xref: /freebsd/sys/net/bpf.h (revision 076b94438c7d42c1b4661ed1e12e3b12ca69361a)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from the Stanford/CMU enet packet filter,
8  * (net/enet.c) distributed as part of 4.3BSD, and code contributed
9  * to Berkeley by Steven McCanne and Van Jacobson both of Lawrence
10  * Berkeley Laboratory.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  *      @(#)bpf.h	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/10/93
37  *	@(#)bpf.h	1.34 (LBL)     6/16/96
38  *
39  * $FreeBSD$
40  */
41 
42 #ifndef _NET_BPF_H_
43 #define _NET_BPF_H_
44 
45 /* BSD style release date */
46 #define	BPF_RELEASE 199606
47 
48 typedef	int32_t	  bpf_int32;
49 typedef	u_int32_t bpf_u_int32;
50 typedef	int64_t	  bpf_int64;
51 typedef	u_int64_t bpf_u_int64;
52 
53 /*
54  * Alignment macros.  BPF_WORDALIGN rounds up to the next
55  * even multiple of BPF_ALIGNMENT.
56  */
57 #define BPF_ALIGNMENT sizeof(long)
58 #define BPF_WORDALIGN(x) (((x)+(BPF_ALIGNMENT-1))&~(BPF_ALIGNMENT-1))
59 
60 #define BPF_MAXINSNS 512
61 #define BPF_MAXBUFSIZE 0x80000
62 #define BPF_MINBUFSIZE 32
63 
64 /*
65  *  Structure for BIOCSETF.
66  */
67 struct bpf_program {
68 	u_int bf_len;
69 	struct bpf_insn *bf_insns;
70 };
71 
72 /*
73  * Struct returned by BIOCGSTATS.
74  */
75 struct bpf_stat {
76 	u_int bs_recv;		/* number of packets received */
77 	u_int bs_drop;		/* number of packets dropped */
78 };
79 
80 /*
81  * Struct return by BIOCVERSION.  This represents the version number of
82  * the filter language described by the instruction encodings below.
83  * bpf understands a program iff kernel_major == filter_major &&
84  * kernel_minor >= filter_minor, that is, if the value returned by the
85  * running kernel has the same major number and a minor number equal
86  * equal to or less than the filter being downloaded.  Otherwise, the
87  * results are undefined, meaning an error may be returned or packets
88  * may be accepted haphazardly.
89  * It has nothing to do with the source code version.
90  */
91 struct bpf_version {
92 	u_short bv_major;
93 	u_short bv_minor;
94 };
95 /* Current version number of filter architecture. */
96 #define BPF_MAJOR_VERSION 1
97 #define BPF_MINOR_VERSION 1
98 
99 /*
100  * Historically, BPF has supported a single buffering model, first using mbuf
101  * clusters in kernel, and later using malloc(9) buffers in kernel.  We now
102  * support multiple buffering modes, which may be queried and set using
103  * BIOCGETBUFMODE and BIOCSETBUFMODE.  So as to avoid handling the complexity
104  * of changing modes while sniffing packets, the mode becomes fixed once an
105  * interface has been attached to the BPF descriptor.
106  */
107 #define	BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER	1	/* Kernel buffers with read(). */
108 #define	BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF	2	/* Zero-copy buffers. */
109 
110 /*-
111  * Struct used by BIOCSETZBUF, BIOCROTZBUF: describes up to two zero-copy
112  * buffer as used by BPF.
