1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 2001 Atsushi Onoe 3 * Copyright (c) 2002-2005 Sam Leffler, Errno Consulting 4 * All rights reserved. 5 * 6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8 * are met: 9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14 * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 15 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission. 16 * 17 * Alternatively, this software may be distributed under the terms of the 18 * GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 as published by the Free 19 * Software Foundation. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 23 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 24 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 25 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 26 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 27 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 28 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 29 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 30 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 31 */ 32 33 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 34 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 35 36 /* 37 * IEEE 802.11 generic crypto support. 38 */ 39 #include <sys/param.h> 40 #include <sys/mbuf.h> 41 42 #include <sys/socket.h> 43 44 #include <net/if.h> 45 #include <net/if_media.h> 46 #include <net/ethernet.h> /* XXX ETHER_HDR_LEN */ 47 48 #include <net80211/ieee80211_var.h> 49 50 /* 51 * Table of registered cipher modules. 52 */ 53 static const struct ieee80211_cipher *ciphers[IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX]; 54 55 static int _ieee80211_crypto_delkey(struct ieee80211com *, 56 struct ieee80211_key *); 57 58 /* 59 * Default "null" key management routines. 60 */ 61 static int 62 null_key_alloc(struct ieee80211com *ic, const struct ieee80211_key *k, 63 ieee80211_keyix *keyix, ieee80211_keyix *rxkeyix) 64 { 65 if (!(&ic->ic_nw_keys[0] <= k && 66 k < &ic->ic_nw_keys[IEEE80211_WEP_NKID])) { 67 /* 68 * Not in the global key table, the driver should handle this 69 * by allocating a slot in the h/w key table/cache. In 70 * lieu of that return key slot 0 for any unicast key 71 * request. We disallow the request if this is a group key. 72 * This default policy does the right thing for legacy hardware 73 * with a 4 key table. It also handles devices that pass 74 * packets through untouched when marked with the WEP bit 75 * and key index 0. 76 */ 77 if (k->wk_flags & IEEE80211_KEY_GROUP) 78 return 0; 79 *keyix = 0; /* NB: use key index 0 for ucast key */ 80 } else { 81 *keyix = k - ic->ic_nw_keys; 82 } 83 *rxkeyix = IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE; /* XXX maybe *keyix? */ 84 return 1; 85 } 86 static int 87 null_key_delete(struct ieee80211com *ic, const struct ieee80211_key *k) 88 { 89 return 1; 90 } 91 static int 92 null_key_set(struct ieee80211com *ic, const struct ieee80211_key *k, 93 const u_int8_t mac[IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN]) 94 { 95 return 1; 96 } 97 static void null_key_update(struct ieee80211com *ic) {} 98 99 /* 100 * Write-arounds for common operations. 101 */ 102 static __inline void 103 cipher_detach(struct ieee80211_key *key) 104 { 105 key->wk_cipher->ic_detach(key); 106 } 107 108 static __inline void * 109 cipher_attach(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_key *key) 110 { 111 return key->wk_cipher->ic_attach(ic, key); 112 } 113 114 /* 115 * Wrappers for driver key management methods. 116 */ 117 static __inline int 118 dev_key_alloc(struct ieee80211com *ic, 119 const struct ieee80211_key *key, 120 ieee80211_keyix *keyix, ieee80211_keyix *rxkeyix) 121 { 122 return ic->ic_crypto.cs_key_alloc(ic, key, keyix, rxkeyix); 123 } 124 125 static __inline int 126 dev_key_delete(struct ieee80211com *ic, 127 const struct ieee80211_key *key) 128 { 129 return ic->ic_crypto.cs_key_delete(ic, key); 130 } 131 132 static __inline int 133 dev_key_set(struct ieee80211com *ic, const struct ieee80211_key *key, 134 const u_int8_t mac[IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN]) 135 { 136 return ic->ic_crypto.cs_key_set(ic, key, mac); 137 } 138 139 /* 140 * Setup crypto support. 