xref: /freebsd/sys/net80211/ieee80211_scan.c (revision b28624fde638caadd4a89f50c9b7e7da0f98c4d2)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2002-2007 Sam Leffler, Errno Consulting
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
27 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
28 
29 /*
30  * IEEE 802.11 scanning support.
31  */
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/systm.h>
34 #include <sys/kernel.h>
35 
36 #include <sys/socket.h>
37 
38 #include <net/if.h>
39 #include <net/if_media.h>
40 #include <net/ethernet.h>
41 
42 #include <net80211/ieee80211_var.h>
43 
44 #include <net/bpf.h>
45 
46 struct scan_state {
47 	struct ieee80211_scan_state base;	/* public state */
48 
49 	u_int		ss_iflags;		/* flags used internally */
50 #define	ISCAN_MINDWELL 	0x0001		/* min dwell time reached */
51 #define	ISCAN_DISCARD	0x0002		/* discard rx'd frames */
52 #define	ISCAN_CANCEL	0x0004		/* cancel current scan */
53 #define	ISCAN_START	0x0008		/* 1st time through next_scan */
54 	unsigned long	ss_chanmindwell;	/* min dwell on curchan */
55 	unsigned long	ss_scanend;		/* time scan must stop */
56 	u_int		ss_duration;		/* duration for next scan */
57 	struct callout	ss_scan_timer;		/* scan timer */
58 };
59 #define	SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)	((struct scan_state *) ss)
60 
61 /*
62  * Amount of time to go off-channel during a background
63  * scan.  This value should be large enough to catch most
64  * ap's but short enough that we can return on-channel
65  * before our listen interval expires.
66  *
67  * XXX tunable
68  * XXX check against configured listen interval
69  */
70 #define	IEEE80211_SCAN_OFFCHANNEL	msecs_to_ticks(150)
71 
72 /*
73  * Roaming-related defaults.  RSSI thresholds are as returned by the
74  * driver (dBm).  Transmit rate thresholds are IEEE rate codes (i.e
75  * .5M units).
76  */
77 #define	ROAM_RSSI_11A_DEFAULT		14	/* rssi threshold for 11a bss */
78 #define	ROAM_RSSI_11B_DEFAULT		14	/* rssi threshold for 11b bss */
79 #define	ROAM_RSSI_11BONLY_DEFAULT	14	/* rssi threshold for 11b-only bss */
80 #define	ROAM_RATE_11A_DEFAULT		2*12	/* tx rate thresh for 11a bss */
81 #define	ROAM_RATE_11B_DEFAULT		2*5	/* tx rate thresh for 11b bss */
82 #define	ROAM_RATE_11BONLY_DEFAULT	2*1	/* tx rate thresh for 11b-only bss */
83 
84 static	void scan_restart_pwrsav(void *);
85 static	void scan_curchan(struct ieee80211com *, unsigned long);
86 static	void scan_mindwell(struct ieee80211com *);
87 static	void scan_next(void *);
88 
89 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_80211_SCAN, "80211scan", "802.11 scan state");
90 
91 void
92 ieee80211_scan_attach(struct ieee80211com *ic)
93 {
94 	struct scan_state *ss;
95 
96 	ic->ic_roaming = IEEE80211_ROAMING_AUTO;
97 
98 	MALLOC(ss, struct scan_state *, sizeof(struct scan_state),
99 		M_80211_SCAN, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
100 	if (ss == NULL) {
101 		ic->ic_scan = NULL;
102 		return;
103 	}
104 	callout_init(&ss->ss_scan_timer, CALLOUT_MPSAFE);
105 	ic->ic_scan = &ss->base;
106 
107 	ic->ic_scan_curchan = scan_curchan;
108 	ic->ic_scan_mindwell = scan_mindwell;
109 
110 	ic->ic_bgscanidle = (IEEE80211_BGSCAN_IDLE_DEFAULT*1000)/hz;
111 	ic->ic_bgscanintvl = IEEE80211_BGSCAN_INTVAL_DEFAULT*hz;
112 	ic->ic_scanvalid = IEEE80211_SCAN_VALID_DEFAULT*hz;
113 	ic->ic_roam.rssi11a = ROAM_RSSI_11A_DEFAULT;
114 	ic->ic_roam.rssi11b = ROAM_RSSI_11B_DEFAULT;
115 	ic->ic_roam.rssi11bOnly = ROAM_RSSI_11BONLY_DEFAULT;
116 	ic->ic_roam.rate11a = ROAM_RATE_11A_DEFAULT;
117 	ic->ic_roam.rate11b = ROAM_RATE_11B_DEFAULT;
118 	ic->ic_roam.rate11bOnly = ROAM_RATE_11BONLY_DEFAULT;
119 }
120 
121 void
122 ieee80211_scan_detach(struct ieee80211com *ic)
123 {
124 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
125 
126 	if (ss != NULL) {
127 		callout_drain(&SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_scan_timer);
128 		if (ss->ss_ops != NULL) {
129 			ss->ss_ops->scan_detach(ss);
130 			ss->ss_ops = NULL;
131 		}
132 		ic->ic_flags &= ~IEEE80211_F_SCAN;
133 		ic->ic_scan = NULL;
134 		FREE(SCAN_PRIVATE(ss), M_80211_SCAN);
135 	}
136 }
137 
138 /*
139  * Simple-minded scanner module support.
