xref: /freebsd/sys/net/netmap.h (revision 9a14aa017b21c292740c00ee098195cd46642730)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2011 Matteo Landi, Luigi Rizzo. All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
6  * met:
7  *
8  *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  *
11  *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *      documentation and/or other materials provided with the
14  *      distribution.
15  *
16  *   3. Neither the name of the authors nor the names of their contributors
17  *      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
18  *      software without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY MATTEO LANDI AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL MATTEO LANDI OR CONTRIBUTORS
24  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
25  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
26  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
27  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
28  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
29  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
30  * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 /*
34  * $FreeBSD$
35  * $Id: netmap.h 9753 2011-11-28 15:10:43Z luigi $
36  *
37  * This header contains the definitions of the constants and the
38  * structures needed by the ``netmap'' module, both kernel and
39  * userspace.
40  */
41 
42 #ifndef _NET_NETMAP_H_
43 #define _NET_NETMAP_H_
44 
45 /*
46  * --- Netmap data structures ---
47  *
48  * The data structures used by netmap are shown below. Those in
49  * capital letters are in an mmapp()ed area shared with userspace,
50  * while others are private to the kernel.
51  * Shared structures do not contain pointers but only relative
52  * offsets, so that addressing is portable between kernel and userspace.
53  *
54  * The 'softc' of each interface is extended with a struct netmap_adapter
55  * containing information to support netmap operation. In addition to
56  * the fixed fields, it has two pointers to reach the arrays of
57  * 'struct netmap_kring' which in turn reaches the various
58  * struct netmap_ring, shared with userspace.
59 
60 
61  softc
62 +----------------+
63 | standard fields|
64 | if_pspare[0] ----------+
65 +----------------+       |
66                          |
67 +----------------+<------+
68 |(netmap_adapter)|
69 |                |                             netmap_kring
70 | tx_rings *--------------------------------->+-------------+
71 |                |       netmap_kring         | ring *---------> ...
72 | rx_rings *---------->+--------------+       | nr_hwcur    |
73 +----------------+     | ring    *-------+    | nr_hwavail  |
74                        | nr_hwcur     |  |    | selinfo     |
75                        | nr_hwavail   |  |    +-------------+
76                        | selinfo      |  |    |     ...     |
77                        +--------------+  |  (na_num_rings+1 entries)
78                        |    ....      |  |    |             |
79                     (na_num_rings+1 entries)  +-------------+
80                        |              |  |
81                        +--------------+  |
82                                          |      NETMAP_RING
83                                          +---->+-------------+
84                                              / | cur         |
85    NETMAP_IF  (nifp, one per file desc.)    /  | avail       |
86     +---------------+                      /   | buf_ofs     |
87     | ni_num_queues |                     /    +=============+
88     |               |                    /     | buf_idx     | slot[0]
89     |               |                   /      | len, flags  |
90     |               |                  /       +-------------+
91     +===============+                 /        | buf_idx     | slot[1]
92     | txring_ofs[0] | (rel.to nifp)--'         | len, flags  |
93     | txring_ofs[1] |                          +-------------+
94   (num_rings+1 entries)                     (nr_num_slots entries)
95     | txring_ofs[n] |                          | buf_idx     | slot[n-1]
96     +---------------+                          | len, flags  |
97     | rxring_ofs[0] |                          +-------------+
98     | rxring_ofs[1] |
99   (num_rings+1 entries)
100     | txring_ofs[n] |
101     +---------------+
102 
103  * The NETMAP_RING is the shadow ring that mirrors the NIC rings.
104  * Each slot has the index of a buffer, its length and some flags.
105  * In user space, the buffer address is computed as
106  *	(char *)ring + buf_ofs + index*MAX_BUF_SIZE
107  * In the kernel, buffers do not necessarily need to be contiguous,
108  * and the virtual and physical addresses are derived through
109  * a lookup table. When userspace wants to use a different buffer
110  * in a location, it must set the NS_BUF_CHANGED flag to make
111  * sure that the kernel recomputes updates the hardware ring and
112  * other fields (bus_dmamap, etc.) as needed.
113  *
114  * Normally the driver is not requested to report the result of
115  * transmissions (this can dramatically speed up operation).
116  * However the user may request to report completion by setting
117  * NS_REPORT.
118  */
119 struct netmap_slot {
120 	uint32_t buf_idx; /* buffer index */
121 	uint16_t len;	/* packet length, to be copied to/from the hw ring */
122 	uint16_t flags;	/* buf changed, etc. */
123 #define	NS_BUF_CHANGED	0x0001	/* must resync the map, buffer changed */
124 #define	NS_REPORT	0x0002	/* ask the hardware to report results
125 				 * e.g. by generating an interrupt
126 				 */
127 };
128 
129 /*
130  * Netmap representation of a TX or RX ring (also known as "queue").
131  * This is a queue implemented as a fixed-size circular array.
132  * At the software level, two fields are important: avail and cur.
133  *
134  * In TX rings:
135  *	avail	indicates the number of slots available for transmission.
136  *		It is decremented by the application when it appends a
137  *		packet, and set to nr_hwavail (see below) on a
138  *		NIOCTXSYNC to reflect the actual state of the queue
139  *		(keeping track of completed transmissions).
140  *	cur	indicates the empty slot to use for the next packet
141  *		to send (i.e. the "tail" of the queue).
142  *		It is incremented by the application.
143  *
144  *   The kernel side of netmap uses two additional fields in its own
145  *   private ring structure, netmap_kring:
146  *	nr_hwcur is a copy of nr_cur on an NIOCTXSYNC.
