xref: /freebsd/sys/net/bpf.h (revision cc68614da8232d8baaca0ae0d0dd8f890f06623e)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from the Stanford/CMU enet packet filter,
8  * (net/enet.c) distributed as part of 4.3BSD, and code contributed
9  * to Berkeley by Steven McCanne and Van Jacobson both of Lawrence
10  * Berkeley Laboratory.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  *      @(#)bpf.h	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/10/93
37  *	@(#)bpf.h	1.34 (LBL)     6/16/96
38  *
39  * $FreeBSD$
40  */
41 
42 #ifndef _NET_BPF_H_
43 #define _NET_BPF_H_
44 
45 #include <sys/_eventhandler.h>
46 #include <sys/ck.h>
47 #include <net/dlt.h>
48 
49 /* BSD style release date */
50 #define	BPF_RELEASE 199606
51 
52 typedef	int32_t	  bpf_int32;
53 typedef	u_int32_t bpf_u_int32;
54 typedef	int64_t	  bpf_int64;
55 typedef	u_int64_t bpf_u_int64;
56 
57 /*
58  * Alignment macros.  BPF_WORDALIGN rounds up to the next
59  * even multiple of BPF_ALIGNMENT.
60  */
61 #define BPF_ALIGNMENT sizeof(long)
62 #define BPF_WORDALIGN(x) (((x)+(BPF_ALIGNMENT-1))&~(BPF_ALIGNMENT-1))
63 
64 #define BPF_MAXINSNS 512
65 #define BPF_MAXBUFSIZE 0x80000
66 #define BPF_MINBUFSIZE 32
67 
68 /*
69  *  Structure for BIOCSETF.
70  */
71 struct bpf_program {
72 	u_int bf_len;
73 	struct bpf_insn *bf_insns;
74 };
75 
76 /*
77  * Struct returned by BIOCGSTATS.
78  */
79 struct bpf_stat {
80 	u_int bs_recv;		/* number of packets received */
81 	u_int bs_drop;		/* number of packets dropped */
82 };
83 
84 /*
85  * Struct return by BIOCVERSION.  This represents the version number of
86  * the filter language described by the instruction encodings below.
87  * bpf understands a program iff kernel_major == filter_major &&
88  * kernel_minor >= filter_minor, that is, if the value returned by the
89  * running kernel has the same major number and a minor number equal
90  * equal to or less than the filter being downloaded.  Otherwise, the
91  * results are undefined, meaning an error may be returned or packets
92  * may be accepted haphazardly.
93  * It has nothing to do with the source code version.
94  */
95 struct bpf_version {
96 	u_short bv_major;
97 	u_short bv_minor;
98 };
99 /* Current version number of filter architecture. */
100 #define BPF_MAJOR_VERSION 1
101 #define BPF_MINOR_VERSION 1
102 
103 /*
104  * Historically, BPF has supported a single buffering model, first using mbuf
105  * clusters in kernel, and later using malloc(9) buffers in kernel.  We now
106  * support multiple buffering modes, which may be queried and set using
107  * BIOCGETBUFMODE and BIOCSETBUFMODE.  So as to avoid handling the complexity
108  * of changing modes while sniffing packets, the mode becomes fixed once an
109  * interface has been attached to the BPF descriptor.
110  */
111 #define	BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER	1	/* Kernel buffers with read(). */
112 #define	BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF	2	/* Zero-copy buffers. */
113 
114 /*-
115  * Struct used by BIOCSETZBUF, BIOCROTZBUF: describes up to two zero-copy
116  * buffer as used by BPF.
