xref: /freebsd/sys/net/bpf.c (revision a051ca72e2815b9bbba1e422f5abf22bc2a01551)

/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2019 Andrey V. Elsukov <ae@FreeBSD.org>
 *
 * This code is derived from the Stanford/CMU enet packet filter,
 * (net/enet.c) distributed as part of 4.3BSD, and code contributed
 * to Berkeley by Steven McCanne and Van Jacobson both of Lawrence
 * Berkeley Laboratory.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *      @(#)bpf.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 1/9/95
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");

#include "opt_bpf.h"
#include "opt_ddb.h"
#include "opt_netgraph.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/conf.h>
#include <sys/eventhandler.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/jail.h>
#include <sys/ktr.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/mutex.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/priv.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/signalvar.h>
#include <sys/filio.h>
#include <sys/sockio.h>
#include <sys/ttycom.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <sys/sysent.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>

#include <sys/event.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>

#include <sys/socket.h>

#ifdef DDB
#include <ddb/ddb.h>
#endif

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_var.h>
#include <net/if_vlan_var.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <net/bpf.h>
#include <net/bpf_buffer.h>
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
#include <net/bpf_jitter.h>
#endif
#include <net/bpf_zerocopy.h>
#include <net/bpfdesc.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/vnet.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/if_ether.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>

#include <net80211/ieee80211_freebsd.h>

#include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>

MALLOC_DEFINE(M_BPF, "BPF", "BPF data");

static struct bpf_if_ext dead_bpf_if = {
	.bif_dlist = CK_LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER()
};

struct bpf_if {
#define	bif_next	bif_ext.bif_next
#define	bif_dlist	bif_ext.bif_dlist
	struct bpf_if_ext bif_ext;	/* public members */
	u_int		bif_dlt;	/* link layer type */
	u_int		bif_hdrlen;	/* length of link header */
	struct bpfd_list bif_wlist;	/* writer-only list */
	struct ifnet	*bif_ifp;	/* corresponding interface */
	struct bpf_if	**bif_bpf;	/* Pointer to pointer to us */
	volatile u_int	bif_refcnt;
	struct epoch_context epoch_ctx;
};

CTASSERT(offsetof(struct bpf_if, bif_ext) == 0);

struct bpf_program_buffer {
	struct epoch_context	epoch_ctx;
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
	bpf_jit_filter		*func;
#endif
	void			*buffer[0];
};

#if defined(DEV_BPF) || defined(NETGRAPH_BPF)

#define PRINET  26			/* interruptible */
#define BPF_PRIO_MAX	7

#define	SIZEOF_BPF_HDR(type)	\
    (offsetof(type, bh_hdrlen) + sizeof(((type *)0)->bh_hdrlen))

#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <compat/freebsd32/freebsd32.h>
#define BPF_ALIGNMENT32 sizeof(int32_t)
#define	BPF_WORDALIGN32(x) roundup2(x, BPF_ALIGNMENT32)

#ifndef BURN_BRIDGES
/*
 * 32-bit version of structure prepended to each packet.  We use this header
 * instead of the standard one for 32-bit streams.  We mark the a stream as
 * 32-bit the first time we see a 32-bit compat ioctl request.
 */
struct bpf_hdr32 {
	struct timeval32 bh_tstamp;	/* time stamp */
	uint32_t	bh_caplen;	/* length of captured portion */
	uint32_t	bh_datalen;	/* original length of packet */
	uint16_t	bh_hdrlen;	/* length of bpf header (this struct
					   plus alignment padding) */
};
#endif

struct bpf_program32 {
	u_int bf_len;
	uint32_t bf_insns;
};

struct bpf_dltlist32 {
	u_int	bfl_len;
	u_int	bfl_list;
};

#define	BIOCSETF32	_IOW('B', 103, struct bpf_program32)
#define	BIOCSRTIMEOUT32	_IOW('B', 109, struct timeval32)
#define	BIOCGRTIMEOUT32	_IOR('B', 110, struct timeval32)
#define	BIOCGDLTLIST32	_IOWR('B', 121, struct bpf_dltlist32)
#define	BIOCSETWF32	_IOW('B', 123, struct bpf_program32)
#define	BIOCSETFNR32	_IOW('B', 130, struct bpf_program32)
#endif

#define BPF_LOCK()	   sx_xlock(&bpf_sx)
#define BPF_UNLOCK()		sx_xunlock(&bpf_sx)
#define BPF_LOCK_ASSERT()	sx_assert(&bpf_sx, SA_XLOCKED)
/*
 * bpf_iflist is a list of BPF interface structures, each corresponding to a
 * specific DLT. The same network interface might have several BPF interface
 * structures registered by different layers in the stack (i.e., 802.11
 * frames, ethernet frames, etc).
 */
CK_LIST_HEAD(bpf_iflist, bpf_if);
static struct bpf_iflist bpf_iflist;
static struct sx	bpf_sx;		/* bpf global lock */
static int		bpf_bpfd_cnt;

static void	bpfif_ref(struct bpf_if *);
static void	bpfif_rele(struct bpf_if *);

static void	bpfd_ref(struct bpf_d *);
static void	bpfd_rele(struct bpf_d *);
static void	bpf_attachd(struct bpf_d *, struct bpf_if *);
static void	bpf_detachd(struct bpf_d *);
static void	bpf_detachd_locked(struct bpf_d *, bool);
static void	bpfd_free(epoch_context_t);
static int	bpf_movein(struct uio *, int, struct ifnet *, struct mbuf **,
		    struct sockaddr *, int *, struct bpf_d *);
static int	bpf_setif(struct bpf_d *, struct ifreq *);
static void	bpf_timed_out(void *);
static __inline void
		bpf_wakeup(struct bpf_d *);
static void	catchpacket(struct bpf_d *, u_char *, u_int, u_int,
		    void (*)(struct bpf_d *, caddr_t, u_int, void *, u_int),
		    struct bintime *);
static void	reset_d(struct bpf_d *);
static int	bpf_setf(struct bpf_d *, struct bpf_program *, u_long cmd);
static int	bpf_getdltlist(struct bpf_d *, struct bpf_dltlist *);
static int	bpf_setdlt(struct bpf_d *, u_int);
static void	filt_bpfdetach(struct knote *);
static int	filt_bpfread(struct knote *, long);
static void	bpf_drvinit(void *);
static int	bpf_stats_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);

SYSCTL_NODE(_net, OID_AUTO, bpf, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0,
    "bpf sysctl");
int bpf_maxinsns = BPF_MAXINSNS;
SYSCTL_INT(_net_bpf, OID_AUTO, maxinsns, CTLFLAG_RW,
    &bpf_maxinsns, 0, "Maximum bpf program instructions");
static int bpf_zerocopy_enable = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_net_bpf, OID_AUTO, zerocopy_enable, CTLFLAG_RW,
    &bpf_zerocopy_enable, 0, "Enable new zero-copy BPF buffer sessions");
static SYSCTL_NODE(_net_bpf, OID_AUTO, stats, CTLFLAG_MPSAFE | CTLFLAG_RW,
    bpf_stats_sysctl, "bpf statistics portal");

VNET_DEFINE_STATIC(int, bpf_optimize_writers) = 0;
#define	V_bpf_optimize_writers VNET(bpf_optimize_writers)
SYSCTL_INT(_net_bpf, OID_AUTO, optimize_writers, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
    &VNET_NAME(bpf_optimize_writers), 0,
    "Do not send packets until BPF program is set");

static	d_open_t	bpfopen;
static	d_read_t	bpfread;
static	d_write_t	bpfwrite;
static	d_ioctl_t	bpfioctl;
static	d_poll_t	bpfpoll;
static	d_kqfilter_t	bpfkqfilter;

static struct cdevsw bpf_cdevsw = {
	.d_version =	D_VERSION,
	.d_open =	bpfopen,
	.d_read =	bpfread,
	.d_write =	bpfwrite,
	.d_ioctl =	bpfioctl,
	.d_poll =	bpfpoll,
	.d_name =	"bpf",
	.d_kqfilter =	bpfkqfilter,
};

static struct filterops bpfread_filtops = {
	.f_isfd = 1,
	.f_detach = filt_bpfdetach,
	.f_event = filt_bpfread,
};

