xref: /freebsd/sys/net80211/ieee80211_scan_sta.c (revision 5dae51da3da0cc94d17bd67b308fad304ebec7e0)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2002-2009 Sam Leffler, Errno Consulting
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
27 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
28 
29 /*
30  * IEEE 802.11 station scanning support.
31  */
32 #include "opt_wlan.h"
33 
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/systm.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
37 #include <sys/endian.h>
38 #include <sys/malloc.h>
39 #include <sys/module.h>
40 
41 #include <sys/socket.h>
42 
43 #include <net/if.h>
44 #include <net/if_var.h>
45 #include <net/if_media.h>
46 #include <net/ethernet.h>
47 
48 #include <net80211/ieee80211_var.h>
49 #include <net80211/ieee80211_input.h>
50 #include <net80211/ieee80211_regdomain.h>
51 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_TDMA
52 #include <net80211/ieee80211_tdma.h>
53 #endif
54 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH
55 #include <net80211/ieee80211_mesh.h>
56 #endif
57 #include <net80211/ieee80211_ratectl.h>
58 
59 #include <net/bpf.h>
60 
61 /*
62  * Parameters for managing cache entries:
63  *
64  * o a station with STA_FAILS_MAX failures is not considered
65  *   when picking a candidate
66  * o a station that hasn't had an update in STA_PURGE_SCANS
67  *   (background) scans is discarded
68  * o after STA_FAILS_AGE seconds we clear the failure count
69  */
70 #define	STA_FAILS_MAX	2		/* assoc failures before ignored */
71 #define	STA_FAILS_AGE	(2*60)		/* time before clearing fails (secs) */
72 #define	STA_PURGE_SCANS	2		/* age for purging entries (scans) */
73 
74 /* XXX tunable */
75 #define	STA_RSSI_MIN	8		/* min acceptable rssi */
76 #define	STA_RSSI_MAX	40		/* max rssi for comparison */
77 
78 struct sta_entry {
79 	struct ieee80211_scan_entry base;
80 	TAILQ_ENTRY(sta_entry) se_list;
81 	LIST_ENTRY(sta_entry) se_hash;
82 	uint8_t		se_fails;		/* failure to associate count */
83 	uint8_t		se_seen;		/* seen during current scan */
84 	uint8_t		se_notseen;		/* not seen in previous scans */
85 	uint8_t		se_flags;
86 #define	STA_DEMOTE11B	0x01			/* match w/ demoted 11b chan */
87 	uint32_t	se_avgrssi;		/* LPF rssi state */
88 	unsigned long	se_lastupdate;		/* time of last update */
89 	unsigned long	se_lastfail;		/* time of last failure */
90 	unsigned long	se_lastassoc;		/* time of last association */
91 	u_int		se_scangen;		/* iterator scan gen# */
92 	u_int		se_countrygen;		/* gen# of last cc notify */
93 };
94 
95 #define	STA_HASHSIZE	32
96 /* simple hash is enough for variation of macaddr */
97 #define	STA_HASH(addr)	\
98 	(((const uint8_t *)(addr))[IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN - 1] % STA_HASHSIZE)
99 
100 #define	MAX_IEEE_CHAN	256			/* max acceptable IEEE chan # */
101 CTASSERT(MAX_IEEE_CHAN >= 256);
102 
103 struct sta_table {
104 	ieee80211_scan_table_lock_t st_lock;	/* on scan table */
105 	TAILQ_HEAD(, sta_entry) st_entry;	/* all entries */
106 	LIST_HEAD(, sta_entry) st_hash[STA_HASHSIZE];
107 	ieee80211_scan_iter_lock_t st_scanlock;		/* on st_scaniter */
108 	u_int		st_scaniter;		/* gen# for iterator */
109 	u_int		st_scangen;		/* scan generation # */
110 	int		st_newscan;
111 	/* ap-related state */
112 	int		st_maxrssi[MAX_IEEE_CHAN];
113 };
114 
115 static void sta_flush_table(struct sta_table *);
116 /*
117  * match_bss returns a bitmask describing if an entry is suitable
118  * for use.  If non-zero the entry was deemed not suitable and it's
119  * contents explains why.  The following flags are or'd to to this
120  * mask and can be used to figure out why the entry was rejected.
121  */
122 #define	MATCH_CHANNEL		0x00001	/* channel mismatch */
123 #define	MATCH_CAPINFO		0x00002	/* capabilities mismatch, e.g. no ess */
124 #define	MATCH_PRIVACY		0x00004	/* privacy mismatch */
125 #define	MATCH_RATE		0x00008	/* rate set mismatch */
126 #define	MATCH_SSID		0x00010	/* ssid mismatch */
127 #define	MATCH_BSSID		0x00020	/* bssid mismatch */
128 #define	MATCH_FAILS		0x00040	/* too many failed auth attempts */
129 #define	MATCH_NOTSEEN		0x00080	/* not seen in recent scans */
130 #define	MATCH_RSSI		0x00100	/* rssi deemed too low to use */
131 #define	MATCH_CC		0x00200	/* country code mismatch */
132 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_TDMA
133 #define	MATCH_TDMA_NOIE		0x00400	/* no TDMA ie */
134 #define	MATCH_TDMA_NOTMASTER	0x00800	/* not TDMA master */
135 #define	MATCH_TDMA_NOSLOT	0x01000	/* all TDMA slots occupied */
136 #define	MATCH_TDMA_LOCAL	0x02000	/* local address */
137 #define	MATCH_TDMA_VERSION	0x04000	/* protocol version mismatch */
138 #endif
139 #define	MATCH_MESH_NOID		0x10000	/* no MESHID ie */
140 #define	MATCH_MESHID		0x20000	/* meshid mismatch */
141 static int match_bss(struct ieee80211vap *,
142 	const struct ieee80211_scan_state *, struct sta_entry *, int);
143 static void adhoc_age(struct ieee80211_scan_state *);
144 
145 static __inline int
146 isocmp(const uint8_t cc1[], const uint8_t cc2[])
147 {
148      return (cc1[0] == cc2[0] && cc1[1] == cc2[1]);
149 }
150 
151 /* number of references from net80211 layer */
152 static	int nrefs = 0;
153 /*
154  * Module glue.
155  */
156 IEEE80211_SCANNER_MODULE(sta, 1);
157 
158 /*
159  * Attach prior to any scanning work.
160  */
161 static int
162 sta_attach(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss)
163 {
164 	struct sta_table *st;
165 
166 	st = (struct sta_table *) IEEE80211_MALLOC(sizeof(struct sta_table),
167 		M_80211_SCAN,
168 		IEEE80211_M_NOWAIT | IEEE80211_M_ZERO);
169 	if (st == NULL)
170 		return 0;
171 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK_INIT(st, "scantable");
172 	IEEE80211_SCAN_ITER_LOCK_INIT(st, "scangen");
173 	TAILQ_INIT(&st->st_entry);
174 	ss->ss_priv = st;
175 	nrefs++;			/* NB: we assume caller locking */
176 	return 1;
177 }
178 
179 /*
180  * Cleanup any private state.
181  */
182 static int
183 sta_detach(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss)
184 {
185 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
186 
187 	if (st != NULL) {
188 		sta_flush_table(st);
189 		IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK_DESTROY(st);
190 		IEEE80211_SCAN_ITER_LOCK_DESTROY(st);
191 		IEEE80211_FREE(st, M_80211_SCAN);
192 		KASSERT(nrefs > 0, ("imbalanced attach/detach"));
193 		nrefs--;		/* NB: we assume caller locking */
194 	}
195 	return 1;
196 }
197 
198 /*
199  * Flush all per-scan state.
200  */
201 static int
202 sta_flush(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss)
203 {
204 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
205 
206 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK(st);
207 	sta_flush_table(st);
208 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
209 	ss->ss_last = 0;
210 	return 0;
211 }
212 
213 /*
214  * Flush all entries in the scan cache.
215  */
216 static void
217 sta_flush_table(struct sta_table *st)
218 {
219 	struct sta_entry *se, *next;
220 
221 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(se, &st->st_entry, se_list, next) {
222 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&st->st_entry, se, se_list);
223 		LIST_REMOVE(se, se_hash);
224 		ieee80211_ies_cleanup(&se->base.se_ies);
225 		IEEE80211_FREE(se, M_80211_SCAN);
226 	}
227 	memset(st->st_maxrssi, 0, sizeof(st->st_maxrssi));
228 }
229 
230 /*
231  * Process a beacon or probe response frame; create an
232  * entry in the scan cache or update any previous entry.