140  */
141 #define	IEEE80211_SCANNER_MAX	(IEEE80211_M_MONITOR+1)
142 
143 static const char *scan_modnames[IEEE80211_SCANNER_MAX] = {
144 	"wlan_scan_sta",	/* IEEE80211_M_IBSS */
145 	"wlan_scan_sta",	/* IEEE80211_M_STA */
146 	"wlan_scan_wds",	/* IEEE80211_M_WDS */
147 	"wlan_scan_sta",	/* IEEE80211_M_AHDEMO */
148 	"wlan_scan_4",		/* n/a */
149 	"wlan_scan_5",		/* n/a */
150 	"wlan_scan_ap",		/* IEEE80211_M_HOSTAP */
151 	"wlan_scan_7",		/* n/a */
152 	"wlan_scan_monitor",	/* IEEE80211_M_MONITOR */
153 };
154 static const struct ieee80211_scanner *scanners[IEEE80211_SCANNER_MAX];
155 
156 const struct ieee80211_scanner *
157 ieee80211_scanner_get(enum ieee80211_opmode mode)
158 {
159 	if (mode >= IEEE80211_SCANNER_MAX)
160 		return NULL;
161 	if (scanners[mode] == NULL)
162 		ieee80211_load_module(scan_modnames[mode]);
163 	return scanners[mode];
164 }
165 
166 void
167 ieee80211_scanner_register(enum ieee80211_opmode mode,
168 	const struct ieee80211_scanner *scan)
169 {
170 	if (mode >= IEEE80211_SCANNER_MAX)
171 		return;
172 	scanners[mode] = scan;
173 }
174 
175 void
176 ieee80211_scanner_unregister(enum ieee80211_opmode mode,
177 	const struct ieee80211_scanner *scan)
178 {
179 	if (mode >= IEEE80211_SCANNER_MAX)
180 		return;
181 	if (scanners[mode] == scan)
182 		scanners[mode] = NULL;
183 }
184 
185 void
186 ieee80211_scanner_unregister_all(const struct ieee80211_scanner *scan)
187 {
188 	int m;
189 
190 	for (m = 0; m < IEEE80211_SCANNER_MAX; m++)
191 		if (scanners[m] == scan)
192 			scanners[m] = NULL;
193 }
194 
195 /*
196  * Update common scanner state to reflect the current
197  * operating mode.  This is called when the state machine
198  * is transitioned to RUN state w/o scanning--e.g. when
199  * operating in monitor mode.  The purpose of this is to
200  * ensure later callbacks find ss_ops set to properly
201  * reflect current operating mode.
202  */
203 int
204 ieee80211_scan_update(struct ieee80211com *ic)
205 {
206 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
207 	const struct ieee80211_scanner *scan;
208 
209 	scan = ieee80211_scanner_get(ic->ic_opmode);
210 	IEEE80211_LOCK(ic);
211 	if (scan == NULL) {
212 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
213 		    "%s: no scanner support for mode %u\n",
214 		    __func__, ic->ic_opmode);
215 		/* XXX stat */
216 	}
217 	ss->ss_ic = ic;
218 	if (ss->ss_ops != scan) {
219 		/* switch scanners; detach old, attach new */
220 		if (ss->ss_ops != NULL)
221 			ss->ss_ops->scan_detach(ss);
222 		if (scan != NULL && !scan->scan_attach(ss)) {
223 			/* XXX attach failure */
224 			/* XXX stat+msg */
225 			ss->ss_ops = NULL;
226 		} else
227 			ss->ss_ops = scan;
228 	}
229 	IEEE80211_UNLOCK(ic);
230 
231 	return (scan != NULL);
232 }
233 
234 static void
235 change_channel(struct ieee80211com *ic,
236 	struct ieee80211_channel *chan)
237 {
238 	ic->ic_curchan = chan;
239 	ic->ic_set_channel(ic);
240 }
241 
242 static char
243 channel_type(const struct ieee80211_channel *c)
244 {
245 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_ST(c))
246 		return 'S';
247 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_108A(c))
248 		return 'T';
249 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_108G(c))
250 		return 'G';
251 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_HT(c))
252 		return 'n';
253 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_A(c))
254 		return 'a';
255 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_ANYG(c))
256 		return 'g';
257 	if (IEEE80211_IS_CHAN_B(c))
258 		return 'b';
259 	return 'f';
260 }
261 
262 void
263 ieee80211_scan_dump_channels(const struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss)
264 {
265 	struct ieee80211com *ic = ss->ss_ic;
266 	const char *sep;
267 	int i;
268 
269 	sep = "";
270 	for (i = ss->ss_next; i < ss->ss_last; i++) {
271 		const struct ieee80211_channel *c = ss->ss_chans[i];
272 
273 		printf("%s%u%c", sep, ieee80211_chan2ieee(ic, c),
274 			channel_type(c));
275 		sep = ", ";
276 	}
277 }
278 
279 /*
280  * Enable station power save mode and start/restart the scanning thread.