/*
 * LOCKING MODEL USED BY BPF
 *
 * Locks:
 * 1) global lock (BPF_LOCK). Sx, used to protect some global counters,
 * every bpf_iflist changes, serializes ioctl access to bpf descriptors.
 * 2) Descriptor lock. Mutex, used to protect BPF buffers and various
 * structure fields used by bpf_*tap* code.
 *
 * Lock order: global lock, then descriptor lock.
 *
 * There are several possible consumers:
 *
 * 1. The kernel registers interface pointer with bpfattach().
 * Each call allocates new bpf_if structure, references ifnet pointer
 * and links bpf_if into bpf_iflist chain. This is protected with global
 * lock.
 *
 * 2. An userland application uses ioctl() call to bpf_d descriptor.
 * All such call are serialized with global lock. BPF filters can be
 * changed, but pointer to old filter will be freed using NET_EPOCH_CALL().
 * Thus it should be safe for bpf_tap/bpf_mtap* code to do access to
 * filter pointers, even if change will happen during bpf_tap execution.
 * Destroying of bpf_d descriptor also is doing using NET_EPOCH_CALL().
 *
 * 3. An userland application can write packets into bpf_d descriptor.
 * There we need to be sure, that ifnet won't disappear during bpfwrite().
 *
 * 4. The kernel invokes bpf_tap/bpf_mtap* functions. The access to
 * bif_dlist is protected with net_epoch_preempt section. So, it should
 * be safe to make access to bpf_d descriptor inside the section.
 *
 * 5. The kernel invokes bpfdetach() on interface destroying. All lists
 * are modified with global lock held and actual free() is done using
 * NET_EPOCH_CALL().
 */

static void
bpfif_free(epoch_context_t ctx)
{
	struct bpf_if *bp;

	bp = __containerof(ctx, struct bpf_if, epoch_ctx);
	if_rele(bp->bif_ifp);
	free(bp, M_BPF);
}

static void
bpfif_ref(struct bpf_if *bp)
{

	refcount_acquire(&bp->bif_refcnt);
}

static void
bpfif_rele(struct bpf_if *bp)
{

	if (!refcount_release(&bp->bif_refcnt))
		return;
	NET_EPOCH_CALL(bpfif_free, &bp->epoch_ctx);
}

static void
bpfd_ref(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	refcount_acquire(&d->bd_refcnt);
}

static void
bpfd_rele(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	if (!refcount_release(&d->bd_refcnt))
		return;
	NET_EPOCH_CALL(bpfd_free, &d->epoch_ctx);
}

static struct bpf_program_buffer*
bpf_program_buffer_alloc(size_t size, int flags)
{

	return (malloc(sizeof(struct bpf_program_buffer) + size,
	    M_BPF, flags));
}

static void
bpf_program_buffer_free(epoch_context_t ctx)
{
	struct bpf_program_buffer *ptr;

	ptr = __containerof(ctx, struct bpf_program_buffer, epoch_ctx);
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
	if (ptr->func != NULL)
		bpf_destroy_jit_filter(ptr->func);
#endif
	free(ptr, M_BPF);
}

/*
 * Wrapper functions for various buffering methods.  If the set of buffer
 * modes expands, we will probably want to introduce a switch data structure
 * similar to protosw, et.
 */
static void
bpf_append_bytes(struct bpf_d *d, caddr_t buf, u_int offset, void *src,
    u_int len)
{

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	switch (d->bd_bufmode) {
	case BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER:
		return (bpf_buffer_append_bytes(d, buf, offset, src, len));

	case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
		counter_u64_add(d->bd_zcopy, 1);
		return (bpf_zerocopy_append_bytes(d, buf, offset, src, len));

	default:
		panic("bpf_buf_append_bytes");
	}
}

static void
bpf_append_mbuf(struct bpf_d *d, caddr_t buf, u_int offset, void *src,
    u_int len)
{

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	switch (d->bd_bufmode) {
	case BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER:
		return (bpf_buffer_append_mbuf(d, buf, offset, src, len));

	case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
		counter_u64_add(d->bd_zcopy, 1);
		return (bpf_zerocopy_append_mbuf(d, buf, offset, src, len));

	default:
		panic("bpf_buf_append_mbuf");
	}
}

/*
 * This function gets called when the free buffer is re-assigned.
 */
static void
bpf_buf_reclaimed(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	switch (d->bd_bufmode) {
	case BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER:
		return;

	case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
		bpf_zerocopy_buf_reclaimed(d);
		return;

	default:
		panic("bpf_buf_reclaimed");
	}
}

/*
 * If the buffer mechanism has a way to decide that a held buffer can be made
 * free, then it is exposed via the bpf_canfreebuf() interface.  (1) is
 * returned if the buffer can be discarded, (0) is returned if it cannot.
 */
static int
bpf_canfreebuf(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	switch (d->bd_bufmode) {
	case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
		return (bpf_zerocopy_canfreebuf(d));
	}
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Allow the buffer model to indicate that the current store buffer is
 * immutable, regardless of the appearance of space.  Return (1) if the
 * buffer is writable, and (0) if not.
 */
static int
bpf_canwritebuf(struct bpf_d *d)
{
	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	switch (d->bd_bufmode) {
	case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
		return (bpf_zerocopy_canwritebuf(d));
	}
	return (1);
}

/*
 * Notify buffer model that an attempt to write to the store buffer has
 * resulted in a dropped packet, in which case the buffer may be considered
 * full.
 */
static void
bpf_buffull(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	switch (d->bd_bufmode) {
	case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
		bpf_zerocopy_buffull(d);
		break;
	}
}

/*
 * Notify the buffer model that a buffer has moved into the hold position.
 */
void
bpf_bufheld(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	switch (d->bd_bufmode) {
	case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
		bpf_zerocopy_bufheld(d);
		break;
	}
}

static void
bpf_free(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	switch (d->bd_bufmode) {
	case BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER:
		return (bpf_buffer_free(d));

	case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
		return (bpf_zerocopy_free(d));

	default:
		panic("bpf_buf_free");
	}
}

static int
bpf_uiomove(struct bpf_d *d, caddr_t buf, u_int len, struct uio *uio)
{

	if (d->bd_bufmode != BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER)
		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
	return (bpf_buffer_uiomove(d, buf, len, uio));
}

static int
bpf_ioctl_sblen(struct bpf_d *d, u_int *i)
{

	if (d->bd_bufmode != BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER)
		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
	return (bpf_buffer_ioctl_sblen(d, i));
}

static int
bpf_ioctl_getzmax(struct thread *td, struct bpf_d *d, size_t *i)
{

	if (d->bd_bufmode != BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF)
		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
	return (bpf_zerocopy_ioctl_getzmax(td, d, i));
}

static int
bpf_ioctl_rotzbuf(struct thread *td, struct bpf_d *d, struct bpf_zbuf *bz)
{

	if (d->bd_bufmode != BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF)
		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
	return (bpf_zerocopy_ioctl_rotzbuf(td, d, bz));
}

static int
bpf_ioctl_setzbuf(struct thread *td, struct bpf_d *d, struct bpf_zbuf *bz)
{

	if (d->bd_bufmode != BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF)
		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
	return (bpf_zerocopy_ioctl_setzbuf(td, d, bz));
}

/*
 * General BPF functions.
 */
static int
bpf_movein(struct uio *uio, int linktype, struct ifnet *ifp, struct mbuf **mp,
    struct sockaddr *sockp, int *hdrlen, struct bpf_d *d)
{
	const struct ieee80211_bpf_params *p;
	struct ether_header *eh;
	struct mbuf *m;
	int error;
	int len;
	int hlen;
	int slen;

