert, struct ipoption *);
131 	ra->ipopt_dst.s_addr = 0;
132 	ra->ipopt_list[0] = IPOPT_RA;	/* Router Alert Option */
133 	ra->ipopt_list[1] = 0x04;	/* 4 bytes long */
134 	ra->ipopt_list[2] = 0x00;
135 	ra->ipopt_list[3] = 0x00;
136 	router_alert->m_len = sizeof(ra->ipopt_dst) + ra->ipopt_list[1];
137 
138 	mtx_init(&igmp_mtx, "igmp_mtx", NULL, MTX_DEF);
139 	SLIST_INIT(&router_info_head);
140 }
141 
142 static struct router_info *
143 find_rti(struct ifnet *ifp)
144 {
145 	struct router_info *rti;
146 
147 	mtx_assert(&igmp_mtx, MA_OWNED);
148 	IGMP_PRINTF("[igmp.c, _find_rti] --> entering \n");
149 	SLIST_FOREACH(rti, &router_info_head, rti_list) {
150 		if (rti->rti_ifp == ifp) {
151 			IGMP_PRINTF(
152 			    "[igmp.c, _find_rti] --> found old entry \n");
153 			return rti;
154 		}
155 	}
156 	MALLOC(rti, struct router_info *, sizeof *rti, M_IGMP, M_NOWAIT);
157 	if (rti == NULL) {
158 		IGMP_PRINTF( "[igmp.c, _find_rti] --> no memory for entry\n");
159 		return NULL;
160 	}
161 	rti->rti_ifp = ifp;
162 	rti->rti_type = IGMP_V2_ROUTER;
163 	rti->rti_time = 0;
164 	SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&router_info_head, rti, rti_list);
165 
166 	IGMP_PRINTF("[igmp.c, _find_rti] --> created an entry \n");
167 	return rti;
168 }
169 
170 void
171 igmp_input(register struct mbuf *m, int off)
172 {
173 	register int iphlen = off;
174 	register struct igmp *igmp;
175 	register struct ip *ip;
176 	register int igmplen;
177 	register struct ifnet *ifp = m->m_pkthdr.rcvif;
178 	register int minlen;
179 	register struct in_multi *inm;
180 	register struct in_ifaddr *ia;
181 	struct in_multistep step;
182 	struct router_info *rti;
183 	int timer; /** timer value in the igmp query header **/
184 
185 	++igmpstat.igps_rcv_total;
186 
187 	ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
188 	igmplen = ip->ip_len;
189 
190 	/*
191 	 * Validate lengths
192 	 */
193 	if (igmplen < IGMP_MINLEN) {
194 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_tooshort;
195 		m_freem(m);
196 		return;
197 	}
198 	minlen = iphlen + IGMP_MINLEN;
199 	if ((m->m_flags & M_EXT || m->m_len < minlen) &&
200 	    (m = m_pullup(m, minlen)) == 0) {
201 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_tooshort;
202 		return;
203 	}
204 
205 	/*
206 	 * Validate checksum
207 	 */
208 	m->m_data += iphlen;
209 	m->m_len -= iphlen;
210 	igmp = mtod(m, struct igmp *);
211 	if (in_cksum(m, igmplen)) {
212 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_badsum;
213 		m_freem(m);
214 		return;
215 	}
216 	m->m_data -= iphlen;
217 	m->m_len += iphlen;
218 
219 	ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
220 	timer = igmp->igmp_code * PR_FASTHZ / IGMP_TIMER_SCALE;
221 	if (timer == 0)
222 		timer = 1;
223 
224 	/*
225 	 * In the IGMPv2 specification, there are 3 states and a flag.
226 	 *
227 	 * In Non-Member state, we simply don't have a membership record.
228 	 * In Delaying Member state, our timer is running (inm->inm_timer)
229 	 * In Idle Member state, our timer is not running (inm->inm_timer==0)
230 	 *
231 	 * The flag is inm->inm_state, it is set to IGMP_OTHERMEMBER if
232 	 * we have heard a report from another member, or IGMP_IREPORTEDLAST
233 	 * if I sent the last report.
234 	 */
235 	switch (igmp->igmp_type) {
236 	case IGMP_MEMBERSHIP_QUERY:
237 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_queries;
238 
239 		if (ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
240 			break;
241 
242 		if (igmp->igmp_code == 0) {
243 			/*
244 			 * Old router.  Remember that the querier on this
245 			 * interface is old, and set the timer to the
246 			 * value in RFC 1112.
247 			 */
248 
249 			mtx_lock(&igmp_mtx);
250 			rti = find_rti(ifp);
251 			if (rti == NULL) {
252 				mtx_unlock(&igmp_mtx);
253 				m_freem(m);
254 				return;
255 			}
256 			rti->rti_type = IGMP_V1_ROUTER;
257 			rti->rti_time = 0;
258 			mtx_unlock(&igmp_mtx);
259 
260 			timer = IGMP_MAX_HOST_REPORT_DELAY * PR_FASTHZ;
261 
262 			if (ip->ip_dst.s_addr != igmp_all_hosts_group ||
263 			    igmp->igmp_group.s_addr != 0) {
264 				++igmpstat.igps_rcv_badqueries;
265 				m_freem(m);
266 				return;
267 			}
268 		} else {
269 			/*
270 			 * New router.  Simply do the new validity check.