233  */
234 static int
235 sta_add(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss,
236 	struct ieee80211_channel *curchan,
237 	const struct ieee80211_scanparams *sp,
238 	const struct ieee80211_frame *wh,
239 	int subtype, int rssi, int noise)
240 {
241 #define	ISPROBE(_st)	((_st) == IEEE80211_FC0_SUBTYPE_PROBE_RESP)
242 #define	PICK1ST(_ss) \
243 	((ss->ss_flags & (IEEE80211_SCAN_PICK1ST | IEEE80211_SCAN_GOTPICK)) == \
244 	IEEE80211_SCAN_PICK1ST)
245 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
246 	const uint8_t *macaddr = wh->i_addr2;
247 	struct ieee80211vap *vap = ss->ss_vap;
248 	struct ieee80211com *ic = vap->iv_ic;
249 	struct ieee80211_channel *c;
250 	struct sta_entry *se;
251 	struct ieee80211_scan_entry *ise;
252 	int hash;
253 
254 	hash = STA_HASH(macaddr);
255 
256 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK(st);
257 	LIST_FOREACH(se, &st->st_hash[hash], se_hash)
258 		if (IEEE80211_ADDR_EQ(se->base.se_macaddr, macaddr))
259 			goto found;
260 	se = (struct sta_entry *) IEEE80211_MALLOC(sizeof(struct sta_entry),
261 		M_80211_SCAN, IEEE80211_M_NOWAIT | IEEE80211_M_ZERO);
262 	if (se == NULL) {
263 		IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
264 		return 0;
265 	}
266 	se->se_scangen = st->st_scaniter-1;
267 	se->se_avgrssi = IEEE80211_RSSI_DUMMY_MARKER;
268 	IEEE80211_ADDR_COPY(se->base.se_macaddr, macaddr);
269 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&st->st_entry, se, se_list);
270 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&st->st_hash[hash], se, se_hash);
271 found:
272 	ise = &se->base;
273 	/* XXX ap beaconing multiple ssid w/ same bssid */
274 	if (sp->ssid[1] != 0 &&
275 	    (ISPROBE(subtype) || ise->se_ssid[1] == 0))
276 		memcpy(ise->se_ssid, sp->ssid, 2+sp->ssid[1]);
277 	KASSERT(sp->rates[1] <= IEEE80211_RATE_MAXSIZE,
278 		("rate set too large: %u", sp->rates[1]));
279 	memcpy(ise->se_rates, sp->rates, 2+sp->rates[1]);
280 	if (sp->xrates != NULL) {
281 		/* XXX validate xrates[1] */
282 		KASSERT(sp->xrates[1] <= IEEE80211_RATE_MAXSIZE,
283 			("xrate set too large: %u", sp->xrates[1]));
284 		memcpy(ise->se_xrates, sp->xrates, 2+sp->xrates[1]);
285 	} else
286 		ise->se_xrates[1] = 0;
287 	IEEE80211_ADDR_COPY(ise->se_bssid, wh->i_addr3);
288 	if ((sp->status & IEEE80211_BPARSE_OFFCHAN) == 0) {
289 		/*
290 		 * Record rssi data using extended precision LPF filter.
291 		 *
292 		 * NB: use only on-channel data to insure we get a good
293 		 *     estimate of the signal we'll see when associated.
294 		 */
295 		IEEE80211_RSSI_LPF(se->se_avgrssi, rssi);
296 		ise->se_rssi = IEEE80211_RSSI_GET(se->se_avgrssi);
297 		ise->se_noise = noise;
298 	}
299 	memcpy(ise->se_tstamp.data, sp->tstamp, sizeof(ise->se_tstamp));
300 	ise->se_intval = sp->bintval;
301 	ise->se_capinfo = sp->capinfo;
302 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH
303 	if (sp->meshid != NULL && sp->meshid[1] != 0)
304 		memcpy(ise->se_meshid, sp->meshid, 2+sp->meshid[1]);
305 #endif
306 	/*
307 	 * Beware of overriding se_chan for frames seen
308 	 * off-channel; this can cause us to attempt an
309 	 * association on the wrong channel.
310 	 */
311 	if (sp->status & IEEE80211_BPARSE_OFFCHAN) {
312 		/*
313 		 * Off-channel, locate the home/bss channel for the sta
314 		 * using the value broadcast in the DSPARMS ie.  We know
315 		 * sp->chan has this value because it's used to calculate
316 		 * IEEE80211_BPARSE_OFFCHAN.
317 		 */
318 		c = ieee80211_find_channel_byieee(ic, sp->chan,
319 		    curchan->ic_flags);
320 		if (c != NULL) {
321 			ise->se_chan = c;
322 		} else if (ise->se_chan == NULL) {
323 			/* should not happen, pick something */
324 			ise->se_chan = curchan;
325 		}
326 	} else
327 		ise->se_chan = curchan;
328 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_HT(ise->se_chan) && sp->htcap == NULL) {
329 		/* Demote legacy networks to a non-HT channel. */
330 		c = ieee80211_find_channel(ic, ise->se_chan->ic_freq,
331 		    ise->se_chan->ic_flags & ~IEEE80211_CHAN_HT);
332 		KASSERT(c != NULL,
333 		    ("no legacy channel %u", ise->se_chan->ic_ieee));
334 		ise->se_chan = c;
335 	}
336 	ise->se_fhdwell = sp->fhdwell;
337 	ise->se_fhindex = sp->fhindex;
338 	ise->se_erp = sp->erp;
339 	ise->se_timoff = sp->timoff;
340 	if (sp->tim != NULL) {
341 		const struct ieee80211_tim_ie *tim =
342 		    (const struct ieee80211_tim_ie *) sp->tim;
343 		ise->se_dtimperiod = tim->tim_period;
344 	}
345 	if (sp->country != NULL) {
346 		const struct ieee80211_country_ie *cie =
347 		    (const struct ieee80211_country_ie *) sp->country;
348 		/*
349 		 * If 11d is enabled and we're attempting to join a bss
350 		 * that advertises it's country code then compare our
351 		 * current settings to what we fetched from the country ie.
352 		 * If our country code is unspecified or different then
353 		 * dispatch an event to user space that identifies the
354 		 * country code so our regdomain config can be changed.
355 		 */
356 		/* XXX only for STA mode? */
357 		if ((IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_11D(ise->se_chan) ||
358 		    (vap->iv_flags_ext & IEEE80211_FEXT_DOTD)) &&
359 		    (ic->ic_regdomain.country == CTRY_DEFAULT ||
360 		     !isocmp(cie->cc, ic->ic_regdomain.isocc))) {
361 			/* only issue one notify event per scan */
362 			if (se->se_countrygen != st->st_scangen) {
363 				ieee80211_notify_country(vap, ise->se_bssid,
364 				    cie->cc);
365 				se->se_countrygen = st->st_scangen;
366 			}
367 		}
368 		ise->se_cc[0] = cie->cc[0];
369 		ise->se_cc[1] = cie->cc[1];
370 	}
371 	/* NB: no need to setup ie ptrs; they are not (currently) used */
372 	(void) ieee80211_ies_init(&ise->se_ies, sp->ies, sp->ies_len);
373 
374 	/* clear failure count after STA_FAIL_AGE passes */
375 	if (se->se_fails && (ticks - se->se_lastfail) > STA_FAILS_AGE*hz) {
376 		se->se_fails = 0;
377 		IEEE80211_NOTE_MAC(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN, macaddr,
378 		    "%s: fails %u", __func__, se->se_fails);
379 	}
380 
381 	se->se_lastupdate = ticks;		/* update time */
382 	se->se_seen = 1;
383 	se->se_notseen = 0;
384 
385 	KASSERT(sizeof(sp->bchan) == 1, ("bchan size"));
386 	if (rssi > st->st_maxrssi[sp->bchan])
387 		st->st_maxrssi[sp->bchan] = rssi;
388 
389 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
390 
391 	/*
392 	 * If looking for a quick choice and nothing's
393 	 * been found check here.
394 	 */
395 	if (PICK1ST(ss) && match_bss(vap, ss, se, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN) == 0)
396 		ss->ss_flags |= IEEE80211_SCAN_GOTPICK;
397 
398 	return 1;
399 #undef PICK1ST
400 #undef ISPROBE
401 }
402 
403 /*
404  * Check if a channel is excluded by user request.
405  */
406 static int
407 isexcluded(struct ieee80211vap *vap, const struct ieee80211_channel *c)
408 {
409 	return (isclr(vap->iv_ic->ic_chan_active, c->ic_ieee) ||
410 	    (vap->iv_des_chan != IEEE80211_CHAN_ANYC &&
411 	     c->ic_freq != vap->iv_des_chan->ic_freq));
412 }
413 
414 static struct ieee80211_channel *
415 find11gchannel(struct ieee80211com *ic, int i, int freq)
416 {
417 	struct ieee80211_channel *c;
418 	int j;
419 
420 	/*
421 	 * The normal ordering in the channel list is b channel
422 	 * immediately followed by g so optimize the search for
423 	 * this.  We'll still do a full search just in case.
424 	 */
425 	for (j = i+1; j < ic->ic_nchans; j++) {
426 		c = &ic->ic_channels[j];
427 		if (c->ic_freq == freq && IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_G(c))
428 			return c;
429 	}
430 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
431 		c = &ic->ic_channels[j];
432 		if (c->ic_freq == freq && IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_G(c))
433 			return c;
434 	}
435 	return NULL;
436 }
437 
438 static const u_int chanflags[IEEE80211_MODE_MAX] = {
439 	[IEEE80211_MODE_AUTO]	  = IEEE80211_CHAN_B,
440 	[IEEE80211_MODE_11A]	  = IEEE80211_CHAN_A,
441 	[IEEE80211_MODE_11B]	  = IEEE80211_CHAN_B,
442 	[IEEE80211_MODE_11G]	  = IEEE80211_CHAN_G,
443 	[IEEE80211_MODE_FH]	  = IEEE80211_CHAN_FHSS,
444 	/* check base channel */
445 	[IEEE80211_MODE_TURBO_A]  = IEEE80211_CHAN_A,
446 	[IEEE80211_MODE_TURBO_G]  = IEEE80211_CHAN_G,
447 	[IEEE80211_MODE_STURBO_A] = IEEE80211_CHAN_ST,
448 	[IEEE80211_MODE_HALF]	  = IEEE80211_CHAN_HALF,
449 	[IEEE80211_MODE_QUARTER]  = IEEE80211_CHAN_QUARTER,
450 	/* check legacy */
451 	[IEEE80211_MODE_11NA]	  = IEEE80211_CHAN_A,
452 	[IEEE80211_MODE_11NG]	  = IEEE80211_CHAN_G,
453 };
454 
455 static void
456 add_channels(struct ieee80211vap *vap,
457 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss,
458 	enum ieee80211_phymode mode, const uint16_t freq[], int nfreq)
459 {
460 	struct ieee80211com *ic = vap->iv_ic;
461 	struct ieee80211_channel *c, *cg;
462 	u_int modeflags;
463 	int i;
464 
465 	KASSERT(mode < nitems(chanflags), ("Unexpected mode %u", mode));
466 	modeflags = chanflags[mode];
467 	for (i = 0; i < nfreq; i++) {
468 		if (ss->ss_last >= IEEE80211_SCAN_MAX)
469 			break;
470 
471 		c = ieee80211_find_channel(ic, freq[i], modeflags);
472 		if (c == NULL || isexcluded(vap, c))
473 			continue;
474 		if (mode == IEEE80211_MODE_AUTO) {
475 			/*
476 			 * XXX special-case 11b/g channels so we select
477 			 *     the g channel if both are present.