	/*
	 * Build a sockaddr based on the data link layer type.
	 * We do this at this level because the ethernet header
	 * is copied directly into the data field of the sockaddr.
	 * In the case of SLIP, there is no header and the packet
	 * is forwarded as is.
	 * Also, we are careful to leave room at the front of the mbuf
	 * for the link level header.
	 */
	switch (linktype) {
	case DLT_SLIP:
		sockp->sa_family = AF_INET;
		hlen = 0;
		break;

	case DLT_EN10MB:
		sockp->sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
		/* XXX Would MAXLINKHDR be better? */
		hlen = ETHER_HDR_LEN;
		break;

	case DLT_FDDI:
		sockp->sa_family = AF_IMPLINK;
		hlen = 0;
		break;

	case DLT_RAW:
		sockp->sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
		hlen = 0;
		break;

	case DLT_NULL:
		/*
		 * null interface types require a 4 byte pseudo header which
		 * corresponds to the address family of the packet.
		 */
		sockp->sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
		hlen = 4;
		break;

	case DLT_ATM_RFC1483:
		/*
		 * en atm driver requires 4-byte atm pseudo header.
		 * though it isn't standard, vpi:vci needs to be
		 * specified anyway.
		 */
		sockp->sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
		hlen = 12;	/* XXX 4(ATM_PH) + 3(LLC) + 5(SNAP) */
		break;

	case DLT_PPP:
		sockp->sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
		hlen = 4;	/* This should match PPP_HDRLEN */
		break;

	case DLT_IEEE802_11:		/* IEEE 802.11 wireless */
		sockp->sa_family = AF_IEEE80211;
		hlen = 0;
		break;

	case DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO:	/* IEEE 802.11 wireless w/ phy params */
		sockp->sa_family = AF_IEEE80211;
		sockp->sa_len = 12;	/* XXX != 0 */
		hlen = sizeof(struct ieee80211_bpf_params);
		break;

	default:
		return (EIO);
	}

	len = uio->uio_resid;
	if (len < hlen || len - hlen > ifp->if_mtu)
		return (EMSGSIZE);

	/* Allocate a mbuf for our write, since m_get2 fails if len >= to MJUMPAGESIZE, use m_getjcl for bigger buffers */
	m = m_get3(len, M_WAITOK, MT_DATA, M_PKTHDR);
	if (m == NULL)
		return (EIO);
	m->m_pkthdr.len = m->m_len = len;
	*mp = m;

	error = uiomove(mtod(m, u_char *), len, uio);
	if (error)
		goto bad;

	slen = bpf_filter(d->bd_wfilter, mtod(m, u_char *), len, len);
	if (slen == 0) {
		error = EPERM;
		goto bad;
	}

	/* Check for multicast destination */
	switch (linktype) {
	case DLT_EN10MB:
		eh = mtod(m, struct ether_header *);
		if (ETHER_IS_MULTICAST(eh->ether_dhost)) {
			if (bcmp(ifp->if_broadcastaddr, eh->ether_dhost,
			    ETHER_ADDR_LEN) == 0)
				m->m_flags |= M_BCAST;
			else
				m->m_flags |= M_MCAST;
		}
		if (d->bd_hdrcmplt == 0) {
			memcpy(eh->ether_shost, IF_LLADDR(ifp),
			    sizeof(eh->ether_shost));
		}
		break;
	}

	/*
	 * Make room for link header, and copy it to sockaddr
	 */
	if (hlen != 0) {
		if (sockp->sa_family == AF_IEEE80211) {
			/*
			 * Collect true length from the parameter header
			 * NB: sockp is known to be zero'd so if we do a
			 *     short copy unspecified parameters will be
			 *     zero.
			 * NB: packet may not be aligned after stripping
			 *     bpf params
			 * XXX check ibp_vers
			 */
			p = mtod(m, const struct ieee80211_bpf_params *);
			hlen = p->ibp_len;
			if (hlen > sizeof(sockp->sa_data)) {
				error = EINVAL;
				goto bad;
			}
		}
		bcopy(mtod(m, const void *), sockp->sa_data, hlen);
	}
	*hdrlen = hlen;

	return (0);
bad:
	m_freem(m);
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Attach descriptor to the bpf interface, i.e. make d listen on bp,
 * then reset its buffers and counters with reset_d().
 */
static void
bpf_attachd(struct bpf_d *d, struct bpf_if *bp)
{
	int op_w;

	BPF_LOCK_ASSERT();

	/*
	 * Save sysctl value to protect from sysctl change
	 * between reads
	 */
	op_w = V_bpf_optimize_writers || d->bd_writer;

	if (d->bd_bif != NULL)
		bpf_detachd_locked(d, false);
	/*
	 * Point d at bp, and add d to the interface's list.
	 * Since there are many applications using BPF for
	 * sending raw packets only (dhcpd, cdpd are good examples)
	 * we can delay adding d to the list of active listeners until
	 * some filter is configured.
	 */

	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	/*
	 * Hold reference to bpif while descriptor uses this interface.
	 */
	bpfif_ref(bp);
	d->bd_bif = bp;
	if (op_w != 0) {
		/* Add to writers-only list */
		CK_LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bp->bif_wlist, d, bd_next);
		/*
		 * We decrement bd_writer on every filter set operation.
		 * First BIOCSETF is done by pcap_open_live() to set up
		 * snap length. After that appliation usually sets its own
		 * filter.
		 */
		d->bd_writer = 2;
	} else
		CK_LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bp->bif_dlist, d, bd_next);

	reset_d(d);
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
	bpf_bpfd_cnt++;

	CTR3(KTR_NET, "%s: bpf_attach called by pid %d, adding to %s list",
	    __func__, d->bd_pid, d->bd_writer ? "writer" : "active");

	if (op_w == 0)
		EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(bpf_track, bp->bif_ifp, bp->bif_dlt, 1);
}

/*
 * Check if we need to upgrade our descriptor @d from write-only mode.
 */
static int
bpf_check_upgrade(u_long cmd, struct bpf_d *d, struct bpf_insn *fcode,
    int flen)
{
	int is_snap, need_upgrade;

	/*
	 * Check if we've already upgraded or new filter is empty.
	 */
	if (d->bd_writer == 0 || fcode == NULL)
		return (0);

	need_upgrade = 0;

	/*
	 * Check if cmd looks like snaplen setting from
	 * pcap_bpf.c:pcap_open_live().
	 * Note we're not checking .k value here:
	 * while pcap_open_live() definitely sets to non-zero value,
	 * we'd prefer to treat k=0 (deny ALL) case the same way: e.g.
	 * do not consider upgrading immediately
	 */
	if (cmd == BIOCSETF && flen == 1 &&
	    fcode[0].code == (BPF_RET | BPF_K))
		is_snap = 1;
	else
		is_snap = 0;

	if (is_snap == 0) {
		/*
		 * We're setting first filter and it doesn't look like
		 * setting snaplen.  We're probably using bpf directly.
		 * Upgrade immediately.
		 */
		need_upgrade = 1;
	} else {
		/*
		 * Do not require upgrade by first BIOCSETF
		 * (used to set snaplen) by pcap_open_live().
		 */

		if (--d->bd_writer == 0) {
			/*
			 * First snaplen filter has already
			 * been set. This is probably catch-all
			 * filter
			 */
			need_upgrade = 1;
		}
	}

	CTR5(KTR_NET,
	    "%s: filter function set by pid %d, "
	    "bd_writer counter %d, snap %d upgrade %d",
	    __func__, d->bd_pid, d->bd_writer,
	    is_snap, need_upgrade);

	return (need_upgrade);
}

/*
 * Detach a file from its interface.
 */
static void
bpf_detachd(struct bpf_d *d)
{
	BPF_LOCK();
	bpf_detachd_locked(d, false);
	BPF_UNLOCK();
}

static void
bpf_detachd_locked(struct bpf_d *d, bool detached_ifp)
{
	struct bpf_if *bp;
	struct ifnet *ifp;
	int error;

	BPF_LOCK_ASSERT();
	CTR2(KTR_NET, "%s: detach required by pid %d", __func__, d->bd_pid);

	/* Check if descriptor is attached */
	if ((bp = d->bd_bif) == NULL)
		return;