117  */
118 struct bpf_zbuf {
119 	void	*bz_bufa;	/* Location of 'a' zero-copy buffer. */
120 	void	*bz_bufb;	/* Location of 'b' zero-copy buffer. */
121 	size_t	 bz_buflen;	/* Size of zero-copy buffers. */
122 };
123 
124 #define	BIOCGBLEN	_IOR('B', 102, u_int)
125 #define	BIOCSBLEN	_IOWR('B', 102, u_int)
126 #define	BIOCSETF	_IOW('B', 103, struct bpf_program)
127 #define	BIOCFLUSH	_IO('B', 104)
128 #define	BIOCPROMISC	_IO('B', 105)
129 #define	BIOCGDLT	_IOR('B', 106, u_int)
130 #define	BIOCGETIF	_IOR('B', 107, struct ifreq)
131 #define	BIOCSETIF	_IOW('B', 108, struct ifreq)
132 #define	BIOCSRTIMEOUT	_IOW('B', 109, struct timeval)
133 #define	BIOCGRTIMEOUT	_IOR('B', 110, struct timeval)
134 #define	BIOCGSTATS	_IOR('B', 111, struct bpf_stat)
135 #define	BIOCIMMEDIATE	_IOW('B', 112, u_int)
136 #define	BIOCVERSION	_IOR('B', 113, struct bpf_version)
137 #define	BIOCGRSIG	_IOR('B', 114, u_int)
138 #define	BIOCSRSIG	_IOW('B', 115, u_int)
139 #define	BIOCGHDRCMPLT	_IOR('B', 116, u_int)
140 #define	BIOCSHDRCMPLT	_IOW('B', 117, u_int)
141 #define	BIOCGDIRECTION	_IOR('B', 118, u_int)
142 #define	BIOCSDIRECTION	_IOW('B', 119, u_int)
143 #define	BIOCSDLT	_IOW('B', 120, u_int)
144 #define	BIOCGDLTLIST	_IOWR('B', 121, struct bpf_dltlist)
145 #define	BIOCLOCK	_IO('B', 122)
146 #define	BIOCSETWF	_IOW('B', 123, struct bpf_program)
147 #define	BIOCFEEDBACK	_IOW('B', 124, u_int)
148 #define	BIOCGETBUFMODE	_IOR('B', 125, u_int)
149 #define	BIOCSETBUFMODE	_IOW('B', 126, u_int)
150 #define	BIOCGETZMAX	_IOR('B', 127, size_t)
151 #define	BIOCROTZBUF	_IOR('B', 128, struct bpf_zbuf)
152 #define	BIOCSETZBUF	_IOW('B', 129, struct bpf_zbuf)
153 #define	BIOCSETFNR	_IOW('B', 130, struct bpf_program)
154 #define	BIOCGTSTAMP	_IOR('B', 131, u_int)
155 #define	BIOCSTSTAMP	_IOW('B', 132, u_int)
156 #define	BIOCSETVLANPCP	_IOW('B', 133, u_int)
157 
158 /* Obsolete */
159 #define	BIOCGSEESENT	BIOCGDIRECTION
160 #define	BIOCSSEESENT	BIOCSDIRECTION
161 
162 /* Packet directions */
163 enum bpf_direction {
164 	BPF_D_IN,	/* See incoming packets */
165 	BPF_D_INOUT,	/* See incoming and outgoing packets */
166 	BPF_D_OUT	/* See outgoing packets */
167 };
168 
169 /* Time stamping functions */
170 #define	BPF_T_MICROTIME		0x0000
171 #define	BPF_T_NANOTIME		0x0001
172 #define	BPF_T_BINTIME		0x0002
173 #define	BPF_T_NONE		0x0003
174 #define	BPF_T_FORMAT_MASK	0x0003
175 #define	BPF_T_NORMAL		0x0000
176 #define	BPF_T_FAST		0x0100
177 #define	BPF_T_MONOTONIC		0x0200
178 #define	BPF_T_MONOTONIC_FAST	(BPF_T_FAST | BPF_T_MONOTONIC)
179 #define	BPF_T_FLAG_MASK		0x0300
180 #define	BPF_T_FORMAT(t)		((t) & BPF_T_FORMAT_MASK)
181 #define	BPF_T_FLAG(t)		((t) & BPF_T_FLAG_MASK)
182 #define	BPF_T_VALID(t)						\
183     ((t) == BPF_T_NONE || (BPF_T_FORMAT(t) != BPF_T_NONE &&	\
184     ((t) & ~(BPF_T_FORMAT_MASK | BPF_T_FLAG_MASK)) == 0))
185 
186 #define	BPF_T_MICROTIME_FAST		(BPF_T_MICROTIME | BPF_T_FAST)
187 #define	BPF_T_NANOTIME_FAST		(BPF_T_NANOTIME | BPF_T_FAST)
188 #define	BPF_T_BINTIME_FAST		(BPF_T_BINTIME | BPF_T_FAST)
189 #define	BPF_T_MICROTIME_MONOTONIC	(BPF_T_MICROTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC)
190 #define	BPF_T_NANOTIME_MONOTONIC	(BPF_T_NANOTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC)
191 #define	BPF_T_BINTIME_MONOTONIC		(BPF_T_BINTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC)
192 #define	BPF_T_MICROTIME_MONOTONIC_FAST	(BPF_T_MICROTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC_FAST)
193 #define	BPF_T_NANOTIME_MONOTONIC_FAST	(BPF_T_NANOTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC_FAST)
194 #define	BPF_T_BINTIME_MONOTONIC_FAST	(BPF_T_BINTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC_FAST)
195 
196 /*
197  * Structure prepended to each packet.