281  */
282 static void
283 scan_restart_pwrsav(void *arg)
284 {
285 	struct scan_state *ss = (struct scan_state *) arg;
286 	struct ieee80211com *ic = ss->base.ss_ic;
287 	int delay;
288 
289 	ieee80211_sta_pwrsave(ic, 1);
290 	/*
291 	 * Use an initial 1ms delay to insure the null
292 	 * data frame has a chance to go out.
293 	 * XXX 1ms is a lot, better to trigger scan
294 	 * on tx complete.
295 	 */
296 	delay = hz/1000;
297 	if (delay < 1)
298 		delay = 1;
299 	ic->ic_scan_start(ic);			/* notify driver */
300 	ss->ss_scanend = ticks + delay + ss->ss_duration;
301 	ss->ss_iflags |= ISCAN_START;
302 	callout_reset(&ss->ss_scan_timer, delay, scan_next, ss);
303 }
304 
305 /*
306  * Start/restart scanning.  If we're operating in station mode
307  * and associated notify the ap we're going into power save mode
308  * and schedule a callback to initiate the work (where there's a
309  * better context for doing the work).  Otherwise, start the scan
310  * directly.
311  */
312 static int
313 scan_restart(struct scan_state *ss, u_int duration)
314 {
315 	struct ieee80211com *ic = ss->base.ss_ic;
316 	int defer = 0;
317 
318 	if (ss->base.ss_next == ss->base.ss_last) {
319 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
320 			"%s: no channels to scan\n", __func__);
321 		return 0;
322 	}
323 	if (ic->ic_opmode == IEEE80211_M_STA &&
324 	    ic->ic_state == IEEE80211_S_RUN) {
325 		if ((ic->ic_bss->ni_flags & IEEE80211_NODE_PWR_MGT) == 0) {
326 			/*
327 			 * Initiate power save before going off-channel.
328 			 * Note that we cannot do this directly because
329 			 * of locking issues; instead we defer it to a
330 			 * tasklet.
331 			 */
332 			ss->ss_duration = duration;
333 			defer = 1;
334 		}
335 	}
336 
337 	if (!defer) {
338 		ic->ic_scan_start(ic);		/* notify driver */
339 		ss->ss_scanend = ticks + duration;
340 		ss->ss_iflags |= ISCAN_START;
341 		callout_reset(&ss->ss_scan_timer, 0, scan_next, ss);
342 	} else
343 		scan_restart_pwrsav(ss);
344 	return 1;
345 }
346 
347 static void
348 copy_ssid(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss,
349 	int nssid, const struct ieee80211_scan_ssid ssids[])
350 {
351 	if (nssid > IEEE80211_SCAN_MAX_SSID) {
352 		/* XXX printf */
353 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
354 		    "%s: too many ssid %d, ignoring all of them\n",
355 		    __func__, nssid);
356 		return;
357 	}
358 	memcpy(ss->ss_ssid, ssids, nssid * sizeof(ssids[0]));
359 	ss->ss_nssid = nssid;
360 }
361 
362 /*
363  * Start a scan unless one is already going.