	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	/* Remove d from the interface's descriptor list. */
	CK_LIST_REMOVE(d, bd_next);
	/* Save bd_writer value */
	error = d->bd_writer;
	ifp = bp->bif_ifp;
	d->bd_bif = NULL;
	if (detached_ifp) {
		/*
		 * Notify descriptor as it's detached, so that any
		 * sleepers wake up and get ENXIO.
		 */
		bpf_wakeup(d);
	}
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
	bpf_bpfd_cnt--;

	/* Call event handler iff d is attached */
	if (error == 0)
		EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(bpf_track, ifp, bp->bif_dlt, 0);

	/*
	 * Check if this descriptor had requested promiscuous mode.
	 * If so and ifnet is not detached, turn it off.
	 */
	if (d->bd_promisc && !detached_ifp) {
		d->bd_promisc = 0;
		CURVNET_SET(ifp->if_vnet);
		error = ifpromisc(ifp, 0);
		CURVNET_RESTORE();
		if (error != 0 && error != ENXIO) {
			/*
			 * ENXIO can happen if a pccard is unplugged
			 * Something is really wrong if we were able to put
			 * the driver into promiscuous mode, but can't
			 * take it out.
			 */
			if_printf(bp->bif_ifp,
				"bpf_detach: ifpromisc failed (%d)\n", error);
		}
	}
	bpfif_rele(bp);
}

/*
 * Close the descriptor by detaching it from its interface,
 * deallocating its buffers, and marking it free.
 */
static void
bpf_dtor(void *data)
{
	struct bpf_d *d = data;

	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	if (d->bd_state == BPF_WAITING)
		callout_stop(&d->bd_callout);
	d->bd_state = BPF_IDLE;
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
	funsetown(&d->bd_sigio);
	bpf_detachd(d);
#ifdef MAC
	mac_bpfdesc_destroy(d);
#endif /* MAC */
	seldrain(&d->bd_sel);
	knlist_destroy(&d->bd_sel.si_note);
	callout_drain(&d->bd_callout);
	bpfd_rele(d);
}

/*
 * Open ethernet device.  Returns ENXIO for illegal minor device number,
 * EBUSY if file is open by another process.
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
static	int
bpfopen(struct cdev *dev, int flags, int fmt, struct thread *td)
{
	struct bpf_d *d;
	int error;

	d = malloc(sizeof(*d), M_BPF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	error = devfs_set_cdevpriv(d, bpf_dtor);
	if (error != 0) {
		free(d, M_BPF);
		return (error);
	}

	/* Setup counters */
	d->bd_rcount = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
	d->bd_dcount = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
	d->bd_fcount = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
	d->bd_wcount = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
	d->bd_wfcount = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
	d->bd_wdcount = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
	d->bd_zcopy = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);

	/*
	 * For historical reasons, perform a one-time initialization call to
	 * the buffer routines, even though we're not yet committed to a
	 * particular buffer method.
	 */
	bpf_buffer_init(d);
	if ((flags & FREAD) == 0)
		d->bd_writer = 2;
	d->bd_hbuf_in_use = 0;
	d->bd_bufmode = BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER;
	d->bd_sig = SIGIO;
	d->bd_direction = BPF_D_INOUT;
	d->bd_refcnt = 1;
	BPF_PID_REFRESH(d, td);
#ifdef MAC
	mac_bpfdesc_init(d);
	mac_bpfdesc_create(td->td_ucred, d);
#endif
	mtx_init(&d->bd_lock, devtoname(dev), "bpf cdev lock", MTX_DEF);
	callout_init_mtx(&d->bd_callout, &d->bd_lock, 0);
	knlist_init_mtx(&d->bd_sel.si_note, &d->bd_lock);

	/* Disable VLAN pcp tagging. */
	d->bd_pcp = 0;

	return (0);
}

/*
 *  bpfread - read next chunk of packets from buffers
 */
static	int
bpfread(struct cdev *dev, struct uio *uio, int ioflag)
{
	struct bpf_d *d;
	int error;
	int non_block;
	int timed_out;

	error = devfs_get_cdevpriv((void **)&d);
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);

	/*
	 * Restrict application to use a buffer the same size as
	 * as kernel buffers.
	 */
	if (uio->uio_resid != d->bd_bufsize)
		return (EINVAL);

	non_block = ((ioflag & O_NONBLOCK) != 0);

	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	BPF_PID_REFRESH_CUR(d);
	if (d->bd_bufmode != BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER) {
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
	}
	if (d->bd_state == BPF_WAITING)
		callout_stop(&d->bd_callout);
	timed_out = (d->bd_state == BPF_TIMED_OUT);
	d->bd_state = BPF_IDLE;
	while (d->bd_hbuf_in_use) {
		error = mtx_sleep(&d->bd_hbuf_in_use, &d->bd_lock,
		    PRINET|PCATCH, "bd_hbuf", 0);
		if (error != 0) {
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
			return (error);
		}
	}
	/*
	 * If the hold buffer is empty, then do a timed sleep, which
	 * ends when the timeout expires or when enough packets
	 * have arrived to fill the store buffer.
	 */
	while (d->bd_hbuf == NULL) {
		if (d->bd_slen != 0) {
			/*
			 * A packet(s) either arrived since the previous
			 * read or arrived while we were asleep.
			 */
			if (d->bd_immediate || non_block || timed_out) {
				/*
				 * Rotate the buffers and return what's here
				 * if we are in immediate mode, non-blocking
				 * flag is set, or this descriptor timed out.
				 */
				ROTATE_BUFFERS(d);
				break;
			}
		}

		/*
		 * No data is available, check to see if the bpf device
		 * is still pointed at a real interface.  If not, return
		 * ENXIO so that the userland process knows to rebind
		 * it before using it again.
		 */
		if (d->bd_bif == NULL) {
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
			return (ENXIO);
		}

		if (non_block) {
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
			return (EWOULDBLOCK);
		}
		error = msleep(d, &d->bd_lock, PRINET|PCATCH,
		     "bpf", d->bd_rtout);
		if (error == EINTR || error == ERESTART) {
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
			return (error);
		}
		if (error == EWOULDBLOCK) {
			/*
			 * On a timeout, return what's in the buffer,
			 * which may be nothing.  If there is something
			 * in the store buffer, we can rotate the buffers.
			 */
			if (d->bd_hbuf)
				/*
				 * We filled up the buffer in between
				 * getting the timeout and arriving
				 * here, so we don't need to rotate.
				 */
				break;

			if (d->bd_slen == 0) {
				BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
				return (0);
			}
			ROTATE_BUFFERS(d);
			break;
		}
	}
	/*
	 * At this point, we know we have something in the hold slot.
	 */
	d->bd_hbuf_in_use = 1;
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);

	/*
	 * Move data from hold buffer into user space.
	 * We know the entire buffer is transferred since
	 * we checked above that the read buffer is bpf_bufsize bytes.
  	 *
	 * We do not have to worry about simultaneous reads because
	 * we waited for sole access to the hold buffer above.
	 */
	error = bpf_uiomove(d, d->bd_hbuf, d->bd_hlen, uio);

	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	KASSERT(d->bd_hbuf != NULL, ("bpfread: lost bd_hbuf"));
	d->bd_fbuf = d->bd_hbuf;
	d->bd_hbuf = NULL;
	d->bd_hlen = 0;
	bpf_buf_reclaimed(d);
	d->bd_hbuf_in_use = 0;
	wakeup(&d->bd_hbuf_in_use);
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);

	return (error);
}

/*
 * If there are processes sleeping on this descriptor, wake them up.
 */
static __inline void
bpf_wakeup(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);
	if (d->bd_state == BPF_WAITING) {
		callout_stop(&d->bd_callout);
		d->bd_state = BPF_IDLE;
	}
	wakeup(d);
	if (d->bd_async && d->bd_sig && d->bd_sigio)
		pgsigio(&d->bd_sigio, d->bd_sig, 0);

	selwakeuppri(&d->bd_sel, PRINET);
	KNOTE_LOCKED(&d->bd_sel.si_note, 0);
}

static void
bpf_timed_out(void *arg)
{
	struct bpf_d *d = (struct bpf_d *)arg;