141 */ 142 void 143 ieee80211_crypto_attach(struct ieee80211com *ic) 144 { 145 struct ieee80211_crypto_state *cs = &ic->ic_crypto; 146 int i; 147 148 /* NB: we assume everything is pre-zero'd */ 149 cs->cs_def_txkey = IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE; 150 cs->cs_max_keyix = IEEE80211_WEP_NKID; 151 ciphers[IEEE80211_CIPHER_NONE] = &ieee80211_cipher_none; 152 for (i = 0; i < IEEE80211_WEP_NKID; i++) 153 ieee80211_crypto_resetkey(ic, &cs->cs_nw_keys[i], 154 IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE); 155 /* 156 * Initialize the driver key support routines to noop entries. 157 * This is useful especially for the cipher test modules. 158 */ 159 cs->cs_key_alloc = null_key_alloc; 160 cs->cs_key_set = null_key_set; 161 cs->cs_key_delete = null_key_delete; 162 cs->cs_key_update_begin = null_key_update; 163 cs->cs_key_update_end = null_key_update; 164 } 165 166 /* 167 * Teardown crypto support. 168 */ 169 void 170 ieee80211_crypto_detach(struct ieee80211com *ic) 171 { 172 ieee80211_crypto_delglobalkeys(ic); 173 } 174 175 /* 176 * Register a crypto cipher module. 177 */ 178 void 179 ieee80211_crypto_register(const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip) 180 { 181 if (cip->ic_cipher >= IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX) { 182 printf("%s: cipher %s has an invalid cipher index %u\n", 183 __func__, cip->ic_name, cip->ic_cipher); 184 return; 185 } 186 if (ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] != NULL && ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] != cip) { 187 printf("%s: cipher %s registered with a different template\n", 188 __func__, cip->ic_name); 189 return; 190 } 191 ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] = cip; 192 } 193 194 /* 195 * Unregister a crypto cipher module. 196 */ 197 void 198 ieee80211_crypto_unregister(const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip) 199 { 200 if (cip->ic_cipher >= IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX) { 201 printf("%s: cipher %s has an invalid cipher index %u\n", 202 __func__, cip->ic_name, cip->ic_cipher); 203 return; 204 } 205 if (ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] != NULL && ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] != cip) { 206 printf("%s: cipher %s registered with a different template\n", 207 __func__, cip->ic_name); 208 return; 209 } 210 /* NB: don't complain about not being registered */ 211 /* XXX disallow if references */ 212 ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] = NULL; 213 } 214 215 int 216 ieee80211_crypto_available(u_int cipher) 217 { 218 return cipher < IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX && ciphers[cipher] != NULL; 219 } 220 221 /* XXX well-known names! */ 222 static const char *cipher_modnames[] = { 223 "wlan_wep", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP */ 224 "wlan_tkip", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP */ 225 "wlan_aes_ocb", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_AES_OCB */ 226 "wlan_ccmp", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_AES_CCM */ 227 "wlan_ckip", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_CKIP */ 228 }; 229 230 /* 231 * Establish a relationship between the specified key and cipher 232 * and, if necessary, allocate a hardware index from the driver. 233 * Note that when a fixed key index is required it must be specified 234 * and we blindly assign it w/o consulting the driver (XXX). 235 * 236 * This must be the first call applied to a key; all the other key 237 * routines assume wk_cipher is setup. 