364  */
365 int
366 ieee80211_start_scan(struct ieee80211com *ic, int flags, u_int duration,
367 	u_int nssid, const struct ieee80211_scan_ssid ssids[])
368 {
369 	const struct ieee80211_scanner *scan;
370 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
371 
372 	scan = ieee80211_scanner_get(ic->ic_opmode);
373 	if (scan == NULL) {
374 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
375 		    "%s: no scanner support for mode %u\n",
376 		    __func__, ic->ic_opmode);
377 		/* XXX stat */
378 		return 0;
379 	}
380 
381 	IEEE80211_LOCK(ic);
382 	if ((ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_SCAN) == 0) {
383 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
384 		    "%s: %s scan, duration %u, desired mode %s, %s%s%s%s\n"
385 		    , __func__
386 		    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE ? "active" : "passive"
387 		    , duration
388 		    , ieee80211_phymode_name[ic->ic_des_mode]
389 		    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_FLUSH ? "flush" : "append"
390 		    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK ? ", nopick" : ""
391 		    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_PICK1ST ? ", pick1st" : ""
392 		    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ONCE ? ", once" : ""
393 		);
394 
395 		ss->ss_ic = ic;
396 		if (ss->ss_ops != scan) {
397 			/* switch scanners; detach old, attach new */
398 			if (ss->ss_ops != NULL)
399 				ss->ss_ops->scan_detach(ss);
400 			if (!scan->scan_attach(ss)) {
401 				/* XXX attach failure */
402 				/* XXX stat+msg */
403 				ss->ss_ops = NULL;
404 			} else
405 				ss->ss_ops = scan;
406 		}
407 		if (ss->ss_ops != NULL) {
408 			if ((flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOSSID) == 0)
409 				copy_ssid(ic, ss, nssid, ssids);
410 
411 			/* NB: top 4 bits for internal use */
412 			ss->ss_flags = flags & 0xfff;
413 			if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE)
414 				ic->ic_stats.is_scan_active++;
415 			else
416 				ic->ic_stats.is_scan_passive++;
417 			if (flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_FLUSH)
418 				ss->ss_ops->scan_flush(ss);
419 
420 			/* NB: flush frames rx'd before 1st channel change */
421 			SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags |= ISCAN_DISCARD;
422 			ss->ss_ops->scan_start(ss, ic);
423 			if (scan_restart(SCAN_PRIVATE(ss), duration))
424 				ic->ic_flags |= IEEE80211_F_SCAN;
425 		}
426 	} else {
427 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
428 		    "%s: %s scan already in progress\n", __func__,
429 		    ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE ? "active" : "passive");
430 	}
431 	IEEE80211_UNLOCK(ic);
432 
433 	/* NB: racey, does it matter? */
434 	return (ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_SCAN);
435 }
436 
437 /*
438  * Check the scan cache for an ap/channel to use; if that
439  * fails then kick off a new scan.
440  */
441 int
442 ieee80211_check_scan(struct ieee80211com *ic, int flags, u_int duration,
443 	u_int nssid, const struct ieee80211_scan_ssid ssids[])
444 {
445 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
446 	int checkscanlist = 0;
447 
448 	/*
449 	 * Check if there's a list of scan candidates already.
450 	 * XXX want more than the ap we're currently associated with
451 	 */
452 
453 	IEEE80211_LOCK(ic);
454 	IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
455 	    "%s: %s scan, duration %u, desired mode %s, %s%s%s%s\n"
456 	    , __func__
457 	    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE ? "active" : "passive"
458 	    , duration
459 	    , ieee80211_phymode_name[ic->ic_des_mode]
460 	    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_FLUSH ? "flush" : "append"
461 	    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK ? ", nopick" : ""
462 	    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_PICK1ST ? ", pick1st" : ""
463 	    , flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ONCE ? ", once" : ""
464 	);
465 
466 	if (ss->ss_ops != NULL) {
467 		/* XXX verify ss_ops matches ic->ic_opmode */
468 		if ((flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_NOSSID) == 0) {
469 			/*
470 			 * Update the ssid list and mark flags so if
471 			 * we call start_scan it doesn't duplicate work.
472 			 */
473 			copy_ssid(ic, ss, nssid, ssids);
474 			flags |= IEEE80211_SCAN_NOSSID;
475 		}
476 		if ((ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_SCAN) == 0 &&
477 		     time_before(ticks, ic->ic_lastscan + ic->ic_scanvalid)) {
478 			/*
479 			 * We're not currently scanning and the cache is
480 			 * deemed hot enough to consult.  Lock out others
481 			 * by marking IEEE80211_F_SCAN while we decide if
482 			 * something is already in the scan cache we can
483 			 * use.  Also discard any frames that might come
484 			 * in while temporarily marked as scanning.
485 			 */
486 			SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags |= ISCAN_DISCARD;
487 			ic->ic_flags |= IEEE80211_F_SCAN;
488 			checkscanlist = 1;
489 		}
490 	}
491 	IEEE80211_UNLOCK(ic);
492 	if (checkscanlist) {
493 		const struct ieee80211_scanner *scan;
494 
495 		scan = ieee80211_scanner_get(ic->ic_opmode);
496 		if (scan == NULL) {
497 			IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
498 			    "%s: no scanner support for mode %u\n",
499 			    __func__, ic->ic_opmode);
500 			/* XXX stat */
501 			return 0;
502 		}
503 		if (scan == ss->ss_ops && ss->ss_ops->scan_end(ss, ic)) {
504 			/* found an ap, just clear the flag */
505 			ic->ic_flags &= ~IEEE80211_F_SCAN;
506 			return 1;
507 		}
508 		/* no ap, clear the flag before starting a scan */
509 		ic->ic_flags &= ~IEEE80211_F_SCAN;
510 	}
511 	return ieee80211_start_scan(ic, flags, duration, nssid, ssids);
512 }
513 
514 /*
515  * Restart a previous scan.  If the previous scan completed
516  * then we start again using the existing channel list.