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	if (callout_pending(&d->bd_callout) ||
	    !callout_active(&d->bd_callout))
		return;
	if (d->bd_state == BPF_WAITING) {
		d->bd_state = BPF_TIMED_OUT;
		if (d->bd_slen != 0)
			bpf_wakeup(d);
	}
}

static int
bpf_ready(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	if (!bpf_canfreebuf(d) && d->bd_hlen != 0)
		return (1);
	if ((d->bd_immediate || d->bd_state == BPF_TIMED_OUT) &&
	    d->bd_slen != 0)
		return (1);
	return (0);
}

static int
bpfwrite(struct cdev *dev, struct uio *uio, int ioflag)
{
	struct route ro;
	struct sockaddr dst;
	struct epoch_tracker et;
	struct bpf_if *bp;
	struct bpf_d *d;
	struct ifnet *ifp;
	struct mbuf *m, *mc;
	int error, hlen;

	error = devfs_get_cdevpriv((void **)&d);
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);

	NET_EPOCH_ENTER(et);
	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	BPF_PID_REFRESH_CUR(d);
	counter_u64_add(d->bd_wcount, 1);
	if ((bp = d->bd_bif) == NULL) {
		error = ENXIO;
		goto out_locked;
	}

	ifp = bp->bif_ifp;
	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_UP) == 0) {
		error = ENETDOWN;
		goto out_locked;
	}

	if (uio->uio_resid == 0)
		goto out_locked;

	bzero(&dst, sizeof(dst));
	m = NULL;
	hlen = 0;

	/*
	 * Take extra reference, unlock d and exit from epoch section,
	 * since bpf_movein() can sleep.
	 */
	bpfd_ref(d);
	NET_EPOCH_EXIT(et);
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);

	error = bpf_movein(uio, (int)bp->bif_dlt, ifp,
	    &m, &dst, &hlen, d);

	if (error != 0) {
		counter_u64_add(d->bd_wdcount, 1);
		bpfd_rele(d);
		return (error);
	}

	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	/*
	 * Check that descriptor is still attached to the interface.
	 * This can happen on bpfdetach(). To avoid access to detached
	 * ifnet, free mbuf and return ENXIO.
	 */
	if (d->bd_bif == NULL) {
		counter_u64_add(d->bd_wdcount, 1);
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		bpfd_rele(d);
		m_freem(m);
		return (ENXIO);
	}
	counter_u64_add(d->bd_wfcount, 1);
	if (d->bd_hdrcmplt)
		dst.sa_family = pseudo_AF_HDRCMPLT;

	if (d->bd_feedback) {
		mc = m_dup(m, M_NOWAIT);
		if (mc != NULL)
			mc->m_pkthdr.rcvif = ifp;
		/* Set M_PROMISC for outgoing packets to be discarded. */
		if (d->bd_direction == BPF_D_INOUT)
			m->m_flags |= M_PROMISC;
	} else
		mc = NULL;

	m->m_pkthdr.len -= hlen;
	m->m_len -= hlen;
	m->m_data += hlen;	/* XXX */

	CURVNET_SET(ifp->if_vnet);
#ifdef MAC
	mac_bpfdesc_create_mbuf(d, m);
	if (mc != NULL)
		mac_bpfdesc_create_mbuf(d, mc);
#endif

	bzero(&ro, sizeof(ro));
	if (hlen != 0) {
		ro.ro_prepend = (u_char *)&dst.sa_data;
		ro.ro_plen = hlen;
		ro.ro_flags = RT_HAS_HEADER;
	}

	if (d->bd_pcp != 0)
		vlan_set_pcp(m, d->bd_pcp);

	/* Avoid possible recursion on BPFD_LOCK(). */
	NET_EPOCH_ENTER(et);
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
	error = (*ifp->if_output)(ifp, m, &dst, &ro);
	if (error)
		counter_u64_add(d->bd_wdcount, 1);

	if (mc != NULL) {
		if (error == 0)
			(*ifp->if_input)(ifp, mc);
		else
			m_freem(mc);
	}
	NET_EPOCH_EXIT(et);
	CURVNET_RESTORE();
	bpfd_rele(d);
	return (error);

out_locked:
	counter_u64_add(d->bd_wdcount, 1);
	NET_EPOCH_EXIT(et);
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Reset a descriptor by flushing its packet buffer and clearing the receive
 * and drop counts.  This is doable for kernel-only buffers, but with
 * zero-copy buffers, we can't write to (or rotate) buffers that are
 * currently owned by userspace.  It would be nice if we could encapsulate
 * this logic in the buffer code rather than here.
 */
static void
reset_d(struct bpf_d *d)
{

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);

	while (d->bd_hbuf_in_use)
		mtx_sleep(&d->bd_hbuf_in_use, &d->bd_lock, PRINET,
		    "bd_hbuf", 0);
	if ((d->bd_hbuf != NULL) &&
	    (d->bd_bufmode != BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF || bpf_canfreebuf(d))) {
		/* Free the hold buffer. */
		d->bd_fbuf = d->bd_hbuf;
		d->bd_hbuf = NULL;
		d->bd_hlen = 0;
		bpf_buf_reclaimed(d);
	}
	if (bpf_canwritebuf(d))
		d->bd_slen = 0;
	counter_u64_zero(d->bd_rcount);
	counter_u64_zero(d->bd_dcount);
	counter_u64_zero(d->bd_fcount);
	counter_u64_zero(d->bd_wcount);
	counter_u64_zero(d->bd_wfcount);
	counter_u64_zero(d->bd_wdcount);
	counter_u64_zero(d->bd_zcopy);
}

/*
 *  FIONREAD		Check for read packet available.
 *  BIOCGBLEN		Get buffer len [for read()].
 *  BIOCSETF		Set read filter.
 *  BIOCSETFNR		Set read filter without resetting descriptor.
 *  BIOCSETWF		Set write filter.
 *  BIOCFLUSH		Flush read packet buffer.
 *  BIOCPROMISC		Put interface into promiscuous mode.
 *  BIOCGDLT		Get link layer type.
 *  BIOCGETIF		Get interface name.
 *  BIOCSETIF		Set interface.
 *  BIOCSRTIMEOUT	Set read timeout.
 *  BIOCGRTIMEOUT	Get read timeout.
 *  BIOCGSTATS		Get packet stats.
 *  BIOCIMMEDIATE	Set immediate mode.
 *  BIOCVERSION		Get filter language version.
 *  BIOCGHDRCMPLT	Get "header already complete" flag
 *  BIOCSHDRCMPLT	Set "header already complete" flag
 *  BIOCGDIRECTION	Get packet direction flag
 *  BIOCSDIRECTION	Set packet direction flag
 *  BIOCGTSTAMP		Get time stamp format and resolution.
 *  BIOCSTSTAMP		Set time stamp format and resolution.
 *  BIOCLOCK		Set "locked" flag
 *  BIOCFEEDBACK	Set packet feedback mode.
 *  BIOCSETZBUF		Set current zero-copy buffer locations.
 *  BIOCGETZMAX		Get maximum zero-copy buffer size.
 *  BIOCROTZBUF		Force rotation of zero-copy buffer
 *  BIOCSETBUFMODE	Set buffer mode.
 *  BIOCGETBUFMODE	Get current buffer mode.
 *  BIOCSETVLANPCP	Set VLAN PCP tag.
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
static	int
bpfioctl(struct cdev *dev, u_long cmd, caddr_t addr, int flags,
    struct thread *td)
{
	struct bpf_d *d;
	int error;

	error = devfs_get_cdevpriv((void **)&d);
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);