271 			 */
272 
273 			if (igmp->igmp_group.s_addr != 0 &&
274 			    !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(igmp->igmp_group.s_addr))) {
275 				++igmpstat.igps_rcv_badqueries;
276 				m_freem(m);
277 				return;
278 			}
279 		}
280 
281 		/*
282 		 * - Start the timers in all of our membership records
283 		 *   that the query applies to for the interface on
284 		 *   which the query arrived excl. those that belong
285 		 *   to the "all-hosts" group (224.0.0.1).
286 		 * - Restart any timer that is already running but has
287 		 *   a value longer than the requested timeout.
288 		 * - Use the value specified in the query message as
289 		 *   the maximum timeout.
290 		 */
291 		IN_MULTI_LOCK();
292 		IN_FIRST_MULTI(step, inm);
293 		while (inm != NULL) {
294 			if (inm->inm_ifp == ifp &&
295 			    inm->inm_addr.s_addr != igmp_all_hosts_group &&
296 			    (igmp->igmp_group.s_addr == 0 ||
297 			     igmp->igmp_group.s_addr == inm->inm_addr.s_addr)) {
298 				if (inm->inm_timer == 0 ||
299 				    inm->inm_timer > timer) {
300 					inm->inm_timer =
301 						IGMP_RANDOM_DELAY(timer);
302 					igmp_timers_are_running = 1;
303 				}
304 			}
305 			IN_NEXT_MULTI(step, inm);
306 		}
307 		IN_MULTI_UNLOCK();
308 
309 		break;
310 
311 	case IGMP_V1_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT:
312 	case IGMP_V2_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT:
313 		/*
314 		 * For fast leave to work, we have to know that we are the
315 		 * last person to send a report for this group.  Reports
316 		 * can potentially get looped back if we are a multicast
317 		 * router, so discard reports sourced by me.
318 		 */
319 		IFP_TO_IA(ifp, ia);
320 		if (ia && ip->ip_src.s_addr == IA_SIN(ia)->sin_addr.s_addr)
321 			break;
322 
323 		++igmpstat.igps_rcv_reports;
324 
325 		if (ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
326 			break;
327 
328 		if (!IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(igmp->igmp_group.s_addr))) {
329 			++igmpstat.igps_rcv_badreports;
330 			m_freem(m);
331 			return;
332 		}
333 
334 		/*
335 		 * KLUDGE: if the IP source address of the report has an
336 		 * unspecified (i.e., zero) subnet number, as is allowed for
337 		 * a booting host, replace it with the correct subnet number
338 		 * so that a process-level multicast routing daemon can
339 		 * determine which subnet it arrived from.  This is necessary
340 		 * to compensate for the lack of any way for a process to
341 		 * determine the arrival interface of an incoming packet.
342 		 */
343 		if ((ntohl(ip->ip_src.s_addr) & IN_CLASSA_NET) == 0)
344 			if (ia) ip->ip_src.s_addr = htonl(ia->ia_subnet);
345 
346 		/*
347 		 * If we belong to the group being reported, stop
348 		 * our timer for that group.
349 		 */
350 		IN_MULTI_LOCK();
351 		IN_LOOKUP_MULTI(igmp->igmp_group, ifp, inm);
352 		if (inm != NULL) {
353 			inm->inm_timer = 0;
354 			++igmpstat.igps_rcv_ourreports;
355 
356 			inm->inm_state = IGMP_OTHERMEMBER;
357 		}
358 		IN_MULTI_UNLOCK();
359 
360 		break;
361 	}
362 
363 	/*
364 	 * Pass all valid IGMP packets up to any process(es) listening
365 	 * on a raw IGMP socket.