113  */
114 struct bpf_zbuf {
115 	void	*bz_bufa;	/* Location of 'a' zero-copy buffer. */
116 	void	*bz_bufb;	/* Location of 'b' zero-copy buffer. */
117 	size_t	 bz_buflen;	/* Size of zero-copy buffers. */
118 };
119 
120 #define	BIOCGBLEN	_IOR('B', 102, u_int)
121 #define	BIOCSBLEN	_IOWR('B', 102, u_int)
122 #define	BIOCSETF	_IOW('B', 103, struct bpf_program)
123 #define	BIOCFLUSH	_IO('B', 104)
124 #define	BIOCPROMISC	_IO('B', 105)
125 #define	BIOCGDLT	_IOR('B', 106, u_int)
126 #define	BIOCGETIF	_IOR('B', 107, struct ifreq)
127 #define	BIOCSETIF	_IOW('B', 108, struct ifreq)
128 #define	BIOCSRTIMEOUT	_IOW('B', 109, struct timeval)
129 #define	BIOCGRTIMEOUT	_IOR('B', 110, struct timeval)
130 #define	BIOCGSTATS	_IOR('B', 111, struct bpf_stat)
131 #define	BIOCIMMEDIATE	_IOW('B', 112, u_int)
132 #define	BIOCVERSION	_IOR('B', 113, struct bpf_version)
133 #define	BIOCGRSIG	_IOR('B', 114, u_int)
134 #define	BIOCSRSIG	_IOW('B', 115, u_int)
135 #define	BIOCGHDRCMPLT	_IOR('B', 116, u_int)
136 #define	BIOCSHDRCMPLT	_IOW('B', 117, u_int)
137 #define	BIOCGDIRECTION	_IOR('B', 118, u_int)
138 #define	BIOCSDIRECTION	_IOW('B', 119, u_int)
139 #define	BIOCSDLT	_IOW('B', 120, u_int)
140 #define	BIOCGDLTLIST	_IOWR('B', 121, struct bpf_dltlist)
141 #define	BIOCLOCK	_IO('B', 122)
142 #define	BIOCSETWF	_IOW('B', 123, struct bpf_program)
143 #define	BIOCFEEDBACK	_IOW('B', 124, u_int)
144 #define	BIOCGETBUFMODE	_IOR('B', 125, u_int)
145 #define	BIOCSETBUFMODE	_IOW('B', 126, u_int)
146 #define	BIOCGETZMAX	_IOR('B', 127, size_t)
147 #define	BIOCROTZBUF	_IOR('B', 128, struct bpf_zbuf)
148 #define	BIOCSETZBUF	_IOW('B', 129, struct bpf_zbuf)
149 #define	BIOCSETFNR	_IOW('B', 130, struct bpf_program)
150 #define	BIOCGTSTAMP	_IOR('B', 131, u_int)
151 #define	BIOCSTSTAMP	_IOW('B', 132, u_int)
152 
153 /* Obsolete */
154 #define	BIOCGSEESENT	BIOCGDIRECTION
155 #define	BIOCSSEESENT	BIOCSDIRECTION
156 
157 /* Packet directions */
158 enum bpf_direction {
159 	BPF_D_IN,	/* See incoming packets */
160 	BPF_D_INOUT,	/* See incoming and outgoing packets */
161 	BPF_D_OUT	/* See outgoing packets */
162 };
163 
164 /* Time stamping functions */
165 #define	BPF_T_MICROTIME		0x0000
166 #define	BPF_T_NANOTIME		0x0001
167 #define	BPF_T_BINTIME		0x0002
168 #define	BPF_T_NONE		0x0003
169 #define	BPF_T_FORMAT_MASK	0x0003
170 #define	BPF_T_NORMAL		0x0000
171 #define	BPF_T_FAST		0x0100
172 #define	BPF_T_MONOTONIC		0x0200
173 #define	BPF_T_MONOTONIC_FAST	(BPF_T_FAST | BPF_T_MONOTONIC)
174 #define	BPF_T_FLAG_MASK		0x0300
175 #define	BPF_T_FORMAT(t)		((t) & BPF_T_FORMAT_MASK)
176 #define	BPF_T_FLAG(t)		((t) & BPF_T_FLAG_MASK)
177 #define	BPF_T_VALID(t)						\
178     ((t) == BPF_T_NONE || (BPF_T_FORMAT(t) != BPF_T_NONE &&	\
179     ((t) & ~(BPF_T_FORMAT_MASK | BPF_T_FLAG_MASK)) == 0))
180 
181 #define	BPF_T_MICROTIME_FAST		(BPF_T_MICROTIME | BPF_T_FAST)
182 #define	BPF_T_NANOTIME_FAST		(BPF_T_NANOTIME | BPF_T_FAST)
183 #define	BPF_T_BINTIME_FAST		(BPF_T_BINTIME | BPF_T_FAST)
184 #define	BPF_T_MICROTIME_MONOTONIC	(BPF_T_MICROTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC)
185 #define	BPF_T_NANOTIME_MONOTONIC	(BPF_T_NANOTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC)
186 #define	BPF_T_BINTIME_MONOTONIC		(BPF_T_BINTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC)
187 #define	BPF_T_MICROTIME_MONOTONIC_FAST	(BPF_T_MICROTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC_FAST)
188 #define	BPF_T_NANOTIME_MONOTONIC_FAST	(BPF_T_NANOTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC_FAST)
189 #define	BPF_T_BINTIME_MONOTONIC_FAST	(BPF_T_BINTIME | BPF_T_MONOTONIC_FAST)
190 
191 /*
192  * Structure prepended to each packet.