	/*
	 * Refresh PID associated with this descriptor.
	 */
	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	BPF_PID_REFRESH(d, td);
	if (d->bd_state == BPF_WAITING)
		callout_stop(&d->bd_callout);
	d->bd_state = BPF_IDLE;
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);

	if (d->bd_locked == 1) {
		switch (cmd) {
		case BIOCGBLEN:
		case BIOCFLUSH:
		case BIOCGDLT:
		case BIOCGDLTLIST:
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
		case BIOCGDLTLIST32:
#endif
		case BIOCGETIF:
		case BIOCGRTIMEOUT:
#if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && defined(__amd64__)
		case BIOCGRTIMEOUT32:
#endif
		case BIOCGSTATS:
		case BIOCVERSION:
		case BIOCGRSIG:
		case BIOCGHDRCMPLT:
		case BIOCSTSTAMP:
		case BIOCFEEDBACK:
		case FIONREAD:
		case BIOCLOCK:
		case BIOCSRTIMEOUT:
#if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && defined(__amd64__)
		case BIOCSRTIMEOUT32:
#endif
		case BIOCIMMEDIATE:
		case TIOCGPGRP:
		case BIOCROTZBUF:
			break;
		default:
			return (EPERM);
		}
	}
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
	/*
	 * If we see a 32-bit compat ioctl, mark the stream as 32-bit so
	 * that it will get 32-bit packet headers.
	 */
	switch (cmd) {
	case BIOCSETF32:
	case BIOCSETFNR32:
	case BIOCSETWF32:
	case BIOCGDLTLIST32:
	case BIOCGRTIMEOUT32:
	case BIOCSRTIMEOUT32:
		if (SV_PROC_FLAG(td->td_proc, SV_ILP32)) {
			BPFD_LOCK(d);
			d->bd_compat32 = 1;
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		}
	}
#endif

	CURVNET_SET(TD_TO_VNET(td));
	switch (cmd) {
	default:
		error = EINVAL;
		break;

	/*
	 * Check for read packet available.
	 */
	case FIONREAD:
		{
			int n;

			BPFD_LOCK(d);
			n = d->bd_slen;
			while (d->bd_hbuf_in_use)
				mtx_sleep(&d->bd_hbuf_in_use, &d->bd_lock,
				    PRINET, "bd_hbuf", 0);
			if (d->bd_hbuf)
				n += d->bd_hlen;
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);

			*(int *)addr = n;
			break;
		}

	/*
	 * Get buffer len [for read()].
	 */
	case BIOCGBLEN:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		*(u_int *)addr = d->bd_bufsize;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	/*
	 * Set buffer length.
	 */
	case BIOCSBLEN:
		error = bpf_ioctl_sblen(d, (u_int *)addr);
		break;

	/*
	 * Set link layer read filter.
	 */
	case BIOCSETF:
	case BIOCSETFNR:
	case BIOCSETWF:
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
	case BIOCSETF32:
	case BIOCSETFNR32:
	case BIOCSETWF32:
#endif
		error = bpf_setf(d, (struct bpf_program *)addr, cmd);
		break;

	/*
	 * Flush read packet buffer.
	 */
	case BIOCFLUSH:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		reset_d(d);
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	/*
	 * Put interface into promiscuous mode.
	 */
	case BIOCPROMISC:
		if (d->bd_bif == NULL) {
			/*
			 * No interface attached yet.
			 */
			error = EINVAL;
			break;
		}
		if (d->bd_promisc == 0) {
			error = ifpromisc(d->bd_bif->bif_ifp, 1);
			if (error == 0)
				d->bd_promisc = 1;
		}
		break;

	/*
	 * Get current data link type.
	 */
	case BIOCGDLT:
		BPF_LOCK();
		if (d->bd_bif == NULL)
			error = EINVAL;
		else
			*(u_int *)addr = d->bd_bif->bif_dlt;
		BPF_UNLOCK();
		break;

	/*
	 * Get a list of supported data link types.
	 */
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
	case BIOCGDLTLIST32:
		{
			struct bpf_dltlist32 *list32;
			struct bpf_dltlist dltlist;

			list32 = (struct bpf_dltlist32 *)addr;
			dltlist.bfl_len = list32->bfl_len;
			dltlist.bfl_list = PTRIN(list32->bfl_list);
			BPF_LOCK();
			if (d->bd_bif == NULL)
				error = EINVAL;
			else {
				error = bpf_getdltlist(d, &dltlist);
				if (error == 0)
					list32->bfl_len = dltlist.bfl_len;
			}
			BPF_UNLOCK();
			break;
		}
#endif

	case BIOCGDLTLIST:
		BPF_LOCK();
		if (d->bd_bif == NULL)
			error = EINVAL;
		else
			error = bpf_getdltlist(d, (struct bpf_dltlist *)addr);
		BPF_UNLOCK();
		break;

	/*
	 * Set data link type.
	 */
	case BIOCSDLT:
		BPF_LOCK();
		if (d->bd_bif == NULL)
			error = EINVAL;
		else
			error = bpf_setdlt(d, *(u_int *)addr);
		BPF_UNLOCK();
		break;

	/*
	 * Get interface name.
	 */
	case BIOCGETIF:
		BPF_LOCK();
		if (d->bd_bif == NULL)
			error = EINVAL;
		else {
			struct ifnet *const ifp = d->bd_bif->bif_ifp;
			struct ifreq *const ifr = (struct ifreq *)addr;

			strlcpy(ifr->ifr_name, ifp->if_xname,
			    sizeof(ifr->ifr_name));
		}
		BPF_UNLOCK();
		break;

	/*
	 * Set interface.
	 */
	case BIOCSETIF:
		{
			int alloc_buf, size;

			/*
			 * Behavior here depends on the buffering model.  If
			 * we're using kernel memory buffers, then we can
			 * allocate them here.  If we're using zero-copy,
			 * then the user process must have registered buffers
			 * by the time we get here.
			 */
			alloc_buf = 0;
			BPFD_LOCK(d);
			if (d->bd_bufmode == BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER &&
			    d->bd_sbuf == NULL)
				alloc_buf = 1;
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
			if (alloc_buf) {
				size = d->bd_bufsize;
				error = bpf_buffer_ioctl_sblen(d, &size);
				if (error != 0)
					break;
			}
			BPF_LOCK();
			error = bpf_setif(d, (struct ifreq *)addr);
			BPF_UNLOCK();
			break;
		}

	/*
	 * Set read timeout.
	 */
	case BIOCSRTIMEOUT:
#if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && defined(__amd64__)
	case BIOCSRTIMEOUT32:
#endif
		{
			struct timeval *tv = (struct timeval *)addr;
#if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && !defined(__mips__)
			struct timeval32 *tv32;
			struct timeval tv64;

			if (cmd == BIOCSRTIMEOUT32) {
				tv32 = (struct timeval32 *)addr;
				tv = &tv64;
				tv->tv_sec = tv32->tv_sec;
				tv->tv_usec = tv32->tv_usec;
			} else
#endif
				tv = (struct timeval *)addr;

			/*
			 * Subtract 1 tick from tvtohz() since this isn't
			 * a one-shot timer.
			 */
			if ((error = itimerfix(tv)) == 0)
				d->bd_rtout = tvtohz(tv) - 1;
			break;
		}

	/*
	 * Get read timeout.
	 */
	case BIOCGRTIMEOUT:
#if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && defined(__amd64__)
	case BIOCGRTIMEOUT32:
#endif
		{
			struct timeval *tv;
#if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && defined(__amd64__)
			struct timeval32 *tv32;
			struct timeval tv64;

			if (cmd == BIOCGRTIMEOUT32)
				tv = &tv64;
			else
#endif
				tv = (struct timeval *)addr;

			tv->tv_sec = d->bd_rtout / hz;
			tv->tv_usec = (d->bd_rtout % hz) * tick;
#if defined(COMPAT_FREEBSD32) && defined(__amd64__)
			if (cmd == BIOCGRTIMEOUT32) {
				tv32 = (struct timeval32 *)addr;
				tv32->tv_sec = tv->tv_sec;
				tv32->tv_usec = tv->tv_usec;
			}
#endif

			break;
		}

	/*
	 * Get packet stats.
	 */
	case BIOCGSTATS:
		{
			struct bpf_stat *bs = (struct bpf_stat *)addr;

			/* XXXCSJP overflow */
			bs->bs_recv = (u_int)counter_u64_fetch(d->bd_rcount);
			bs->bs_drop = (u_int)counter_u64_fetch(d->bd_dcount);
			break;
		}