366 	 */
367 	rip_input(m, off);
368 }
369 
370 void
371 igmp_joingroup(struct in_multi *inm)
372 {
373 
374 	IN_MULTI_LOCK_ASSERT();
375 
376 	if (inm->inm_addr.s_addr == igmp_all_hosts_group
377 	    || inm->inm_ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) {
378 		inm->inm_timer = 0;
379 		inm->inm_state = IGMP_OTHERMEMBER;
380 	} else {
381 		mtx_lock(&igmp_mtx);
382 		inm->inm_rti = find_rti(inm->inm_ifp);
383 		mtx_unlock(&igmp_mtx);
384 		if (inm->inm_rti != NULL) {
385 			igmp_sendpkt(inm, inm->inm_rti->rti_type, 0);
386 			inm->inm_timer = IGMP_RANDOM_DELAY(
387 					IGMP_MAX_HOST_REPORT_DELAY*PR_FASTHZ);
388 			inm->inm_state = IGMP_IREPORTEDLAST;
389 			igmp_timers_are_running = 1;
390 		}
391 		/* XXX handling of failure case? */
392 	}
393 }
394 
395 void
396 igmp_leavegroup(struct in_multi *inm)
397 {
398 
399 	IN_MULTI_LOCK_ASSERT();
400 
401 	if (inm->inm_state == IGMP_IREPORTEDLAST &&
402 	    inm->inm_addr.s_addr != igmp_all_hosts_group &&
403 	    !(inm->inm_ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) &&
404 	    inm->inm_rti->rti_type != IGMP_V1_ROUTER)
405 		igmp_sendpkt(inm, IGMP_V2_LEAVE_GROUP, igmp_all_rtrs_group);
406 }
407 
408 void
409 igmp_fasttimo(void)
410 {
411 	register struct in_multi *inm;
412 	struct in_multistep step;
413 
414 	/*
415 	 * Quick check to see if any work needs to be done, in order
416 	 * to minimize the overhead of fasttimo processing.
417 	 */
418 
419 	if (!igmp_timers_are_running)
420 		return;
421 
422 	IN_MULTI_LOCK();
423 	igmp_timers_are_running = 0;
424 	IN_FIRST_MULTI(step, inm);
425 	while (inm != NULL) {
426 		if (inm->inm_timer == 0) {
427 			/* do nothing */
428 		} else if (--inm->inm_timer == 0) {
429 			igmp_sendpkt(inm, inm->inm_rti->rti_type, 0);
430 			inm->inm_state = IGMP_IREPORTEDLAST;
431 		} else {
432 			igmp_timers_are_running = 1;
433 		}
434 		IN_NEXT_MULTI(step, inm);
435 	}
436 	IN_MULTI_UNLOCK();
437 }
438 
439 void
440 igmp_slowtimo(void)
441 {
442 	struct router_info *rti;
443 
444 	IGMP_PRINTF("[igmp.c,_slowtimo] -- > entering \n");
445 	mtx_lock(&igmp_mtx);
446 	SLIST_FOREACH(rti, &router_info_head, rti_list) {
447 		if (rti->rti_type == IGMP_V1_ROUTER) {
448 			rti->rti_time++;
449 			if (rti->rti_time >= IGMP_AGE_THRESHOLD)
450 				rti->rti_type = IGMP_V2_ROUTER;
451 		}
452 	}
453 	mtx_unlock(&igmp_mtx);
454 	IGMP_PRINTF("[igmp.c,_slowtimo] -- > exiting \n");
455 }
456 
457 static void
458 igmp_sendpkt(struct in_multi *inm, int type, unsigned long addr)
459 {
460 	struct mbuf *m;
461 	struct igmp *igmp;
462 	struct ip *ip;
463 	struct ip_moptions imo;
464 
465 	IN_MULTI_LOCK_ASSERT();
466 
467 	MGETHDR(m, M_DONTWAIT, MT_DATA);
468 	if (m == NULL)
469 		return;
470 
471 	m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = loif;
472 #ifdef MAC
473 	mac_create_mbuf_linklayer(inm->inm_ifp, m);
474 #endif
475 	m->m_pkthdr.len = sizeof(struct ip) + IGMP_MINLEN;
476 	MH_ALIGN(m, IGMP_MINLEN + sizeof(struct ip));
477 	m->m_data += sizeof(struct ip);
478 	m->m_len = IGMP_MINLEN;
479 	igmp = mtod(m, struct igmp *);
480 	igmp->igmp_type = type;
481 	igmp->igmp_code = 0;
482 	igmp->igmp_group = inm->inm_addr;
483 	igmp->igmp_cksum = 0;
484 	igmp->igmp_cksum = in_cksum(m, IGMP_MINLEN);
485 
486 	m->m_data -= sizeof(struct ip);
487 	m->m_len += sizeof(struct ip);
488 	ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
489 	ip->ip_tos = 0;
490 	ip->ip_len = sizeof(struct ip) + IGMP_MINLEN;
491 	ip->ip_off = 0;
492 	ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_IGMP;
493 	ip->ip_src.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
494 	ip->ip_dst.s_addr = addr ? addr : igmp->igmp_group.s_addr;
495 
496 	imo.imo_multicast_ifp  = inm->inm_ifp;
497 	imo.imo_multicast_ttl  = 1;
498 	imo.imo_multicast_vif  = -1;
499 	/*
500 	 * Request loopback of the report if we are acting as a multicast
501 	 * router, so that the process-level routing daemon can hear it.
502 	 */
503 	imo.imo_multicast_loop = (ip_mrouter != NULL);
504 
505 	/*
506 	 * XXX
507 	 * Do we have to worry about reentrancy here?  Don't think so.
508 	 */
509 	ip_output(m, router_alert, &igmprt, 0, &imo, NULL);
510 
511 	++igmpstat.igps_snd_reports;
512 }
513