238 * 239 * Locking must be handled by the caller using: 240 * ieee80211_key_update_begin(ic); 241 * ieee80211_key_update_end(ic); 242 */ 243 int 244 ieee80211_crypto_newkey(struct ieee80211com *ic, 245 int cipher, int flags, struct ieee80211_key *key) 246 { 247 #define N(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0])) 248 const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip; 249 ieee80211_keyix keyix, rxkeyix; 250 void *keyctx; 251 int oflags; 252 253 /* 254 * Validate cipher and set reference to cipher routines. 255 */ 256 if (cipher >= IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX) { 257 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 258 "%s: invalid cipher %u\n", __func__, cipher); 259 ic->ic_stats.is_crypto_badcipher++; 260 return 0; 261 } 262 cip = ciphers[cipher]; 263 if (cip == NULL) { 264 /* 265 * Auto-load cipher module if we have a well-known name 266 * for it. It might be better to use string names rather 267 * than numbers and craft a module name based on the cipher 268 * name; e.g. wlan_cipher_<cipher-name>. 269 */ 270 if (cipher < N(cipher_modnames)) { 271 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 272 "%s: unregistered cipher %u, load module %s\n", 273 __func__, cipher, cipher_modnames[cipher]); 274 ieee80211_load_module(cipher_modnames[cipher]); 275 /* 276 * If cipher module loaded it should immediately 277 * call ieee80211_crypto_register which will fill 278 * in the entry in the ciphers array. 279 */ 280 cip = ciphers[cipher]; 281 } 282 if (cip == NULL) { 283 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 284 "%s: unable to load cipher %u, module %s\n", 285 __func__, cipher, 286 cipher < N(cipher_modnames) ? 287 cipher_modnames[cipher] : "<unknown>"); 288 ic->ic_stats.is_crypto_nocipher++; 289 return 0; 290 } 291 } 292 293 oflags = key->wk_flags; 294 flags &= IEEE80211_KEY_COMMON; 295 /* 296 * If the hardware does not support the cipher then 297 * fallback to a host-based implementation. 298 */ 299 if ((ic->ic_caps & (1<<cipher)) == 0) { 300 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 301 "%s: no h/w support for cipher %s, falling back to s/w\n", 302 __func__, cip->ic_name); 303 flags |= IEEE80211_KEY_SWCRYPT; 304 } 305 /* 306 * Hardware TKIP with software MIC is an important 307 * combination; we handle it by flagging each key, 308 * the cipher modules honor it. 309 */ 310 if (cipher == IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP && 311 (ic->ic_caps & IEEE80211_C_TKIPMIC) == 0) { 312 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 313 "%s: no h/w support for TKIP MIC, falling back to s/w\n", 314 __func__); 315 flags |= IEEE80211_KEY_SWMIC; 316 } 317 318 /* 319 * Bind cipher to key instance. Note we do this 320 * after checking the device capabilities so the 321 * cipher module can optimize space usage based on 322 * whether or not it needs to do the cipher work. 323 */ 324 if (key->wk_cipher != cip || key->wk_flags != flags) { 325 again: 326 /* 327 * Fillin the flags so cipher modules can see s/w 328 * crypto requirements and potentially allocate 329 * different state and/or attach different method 330 * pointers. 331 * 332 * XXX this is not right when s/w crypto fallback 333 * fails and we try to restore previous state. 334 */ 335 key->wk_flags = flags; 336 keyctx = cip->ic_attach(ic, key); 337 if (keyctx == NULL) { 338 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 339 "%s: unable to attach cipher %s\n", 340 __func__, cip->ic_name); 341 key->wk_flags = oflags; /* restore old flags */ 342 ic->ic_stats.is_crypto_attachfail++; 343 return 0; 344 } 345 cipher_detach(key); 346 key->wk_cipher = cip; /* XXX refcnt? */ 347 key->wk_private = keyctx; 348 } 349 /* 350 * Commit to requested usage so driver can see the flags. 351 */ 352 key->wk_flags = flags; 353 354 /* 355 * Ask the driver for a key index if we don't have one. 356 * Note that entries in the global key table always have 357 * an index; this means it's safe to call this routine 358 * for these entries just to setup the reference to the 359 * cipher template. Note also that when using software 360 * crypto we also call the driver to give us a key index. 