198  */
199 struct bpf_ts {
200 	bpf_int64	bt_sec;		/* seconds */
201 	bpf_u_int64	bt_frac;	/* fraction */
202 };
203 struct bpf_xhdr {
204 	struct bpf_ts	bh_tstamp;	/* time stamp */
205 	bpf_u_int32	bh_caplen;	/* length of captured portion */
206 	bpf_u_int32	bh_datalen;	/* original length of packet */
207 	u_short		bh_hdrlen;	/* length of bpf header (this struct
208 					   plus alignment padding) */
209 };
210 /* Obsolete */
211 struct bpf_hdr {
212 	struct timeval	bh_tstamp;	/* time stamp */
213 	bpf_u_int32	bh_caplen;	/* length of captured portion */
214 	bpf_u_int32	bh_datalen;	/* original length of packet */
215 	u_short		bh_hdrlen;	/* length of bpf header (this struct
216 					   plus alignment padding) */
217 };
218 #ifdef _KERNEL
219 #define	MTAG_BPF		0x627066
220 #define	MTAG_BPF_TIMESTAMP	0
221 #endif
222 
223 /*
224  * When using zero-copy BPF buffers, a shared memory header is present
225  * allowing the kernel BPF implementation and user process to synchronize
226  * without using system calls.  This structure defines that header.  When
227  * accessing these fields, appropriate atomic operation and memory barriers
228  * are required in order not to see stale or out-of-order data; see bpf(4)
229  * for reference code to access these fields from userspace.
230  *
231  * The layout of this structure is critical, and must not be changed; if must
232  * fit in a single page on all architectures.
233  */
234 struct bpf_zbuf_header {
235 	volatile u_int	bzh_kernel_gen;	/* Kernel generation number. */
236 	volatile u_int	bzh_kernel_len;	/* Length of data in the buffer. */
237 	volatile u_int	bzh_user_gen;	/* User generation number. */
238 	u_int _bzh_pad[5];
239 };
240 
241 /*
242  * The instruction encodings.
243  *
244  * Please inform tcpdump-workers@lists.tcpdump.org if you use any
245  * of the reserved values, so that we can note that they're used
246  * (and perhaps implement it in the reference BPF implementation
247  * and encourage its implementation elsewhere).
248  */
249 
250 /*
251  * The upper 8 bits of the opcode aren't used. BSD/OS used 0x8000.