478 			 */
479 			if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_B(c) &&
480 			    (cg = find11gchannel(ic, i, c->ic_freq)) != NULL)
481 				c = cg;
482 		}
483 		ss->ss_chans[ss->ss_last++] = c;
484 	}
485 }
486 
487 struct scanlist {
488 	uint16_t	mode;
489 	uint16_t	count;
490 	const uint16_t	*list;
491 };
492 
493 static int
494 checktable(const struct scanlist *scan, const struct ieee80211_channel *c)
495 {
496 	int i;
497 
498 	for (; scan->list != NULL; scan++) {
499 		for (i = 0; i < scan->count; i++)
500 			if (scan->list[i] == c->ic_freq)
501 				return 1;
502 	}
503 	return 0;
504 }
505 
506 static int
507 onscanlist(const struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss,
508 	const struct ieee80211_channel *c)
509 {
510 	int i;
511 
512 	for (i = 0; i < ss->ss_last; i++)
513 		if (ss->ss_chans[i] == c)
514 			return 1;
515 	return 0;
516 }
517 
518 static void
519 sweepchannels(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap,
520 	const struct scanlist table[])
521 {
522 	struct ieee80211com *ic = vap->iv_ic;
523 	struct ieee80211_channel *c;
524 	int i;
525 
526 	for (i = 0; i < ic->ic_nchans; i++) {
527 		if (ss->ss_last >= IEEE80211_SCAN_MAX)
528 			break;
529 
530 		c = &ic->ic_channels[i];
531 		/*
532 		 * Ignore dynamic turbo channels; we scan them
533 		 * in normal mode (i.e. not boosted).  Likewise
534 		 * for HT channels, they get scanned using
535 		 * legacy rates.
536 		 */
537 		if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_DTURBO(c) || IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_HT(c))
538 			continue;
539 
540 		/*
541 		 * If a desired mode was specified, scan only
542 		 * channels that satisfy that constraint.
543 		 */
544 		if (vap->iv_des_mode != IEEE80211_MODE_AUTO &&
545 		    vap->iv_des_mode != ieee80211_chan2mode(c))
546 			continue;
547 
548 		/*
549 		 * Skip channels excluded by user request.
550 		 */
551 		if (isexcluded(vap, c))
552 			continue;
553 
554 		/*
555 		 * Add the channel unless it is listed in the
556 		 * fixed scan order tables.  This insures we
557 		 * don't sweep back in channels we filtered out
558 		 * above.
559 		 */
560 		if (checktable(table, c))
561 			continue;
562 
563 		/* Add channel to scanning list. */
564 		ss->ss_chans[ss->ss_last++] = c;
565 	}
566 	/*
567 	 * Explicitly add any desired channel if:
568 	 * - not already on the scan list
569 	 * - allowed by any desired mode constraint
570 	 * - there is space in the scan list
571 	 * This allows the channel to be used when the filtering
572 	 * mechanisms would otherwise elide it (e.g HT, turbo).
573 	 */
574 	c = vap->iv_des_chan;
575 	if (c != IEEE80211_CHAN_ANYC &&
576 	    !onscanlist(ss, c) &&
577 	    (vap->iv_des_mode == IEEE80211_MODE_AUTO ||
578 	     vap->iv_des_mode == ieee80211_chan2mode(c)) &&
579 	    ss->ss_last < IEEE80211_SCAN_MAX)
580 		ss->ss_chans[ss->ss_last++] = c;
581 }
582 
583 static void
584 makescanlist(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap,
585 	const struct scanlist table[])
586 {
587 	const struct scanlist *scan;
588 	enum ieee80211_phymode mode;
589 
590 	ss->ss_last = 0;
591 	/*
592 	 * Use the table of ordered channels to construct the list
593 	 * of channels for scanning.  Any channels in the ordered
594 	 * list not in the master list will be discarded.
595 	 */
596 	for (scan = table; scan->list != NULL; scan++) {
597 		mode = scan->mode;
598 		if (vap->iv_des_mode != IEEE80211_MODE_AUTO) {
599 			/*
600 			 * If a desired mode was specified, scan only
601 			 * channels that satisfy that constraint.
602 			 */
603 			if (vap->iv_des_mode != mode) {
604 				/*
605 				 * The scan table marks 2.4Ghz channels as b
606 				 * so if the desired mode is 11g, then use
607 				 * the 11b channel list but upgrade the mode.
608 				 */
609 				if (vap->iv_des_mode == IEEE80211_MODE_11G) {
610 					if (mode == IEEE80211_MODE_11G) /* Skip the G check */
611 						continue;
612 					else if (mode == IEEE80211_MODE_11B)
613 						mode = IEEE80211_MODE_11G;	/* upgrade */
614 				}
615 			}
616 		} else {
617 			/*
618 			 * This lets add_channels upgrade an 11b channel
619 			 * to 11g if available.
620 			 */
621 			if (mode == IEEE80211_MODE_11B)
622 				mode = IEEE80211_MODE_AUTO;
623 		}
624 #ifdef IEEE80211_F_XR
625 		/* XR does not operate on turbo channels */
626 		if ((vap->iv_flags & IEEE80211_F_XR) &&
627 		    (mode == IEEE80211_MODE_TURBO_A ||
628 		     mode == IEEE80211_MODE_TURBO_G ||
629 		     mode == IEEE80211_MODE_STURBO_A))
630 			continue;
631 #endif
632 		/*
633 		 * Add the list of the channels; any that are not
634 		 * in the master channel list will be discarded.
635 		 */
636 		add_channels(vap, ss, mode, scan->list, scan->count);
637 	}
638 
639 	/*
640 	 * Add the channels from the ic that are not present
641 	 * in the table.
642 	 */
643 	sweepchannels(ss, vap, table);
644 }
645 
646 static const uint16_t rcl1[] =		/* 8 FCC channel: 52, 56, 60, 64, 36, 40, 44, 48 */
647 { 5260, 5280, 5300, 5320, 5180, 5200, 5220, 5240 };
648 static const uint16_t rcl2[] =		/* 4 MKK channels: 34, 38, 42, 46 */
649 { 5170, 5190, 5210, 5230 };
650 static const uint16_t rcl3[] =		/* 2.4Ghz ch: 1,6,11,7,13 */
651 { 2412, 2437, 2462, 2442, 2472 };
652 static const uint16_t rcl4[] =		/* 5 FCC channel: 149, 153, 161, 165 */
653 { 5745, 5765, 5785, 5805, 5825 };
654 static const uint16_t rcl7[] =		/* 11 ETSI channel: 100,104,108,112,116,120,124,128,132,136,140 */
655 { 5500, 5520, 5540, 5560, 5580, 5600, 5620, 5640, 5660, 5680, 5700 };
656 static const uint16_t rcl8[] =		/* 2.4Ghz ch: 2,3,4,5,8,9,10,12 */
657 { 2417, 2422, 2427, 2432, 2447, 2452, 2457, 2467 };
658 static const uint16_t rcl9[] =		/* 2.4Ghz ch: 14 */
659 { 2484 };
660 static const uint16_t rcl10[] =	/* Added Korean channels 2312-2372 */
661 { 2312, 2317, 2322, 2327, 2332, 2337, 2342, 2347, 2352, 2357, 2362, 2367, 2372 };
662 static const uint16_t rcl11[] =	/* Added Japan channels in 4.9/5.0 spectrum */
663 { 5040, 5060, 5080, 4920, 4940, 4960, 4980 };
664 #ifdef ATH_TURBO_SCAN
665 static const uint16_t rcl5[] =		/* 3 static turbo channels */
666 { 5210, 5250, 5290 };
667 static const uint16_t rcl6[] =		/* 2 static turbo channels */
668 { 5760, 5800 };
669 static const uint16_t rcl6x[] =	/* 4 FCC3 turbo channels */
670 { 5540, 5580, 5620, 5660 };
671 static const uint16_t rcl12[] =	/* 2.4Ghz Turbo channel 6 */
672 { 2437 };
673 static const uint16_t rcl13[] =	/* dynamic Turbo channels */
674 { 5200, 5240, 5280, 5765, 5805 };
675 #endif /* ATH_TURBO_SCAN */
676 
677 #define	X(a)	.count = sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]), .list = a
678 
679 static const struct scanlist staScanTable[] = {
680 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11B,   	X(rcl3) },
681 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11A,   	X(rcl1) },
682 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11A,   	X(rcl2) },
683 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11B,   	X(rcl8) },
684 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11B,   	X(rcl9) },
685 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11A,   	X(rcl4) },
686 #ifdef ATH_TURBO_SCAN
687 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_STURBO_A,	X(rcl5) },
688 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_STURBO_A,	X(rcl6) },
689 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_TURBO_A,	X(rcl6x) },
690 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_TURBO_A,	X(rcl13) },
691 #endif /* ATH_TURBO_SCAN */
692 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11A,		X(rcl7) },
693 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11B,		X(rcl10) },
694 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11A,		X(rcl11) },
695 #ifdef ATH_TURBO_SCAN
696 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_TURBO_G,	X(rcl12) },
697 #endif /* ATH_TURBO_SCAN */
698 	{ .list = NULL }
699 };
700 
701 /*
702  * Start a station-mode scan by populating the channel list.