361 */ 362 if (key->wk_keyix == IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE) { 363 if (!dev_key_alloc(ic, key, &keyix, &rxkeyix)) { 364 /* 365 * Driver has no room; fallback to doing crypto 366 * in the host. We change the flags and start the 367 * procedure over. If we get back here then there's 368 * no hope and we bail. Note that this can leave 369 * the key in a inconsistent state if the caller 370 * continues to use it. 371 */ 372 if ((key->wk_flags & IEEE80211_KEY_SWCRYPT) == 0) { 373 ic->ic_stats.is_crypto_swfallback++; 374 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 375 "%s: no h/w resources for cipher %s, " 376 "falling back to s/w\n", __func__, 377 cip->ic_name); 378 oflags = key->wk_flags; 379 flags |= IEEE80211_KEY_SWCRYPT; 380 if (cipher == IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP) 381 flags |= IEEE80211_KEY_SWMIC; 382 goto again; 383 } 384 ic->ic_stats.is_crypto_keyfail++; 385 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 386 "%s: unable to setup cipher %s\n", 387 __func__, cip->ic_name); 388 return 0; 389 } 390 key->wk_keyix = keyix; 391 key->wk_rxkeyix = rxkeyix; 392 } 393 return 1; 394 #undef N 395 } 396 397 /* 398 * Remove the key (no locking, for internal use). 399 */ 400 static int 401 _ieee80211_crypto_delkey(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_key *key) 402 { 403 ieee80211_keyix keyix; 404 405 KASSERT(key->wk_cipher != NULL, ("No cipher!")); 406 407 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 408 "%s: %s keyix %u flags 0x%x rsc %ju tsc %ju len %u\n", 409 __func__, key->wk_cipher->ic_name, 410 key->wk_keyix, key->wk_flags, 411 key->wk_keyrsc, key->wk_keytsc, key->wk_keylen); 412 413 keyix = key->wk_keyix; 414 if (keyix != IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE) { 415 /* 416 * Remove hardware entry. 417 */ 418 /* XXX key cache */ 419 if (!dev_key_delete(ic, key)) { 420 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 421 "%s: driver did not delete key index %u\n", 422 __func__, keyix); 423 ic->ic_stats.is_crypto_delkey++; 424 /* XXX recovery? */ 425 } 426 } 427 cipher_detach(key); 428 memset(key, 0, sizeof(*key)); 429 ieee80211_crypto_resetkey(ic, key, IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE); 430 return 1; 431 } 432 433 /* 434 * Remove the specified key. 435 */ 436 int 437 ieee80211_crypto_delkey(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_key *key) 438 { 439 int status; 440 441 ieee80211_key_update_begin(ic); 442 status = _ieee80211_crypto_delkey(ic, key); 443 ieee80211_key_update_end(ic); 444 return status; 445 } 446 447 /* 448 * Clear the global key table. 449 */ 450 void 451 ieee80211_crypto_delglobalkeys(struct ieee80211com *ic) 452 { 453 int i; 454 455 ieee80211_key_update_begin(ic); 456 for (i = 0; i < IEEE80211_WEP_NKID; i++) 457 (void) _ieee80211_crypto_delkey(ic, &ic->ic_nw_keys[i]); 458 ieee80211_key_update_end(ic); 459 } 460 461 /* 462 * Set the contents of the specified key. 463 * 464 * Locking must be handled by the caller using: 465 * ieee80211_key_update_begin(ic); 466 * ieee80211_key_update_end(ic); 467 */ 468 int 469 ieee80211_crypto_setkey(struct ieee80211com *ic, struct ieee80211_key *key, 470 const u_int8_t macaddr[IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN]) 471 { 472 const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip = key->wk_cipher; 473 474 KASSERT(cip != NULL, ("No cipher!")); 475 476 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 477 "%s: %s keyix %u flags 0x%x mac %s rsc %ju tsc %ju len %u\n", 478 __func__, cip->ic_name, key->wk_keyix, 479 key->wk_flags, ether_sprintf(macaddr), 480 key->wk_keyrsc, key->wk_keytsc, key->wk_keylen); 481 482 /* 483 * Give cipher a chance to validate key contents. 484 * XXX should happen before modifying state. 