193  */
194 struct bpf_ts {
195 	bpf_int64	bt_sec;		/* seconds */
196 	bpf_u_int64	bt_frac;	/* fraction */
197 };
198 struct bpf_xhdr {
199 	struct bpf_ts	bh_tstamp;	/* time stamp */
200 	bpf_u_int32	bh_caplen;	/* length of captured portion */
201 	bpf_u_int32	bh_datalen;	/* original length of packet */
202 	u_short		bh_hdrlen;	/* length of bpf header (this struct
203 					   plus alignment padding) */
204 };
205 /* Obsolete */
206 struct bpf_hdr {
207 	struct timeval	bh_tstamp;	/* time stamp */
208 	bpf_u_int32	bh_caplen;	/* length of captured portion */
209 	bpf_u_int32	bh_datalen;	/* original length of packet */
210 	u_short		bh_hdrlen;	/* length of bpf header (this struct
211 					   plus alignment padding) */
212 };
213 #ifdef _KERNEL
214 #define	MTAG_BPF		0x627066
215 #define	MTAG_BPF_TIMESTAMP	0
216 #endif
217 
218 /*
219  * When using zero-copy BPF buffers, a shared memory header is present
220  * allowing the kernel BPF implementation and user process to synchronize
221  * without using system calls.  This structure defines that header.  When
222  * accessing these fields, appropriate atomic operation and memory barriers
223  * are required in order not to see stale or out-of-order data; see bpf(4)
224  * for reference code to access these fields from userspace.
225  *
226  * The layout of this structure is critical, and must not be changed; if must
227  * fit in a single page on all architectures.
228  */
229 struct bpf_zbuf_header {
230 	volatile u_int	bzh_kernel_gen;	/* Kernel generation number. */
231 	volatile u_int	bzh_kernel_len;	/* Length of data in the buffer. */
232 	volatile u_int	bzh_user_gen;	/* User generation number. */
233 	u_int _bzh_pad[5];
234 };
235 
236 /* Pull in data-link level type codes. */
237 #include <net/dlt.h>
238 
239 /*
240  * The instruction encodings.
241  *
242  * Please inform tcpdump-workers@lists.tcpdump.org if you use any
243  * of the reserved values, so that we can note that they're used
244  * (and perhaps implement it in the reference BPF implementation
245  * and encourage its implementation elsewhere).
246  */
247 
248 /*
249  * The upper 8 bits of the opcode aren't used. BSD/OS used 0x8000.