703  */
704 static int
705 sta_start(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
706 {
707 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
708 
709 	makescanlist(ss, vap, staScanTable);
710 
711 	if (ss->ss_mindwell == 0)
712 		ss->ss_mindwell = msecs_to_ticks(20);	/* 20ms */
713 	if (ss->ss_maxdwell == 0)
714 		ss->ss_maxdwell = msecs_to_ticks(200);	/* 200ms */
715 
716 	st->st_scangen++;
717 	st->st_newscan = 1;
718 
719 	return 0;
720 }
721 
722 /*
723  * Restart a scan, typically a bg scan but can
724  * also be a fg scan that came up empty.
725  */
726 static int
727 sta_restart(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
728 {
729 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
730 
731 	st->st_newscan = 1;
732 	return 0;
733 }
734 
735 /*
736  * Cancel an ongoing scan.
737  */
738 static int
739 sta_cancel(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
740 {
741 	return 0;
742 }
743 
744 /*
745  * Demote any supplied 11g channel to 11b.  There should
746  * always be an 11b channel but we check anyway...
747  */
748 static struct ieee80211_channel *
749 demote11b(struct ieee80211vap *vap, struct ieee80211_channel *chan)
750 {
751 	struct ieee80211_channel *c;
752 
753 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_ANYG(chan) &&
754 	    vap->iv_des_mode == IEEE80211_MODE_AUTO) {
755 		c = ieee80211_find_channel(vap->iv_ic, chan->ic_freq,
756 		    (chan->ic_flags &~ (IEEE80211_CHAN_PUREG | IEEE80211_CHAN_G)) |
757 		    IEEE80211_CHAN_B);
758 		if (c != NULL)
759 			chan = c;
760 	}
761 	return chan;
762 }
763 
764 static int
765 maxrate(const struct ieee80211_scan_entry *se)
766 {
767 	const struct ieee80211_ie_htcap *htcap =
768 	    (const struct ieee80211_ie_htcap *) se->se_ies.htcap_ie;
769 	int rmax, r, i, txstream;
770 	uint16_t caps;
771 	uint8_t txparams;
772 
773 	rmax = 0;
774 	if (htcap != NULL) {
775 		/*
776 		 * HT station; inspect supported MCS and then adjust
777 		 * rate by channel width.
778 		 */
779 		txparams = htcap->hc_mcsset[12];
780 		if (txparams & 0x3) {
781 			/*
782 			 * TX MCS parameters defined and not equal to RX,
783 			 * extract the number of spartial streams and
784 			 * map it to the highest MCS rate.
785 			 */
786 			txstream = ((txparams & 0xc) >> 2) + 1;
787 			i = txstream * 8 - 1;
788 		} else
789 			for (i = 31; i >= 0 && isclr(htcap->hc_mcsset, i); i--);
790 		if (i >= 0) {
791 			caps = le16dec(&htcap->hc_cap);
792 			if ((caps & IEEE80211_HTCAP_CHWIDTH40) &&
793 			    (caps & IEEE80211_HTCAP_SHORTGI40))
794 				rmax = ieee80211_htrates[i].ht40_rate_400ns;
795 			else if (caps & IEEE80211_HTCAP_CHWIDTH40)
796 				rmax = ieee80211_htrates[i].ht40_rate_800ns;
797 			else if (caps & IEEE80211_HTCAP_SHORTGI20)
798 				rmax = ieee80211_htrates[i].ht20_rate_400ns;
799 			else
800 				rmax = ieee80211_htrates[i].ht20_rate_800ns;
801 		}
802 	}
803 	for (i = 0; i < se->se_rates[1]; i++) {
804 		r = se->se_rates[2+i] & IEEE80211_RATE_VAL;
805 		if (r > rmax)
806 			rmax = r;
807 	}
808 	for (i = 0; i < se->se_xrates[1]; i++) {
809 		r = se->se_xrates[2+i] & IEEE80211_RATE_VAL;
810 		if (r > rmax)
811 			rmax = r;
812 	}
813 	return rmax;
814 }
815 
816 /*
817  * Compare the capabilities of two entries and decide which is
818  * more desirable (return >0 if a is considered better).  Note
819  * that we assume compatibility/usability has already been checked
820  * so we don't need to (e.g. validate whether privacy is supported).
821  * Used to select the best scan candidate for association in a BSS.
822  */
823 static int
824 sta_compare(const struct sta_entry *a, const struct sta_entry *b)
825 {
826 #define	PREFER(_a,_b,_what) do {			\
827 	if (((_a) ^ (_b)) & (_what))			\
828 		return ((_a) & (_what)) ? 1 : -1;	\
829 } while (0)
830 	int maxa, maxb;
831 	int8_t rssia, rssib;
832 	int weight;
833 
834 	/* privacy support */
835 	PREFER(a->base.se_capinfo, b->base.se_capinfo,
836 		IEEE80211_CAPINFO_PRIVACY);
837 
838 	/* compare count of previous failures */
839 	weight = b->se_fails - a->se_fails;
840 	if (abs(weight) > 1)
841 		return weight;
842 
843 	/*
844 	 * Compare rssi.  If the two are considered equivalent
845 	 * then fallback to other criteria.  We threshold the
846 	 * comparisons to avoid selecting an ap purely by rssi
847 	 * when both values may be good but one ap is otherwise
848 	 * more desirable (e.g. an 11b-only ap with stronger
849 	 * signal than an 11g ap).
850 	 */
851 	rssia = MIN(a->base.se_rssi, STA_RSSI_MAX);
852 	rssib = MIN(b->base.se_rssi, STA_RSSI_MAX);
853 	if (abs(rssib - rssia) < 5) {
854 		/* best/max rate preferred if signal level close enough XXX */
855 		maxa = maxrate(&a->base);
856 		maxb = maxrate(&b->base);
857 		if (maxa != maxb)
858 			return maxa - maxb;
859 		/* XXX use freq for channel preference */
860 		/* for now just prefer 5Ghz band to all other bands */
861 		PREFER(IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_5GHZ(a->base.se_chan),
862 		       IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_5GHZ(b->base.se_chan), 1);
863 	}
864 	/* all things being equal, use signal level */
865 	return a->base.se_rssi - b->base.se_rssi;
866 #undef PREFER
867 }
868 
869 /*
870  * Check rate set suitability and return the best supported rate.
871  * XXX inspect MCS for HT
872  */
873 static int
874 check_rate(struct ieee80211vap *vap, const struct ieee80211_channel *chan,
875     const struct ieee80211_scan_entry *se)
876 {
877 	const struct ieee80211_rateset *srs;
878 	int i, j, nrs, r, okrate, badrate, fixedrate, ucastrate;
879 	const uint8_t *rs;
880 
881 	okrate = badrate = 0;
882 
883 	srs = ieee80211_get_suprates(vap->iv_ic, chan);
884 	nrs = se->se_rates[1];
885 	rs = se->se_rates+2;
886 	/* XXX MCS */
887 	ucastrate = vap->iv_txparms[ieee80211_chan2mode(chan)].ucastrate;
888 	fixedrate = IEEE80211_FIXED_RATE_NONE;
889 again:
890 	for (i = 0; i < nrs; i++) {
891 		r = IEEE80211_RV(rs[i]);
892 		badrate = r;
893 		/*
894 		 * Check any fixed rate is included.
895 		 */
896 		if (r == ucastrate)
897 			fixedrate = r;
898 		/*
899 		 * Check against our supported rates.
900 		 */
901 		for (j = 0; j < srs->rs_nrates; j++)
902 			if (r == IEEE80211_RV(srs->rs_rates[j])) {
903 				if (r > okrate)		/* NB: track max */
904 					okrate = r;
905 				break;
906 			}
907 
908 		if (j == srs->rs_nrates && (rs[i] & IEEE80211_RATE_BASIC)) {
909 			/*
910 			 * Don't try joining a BSS, if we don't support
911 			 * one of its basic rates.
912 			 */
913 			okrate = 0;
914 			goto back;
915 		}
916 	}
917 	if (rs == se->se_rates+2) {
918 		/* scan xrates too; sort of an algol68-style for loop */
919 		nrs = se->se_xrates[1];
920 		rs = se->se_xrates+2;
921 		goto again;
922 	}
923 
924 back:
925 	if (okrate == 0 || ucastrate != fixedrate)
926 		return badrate | IEEE80211_RATE_BASIC;
927 	else
928 		return IEEE80211_RV(okrate);
929 }
930 
931 static __inline int
932 match_id(const uint8_t *ie, const uint8_t *val, int len)
933 {
934 	return (ie[1] == len && memcmp(ie+2, val, len) == 0);
935 }
936 
937 static int
938 match_ssid(const uint8_t *ie,
939 	int nssid, const struct ieee80211_scan_ssid ssids[])
940 {
941 	int i;
942 
943 	for (i = 0; i < nssid; i++) {
944 		if (match_id(ie, ssids[i].ssid, ssids[i].len))
945 			return 1;
946 	}
947 	return 0;
948 }
949 
950 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_TDMA
951 static int
952 tdma_isfull(const struct ieee80211_tdma_param *tdma)
953 {
954 	int slot, slotcnt;
955 
956 	slotcnt = tdma->tdma_slotcnt;
957 	for (slot = slotcnt-1; slot >= 0; slot--)
958 		if (isclr(tdma->tdma_inuse, slot))
959 			return 0;
960 	return 1;
961 }
962 #endif /* IEEE80211_SUPPORT_TDMA */
963 
964 /*
965  * Test a scan candidate for suitability/compatibility.
966  */
967 static int
968 match_bss(struct ieee80211vap *vap,
969 	const struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct sta_entry *se0,
970 	int debug)
971 {
972 	struct ieee80211com *ic = vap->iv_ic;
973 	struct ieee80211_scan_entry *se = &se0->base;
974         uint8_t rate;
975         int fail;
976 
977 	fail = 0;
978 	if (isclr(ic->ic_chan_active, ieee80211_chan2ieee(ic, se->se_chan)))
979 		fail |= MATCH_CHANNEL;
980 	/*
981 	 * NB: normally the desired mode is used to construct
982 	 * the channel list, but it's possible for the scan
983 	 * cache to include entries for stations outside this
984 	 * list so we check the desired mode here to weed them
985 	 * out.