252  */
253 
254 /* instruction classes */
255 #define BPF_CLASS(code) ((code) & 0x07)
256 #define		BPF_LD		0x00
257 #define		BPF_LDX		0x01
258 #define		BPF_ST		0x02
259 #define		BPF_STX		0x03
260 #define		BPF_ALU		0x04
261 #define		BPF_JMP		0x05
262 #define		BPF_RET		0x06
263 #define		BPF_MISC	0x07
264 
265 /* ld/ldx fields */
266 #define BPF_SIZE(code)	((code) & 0x18)
267 #define		BPF_W		0x00
268 #define		BPF_H		0x08
269 #define		BPF_B		0x10
270 /*				0x18	reserved; used by BSD/OS */
271 #define BPF_MODE(code)	((code) & 0xe0)
272 #define		BPF_IMM 	0x00
273 #define		BPF_ABS		0x20
274 #define		BPF_IND		0x40
275 #define		BPF_MEM		0x60
276 #define		BPF_LEN		0x80
277 #define		BPF_MSH		0xa0
278 /*				0xc0	reserved; used by BSD/OS */
279 /*				0xe0	reserved; used by BSD/OS */
280 
281 /* alu/jmp fields */
282 #define BPF_OP(code)	((code) & 0xf0)
283 #define		BPF_ADD		0x00
284 #define		BPF_SUB		0x10
285 #define		BPF_MUL		0x20
286 #define		BPF_DIV		0x30
287 #define		BPF_OR		0x40
288 #define		BPF_AND		0x50
289 #define		BPF_LSH		0x60
290 #define		BPF_RSH		0x70
291 #define		BPF_NEG		0x80
292 #define		BPF_MOD		0x90
293 #define		BPF_XOR		0xa0
294 /*				0xb0	reserved */
295 /*				0xc0	reserved */
296 /*				0xd0	reserved */
297 /*				0xe0	reserved */
298 /*				0xf0	reserved */
299 
300 #define		BPF_JA		0x00
301 #define		BPF_JEQ		0x10
302 #define		BPF_JGT		0x20
303 #define		BPF_JGE		0x30
304 #define		BPF_JSET	0x40
305 /*				0x50	reserved; used on BSD/OS */
306 /*				0x60	reserved */
307 /*				0x70	reserved */
308 /*				0x80	reserved */
309 /*				0x90	reserved */
310 /*				0xa0	reserved */
311 /*				0xb0	reserved */
312 /*				0xc0	reserved */
313 /*				0xd0	reserved */
314 /*				0xe0	reserved */
315 /*				0xf0	reserved */
316 #define BPF_SRC(code)	((code) & 0x08)
317 #define		BPF_K		0x00
318 #define		BPF_X		0x08
319 
320 /* ret - BPF_K and BPF_X also apply */
321 #define BPF_RVAL(code)	((code) & 0x18)
322 #define		BPF_A		0x10
323 /*				0x18	reserved */
324 
325 /* misc */
326 #define BPF_MISCOP(code) ((code) & 0xf8)
327 #define		BPF_TAX		0x00
328 /*				0x08	reserved */
329 /*				0x10	reserved */
330 /*				0x18	reserved */
331 /* #define	BPF_COP		0x20	NetBSD "coprocessor" extensions */
332 /*				0x28	reserved */
333 /*				0x30	reserved */
334 /*				0x38	reserved */
335 /* #define	BPF_COPX	0x40	NetBSD "coprocessor" extensions */
336 /*					also used on BSD/OS */
337 /*				0x48	reserved */
338 /*				0x50	reserved */
339 /*				0x58	reserved */
340 /*				0x60	reserved */
341 /*				0x68	reserved */
342 /*				0x70	reserved */
343 /*				0x78	reserved */
344 #define		BPF_TXA		0x80
345 /*				0x88	reserved */
346 /*				0x90	reserved */
347 /*				0x98	reserved */
348 /*				0xa0	reserved */
349 /*				0xa8	reserved */
350 /*				0xb0	reserved */
351 /*				0xb8	reserved */
352 /*				0xc0	reserved; used on BSD/OS */
353 /*				0xc8	reserved */
354 /*				0xd0	reserved */
355 /*				0xd8	reserved */
356 /*				0xe0	reserved */
357 /*				0xe8	reserved */
358 /*				0xf0	reserved */
359 /*				0xf8	reserved */
360 
361 /*
362  * The instruction data structure.
363  */
364 struct bpf_insn {
365 	u_short		code;
366 	u_char		jt;
367 	u_char		jf;
368 	bpf_u_int32	k;
369 };
370 
371 /*
372  * Macros for insn array initializers.
373  */
374 #define BPF_STMT(code, k) { (u_short)(code), 0, 0, k }
375 #define BPF_JUMP(code, k, jt, jf) { (u_short)(code), jt, jf, k }
376 
377 /*
378  * Structure to retrieve available DLTs for the interface.