250  */
251 
252 /* instruction classes */
253 #define BPF_CLASS(code) ((code) & 0x07)
254 #define		BPF_LD		0x00
255 #define		BPF_LDX		0x01
256 #define		BPF_ST		0x02
257 #define		BPF_STX		0x03
258 #define		BPF_ALU		0x04
259 #define		BPF_JMP		0x05
260 #define		BPF_RET		0x06
261 #define		BPF_MISC	0x07
262 
263 /* ld/ldx fields */
264 #define BPF_SIZE(code)	((code) & 0x18)
265 #define		BPF_W		0x00
266 #define		BPF_H		0x08
267 #define		BPF_B		0x10
268 /*				0x18	reserved; used by BSD/OS */
269 #define BPF_MODE(code)	((code) & 0xe0)
270 #define		BPF_IMM 	0x00
271 #define		BPF_ABS		0x20
272 #define		BPF_IND		0x40
273 #define		BPF_MEM		0x60
274 #define		BPF_LEN		0x80
275 #define		BPF_MSH		0xa0
276 /*				0xc0	reserved; used by BSD/OS */
277 /*				0xe0	reserved; used by BSD/OS */
278 
279 /* alu/jmp fields */
280 #define BPF_OP(code)	((code) & 0xf0)
281 #define		BPF_ADD		0x00
282 #define		BPF_SUB		0x10
283 #define		BPF_MUL		0x20
284 #define		BPF_DIV		0x30
285 #define		BPF_OR		0x40
286 #define		BPF_AND		0x50
287 #define		BPF_LSH		0x60
288 #define		BPF_RSH		0x70
289 #define		BPF_NEG		0x80
290 #define		BPF_MOD		0x90
291 #define		BPF_XOR		0xa0
292 /*				0xb0	reserved */
293 /*				0xc0	reserved */
294 /*				0xd0	reserved */
295 /*				0xe0	reserved */
296 /*				0xf0	reserved */
297 
298 #define		BPF_JA		0x00
299 #define		BPF_JEQ		0x10
300 #define		BPF_JGT		0x20
301 #define		BPF_JGE		0x30
302 #define		BPF_JSET	0x40
303 /*				0x50	reserved; used on BSD/OS */
304 /*				0x60	reserved */
305 /*				0x70	reserved */
306 /*				0x80	reserved */
307 /*				0x90	reserved */
308 /*				0xa0	reserved */
309 /*				0xb0	reserved */
310 /*				0xc0	reserved */
311 /*				0xd0	reserved */
312 /*				0xe0	reserved */
313 /*				0xf0	reserved */
314 #define BPF_SRC(code)	((code) & 0x08)
315 #define		BPF_K		0x00
316 #define		BPF_X		0x08
317 
318 /* ret - BPF_K and BPF_X also apply */
319 #define BPF_RVAL(code)	((code) & 0x18)
320 #define		BPF_A		0x10
321 /*				0x18	reserved */
322 
323 /* misc */
324 #define BPF_MISCOP(code) ((code) & 0xf8)
325 #define		BPF_TAX		0x00
326 /*				0x08	reserved */
327 /*				0x10	reserved */
328 /*				0x18	reserved */
329 /* #define	BPF_COP		0x20	NetBSD "coprocessor" extensions */
330 /*				0x28	reserved */
331 /*				0x30	reserved */
332 /*				0x38	reserved */
333 /* #define	BPF_COPX	0x40	NetBSD "coprocessor" extensions */
334 /*					also used on BSD/OS */
335 /*				0x48	reserved */
336 /*				0x50	reserved */
337 /*				0x58	reserved */
338 /*				0x60	reserved */
339 /*				0x68	reserved */
340 /*				0x70	reserved */
341 /*				0x78	reserved */
342 #define		BPF_TXA		0x80
343 /*				0x88	reserved */
344 /*				0x90	reserved */
345 /*				0x98	reserved */
346 /*				0xa0	reserved */
347 /*				0xa8	reserved */
348 /*				0xb0	reserved */
349 /*				0xb8	reserved */
350 /*				0xc0	reserved; used on BSD/OS */
351 /*				0xc8	reserved */
352 /*				0xd0	reserved */
353 /*				0xd8	reserved */
354 /*				0xe0	reserved */
355 /*				0xe8	reserved */
356 /*				0xf0	reserved */
357 /*				0xf8	reserved */
358 
359 /*
360  * The instruction data structure.
361  */
362 struct bpf_insn {
363 	u_short		code;
364 	u_char		jt;
365 	u_char		jf;
366 	bpf_u_int32	k;
367 };
368 
369 /*
370  * Macros for insn array initializers.
371  */
372 #define BPF_STMT(code, k) { (u_short)(code), 0, 0, k }
373 #define BPF_JUMP(code, k, jt, jf) { (u_short)(code), jt, jf, k }
374 
375 /*
376  * Structure to retrieve available DLTs for the interface.