986 	 */
987 	if (vap->iv_des_mode != IEEE80211_MODE_AUTO &&
988 	    (se->se_chan->ic_flags & IEEE80211_CHAN_ALLTURBO) !=
989 	    chanflags[vap->iv_des_mode])
990 		fail |= MATCH_CHANNEL;
991 	if (vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_IBSS) {
992 		if ((se->se_capinfo & IEEE80211_CAPINFO_IBSS) == 0)
993 			fail |= MATCH_CAPINFO;
994 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_TDMA
995 	} else if (vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_AHDEMO) {
996 		/*
997 		 * Adhoc demo network setup shouldn't really be scanning
998 		 * but just in case skip stations operating in IBSS or
999 		 * BSS mode.
1000 		 */
1001 		if (se->se_capinfo & (IEEE80211_CAPINFO_IBSS|IEEE80211_CAPINFO_ESS))
1002 			fail |= MATCH_CAPINFO;
1003 		/*
1004 		 * TDMA operation cannot coexist with a normal 802.11 network;
1005 		 * skip if IBSS or ESS capabilities are marked and require
1006 		 * the beacon have a TDMA ie present.
1007 		 */
1008 		if (vap->iv_caps & IEEE80211_C_TDMA) {
1009 			const struct ieee80211_tdma_param *tdma =
1010 			    (const struct ieee80211_tdma_param *)se->se_ies.tdma_ie;
1011 			const struct ieee80211_tdma_state *ts = vap->iv_tdma;
1012 
1013 			if (tdma == NULL)
1014 				fail |= MATCH_TDMA_NOIE;
1015 			else if (tdma->tdma_version != ts->tdma_version)
1016 				fail |= MATCH_TDMA_VERSION;
1017 			else if (tdma->tdma_slot != 0)
1018 				fail |= MATCH_TDMA_NOTMASTER;
1019 			else if (tdma_isfull(tdma))
1020 				fail |= MATCH_TDMA_NOSLOT;
1021 #if 0
1022 			else if (ieee80211_local_address(se->se_macaddr))
1023 				fail |= MATCH_TDMA_LOCAL;
1024 #endif
1025 		}
1026 #endif /* IEEE80211_SUPPORT_TDMA */
1027 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH
1028 	} else if (vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_MBSS) {
1029 		const struct ieee80211_mesh_state *ms = vap->iv_mesh;
1030 		/*
1031 		 * Mesh nodes have IBSS & ESS bits in capinfo turned off
1032 		 * and two special ie's that must be present.
1033 		 */
1034 		if (se->se_capinfo & (IEEE80211_CAPINFO_IBSS|IEEE80211_CAPINFO_ESS))
1035 			fail |= MATCH_CAPINFO;
1036 		else if (se->se_meshid[0] != IEEE80211_ELEMID_MESHID)
1037 			fail |= MATCH_MESH_NOID;
1038 		else if (ms->ms_idlen != 0 &&
1039 		    match_id(se->se_meshid, ms->ms_id, ms->ms_idlen))
1040 			fail |= MATCH_MESHID;
1041 #endif
1042 	} else {
1043 		if ((se->se_capinfo & IEEE80211_CAPINFO_ESS) == 0)
1044 			fail |= MATCH_CAPINFO;
1045 		/*
1046 		 * If 11d is enabled and we're attempting to join a bss
1047 		 * that advertises it's country code then compare our
1048 		 * current settings to what we fetched from the country ie.
1049 		 * If our country code is unspecified or different then do
1050 		 * not attempt to join the bss.  We should have already
1051 		 * dispatched an event to user space that identifies the
1052 		 * new country code so our regdomain config should match.
1053 		 */
1054 		if ((IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_11D(se->se_chan) ||
1055 		    (vap->iv_flags_ext & IEEE80211_FEXT_DOTD)) &&
1056 		    se->se_cc[0] != 0 &&
1057 		    (ic->ic_regdomain.country == CTRY_DEFAULT ||
1058 		     !isocmp(se->se_cc, ic->ic_regdomain.isocc)))
1059 			fail |= MATCH_CC;
1060 	}
1061 	if (vap->iv_flags & IEEE80211_F_PRIVACY) {
1062 		if ((se->se_capinfo & IEEE80211_CAPINFO_PRIVACY) == 0)
1063 			fail |= MATCH_PRIVACY;
1064 	} else {
1065 		/* XXX does this mean privacy is supported or required? */
1066 		if (se->se_capinfo & IEEE80211_CAPINFO_PRIVACY)
1067 			fail |= MATCH_PRIVACY;
1068 	}
1069 	se0->se_flags &= ~STA_DEMOTE11B;
1070 	rate = check_rate(vap, se->se_chan, se);
1071 	if (rate & IEEE80211_RATE_BASIC) {
1072 		fail |= MATCH_RATE;
1073 		/*
1074 		 * An 11b-only ap will give a rate mismatch if there is an
1075 		 * OFDM fixed tx rate for 11g.  Try downgrading the channel
1076 		 * in the scan list to 11b and retry the rate check.
1077 		 */
1078 		if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_ANYG(se->se_chan)) {
1079 			rate = check_rate(vap, demote11b(vap, se->se_chan), se);
1080 			if ((rate & IEEE80211_RATE_BASIC) == 0) {
1081 				fail &= ~MATCH_RATE;
1082 				se0->se_flags |= STA_DEMOTE11B;
1083 			}
1084 		}
1085 	} else if (rate < 2*24) {
1086 		/*
1087 		 * This is an 11b-only ap.  Check the desired mode in
1088 		 * case that needs to be honored (mode 11g filters out
1089 		 * 11b-only ap's).  Otherwise force any 11g channel used
1090 		 * in scanning to be demoted.
1091 		 *
1092 		 * NB: we cheat a bit here by looking at the max rate;
1093 		 *     we could/should check the rates.
1094 		 */
1095 		if (!(vap->iv_des_mode == IEEE80211_MODE_AUTO ||
1096 		      vap->iv_des_mode == IEEE80211_MODE_11B))
1097 			fail |= MATCH_RATE;
1098 		else
1099 			se0->se_flags |= STA_DEMOTE11B;
1100 	}
1101 	if (ss->ss_nssid != 0 &&
1102 	    !match_ssid(se->se_ssid, ss->ss_nssid, ss->ss_ssid))
1103 		fail |= MATCH_SSID;
1104 	if ((vap->iv_flags & IEEE80211_F_DESBSSID) &&
1105 	    !IEEE80211_ADDR_EQ(vap->iv_des_bssid, se->se_bssid))
1106 		fail |= MATCH_BSSID;
1107 	if (se0->se_fails >= STA_FAILS_MAX)
1108 		fail |= MATCH_FAILS;
1109 	if (se0->se_notseen >= STA_PURGE_SCANS)
1110 		fail |= MATCH_NOTSEEN;
1111 	if (se->se_rssi < STA_RSSI_MIN)
1112 		fail |= MATCH_RSSI;
1113 #ifdef IEEE80211_DEBUG
1114 	if (ieee80211_msg(vap, debug)) {
1115 		printf(" %c %s",
1116 		    fail & MATCH_FAILS ? '=' :
1117 		    fail & MATCH_NOTSEEN ? '^' :
1118 		    fail & MATCH_CC ? '$' :
1119 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_TDMA
1120 		    fail & MATCH_TDMA_NOIE ? '&' :
1121 		    fail & MATCH_TDMA_VERSION ? 'v' :
1122 		    fail & MATCH_TDMA_NOTMASTER ? 's' :
1123 		    fail & MATCH_TDMA_NOSLOT ? 'f' :
1124 		    fail & MATCH_TDMA_LOCAL ? 'l' :
1125 #endif
1126 		    fail & MATCH_MESH_NOID ? 'm' :
1127 		    fail ? '-' : '+', ether_sprintf(se->se_macaddr));
1128 		printf(" %s%c", ether_sprintf(se->se_bssid),
1129 		    fail & MATCH_BSSID ? '!' : ' ');
1130 		printf(" %3d%c", ieee80211_chan2ieee(ic, se->se_chan),
1131 			fail & MATCH_CHANNEL ? '!' : ' ');
1132 		printf(" %+4d%c", se->se_rssi, fail & MATCH_RSSI ? '!' : ' ');
1133 		printf(" %2dM%c", (rate & IEEE80211_RATE_VAL) / 2,
1134 		    fail & MATCH_RATE ? '!' : ' ');
1135 		printf(" %4s%c",
1136 		    (se->se_capinfo & IEEE80211_CAPINFO_ESS) ? "ess" :
1137 		    (se->se_capinfo & IEEE80211_CAPINFO_IBSS) ? "ibss" : "",
1138 		    fail & MATCH_CAPINFO ? '!' : ' ');
1139 		printf(" %3s%c ",
1140 		    (se->se_capinfo & IEEE80211_CAPINFO_PRIVACY) ?
1141 		    "wep" : "no",
1142 		    fail & MATCH_PRIVACY ? '!' : ' ');
1143 		ieee80211_print_essid(se->se_ssid+2, se->se_ssid[1]);
1144 		printf("%s\n", fail & (MATCH_SSID | MATCH_MESHID) ? "!" : "");
1145 	}
1146 #endif
1147 	return fail;
1148 }
1149 
1150 static void
1151 sta_update_notseen(struct sta_table *st)
1152 {
1153 	struct sta_entry *se;
1154 
1155 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK(st);
1156 	TAILQ_FOREACH(se, &st->st_entry, se_list) {
1157 		/*
1158 		 * If seen the reset and don't bump the count;
1159 		 * otherwise bump the ``not seen'' count.  Note
1160 		 * that this insures that stations for which we
1161 		 * see frames while not scanning but not during
1162 		 * this scan will not be penalized.