517  */
518 int
519 ieee80211_bg_scan(struct ieee80211com *ic)
520 {
521 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
522 
523 	IEEE80211_LOCK(ic);
524 	if ((ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_SCAN) == 0) {
525 		u_int duration;
526 		/*
527 		 * Go off-channel for a fixed interval that is large
528 		 * enough to catch most ap's but short enough that
529 		 * we can return on-channel before our listen interval
530 		 * expires.
531 		 */
532 		duration = IEEE80211_SCAN_OFFCHANNEL;
533 
534 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
535 		    "%s: %s scan, ticks %u duration %lu\n", __func__,
536 		    ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE ? "active" : "passive",
537 		    ticks, duration);
538 
539 		if (ss->ss_ops != NULL) {
540 			ss->ss_ic = ic;
541 			/*
542 			 * A background scan does not select a new sta; it
543 			 * just refreshes the scan cache.  Also, indicate
544 			 * the scan logic should follow the beacon schedule:
545 			 * we go off-channel and scan for a while, then
546 			 * return to the bss channel to receive a beacon,
547 			 * then go off-channel again.  All during this time
548 			 * we notify the ap we're in power save mode.  When
549 			 * the scan is complete we leave power save mode.
550 			 * If any beacon indicates there are frames pending
551 			 * for us then we drop out of power save mode
552 			 * (and background scan) automatically by way of the
553 			 * usual sta power save logic.
554 			 */
555 			ss->ss_flags |= IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK
556 				     |  IEEE80211_SCAN_BGSCAN;
557 			/* if previous scan completed, restart */
558 			if (ss->ss_next >= ss->ss_last) {
559 				ss->ss_next = 0;
560 				if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE)
561 					ic->ic_stats.is_scan_active++;
562 				else
563 					ic->ic_stats.is_scan_passive++;
564 				ss->ss_ops->scan_restart(ss, ic);
565 			}
566 			/* NB: flush frames rx'd before 1st channel change */
567 			SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags |= ISCAN_DISCARD;
568 			ss->ss_maxdwell = duration;
569 			if (scan_restart(SCAN_PRIVATE(ss), duration)) {
570 				ic->ic_flags |= IEEE80211_F_SCAN;
571 				ic->ic_flags_ext |= IEEE80211_FEXT_BGSCAN;
572 			}
573 		} else {
574 			/* XXX msg+stat */
575 		}
576 	} else {
577 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
578 		    "%s: %s scan already in progress\n", __func__,
579 		    ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE ? "active" : "passive");
580 	}
581 	IEEE80211_UNLOCK(ic);
582 
583 	/* NB: racey, does it matter? */
584 	return (ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_SCAN);
585 }
586 
587 /*
588  * Cancel any scan currently going on.
589  */
590 void
591 ieee80211_cancel_scan(struct ieee80211com *ic)
592 {
593 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
594 
595 	IEEE80211_LOCK(ic);
596 	if ((ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_SCAN) &&
597 	    (SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags & ISCAN_CANCEL) == 0) {
598 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
599 		    "%s: cancel %s scan\n", __func__,
600 		    ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE ?
601 			"active" : "passive");
602 
603 		/* clear bg scan NOPICK and mark cancel request */
604 		ss->ss_flags &= ~IEEE80211_SCAN_NOPICK;
605 		SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags |= ISCAN_CANCEL;
606 		/* force it to fire asap */
607 		callout_reset(&SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_scan_timer,
608 			0, scan_next, ss);
609 	}
610 	IEEE80211_UNLOCK(ic);
611 }
612 
613 /*
614  * Public access to scan_next for drivers that manage
615  * scanning themselves (e.g. for firmware-based devices).
616  */
617 void
618 ieee80211_scan_next(struct ieee80211com *ic)
619 {
620 	/*
621 	 * XXX: We might need/want to decouple context here by either:
622 	 *  callout_reset(&SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_scan_timer, 0, scan_next, ss);
623 	 * or using a taskqueue.  Let's see what kind of problems direct
624 	 * dispatch has for now.
625 	 */
626 	scan_next(ic->ic_scan);
627 }
628 
629 /*
630  * Public access to scan_next for drivers that are not able to scan single
631  * channels (e.g. for firmware-based devices).