379  */
380 struct bpf_dltlist {
381 	u_int	bfl_len;	/* number of bfd_list array */
382 	u_int	*bfl_list;	/* array of DLTs */
383 };
384 
385 #ifdef _KERNEL
386 #ifdef MALLOC_DECLARE
387 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_BPF);
388 #endif
389 #ifdef SYSCTL_DECL
390 SYSCTL_DECL(_net_bpf);
391 #endif
392 
393 /*
394  * Rotate the packet buffers in descriptor d.  Move the store buffer into the
395  * hold slot, and the free buffer into the store slot.  Zero the length of the
396  * new store buffer.  Descriptor lock should be held.  One must be careful to
397  * not rotate the buffers twice, i.e. if fbuf != NULL.
398  */
399 #define	ROTATE_BUFFERS(d)	do {					\
400 	(d)->bd_hbuf = (d)->bd_sbuf;					\
401 	(d)->bd_hlen = (d)->bd_slen;					\
402 	(d)->bd_sbuf = (d)->bd_fbuf;					\
403 	(d)->bd_slen = 0;						\
404 	(d)->bd_fbuf = NULL;						\
405 	bpf_bufheld(d);							\
406 } while (0)
407 
408 /*
409  * Descriptor associated with each attached hardware interface.
410  * Part of this structure is exposed to external callers to speed up
411  * bpf_peers_present() calls.
412  */
413 struct bpf_if;
414 CK_LIST_HEAD(bpfd_list, bpf_d);
415 
416 struct bpf_if_ext {
417 	CK_LIST_ENTRY(bpf_if)	bif_next;	/* list of all interfaces */
418 	struct bpfd_list	bif_dlist;	/* descriptor list */
419 };
420 
421 void	 bpf_bufheld(struct bpf_d *d);
422 int	 bpf_validate(const struct bpf_insn *, int);
423 void	 bpf_tap(struct bpf_if *, u_char *, u_int);
424 void	 bpf_mtap(struct bpf_if *, struct mbuf *);
425 void	 bpf_mtap2(struct bpf_if *, void *, u_int, struct mbuf *);
426 void	 bpfattach(struct ifnet *, u_int, u_int);
427 void	 bpfattach2(struct ifnet *, u_int, u_int, struct bpf_if **);
428 void	 bpfdetach(struct ifnet *);
429 #ifdef VIMAGE
430 int	 bpf_get_bp_params(struct bpf_if *, u_int *, u_int *);
431 #endif
432 
433 void	 bpfilterattach(int);
434 u_int	 bpf_filter(const struct bpf_insn *, u_char *, u_int, u_int);
435 
436 static __inline int
437 bpf_peers_present(struct bpf_if *bpf)
438 {
439 	struct bpf_if_ext *ext;
440 
441 	ext = (struct bpf_if_ext *)bpf;
442 	if (!CK_LIST_EMPTY(&ext->bif_dlist))
443 		return (1);
444 	return (0);
445 }
446 
447 #define	BPF_TAP(_ifp,_pkt,_pktlen) do {				\
448 	if (bpf_peers_present((_ifp)->if_bpf))			\
449 		bpf_tap((_ifp)->if_bpf, (_pkt), (_pktlen));	\
450 } while (0)
451 #define	BPF_MTAP(_ifp,_m) do {					\
452 	if (bpf_peers_present((_ifp)->if_bpf)) {		\
453 		M_ASSERTVALID(_m);				\
454 		bpf_mtap((_ifp)->if_bpf, (_m));			\
455 	}							\
456 } while (0)
457 #define	BPF_MTAP2(_ifp,_data,_dlen,_m) do {			\
458 	if (bpf_peers_present((_ifp)->if_bpf)) {		\
459 		M_ASSERTVALID(_m);				\
460 		bpf_mtap2((_ifp)->if_bpf,(_data),(_dlen),(_m));	\
461 	}							\
462 } while (0)
463 #endif
464 
465 /*
466  * Number of scratch memory words (for BPF_LD|BPF_MEM and BPF_ST).
467  */
468 #define BPF_MEMWORDS 16
469 
470 /* BPF attach/detach events */
471 struct ifnet;
472 typedef void (*bpf_track_fn)(void *, struct ifnet *, int /* dlt */,
473     int /* 1 =>'s attach */);
474 EVENTHANDLER_DECLARE(bpf_track, bpf_track_fn);
475 
476 #endif /* _NET_BPF_H_ */
477