1163 		 */
1164 		if (se->se_seen)
1165 			se->se_seen = 0;
1166 		else
1167 			se->se_notseen++;
1168 	}
1169 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
1170 }
1171 
1172 static void
1173 sta_dec_fails(struct sta_table *st)
1174 {
1175 	struct sta_entry *se;
1176 
1177 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK(st);
1178 	TAILQ_FOREACH(se, &st->st_entry, se_list)
1179 		if (se->se_fails)
1180 			se->se_fails--;
1181 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
1182 }
1183 
1184 static struct sta_entry *
1185 select_bss(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap, int debug)
1186 {
1187 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1188 	struct sta_entry *se, *selbs = NULL;
1189 
1190 	IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, debug, " %s\n",
1191 	    "macaddr          bssid         chan  rssi  rate flag  wep  essid");
1192 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK(st);
1193 	TAILQ_FOREACH(se, &st->st_entry, se_list) {
1194 		ieee80211_ies_expand(&se->base.se_ies);
1195 		if (match_bss(vap, ss, se, debug) == 0) {
1196 			if (selbs == NULL)
1197 				selbs = se;
1198 			else if (sta_compare(se, selbs) > 0)
1199 				selbs = se;
1200 		}
1201 	}
1202 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
1203 
1204 	return selbs;
1205 }
1206 
1207 /*
1208  * Pick an ap or ibss network to join or find a channel
1209  * to use to start an ibss network.
1210  */
1211 static int
1212 sta_pick_bss(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
1213 {
1214 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1215 	struct sta_entry *selbs;
1216 	struct ieee80211_channel *chan;
1217 
1218 	KASSERT(vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_STA,
1219 		("wrong mode %u", vap->iv_opmode));
1220 
1221 	if (st->st_newscan) {
1222 		sta_update_notseen(st);
1223 		st->st_newscan = 0;
1224 	}
1225 	if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK) {
1226 		/*
1227 		 * Manual/background scan, don't select+join the
1228 		 * bss, just return.  The scanning framework will
1229 		 * handle notification that this has completed.
1230 		 */
1231 		ss->ss_flags &= ~IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK;
1232 		return 1;
1233 	}
1234 	/*
1235 	 * Automatic sequencing; look for a candidate and
1236 	 * if found join the network.
1237 	 */
1238 	/* NB: unlocked read should be ok */
1239 	if (TAILQ_FIRST(&st->st_entry) == NULL) {
1240 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
1241 			"%s: no scan candidate\n", __func__);
1242 		if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOJOIN)
1243 			return 0;
1244 notfound:
1245 		/*
1246 		 * If nothing suitable was found decrement
1247 		 * the failure counts so entries will be
1248 		 * reconsidered the next time around.  We
1249 		 * really want to do this only for sta's
1250 		 * where we've previously had some success.
1251 		 */
1252 		sta_dec_fails(st);
1253 		st->st_newscan = 1;
1254 		return 0;			/* restart scan */
1255 	}
1256 	selbs = select_bss(ss, vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN);
1257 	if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOJOIN)
1258 		return (selbs != NULL);
1259 	if (selbs == NULL)
1260 		goto notfound;
1261 	chan = selbs->base.se_chan;
1262 	if (selbs->se_flags & STA_DEMOTE11B)
1263 		chan = demote11b(vap, chan);
1264 	if (!ieee80211_sta_join(vap, chan, &selbs->base))
1265 		goto notfound;
1266 	return 1;				/* terminate scan */
1267 }
1268 
1269 /*
1270  * Lookup an entry in the scan cache.  We assume we're
1271  * called from the bottom half or such that we don't need
1272  * to block the bottom half so that it's safe to return
1273  * a reference to an entry w/o holding the lock on the table.
1274  */
1275 static struct sta_entry *
1276 sta_lookup(struct sta_table *st, const uint8_t macaddr[IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN])
1277 {
1278 	struct sta_entry *se;
1279 	int hash = STA_HASH(macaddr);
1280 
1281 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK(st);
1282 	LIST_FOREACH(se, &st->st_hash[hash], se_hash)
1283 		if (IEEE80211_ADDR_EQ(se->base.se_macaddr, macaddr))
1284 			break;
1285 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
1286 
1287 	return se;		/* NB: unlocked */
1288 }
1289 
1290 static void
1291 sta_roam_check(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
1292 {
1293 	struct ieee80211com *ic = vap->iv_ic;
1294 	struct ieee80211_node *ni = vap->iv_bss;
1295 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1296 	enum ieee80211_phymode mode;
1297 	struct sta_entry *se, *selbs;
1298 	uint8_t roamRate, curRate, ucastRate;
1299 	int8_t roamRssi, curRssi;
1300 
1301 	se = sta_lookup(st, ni->ni_macaddr);
1302 	if (se == NULL) {
1303 		/* XXX something is wrong */
1304 		return;
1305 	}
1306 
1307 	mode = ieee80211_chan2mode(ic->ic_bsschan);
1308 	roamRate = vap->iv_roamparms[mode].rate;
1309 	roamRssi = vap->iv_roamparms[mode].rssi;
1310 	ucastRate = vap->iv_txparms[mode].ucastrate;
1311 	/* NB: the most up to date rssi is in the node, not the scan cache */
1312 	curRssi = ic->ic_node_getrssi(ni);
1313 	if (ucastRate == IEEE80211_FIXED_RATE_NONE) {
1314 		curRate = ni->ni_txrate;
1315 		roamRate &= IEEE80211_RATE_VAL;
1316 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_ROAM,
1317 		    "%s: currssi %d currate %u roamrssi %d roamrate %u\n",
1318 		    __func__, curRssi, curRate, roamRssi, roamRate);
1319 	} else {
1320 		curRate = roamRate;	/* NB: insure compare below fails */
1321 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_ROAM,
1322 		    "%s: currssi %d roamrssi %d\n", __func__, curRssi, roamRssi);
1323 	}
1324 	/*
1325 	 * Check if a new ap should be used and switch.
1326 	 * XXX deauth current ap
1327 	 */
1328 	if (curRate < roamRate || curRssi < roamRssi) {
1329 		if (ieee80211_time_after(ticks, ic->ic_lastscan + vap->iv_scanvalid)) {
1330 			/*
1331 			 * Scan cache contents are too old; force a scan now
1332 			 * if possible so we have current state to make a
1333 			 * decision with.  We don't kick off a bg scan if
1334 			 * we're using dynamic turbo and boosted or if the
1335 			 * channel is busy.
1336 			 * XXX force immediate switch on scan complete
1337 			 */
1338 			if (!IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_DTURBO(ic->ic_curchan) &&
1339 			    ieee80211_time_after(ticks, ic->ic_lastdata + vap->iv_bgscanidle))
1340 				ieee80211_bg_scan(vap, 0);
1341 			return;
1342 		}
1343 		se->base.se_rssi = curRssi;
1344 		selbs = select_bss(ss, vap, IEEE80211_MSG_ROAM);
1345 		if (selbs != NULL && selbs != se) {
1346 			struct ieee80211_channel *chan;
1347 
1348 			IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap,
1349 			    IEEE80211_MSG_ROAM | IEEE80211_MSG_DEBUG,
1350 			    "%s: ROAM: curRate %u, roamRate %u, "
1351 			    "curRssi %d, roamRssi %d\n", __func__,
1352 			    curRate, roamRate, curRssi, roamRssi);
1353 
1354 			chan = selbs->base.se_chan;
1355 			if (selbs->se_flags & STA_DEMOTE11B)
1356 				chan = demote11b(vap, chan);
1357 			(void) ieee80211_sta_join(vap, chan, &selbs->base);
1358 		}
1359 	}
1360 }
1361 
1362 /*
1363  * Age entries in the scan cache.
1364  * XXX also do roaming since it's convenient
1365  */
1366 static void
1367 sta_age(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss)
1368 {
1369 	struct ieee80211vap *vap = ss->ss_vap;
1370 
1371 	adhoc_age(ss);
1372 	/*
1373 	 * If rate control is enabled check periodically to see if
1374 	 * we should roam from our current connection to one that
1375 	 * might be better.  This only applies when we're operating
1376 	 * in sta mode and automatic roaming is set.
1377 	 * XXX defer if busy
1378 	 * XXX repeater station
1379 	 * XXX do when !bgscan?
1380 	 */
1381 	KASSERT(vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_STA,
1382 		("wrong mode %u", vap->iv_opmode));
1383 	if (vap->iv_roaming == IEEE80211_ROAMING_AUTO &&
1384 	    (vap->iv_flags & IEEE80211_F_BGSCAN) &&
1385 	    vap->iv_state >= IEEE80211_S_RUN)
1386 		/* XXX vap is implicit */
1387 		sta_roam_check(ss, vap);
1388 }
1389 
1390 /*
1391  * Iterate over the entries in the scan cache, invoking
1392  * the callback function on each one.