485 */ 486 if (!cip->ic_setkey(key)) { 487 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 488 "%s: cipher %s rejected key index %u len %u flags 0x%x\n", 489 __func__, cip->ic_name, key->wk_keyix, 490 key->wk_keylen, key->wk_flags); 491 ic->ic_stats.is_crypto_setkey_cipher++; 492 return 0; 493 } 494 if (key->wk_keyix == IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE) { 495 /* XXX nothing allocated, should not happen */ 496 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 497 "%s: no key index; should not happen!\n", __func__); 498 ic->ic_stats.is_crypto_setkey_nokey++; 499 return 0; 500 } 501 return dev_key_set(ic, key, macaddr); 502 } 503 504 /* 505 * Add privacy headers appropriate for the specified key. 506 */ 507 struct ieee80211_key * 508 ieee80211_crypto_encap(struct ieee80211com *ic, 509 struct ieee80211_node *ni, struct mbuf *m) 510 { 511 struct ieee80211_key *k; 512 struct ieee80211_frame *wh; 513 const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip; 514 u_int8_t keyid; 515 516 /* 517 * Multicast traffic always uses the multicast key. 518 * Otherwise if a unicast key is set we use that and 519 * it is always key index 0. When no unicast key is 520 * set we fall back to the default transmit key. 521 */ 522 wh = mtod(m, struct ieee80211_frame *); 523 if (IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) || 524 ni->ni_ucastkey.wk_cipher == &ieee80211_cipher_none) { 525 if (ic->ic_def_txkey == IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE) { 526 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 527 "[%s] no default transmit key (%s) deftxkey %u\n", 528 ether_sprintf(wh->i_addr1), __func__, 529 ic->ic_def_txkey); 530 ic->ic_stats.is_tx_nodefkey++; 531 return NULL; 532 } 533 keyid = ic->ic_def_txkey; 534 k = &ic->ic_nw_keys[ic->ic_def_txkey]; 535 } else { 536 keyid = 0; 537 k = &ni->ni_ucastkey; 538 } 539 cip = k->wk_cipher; 540 return (cip->ic_encap(k, m, keyid<<6) ? k : NULL); 541 } 542 543 /* 544 * Validate and strip privacy headers (and trailer) for a 545 * received frame that has the WEP/Privacy bit set. 546 */ 547 struct ieee80211_key * 548 ieee80211_crypto_decap(struct ieee80211com *ic, 549 struct ieee80211_node *ni, struct mbuf *m, int hdrlen) 550 { 551 #define IEEE80211_WEP_HDRLEN (IEEE80211_WEP_IVLEN + IEEE80211_WEP_KIDLEN) 552 #define IEEE80211_WEP_MINLEN \ 553 (sizeof(struct ieee80211_frame) + \ 554 IEEE80211_WEP_HDRLEN + IEEE80211_WEP_CRCLEN) 555 struct ieee80211_key *k; 556 struct ieee80211_frame *wh; 557 const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip; 558 const u_int8_t *ivp; 559 u_int8_t keyid; 560 561 /* NB: this minimum size data frame could be bigger */ 562 if (m->m_pkthdr.len < IEEE80211_WEP_MINLEN) { 563 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_ANY, 564 "%s: WEP data frame too short, len %u\n", 565 __func__, m->m_pkthdr.len); 566 ic->ic_stats.is_rx_tooshort++; /* XXX need unique stat? */ 567 return NULL; 568 } 569 570 /* 571 * Locate the key. If unicast and there is no unicast 572 * key then we fall back to the key id in the header. 573 * This assumes unicast keys are only configured when 574 * the key id in the header is meaningless (typically 0). 575 */ 576 wh = mtod(m, struct ieee80211_frame *); 577 ivp = mtod(m, const u_int8_t *) + hdrlen; /* XXX contig */ 578 keyid = ivp[IEEE80211_WEP_IVLEN]; 579 if (IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) || 580 ni->ni_ucastkey.wk_cipher == &ieee80211_cipher_none) 581 k = &ic->ic_nw_keys[keyid >> 6]; 582 else 583 k = &ni->ni_ucastkey; 584 585 /* 586 * Insure crypto header is contiguous for all decap work. 587 */ 588 cip = k->wk_cipher; 589 if (m->m_len < hdrlen + cip->ic_header && 590 (m = m_pullup(m, hdrlen + cip->ic_header)) == NULL) { 591 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(ic, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, 592 "[%s] unable to pullup %s header\n", 593 ether_sprintf(wh->i_addr2), cip->ic_name); 594 ic->ic_stats.is_rx_wepfail++; /* XXX */ 595 return 0; 596 } 597 598 return (cip->ic_decap(k, m, hdrlen) ? k : NULL); 599 #undef IEEE80211_WEP_MINLEN 600 #undef IEEE80211_WEP_HDRLEN 601 } 602