147  *	nr_hwavail is the number of slots known as available by the
148  *		hardware. It is updated on an INTR (inc by the
149  *		number of packets sent) and on a NIOCTXSYNC
150  *		(decrease by nr_cur - nr_hwcur)
151  *		A special case, nr_hwavail is -1 if the transmit
152  *		side is idle (no pending transmits).
153  *
154  * In RX rings:
155  *	avail	is the number of packets available (possibly 0).
156  *		It is decremented by the software when it consumes
157  *		a packet, and set to nr_hwavail on a NIOCRXSYNC
158  *	cur	indicates the first slot that contains a packet
159  *		(the "head" of the queue).
160  *		It is incremented by the software when it consumes
161  *		a packet.
162  *
163  *   The kernel side of netmap uses two additional fields in the kring:
164  *	nr_hwcur is a copy of nr_cur on an NIOCRXSYNC
165  *	nr_hwavail is the number of packets available. It is updated
166  *		on INTR (inc by the number of new packets arrived)
167  *		and on NIOCRXSYNC (decreased by nr_cur - nr_hwcur).
168  *
169  * DATA OWNERSHIP/LOCKING:
170  *	The netmap_ring is owned by the user program and it is only
171  *	accessed or modified in the upper half of the kernel during
172  *	a system call.
173  *
174  *	The netmap_kring is only modified by the upper half of the kernel.
175  */
176 struct netmap_ring {
177 	/*
178 	 * nr_buf_base_ofs is meant to be used through macros.
179 	 * It contains the offset of the buffer region from this
180 	 * descriptor.
181 	 */
182 	const ssize_t	buf_ofs;
183 	const uint32_t	num_slots;	/* number of slots in the ring. */
184 	uint32_t	avail;		/* number of usable slots */
185 	uint32_t	cur;		/* 'current' r/w position */
186 
187 	const uint16_t	nr_buf_size;
188 	uint16_t	flags;
189 #define	NR_TIMESTAMP	0x0002		/* set timestamp on *sync() */
190 
191 	struct timeval	ts;		/* time of last *sync() */
192 
193 	/* the slots follow. This struct has variable size */
194 	struct netmap_slot slot[0]; /* array of slots. */
195 };
196 
197 
198 /*
199  * Netmap representation of an interface and its queue(s).
200  * There is one netmap_if for each file descriptor on which we want
201  * to select/poll.  We assume that on each interface has the same number
202  * of receive and transmit queues.
203  * select/poll operates on one or all pairs depending on the value of
204  * nmr_queueid passed on the ioctl.
205  */
206 struct netmap_if {
207 	char ni_name[IFNAMSIZ]; /* name of the interface. */
208 	const u_int ni_version;	/* API version, currently unused */
209 	const u_int ni_num_queues; /* number of queue pairs (TX/RX). */
210 	const u_int ni_rx_queues;  /* if zero, use ni_num_queues */
211 	/*
212 	 * the following array contains the offset of the
213 	 * each netmap ring from this structure. The first num_queues+1
214 	 * refer to the tx rings, the next n+1 refer to the rx rings.
215 	 * The area is filled up by the kernel on NIOCREG,
216 	 * and then only read by userspace code.
217 	 * entries 0..ni_num_queues-1 indicate the hardware queues,
218 	 * entry ni_num_queues is the queue from/to the stack.
219 	 */
220 	const ssize_t	ring_ofs[0];
221 };
222 
223 #ifndef IFCAP_NETMAP	/* this should go in net/if.h */
224 #define	IFCAP_NETMAP	0x100000
225 #endif
226 
227 #ifndef NIOCREGIF
228 /*
229  * ioctl names and related fields
230  *
231  * NIOCGINFO takes a struct ifreq, the interface name is the input,
232  *	the outputs are number of queues and number of descriptor
233  *	for each queue (useful to set number of threads etc.).
234  *
235  * NIOCREGIF takes an interface name within a struct ifreq,
236  *	and activates netmap mode on the interface (if possible).
237  *
238  * NIOCUNREGIF unregisters the interface associated to the fd.
239  *
240  * NIOCTXSYNC, NIOCRXSYNC synchronize tx or rx queues,
241  *	whose identity is set in NIOCREGIF through nr_ringid
242  */
243 
244 /*
245  * struct nmreq overlays a struct ifreq
246  */
247 struct nmreq {
248 	char		nr_name[IFNAMSIZ];
249 	uint32_t	nr_version;	/* API version (unused) */
250 	uint32_t	nr_offset;	/* nifp offset in the shared region */
251 	uint32_t	nr_memsize;	/* size of the shared region */
252 	uint32_t	nr_numslots;	/* descriptors per queue */
253 	uint16_t	nr_numrings;
254 	uint16_t	nr_ringid;	/* ring(s) we care about */
255 #define NETMAP_HW_RING	0x4000		/* low bits indicate one hw ring */
256 #define NETMAP_SW_RING	0x2000		/* we process the sw ring */
257 #define NETMAP_NO_TX_POLL	0x1000	/* no gratuitous txsync on poll */
258 #define NETMAP_RING_MASK 0xfff		/* the ring number */
259 };
260 
261 /*
262  * default buf size is 2048, but it may make sense to have
263  * it shorter for better cache usage.
264  */
265 
266 #define	NETMAP_BUF_SIZE	(2048)
267 #define NIOCGINFO	_IOWR('i', 145, struct nmreq) /* return IF info */
268 #define NIOCREGIF	_IOWR('i', 146, struct nmreq) /* interface register */
269 #define NIOCUNREGIF	_IO('i', 147) /* interface unregister */
270 #define NIOCTXSYNC	_IO('i', 148) /* sync tx queues */
271 #define NIOCRXSYNC	_IO('i', 149) /* sync rx queues */
272 #endif /* !NIOCREGIF */
273 
274 #endif /* _NET_NETMAP_H_ */
275