1393  */
1394 static void
1395 sta_iterate(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss,
1396 	ieee80211_scan_iter_func *f, void *arg)
1397 {
1398 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1399 	struct sta_entry *se;
1400 	u_int gen;
1401 
1402 	IEEE80211_SCAN_ITER_LOCK(st);
1403 	gen = st->st_scaniter++;
1404 restart:
1405 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK(st);
1406 	TAILQ_FOREACH(se, &st->st_entry, se_list) {
1407 		if (se->se_scangen != gen) {
1408 			se->se_scangen = gen;
1409 			/* update public state */
1410 			se->base.se_age = ticks - se->se_lastupdate;
1411 			IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
1412 			(*f)(arg, &se->base);
1413 			goto restart;
1414 		}
1415 	}
1416 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
1417 
1418 	IEEE80211_SCAN_ITER_UNLOCK(st);
1419 }
1420 
1421 static void
1422 sta_assoc_fail(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss,
1423 	const uint8_t macaddr[IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN], int reason)
1424 {
1425 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1426 	struct sta_entry *se;
1427 
1428 	se = sta_lookup(st, macaddr);
1429 	if (se != NULL) {
1430 		se->se_fails++;
1431 		se->se_lastfail = ticks;
1432 		IEEE80211_NOTE_MAC(ss->ss_vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
1433 		    macaddr, "%s: reason %u fails %u",
1434 		    __func__, reason, se->se_fails);
1435 	}
1436 }
1437 
1438 static void
1439 sta_assoc_success(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss,
1440 	const uint8_t macaddr[IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN])
1441 {
1442 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1443 	struct sta_entry *se;
1444 
1445 	se = sta_lookup(st, macaddr);
1446 	if (se != NULL) {
1447 #if 0
1448 		se->se_fails = 0;
1449 		IEEE80211_NOTE_MAC(ss->ss_vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
1450 		    macaddr, "%s: fails %u",
1451 		    __func__, se->se_fails);
1452 #endif
1453 		se->se_lastassoc = ticks;
1454 	}
1455 }
1456 
1457 static const struct ieee80211_scanner sta_default = {
1458 	.scan_name		= "default",
1459 	.scan_attach		= sta_attach,
1460 	.scan_detach		= sta_detach,
1461 	.scan_start		= sta_start,
1462 	.scan_restart		= sta_restart,
1463 	.scan_cancel		= sta_cancel,
1464 	.scan_end		= sta_pick_bss,
1465 	.scan_flush		= sta_flush,
1466 	.scan_add		= sta_add,
1467 	.scan_age		= sta_age,
1468 	.scan_iterate		= sta_iterate,
1469 	.scan_assoc_fail	= sta_assoc_fail,
1470 	.scan_assoc_success	= sta_assoc_success,
1471 };
1472 IEEE80211_SCANNER_ALG(sta, IEEE80211_M_STA, sta_default);
1473 
1474 /*
1475  * Adhoc mode-specific support.
1476  */
1477 
1478 static const uint16_t adhocWorld[] =		/* 36, 40, 44, 48 */
1479 { 5180, 5200, 5220, 5240 };
1480 static const uint16_t adhocFcc3[] =		/* 36, 40, 44, 48 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165 */
1481 { 5180, 5200, 5220, 5240, 5725, 5745, 5765, 5785, 5805, 5825 };
1482 static const uint16_t adhocMkk[] =		/* 34, 38, 42, 46 */
1483 { 5170, 5190, 5210, 5230 };
1484 static const uint16_t adhoc11b[] =		/* 10, 11 */
1485 { 2457, 2462 };
1486 
1487 static const struct scanlist adhocScanTable[] = {
1488 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11B,   	X(adhoc11b) },
1489 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11A,   	X(adhocWorld) },
1490 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11A,   	X(adhocFcc3) },
1491 	{ IEEE80211_MODE_11B,   	X(adhocMkk) },
1492 	{ .list = NULL }
1493 };
1494 #undef X
1495 
1496 /*
1497  * Start an adhoc-mode scan by populating the channel list.
1498  */
1499 static int
1500 adhoc_start(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
1501 {
1502 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1503 
1504 	makescanlist(ss, vap, adhocScanTable);
1505 
1506 	if (ss->ss_mindwell == 0)
1507 		ss->ss_mindwell = msecs_to_ticks(200);	/* 200ms */
1508 	if (ss->ss_maxdwell == 0)
1509 		ss->ss_maxdwell = msecs_to_ticks(200);	/* 200ms */
1510 
1511 	st->st_scangen++;
1512 	st->st_newscan = 1;
1513 
1514 	return 0;
1515 }
1516 
1517 /*
1518  * Select a channel to start an adhoc network on.
1519  * The channel list was populated with appropriate
1520  * channels so select one that looks least occupied.
1521  */
1522 static struct ieee80211_channel *
1523 adhoc_pick_channel(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, int flags)
1524 {
1525 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1526 	struct sta_entry *se;
1527 	struct ieee80211_channel *c, *bestchan;
1528 	int i, bestrssi, maxrssi;
1529 
1530 	bestchan = NULL;
1531 	bestrssi = -1;
1532 
1533 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK(st);
1534 	for (i = 0; i < ss->ss_last; i++) {
1535 		c = ss->ss_chans[i];
1536 		/* never consider a channel with radar */
1537 		if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_RADAR(c))
1538 			continue;
1539 		/* skip channels disallowed by regulatory settings */
1540 		if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_NOADHOC(c))
1541 			continue;
1542 		/* check channel attributes for band compatibility */
1543 		if (flags != 0 && (c->ic_flags & flags) != flags)
1544 			continue;
1545 		maxrssi = 0;
1546 		TAILQ_FOREACH(se, &st->st_entry, se_list) {
1547 			if (se->base.se_chan != c)
1548 				continue;
1549 			if (se->base.se_rssi > maxrssi)
1550 				maxrssi = se->base.se_rssi;
1551 		}
1552 		if (bestchan == NULL || maxrssi < bestrssi)
1553 			bestchan = c;
1554 	}
1555 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
1556 
1557 	return bestchan;
1558 }
1559 
1560 /*
1561  * Pick an ibss network to join or find a channel
1562  * to use to start an ibss network.
1563  */
1564 static int
1565 adhoc_pick_bss(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
1566 {
1567 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1568 	struct sta_entry *selbs;
1569 	struct ieee80211_channel *chan;
1570 	struct ieee80211com *ic = vap->iv_ic;
1571 
1572 	KASSERT(vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_IBSS ||
1573 		vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_AHDEMO ||
1574 		vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_MBSS,
1575 		("wrong opmode %u", vap->iv_opmode));
1576 
1577 	if (st->st_newscan) {
1578 		sta_update_notseen(st);
1579 		st->st_newscan = 0;
1580 	}
1581 	if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK) {
1582 		/*
1583 		 * Manual/background scan, don't select+join the
1584 		 * bss, just return.  The scanning framework will
1585 		 * handle notification that this has completed.
1586 		 */
1587 		ss->ss_flags &= ~IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK;
1588 		return 1;
1589 	}
1590 	/*
1591 	 * Automatic sequencing; look for a candidate and
1592 	 * if found join the network.
1593 	 */
1594 	/* NB: unlocked read should be ok */
1595 	if (TAILQ_FIRST(&st->st_entry) == NULL) {
1596 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
1597 			"%s: no scan candidate\n", __func__);
1598 		if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOJOIN)
1599 			return 0;
1600 notfound:
1601 		/* NB: never auto-start a tdma network for slot !0 */
1602 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_TDMA
1603 		if (vap->iv_des_nssid &&
1604 		    ((vap->iv_caps & IEEE80211_C_TDMA) == 0 ||
1605 		     ieee80211_tdma_getslot(vap) == 0)) {
1606 #else
1607 		if (vap->iv_des_nssid) {
1608 #endif
1609 			/*
1610 			 * No existing adhoc network to join and we have
1611 			 * an ssid; start one up.  If no channel was
1612 			 * specified, try to select a channel.
1613 			 */
1614 			if (vap->iv_des_chan == IEEE80211_CHAN_ANYC ||
1615 			    IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_RADAR(vap->iv_des_chan)) {
1616 				chan = adhoc_pick_channel(ss, 0);
1617 			} else
1618 				chan = vap->iv_des_chan;
1619 			if (chan != NULL) {
1620 				/*
1621 				 * Create a HT capable IBSS; the per-node
1622 				 * probe request/response will result in
1623 				 * "correct" rate control capabilities being
1624 				 * negotiated.
1625 				 */
1626 				chan = ieee80211_ht_adjust_channel(ic,
1627 				    chan, vap->iv_flags_ht);
1628 				ieee80211_create_ibss(vap, chan);
1629 				return 1;
1630 			}
1631 		}
1632 		/*
1633 		 * If nothing suitable was found decrement
1634 		 * the failure counts so entries will be
1635 		 * reconsidered the next time around.  We
1636 		 * really want to do this only for sta's
1637 		 * where we've previously had some success.
1638 		 */
1639 		sta_dec_fails(st);
1640 		st->st_newscan = 1;
1641 		return 0;			/* restart scan */
1642 	}
1643 	selbs = select_bss(ss, vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN);
1644 	if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOJOIN)
1645 		return (selbs != NULL);
1646 	if (selbs == NULL)
1647 		goto notfound;
1648 	chan = selbs->base.se_chan;
1649 	if (selbs->se_flags & STA_DEMOTE11B)
1650 		chan = demote11b(vap, chan);
1651 	/*
1652 	 * If HT is available, make it a possibility here.
1653 	 * The intent is to enable HT20/HT40 when joining a non-HT
1654 	 * IBSS node; we can then advertise HT IEs and speak HT
1655 	 * to any subsequent nodes that support it.
1656 	 */
1657 	chan = ieee80211_ht_adjust_channel(ic,
1658 	    chan, vap->iv_flags_ht);
1659 	if (!ieee80211_sta_join(vap, chan, &selbs->base))
1660 		goto notfound;
1661 	return 1;				/* terminate scan */
1662 }
1663 
1664 /*
1665  * Age entries in the scan cache.