377  */
378 struct bpf_dltlist {
379 	u_int	bfl_len;	/* number of bfd_list array */
380 	u_int	*bfl_list;	/* array of DLTs */
381 };
382 
383 #ifdef _KERNEL
384 #ifdef MALLOC_DECLARE
385 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_BPF);
386 #endif
387 #ifdef SYSCTL_DECL
388 SYSCTL_DECL(_net_bpf);
389 #endif
390 
391 /*
392  * Rotate the packet buffers in descriptor d.  Move the store buffer into the
393  * hold slot, and the free buffer into the store slot.  Zero the length of the
394  * new store buffer.  Descriptor lock should be held.  One must be careful to
395  * not rotate the buffers twice, i.e. if fbuf != NULL.
396  */
397 #define	ROTATE_BUFFERS(d)	do {					\
398 	(d)->bd_hbuf = (d)->bd_sbuf;					\
399 	(d)->bd_hlen = (d)->bd_slen;					\
400 	(d)->bd_sbuf = (d)->bd_fbuf;					\
401 	(d)->bd_slen = 0;						\
402 	(d)->bd_fbuf = NULL;						\
403 	bpf_bufheld(d);							\
404 } while (0)
405 
406 /*
407  * Descriptor associated with each attached hardware interface.
408  * Part of this structure is exposed to external callers to speed up
409  * bpf_peers_present() calls.
410  */
411 struct bpf_if;
412 
413 struct bpf_if_ext {
414 	LIST_ENTRY(bpf_if)	bif_next;	/* list of all interfaces */
415 	LIST_HEAD(, bpf_d)	bif_dlist;	/* descriptor list */
416 };
417 
418 void	 bpf_bufheld(struct bpf_d *d);
419 int	 bpf_validate(const struct bpf_insn *, int);
420 void	 bpf_tap(struct bpf_if *, u_char *, u_int);
421 void	 bpf_mtap(struct bpf_if *, struct mbuf *);
422 void	 bpf_mtap2(struct bpf_if *, void *, u_int, struct mbuf *);
423 void	 bpfattach(struct ifnet *, u_int, u_int);
424 void	 bpfattach2(struct ifnet *, u_int, u_int, struct bpf_if **);
425 void	 bpfdetach(struct ifnet *);
426 #ifdef VIMAGE
427 int	 bpf_get_bp_params(struct bpf_if *, u_int *, u_int *);
428 #endif
429 
430 void	 bpfilterattach(int);
431 u_int	 bpf_filter(const struct bpf_insn *, u_char *, u_int, u_int);
432 
433 static __inline int
434 bpf_peers_present(struct bpf_if *bpf)
435 {
436 	struct bpf_if_ext *ext;
437 
438 	ext = (struct bpf_if_ext *)bpf;
439 	if (!LIST_EMPTY(&ext->bif_dlist))
440 		return (1);
441 	return (0);
442 }
443 
444 #define	BPF_TAP(_ifp,_pkt,_pktlen) do {				\
445 	if (bpf_peers_present((_ifp)->if_bpf))			\
446 		bpf_tap((_ifp)->if_bpf, (_pkt), (_pktlen));	\
447 } while (0)
448 #define	BPF_MTAP(_ifp,_m) do {					\
449 	if (bpf_peers_present((_ifp)->if_bpf)) {		\
450 		M_ASSERTVALID(_m);				\
451 		bpf_mtap((_ifp)->if_bpf, (_m));			\
452 	}							\
453 } while (0)
454 #define	BPF_MTAP2(_ifp,_data,_dlen,_m) do {			\
455 	if (bpf_peers_present((_ifp)->if_bpf)) {		\
456 		M_ASSERTVALID(_m);				\
457 		bpf_mtap2((_ifp)->if_bpf,(_data),(_dlen),(_m));	\
458 	}							\
459 } while (0)
460 #endif
461 
462 /*
463  * Number of scratch memory words (for BPF_LD|BPF_MEM and BPF_ST).
464  */
465 #define BPF_MEMWORDS 16
466 
467 #ifdef _SYS_EVENTHANDLER_H_
468 /* BPF attach/detach events */
469 struct ifnet;
470 typedef void (*bpf_track_fn)(void *, struct ifnet *, int /* dlt */,
471     int /* 1 =>'s attach */);
472 EVENTHANDLER_DECLARE(bpf_track, bpf_track_fn);
473 #endif /* _SYS_EVENTHANDLER_H_ */
474 
475 #endif /* _NET_BPF_H_ */
476