632  */
633 void
634 ieee80211_scan_done(struct ieee80211com *ic)
635 {
636 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
637 
638 	ss->ss_next = ss->ss_last; /* all channels are complete */
639 	scan_next(ss);
640 }
641 
642 /*
643  * Scan curchan.  If this is an active scan and the channel
644  * is not marked passive then send probe request frame(s).
645  * Arrange for the channel change after maxdwell ticks.
646  */
647 static void
648 scan_curchan(struct ieee80211com *ic, unsigned long maxdwell)
649 {
650 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
651 
652 	if ((ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE) &&
653 	    (ic->ic_curchan->ic_flags & IEEE80211_CHAN_PASSIVE) == 0) {
654 		struct ifnet *ifp = ic->ic_ifp;
655 		int i;
656 
657 		/*
658 		 * Send a broadcast probe request followed by
659 		 * any specified directed probe requests.
660 		 * XXX suppress broadcast probe req?
661 		 * XXX remove dependence on ic/ic->ic_bss
662 		 * XXX move to policy code?
663 		 */
664 		ieee80211_send_probereq(ic->ic_bss,
665 			ic->ic_myaddr, ifp->if_broadcastaddr,
666 			ifp->if_broadcastaddr,
667 			"", 0,
668 			ic->ic_opt_ie, ic->ic_opt_ie_len);
669 		for (i = 0; i < ss->ss_nssid; i++)
670 			ieee80211_send_probereq(ic->ic_bss,
671 				ic->ic_myaddr, ifp->if_broadcastaddr,
672 				ifp->if_broadcastaddr,
673 				ss->ss_ssid[i].ssid,
674 				ss->ss_ssid[i].len,
675 				ic->ic_opt_ie, ic->ic_opt_ie_len);
676 	}
677 	callout_reset(&SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_scan_timer,
678 		maxdwell, scan_next, ss);
679 }
680 
681 /*
682  * Handle mindwell requirements completed; initiate a channel
683  * change to the next channel asap.
684  */
685 static void
686 scan_mindwell(struct ieee80211com *ic)
687 {
688 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
689 
690 	callout_reset(&SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_scan_timer, 0, scan_next, ss);
691 }
692 
693 /*
694  * Switch to the next channel marked for scanning.
695  */
696 static void
697 scan_next(void *arg)
698 {
699 #define	ISCAN_REP	(ISCAN_MINDWELL | ISCAN_START | ISCAN_DISCARD)
700 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = (struct ieee80211_scan_state *) arg;
701 	struct ieee80211com *ic = ss->ss_ic;
702 	struct ieee80211_channel *chan;
703 	unsigned long maxdwell, scanend;
704 	int scanning, scandone;
705 
706 	IEEE80211_LOCK(ic);
707 	scanning = (ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_SCAN) != 0;
708 	IEEE80211_UNLOCK(ic);
709 	if (!scanning)			/* canceled */
710 		return;
711 
712 again:
713 	scandone = (ss->ss_next >= ss->ss_last) ||
714 		(SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags & ISCAN_CANCEL) != 0;
715 	scanend = SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_scanend;
716 	if (!scandone &&
717 	    (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_GOTPICK) == 0 &&
718 	    ((SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags & ISCAN_START) ||
719 	     time_before(ticks + ss->ss_mindwell, scanend))) {
720 		chan = ss->ss_chans[ss->ss_next++];
721 
722 		/*
723 		 * Watch for truncation due to the scan end time.
724 		 */
725 		if (time_after(ticks + ss->ss_maxdwell, scanend))
726 			maxdwell = scanend - ticks;
727 		else
728 			maxdwell = ss->ss_maxdwell;
729 
730 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
731 		    "%s: chan %3d%c -> %3d%c [%s, dwell min %lu max %lu]\n",
732 		    __func__,
733 		    ieee80211_chan2ieee(ic, ic->ic_curchan),
734 		        channel_type(ic->ic_curchan),
735 		    ieee80211_chan2ieee(ic, chan), channel_type(chan),
736 		    (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE) &&
737 			(chan->ic_flags & IEEE80211_CHAN_PASSIVE) == 0 ?
738 			"active" : "passive",
739 		    ss->ss_mindwell, maxdwell);
740 
741 		/*
742 		 * Potentially change channel and phy mode.
743 		 */
744 		change_channel(ic, chan);
745 
746 		/*
747 		 * Scan curchan.  Drivers for "intelligent hardware"
748 		 * override ic_scan_curchan to tell the device to do
749 		 * the work.  Otherwise we manage the work outselves;
750 		 * sending a probe request (as needed), and arming the
751 		 * timeout to switch channels after maxdwell ticks.