1666  */
1667 static void
1668 adhoc_age(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss)
1669 {
1670 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1671 	struct sta_entry *se, *next;
1672 
1673 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_LOCK(st);
1674 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(se, &st->st_entry, se_list, next) {
1675 		if (se->se_notseen > STA_PURGE_SCANS) {
1676 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&st->st_entry, se, se_list);
1677 			LIST_REMOVE(se, se_hash);
1678 			ieee80211_ies_cleanup(&se->base.se_ies);
1679 			IEEE80211_FREE(se, M_80211_SCAN);
1680 		}
1681 	}
1682 	IEEE80211_SCAN_TABLE_UNLOCK(st);
1683 }
1684 
1685 static const struct ieee80211_scanner adhoc_default = {
1686 	.scan_name		= "default",
1687 	.scan_attach		= sta_attach,
1688 	.scan_detach		= sta_detach,
1689 	.scan_start		= adhoc_start,
1690 	.scan_restart		= sta_restart,
1691 	.scan_cancel		= sta_cancel,
1692 	.scan_end		= adhoc_pick_bss,
1693 	.scan_flush		= sta_flush,
1694 	.scan_pickchan		= adhoc_pick_channel,
1695 	.scan_add		= sta_add,
1696 	.scan_age		= adhoc_age,
1697 	.scan_iterate		= sta_iterate,
1698 	.scan_assoc_fail	= sta_assoc_fail,
1699 	.scan_assoc_success	= sta_assoc_success,
1700 };
1701 IEEE80211_SCANNER_ALG(ibss, IEEE80211_M_IBSS, adhoc_default);
1702 IEEE80211_SCANNER_ALG(ahdemo, IEEE80211_M_AHDEMO, adhoc_default);
1703 
1704 static int
1705 ap_start(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
1706 {
1707 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1708 
1709 	makescanlist(ss, vap, staScanTable);
1710 
1711 	if (ss->ss_mindwell == 0)
1712 		ss->ss_mindwell = msecs_to_ticks(200);	/* 200ms */
1713 	if (ss->ss_maxdwell == 0)
1714 		ss->ss_maxdwell = msecs_to_ticks(200);	/* 200ms */
1715 
1716 	st->st_scangen++;
1717 	st->st_newscan = 1;
1718 
1719 	return 0;
1720 }
1721 
1722 /*
1723  * Cancel an ongoing scan.
1724  */
1725 static int
1726 ap_cancel(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
1727 {
1728 	return 0;
1729 }
1730 
1731 /*
1732  * Pick a quiet channel to use for ap operation.
1733  */
1734 static struct ieee80211_channel *
1735 ap_pick_channel(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, int flags)
1736 {
1737 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1738 	struct ieee80211_channel *bestchan = NULL;
1739 	int i;
1740 
1741 	/* XXX select channel more intelligently, e.g. channel spread, power */
1742 	/* NB: use scan list order to preserve channel preference */
1743 	for (i = 0; i < ss->ss_last; i++) {
1744 		struct ieee80211_channel *chan = ss->ss_chans[i];
1745 		/*
1746 		 * If the channel is unoccupied the max rssi
1747 		 * should be zero; just take it.  Otherwise
1748 		 * track the channel with the lowest rssi and
1749 		 * use that when all channels appear occupied.
1750 		 */
1751 		if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_RADAR(chan))
1752 			continue;
1753 		if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_NOHOSTAP(chan))
1754 			continue;
1755 		/* check channel attributes for band compatibility */
1756 		if (flags != 0 && (chan->ic_flags & flags) != flags)
1757 			continue;
1758 		KASSERT(sizeof(chan->ic_ieee) == 1, ("ic_chan size"));
1759 		/* XXX channel have interference */
1760 		if (st->st_maxrssi[chan->ic_ieee] == 0) {
1761 			/* XXX use other considerations */
1762 			return chan;
1763 		}
1764 		if (bestchan == NULL ||
1765 		    st->st_maxrssi[chan->ic_ieee] < st->st_maxrssi[bestchan->ic_ieee])
1766 			bestchan = chan;
1767 	}
1768 	return bestchan;
1769 }
1770 
1771 /*
1772  * Pick a quiet channel to use for ap operation.
1773  */
1774 static int
1775 ap_end(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
1776 {
1777 	struct ieee80211com *ic = vap->iv_ic;
1778 	struct ieee80211_channel *bestchan;
1779 
1780 	KASSERT(vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_HOSTAP,
1781 		("wrong opmode %u", vap->iv_opmode));
1782 	bestchan = ap_pick_channel(ss, 0);
1783 	if (bestchan == NULL) {
1784 		/* no suitable channel, should not happen */
1785 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
1786 		    "%s: no suitable channel! (should not happen)\n", __func__);
1787 		/* XXX print something? */
1788 		return 0;			/* restart scan */
1789 	}
1790 	/*
1791 	 * If this is a dynamic turbo channel, start with the unboosted one.
1792 	 */
1793 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_TURBO(bestchan)) {
1794 		bestchan = ieee80211_find_channel(ic, bestchan->ic_freq,
1795 			bestchan->ic_flags & ~IEEE80211_CHAN_TURBO);
1796 		if (bestchan == NULL) {
1797 			/* should never happen ?? */
1798 			return 0;
1799 		}
1800 	}
1801 	if (ss->ss_flags & (IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK | IEEE80211_SCAN_NOJOIN)) {
1802 		/*
1803 		 * Manual/background scan, don't select+join the
1804 		 * bss, just return.  The scanning framework will
1805 		 * handle notification that this has completed.
1806 		 */
1807 		ss->ss_flags &= ~IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK;
1808 		return 1;
1809 	}
1810 	ieee80211_create_ibss(vap,
1811 	    ieee80211_ht_adjust_channel(ic, bestchan, vap->iv_flags_ht));
1812 	return 1;
1813 }
1814 
1815 static const struct ieee80211_scanner ap_default = {
1816 	.scan_name		= "default",
1817 	.scan_attach		= sta_attach,
1818 	.scan_detach		= sta_detach,
1819 	.scan_start		= ap_start,
1820 	.scan_restart		= sta_restart,
1821 	.scan_cancel		= ap_cancel,
1822 	.scan_end		= ap_end,
1823 	.scan_flush		= sta_flush,
1824 	.scan_pickchan		= ap_pick_channel,
1825 	.scan_add		= sta_add,
1826 	.scan_age		= adhoc_age,
1827 	.scan_iterate		= sta_iterate,
1828 	.scan_assoc_success	= sta_assoc_success,
1829 	.scan_assoc_fail	= sta_assoc_fail,
1830 };
1831 IEEE80211_SCANNER_ALG(ap, IEEE80211_M_HOSTAP, ap_default);
1832 
1833 #ifdef IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH
1834 /*
1835  * Pick an mbss network to join or find a channel
1836  * to use to start an mbss network.
1837  */
1838 static int
1839 mesh_pick_bss(struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss, struct ieee80211vap *vap)
1840 {
1841 	struct sta_table *st = ss->ss_priv;
1842 	struct ieee80211_mesh_state *ms = vap->iv_mesh;
1843 	struct sta_entry *selbs;
1844 	struct ieee80211_channel *chan;
1845 
1846 	KASSERT(vap->iv_opmode == IEEE80211_M_MBSS,
1847 		("wrong opmode %u", vap->iv_opmode));
1848 
1849 	if (st->st_newscan) {
1850 		sta_update_notseen(st);
1851 		st->st_newscan = 0;
1852 	}
1853 	if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK) {
1854 		/*
1855 		 * Manual/background scan, don't select+join the
1856 		 * bss, just return.  The scanning framework will
1857 		 * handle notification that this has completed.
1858 		 */
1859 		ss->ss_flags &= ~IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK;
1860 		return 1;
1861 	}
1862 	/*
1863 	 * Automatic sequencing; look for a candidate and
1864 	 * if found join the network.
1865 	 */
1866 	/* NB: unlocked read should be ok */
1867 	if (TAILQ_FIRST(&st->st_entry) == NULL) {
1868 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
1869 			"%s: no scan candidate\n", __func__);
1870 		if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOJOIN)
1871 			return 0;
1872 notfound:
1873 		if (ms->ms_idlen != 0) {
1874 			/*
1875 			 * No existing mbss network to join and we have
1876 			 * a meshid; start one up.  If no channel was
1877 			 * specified, try to select a channel.
1878 			 */
1879 			if (vap->iv_des_chan == IEEE80211_CHAN_ANYC ||
1880 			    IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_RADAR(vap->iv_des_chan)) {
1881 				struct ieee80211com *ic = vap->iv_ic;
1882 
1883 				chan = adhoc_pick_channel(ss, 0);
1884 				if (chan != NULL)
1885 					chan = ieee80211_ht_adjust_channel(ic,
1886 					    chan, vap->iv_flags_ht);
1887 			} else
1888 				chan = vap->iv_des_chan;
1889 			if (chan != NULL) {
1890 				ieee80211_create_ibss(vap, chan);
1891 				return 1;
1892 			}
1893 		}
1894 		/*
1895 		 * If nothing suitable was found decrement
1896 		 * the failure counts so entries will be
1897 		 * reconsidered the next time around.  We
1898 		 * really want to do this only for sta's
1899 		 * where we've previously had some success.
1900 		 */
1901 		sta_dec_fails(st);
1902 		st->st_newscan = 1;
1903 		return 0;			/* restart scan */
1904 	}
1905 	selbs = select_bss(ss, vap, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN);
1906 	if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOJOIN)
1907 		return (selbs != NULL);
1908 	if (selbs == NULL)
1909 		goto notfound;
1910 	chan = selbs->base.se_chan;
1911 	if (selbs->se_flags & STA_DEMOTE11B)
1912 		chan = demote11b(vap, chan);
1913 	if (!ieee80211_sta_join(vap, chan, &selbs->base))
1914 		goto notfound;
1915 	return 1;				/* terminate scan */
1916 }
1917 
1918 static const struct ieee80211_scanner mesh_default = {
1919 	.scan_name		= "default",
1920 	.scan_attach		= sta_attach,
1921 	.scan_detach		= sta_detach,
1922 	.scan_start		= adhoc_start,
1923 	.scan_restart		= sta_restart,
1924 	.scan_cancel		= sta_cancel,
1925 	.scan_end		= mesh_pick_bss,
1926 	.scan_flush		= sta_flush,
1927 	.scan_pickchan		= adhoc_pick_channel,
1928 	.scan_add		= sta_add,
1929 	.scan_age		= adhoc_age,
1930 	.scan_iterate		= sta_iterate,
1931 	.scan_assoc_fail	= sta_assoc_fail,
1932 	.scan_assoc_success	= sta_assoc_success,
1933 };
1934 IEEE80211_SCANNER_ALG(mesh, IEEE80211_M_MBSS, mesh_default);
1935 #endif /* IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH */
1936