	/*
	 * Set immediate mode.
	 */
	case BIOCIMMEDIATE:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		d->bd_immediate = *(u_int *)addr;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	case BIOCVERSION:
		{
			struct bpf_version *bv = (struct bpf_version *)addr;

			bv->bv_major = BPF_MAJOR_VERSION;
			bv->bv_minor = BPF_MINOR_VERSION;
			break;
		}

	/*
	 * Get "header already complete" flag
	 */
	case BIOCGHDRCMPLT:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		*(u_int *)addr = d->bd_hdrcmplt;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	/*
	 * Set "header already complete" flag
	 */
	case BIOCSHDRCMPLT:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		d->bd_hdrcmplt = *(u_int *)addr ? 1 : 0;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	/*
	 * Get packet direction flag
	 */
	case BIOCGDIRECTION:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		*(u_int *)addr = d->bd_direction;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	/*
	 * Set packet direction flag
	 */
	case BIOCSDIRECTION:
		{
			u_int	direction;

			direction = *(u_int *)addr;
			switch (direction) {
			case BPF_D_IN:
			case BPF_D_INOUT:
			case BPF_D_OUT:
				BPFD_LOCK(d);
				d->bd_direction = direction;
				BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
				break;
			default:
				error = EINVAL;
			}
		}
		break;

	/*
	 * Get packet timestamp format and resolution.
	 */
	case BIOCGTSTAMP:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		*(u_int *)addr = d->bd_tstamp;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	/*
	 * Set packet timestamp format and resolution.
	 */
	case BIOCSTSTAMP:
		{
			u_int	func;

			func = *(u_int *)addr;
			if (BPF_T_VALID(func))
				d->bd_tstamp = func;
			else
				error = EINVAL;
		}
		break;

	case BIOCFEEDBACK:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		d->bd_feedback = *(u_int *)addr;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	case BIOCLOCK:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		d->bd_locked = 1;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	case FIONBIO:		/* Non-blocking I/O */
		break;

	case FIOASYNC:		/* Send signal on receive packets */
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		d->bd_async = *(int *)addr;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	case FIOSETOWN:
		/*
		 * XXX: Add some sort of locking here?
		 * fsetown() can sleep.
		 */
		error = fsetown(*(int *)addr, &d->bd_sigio);
		break;

	case FIOGETOWN:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		*(int *)addr = fgetown(&d->bd_sigio);
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	/* This is deprecated, FIOSETOWN should be used instead. */
	case TIOCSPGRP:
		error = fsetown(-(*(int *)addr), &d->bd_sigio);
		break;

	/* This is deprecated, FIOGETOWN should be used instead. */
	case TIOCGPGRP:
		*(int *)addr = -fgetown(&d->bd_sigio);
		break;

	case BIOCSRSIG:		/* Set receive signal */
		{
			u_int sig;

			sig = *(u_int *)addr;

			if (sig >= NSIG)
				error = EINVAL;
			else {
				BPFD_LOCK(d);
				d->bd_sig = sig;
				BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
			}
			break;
		}
	case BIOCGRSIG:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		*(u_int *)addr = d->bd_sig;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	case BIOCGETBUFMODE:
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		*(u_int *)addr = d->bd_bufmode;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	case BIOCSETBUFMODE:
		/*
		 * Allow the buffering mode to be changed as long as we
		 * haven't yet committed to a particular mode.  Our
		 * definition of commitment, for now, is whether or not a
		 * buffer has been allocated or an interface attached, since
		 * that's the point where things get tricky.
		 */
		switch (*(u_int *)addr) {
		case BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER:
			break;

		case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
			if (bpf_zerocopy_enable)
				break;
			/* FALLSTHROUGH */

		default:
			CURVNET_RESTORE();
			return (EINVAL);
		}

		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		if (d->bd_sbuf != NULL || d->bd_hbuf != NULL ||
		    d->bd_fbuf != NULL || d->bd_bif != NULL) {
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
			CURVNET_RESTORE();
			return (EBUSY);
		}
		d->bd_bufmode = *(u_int *)addr;
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		break;

	case BIOCGETZMAX:
		error = bpf_ioctl_getzmax(td, d, (size_t *)addr);
		break;

	case BIOCSETZBUF:
		error = bpf_ioctl_setzbuf(td, d, (struct bpf_zbuf *)addr);
		break;

	case BIOCROTZBUF:
		error = bpf_ioctl_rotzbuf(td, d, (struct bpf_zbuf *)addr);
		break;

	case BIOCSETVLANPCP:
		{
			u_int pcp;

			pcp = *(u_int *)addr;
			if (pcp > BPF_PRIO_MAX || pcp < 0) {
				error = EINVAL;
				break;
			}
			d->bd_pcp = pcp;
			break;
		}
	}
	CURVNET_RESTORE();
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Set d's packet filter program to fp. If this file already has a filter,
 * free it and replace it. Returns EINVAL for bogus requests.
 *
 * Note we use global lock here to serialize bpf_setf() and bpf_setif()
 * calls.
 */
static int
bpf_setf(struct bpf_d *d, struct bpf_program *fp, u_long cmd)
{
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
	struct bpf_program fp_swab;
	struct bpf_program32 *fp32;
#endif
	struct bpf_program_buffer *fcode;
	struct bpf_insn *filter;
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
	bpf_jit_filter *jfunc;
#endif
	size_t size;
	u_int flen;
	bool track_event;

#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
	switch (cmd) {
	case BIOCSETF32:
	case BIOCSETWF32:
	case BIOCSETFNR32:
		fp32 = (struct bpf_program32 *)fp;
		fp_swab.bf_len = fp32->bf_len;
		fp_swab.bf_insns =
		    (struct bpf_insn *)(uintptr_t)fp32->bf_insns;
		fp = &fp_swab;
		switch (cmd) {
		case BIOCSETF32:
			cmd = BIOCSETF;
			break;
		case BIOCSETWF32:
			cmd = BIOCSETWF;
			break;
		}
		break;
	}
#endif

	filter = NULL;
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
	jfunc = NULL;
#endif
	/*
	 * Check new filter validness before acquiring any locks.
	 * Allocate memory for new filter, if needed.
	 */
	flen = fp->bf_len;
	if (flen > bpf_maxinsns || (fp->bf_insns == NULL && flen != 0))
		return (EINVAL);
	size = flen * sizeof(*fp->bf_insns);
	if (size > 0) {
		/* We're setting up new filter. Copy and check actual data. */
		fcode = bpf_program_buffer_alloc(size, M_WAITOK);
		filter = (struct bpf_insn *)fcode->buffer;
		if (copyin(fp->bf_insns, filter, size) != 0 ||
		    !bpf_validate(filter, flen)) {
			free(fcode, M_BPF);
			return (EINVAL);
		}
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
		if (cmd != BIOCSETWF) {
			/*
			 * Filter is copied inside fcode and is
			 * perfectly valid.
			 */
			jfunc = bpf_jitter(filter, flen);
		}
#endif
	}

	track_event = false;
	fcode = NULL;

	BPF_LOCK();
	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	/* Set up new filter. */
	if (cmd == BIOCSETWF) {
		if (d->bd_wfilter != NULL) {
			fcode = __containerof((void *)d->bd_wfilter,
			    struct bpf_program_buffer, buffer);
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
			fcode->func = NULL;
#endif
		}
		d->bd_wfilter = filter;
	} else {
		if (d->bd_rfilter != NULL) {
			fcode = __containerof((void *)d->bd_rfilter,
			    struct bpf_program_buffer, buffer);
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
			fcode->func = d->bd_bfilter;
#endif
		}
		d->bd_rfilter = filter;
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
		d->bd_bfilter = jfunc;
#endif
		if (cmd == BIOCSETF)
			reset_d(d);

		if (bpf_check_upgrade(cmd, d, filter, flen) != 0) {
			/*
			 * Filter can be set several times without
			 * specifying interface. In this case just mark d
			 * as reader.
			 */
			d->bd_writer = 0;
			if (d->bd_bif != NULL) {
				/*
				 * Remove descriptor from writers-only list
				 * and add it to active readers list.
				 */
				CK_LIST_REMOVE(d, bd_next);
				CK_LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&d->bd_bif->bif_dlist,
				    d, bd_next);
				CTR2(KTR_NET,
				    "%s: upgrade required by pid %d",
				    __func__, d->bd_pid);
				track_event = true;
			}
		}
	}
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);

	if (fcode != NULL)
		NET_EPOCH_CALL(bpf_program_buffer_free, &fcode->epoch_ctx);

	if (track_event)
		EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(bpf_track,
		    d->bd_bif->bif_ifp, d->bd_bif->bif_dlt, 1);