752 		 */
753 		ic->ic_scan_curchan(ic, maxdwell);
754 
755 		SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_chanmindwell = ticks + ss->ss_mindwell;
756 		/* clear mindwell lock and initial channel change flush */
757 		SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags &= ~ISCAN_REP;
758 	} else {
759 		ic->ic_scan_end(ic);		/* notify driver */
760 		/*
761 		 * Record scan complete time.  Note that we also do
762 		 * this when canceled so any background scan will
763 		 * not be restarted for a while.
764 		 */
765 		if (scandone)
766 			ic->ic_lastscan = ticks;
767 		/* return to the bss channel */
768 		if (ic->ic_bsschan != IEEE80211_CHAN_ANYC &&
769 		    ic->ic_curchan != ic->ic_bsschan)
770 			change_channel(ic, ic->ic_bsschan);
771 		/* clear internal flags and any indication of a pick */
772 		SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags &= ~ISCAN_REP;
773 		ss->ss_flags &= ~IEEE80211_SCAN_GOTPICK;
774 
775 		/*
776 		 * If not canceled and scan completed, do post-processing.
777 		 * If the callback function returns 0, then it wants to
778 		 * continue/restart scanning.  Unfortunately we needed to
779 		 * notify the driver to end the scan above to avoid having
780 		 * rx frames alter the scan candidate list.
781 		 */
782 		if ((SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags & ISCAN_CANCEL) == 0 &&
783 		    !ss->ss_ops->scan_end(ss, ic) &&
784 		    (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ONCE) == 0 &&
785 		    time_before(ticks + ss->ss_mindwell, scanend)) {
786 			IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
787 			    "%s: done, restart "
788 			    "[ticks %u, dwell min %lu scanend %lu]\n",
789 			    __func__,
790 			    ticks, ss->ss_mindwell, scanend);
791 			ss->ss_next = 0;	/* reset to begining */
792 			if (ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_ACTIVE)
793 				ic->ic_stats.is_scan_active++;
794 			else
795 				ic->ic_stats.is_scan_passive++;
796 
797 			ic->ic_scan_start(ic);	/* notify driver */
798 			goto again;
799 		} else {
800 			/* past here, scandone is ``true'' if not in bg mode */
801 			if ((ss->ss_flags & IEEE80211_SCAN_BGSCAN) == 0)
802 				scandone = 1;
803 
804 			IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
805 			    "%s: %s, "
806 			    "[ticks %u, dwell min %lu scanend %lu]\n",
807 			    __func__, scandone ? "done" : "stopped",
808 			    ticks, ss->ss_mindwell, scanend);
809 
810 			/*
811 			 * Clear the SCAN bit first in case frames are
812 			 * pending on the station power save queue.  If
813 			 * we defer this then the dispatch of the frames
814 			 * may generate a request to cancel scanning.
815 			 */
816 			ic->ic_flags &= ~IEEE80211_F_SCAN;
817 			/*
818 			 * Drop out of power save mode when a scan has
819 			 * completed.  If this scan was prematurely terminated
820 			 * because it is a background scan then don't notify
821 			 * the ap; we'll either return to scanning after we
822 			 * receive the beacon frame or we'll drop out of power
823 			 * save mode because the beacon indicates we have frames
824 			 * waiting for us.
825 			 */
826 			if (scandone) {
827 				ieee80211_sta_pwrsave(ic, 0);
828 				if (ss->ss_next >= ss->ss_last) {
829 					ieee80211_notify_scan_done(ic);
830 					ic->ic_flags_ext &= ~IEEE80211_FEXT_BGSCAN;
831 				}
832 			}
833 			SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags &= ~ISCAN_CANCEL;
834 			ss->ss_flags &=
835 			    ~(IEEE80211_SCAN_ONCE | IEEE80211_SCAN_PICK1ST);
836 		}
837 	}
838 #undef ISCAN_REP
839 }
840 
841 #ifdef IEEE80211_DEBUG
842 static void
843 dump_probe_beacon(uint8_t subtype, int isnew,
844 	const uint8_t mac[IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN],
845 	const struct ieee80211_scanparams *sp)
846 {
847 
848 	printf("[%s] %s%s on chan %u (bss chan %u) ",
849 	    ether_sprintf(mac), isnew ? "new " : "",
850 	    ieee80211_mgt_subtype_name[subtype >> IEEE80211_FC0_SUBTYPE_SHIFT],
851 	    IEEE80211_CHAN2IEEE(sp->curchan), sp->bchan);
852 	ieee80211_print_essid(sp->ssid + 2, sp->ssid[1]);
853 	printf("\n");
854 
855 	if (isnew) {
856 		printf("[%s] caps 0x%x bintval %u erp 0x%x",
857 			ether_sprintf(mac), sp->capinfo, sp->bintval, sp->erp);
858 		if (sp->country != NULL) {
859 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
860 			printf(" country info %*D",
861 				sp->country[1], sp->country+2, " ");
862 #else
863 			int i;
864 			printf(" country info");
865 			for (i = 0; i < sp->country[1]; i++)
866 				printf(" %02x", sp->country[i+2]);
867 #endif
868 		}
869 		printf("\n");
870 	}
871 }
872 #endif /* IEEE80211_DEBUG */
873 
874 /*
875  * Process a beacon or probe response frame.
876  */
877 void
878 ieee80211_add_scan(struct ieee80211com *ic,
879 	const struct ieee80211_scanparams *sp,
880 	const struct ieee80211_frame *wh,
881 	int subtype, int rssi, int noise, int rstamp)
882 {
883 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
884 
885 	/*
886 	 * Frames received during startup are discarded to avoid
887 	 * using scan state setup on the initial entry to the timer
888 	 * callback.  This can occur because the device may enable
889 	 * rx prior to our doing the initial channel change in the
890 	 * timer routine (we defer the channel change to the timer
891 	 * code to simplify locking on linux).
892 	 */
893 	if (SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags & ISCAN_DISCARD)
894 		return;
895 #ifdef IEEE80211_DEBUG
896 	if (ieee80211_msg_scan(ic) && (ic->ic_flags & IEEE80211_F_SCAN))
897 		dump_probe_beacon(subtype, 1, wh->i_addr2, sp);
898 #endif
899 	if (ss->ss_ops != NULL &&
900 	    ss->ss_ops->scan_add(ss, sp, wh, subtype, rssi, noise, rstamp)) {
901 		/*
902 		 * If we've reached the min dwell time terminate
903 		 * the timer so we'll switch to the next channel.
904 		 */
905 		if ((SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags & ISCAN_MINDWELL) == 0 &&
906 		    time_after_eq(ticks, SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_chanmindwell)) {
907 			IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
908 			    "%s: chan %3d%c min dwell met (%u > %lu)\n",
909 			    __func__,
910 			    ieee80211_chan2ieee(ic, ic->ic_curchan),
911 				channel_type(ic->ic_curchan),
912 			    ticks, SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_chanmindwell);
913 			SCAN_PRIVATE(ss)->ss_iflags |= ISCAN_MINDWELL;
914 			/*
915 			 * NB: trigger at next clock tick or wait for the
916 			 * hardware
917 			 */
918 			ic->ic_scan_mindwell(ic);
919 		}
920 	}
921 }
922 
923 /*
924  * Timeout/age scan cache entries; called from sta timeout
925  * timer (XXX should be self-contained).
926  */
927 void
928 ieee80211_scan_timeout(struct ieee80211com *ic)
929 {
930 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
931 
932 	if (ss->ss_ops != NULL)
933 		ss->ss_ops->scan_age(ss);
934 }
935 
936 /*
937  * Mark a scan cache entry after a successful associate.
938  */
939 void
940 ieee80211_scan_assoc_success(struct ieee80211com *ic, const uint8_t mac[])
941 {
942 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
943 
944 	if (ss->ss_ops != NULL) {
945 		IEEE80211_NOTE_MAC(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
946 			mac, "%s",  __func__);
947 		ss->ss_ops->scan_assoc_success(ss, mac);
948 	}
949 }
950 
951 /*
952  * Demerit a scan cache entry after failing to associate.
953  */
954 void
955 ieee80211_scan_assoc_fail(struct ieee80211com *ic,
956 	const uint8_t mac[], int reason)
957 {
958 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
959 
960 	if (ss->ss_ops != NULL) {
961 		IEEE80211_NOTE_MAC(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN, mac,
962 			"%s: reason %u", __func__, reason);
963 		ss->ss_ops->scan_assoc_fail(ss, mac, reason);
964 	}
965 }
966 
967 /*
968  * Iterate over the contents of the scan cache.
969  */
970 void
971 ieee80211_scan_iterate(struct ieee80211com *ic,
972 	ieee80211_scan_iter_func *f, void *arg)
973 {
974 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
975 
976 	if (ss->ss_ops != NULL)
977 		ss->ss_ops->scan_iterate(ss, f, arg);
978 }
979 
980 /*
981  * Flush the contents of the scan cache.
982  */
983 void
984 ieee80211_scan_flush(struct ieee80211com *ic)
985 {
986 	struct ieee80211_scan_state *ss = ic->ic_scan;
987 
988 	if (ss->ss_ops != NULL) {
989 		IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_SCAN,
990 			"%s\n",  __func__);
991 		ss->ss_ops->scan_flush(ss);
992 	}
993 }
994