	BPF_UNLOCK();
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Detach a file from its current interface (if attached at all) and attach
 * to the interface indicated by the name stored in ifr.
 * Return an errno or 0.
 */
static int
bpf_setif(struct bpf_d *d, struct ifreq *ifr)
{
	struct bpf_if *bp;
	struct ifnet *theywant;

	BPF_LOCK_ASSERT();

	theywant = ifunit(ifr->ifr_name);
	if (theywant == NULL || theywant->if_bpf == NULL)
		return (ENXIO);

	bp = theywant->if_bpf;
	/*
	 * At this point, we expect the buffer is already allocated.  If not,
	 * return an error.
	 */
	switch (d->bd_bufmode) {
	case BPF_BUFMODE_BUFFER:
	case BPF_BUFMODE_ZBUF:
		if (d->bd_sbuf == NULL)
			return (EINVAL);
		break;

	default:
		panic("bpf_setif: bufmode %d", d->bd_bufmode);
	}
	if (bp != d->bd_bif)
		bpf_attachd(d, bp);
	else {
		BPFD_LOCK(d);
		reset_d(d);
		BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
	}
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Support for select() and poll() system calls
 *
 * Return true iff the specific operation will not block indefinitely.
 * Otherwise, return false but make a note that a selwakeup() must be done.
 */
static int
bpfpoll(struct cdev *dev, int events, struct thread *td)
{
	struct bpf_d *d;
	int revents;

	if (devfs_get_cdevpriv((void **)&d) != 0 || d->bd_bif == NULL)
		return (events &
		    (POLLHUP|POLLIN|POLLRDNORM|POLLOUT|POLLWRNORM));

	/*
	 * Refresh PID associated with this descriptor.
	 */
	revents = events & (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM);
	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	BPF_PID_REFRESH(d, td);
	if (events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM)) {
		if (bpf_ready(d))
			revents |= events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM);
		else {
			selrecord(td, &d->bd_sel);
			/* Start the read timeout if necessary. */
			if (d->bd_rtout > 0 && d->bd_state == BPF_IDLE) {
				callout_reset(&d->bd_callout, d->bd_rtout,
				    bpf_timed_out, d);
				d->bd_state = BPF_WAITING;
			}
		}
	}
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
	return (revents);
}

/*
 * Support for kevent() system call.  Register EVFILT_READ filters and
 * reject all others.
 */
int
bpfkqfilter(struct cdev *dev, struct knote *kn)
{
	struct bpf_d *d;

	if (devfs_get_cdevpriv((void **)&d) != 0 ||
	    kn->kn_filter != EVFILT_READ)
		return (1);

	/*
	 * Refresh PID associated with this descriptor.
	 */
	BPFD_LOCK(d);
	BPF_PID_REFRESH_CUR(d);
	kn->kn_fop = &bpfread_filtops;
	kn->kn_hook = d;
	knlist_add(&d->bd_sel.si_note, kn, 1);
	BPFD_UNLOCK(d);

	return (0);
}

static void
filt_bpfdetach(struct knote *kn)
{
	struct bpf_d *d = (struct bpf_d *)kn->kn_hook;

	knlist_remove(&d->bd_sel.si_note, kn, 0);
}

static int
filt_bpfread(struct knote *kn, long hint)
{
	struct bpf_d *d = (struct bpf_d *)kn->kn_hook;
	int ready;

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);
	ready = bpf_ready(d);
	if (ready) {
		kn->kn_data = d->bd_slen;
		/*
		 * Ignore the hold buffer if it is being copied to user space.
		 */
		if (!d->bd_hbuf_in_use && d->bd_hbuf)
			kn->kn_data += d->bd_hlen;
	} else if (d->bd_rtout > 0 && d->bd_state == BPF_IDLE) {
		callout_reset(&d->bd_callout, d->bd_rtout,
		    bpf_timed_out, d);
		d->bd_state = BPF_WAITING;
	}

	return (ready);
}

#define	BPF_TSTAMP_NONE		0
#define	BPF_TSTAMP_FAST		1
#define	BPF_TSTAMP_NORMAL	2
#define	BPF_TSTAMP_EXTERN	3

static int
bpf_ts_quality(int tstype)
{

	if (tstype == BPF_T_NONE)
		return (BPF_TSTAMP_NONE);
	if ((tstype & BPF_T_FAST) != 0)
		return (BPF_TSTAMP_FAST);

	return (BPF_TSTAMP_NORMAL);
}

static int
bpf_gettime(struct bintime *bt, int tstype, struct mbuf *m)
{
	struct m_tag *tag;
	int quality;

	quality = bpf_ts_quality(tstype);
	if (quality == BPF_TSTAMP_NONE)
		return (quality);

	if (m != NULL) {
		tag = m_tag_locate(m, MTAG_BPF, MTAG_BPF_TIMESTAMP, NULL);
		if (tag != NULL) {
			*bt = *(struct bintime *)(tag + 1);
			return (BPF_TSTAMP_EXTERN);
		}
	}
	if (quality == BPF_TSTAMP_NORMAL)
		binuptime(bt);
	else
		getbinuptime(bt);

	return (quality);
}

/*
 * Incoming linkage from device drivers.  Process the packet pkt, of length
 * pktlen, which is stored in a contiguous buffer.  The packet is parsed
 * by each process' filter, and if accepted, stashed into the corresponding
 * buffer.
 */
void
bpf_tap(struct bpf_if *bp, u_char *pkt, u_int pktlen)
{
	struct epoch_tracker et;
	struct bintime bt;
	struct bpf_d *d;
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
	bpf_jit_filter *bf;
#endif
	u_int slen;
	int gottime;

	gottime = BPF_TSTAMP_NONE;
	NET_EPOCH_ENTER(et);
	CK_LIST_FOREACH(d, &bp->bif_dlist, bd_next) {
		counter_u64_add(d->bd_rcount, 1);
		/*
		 * NB: We dont call BPF_CHECK_DIRECTION() here since there
		 * is no way for the caller to indiciate to us whether this
		 * packet is inbound or outbound. In the bpf_mtap() routines,
		 * we use the interface pointers on the mbuf to figure it out.
		 */
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
		bf = bpf_jitter_enable != 0 ? d->bd_bfilter : NULL;
		if (bf != NULL)
			slen = (*(bf->func))(pkt, pktlen, pktlen);
		else
#endif
		slen = bpf_filter(d->bd_rfilter, pkt, pktlen, pktlen);
		if (slen != 0) {
			/*
			 * Filter matches. Let's to acquire write lock.
			 */
			BPFD_LOCK(d);
			counter_u64_add(d->bd_fcount, 1);
			if (gottime < bpf_ts_quality(d->bd_tstamp))
				gottime = bpf_gettime(&bt, d->bd_tstamp,
				    NULL);
#ifdef MAC
			if (mac_bpfdesc_check_receive(d, bp->bif_ifp) == 0)
#endif
				catchpacket(d, pkt, pktlen, slen,
				    bpf_append_bytes, &bt);
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		}
	}
	NET_EPOCH_EXIT(et);
}

#define	BPF_CHECK_DIRECTION(d, r, i)				\
	    (((d)->bd_direction == BPF_D_IN && (r) != (i)) ||	\
	    ((d)->bd_direction == BPF_D_OUT && (r) == (i)))

/*
 * Incoming linkage from device drivers, when packet is in an mbuf chain.
 * Locking model is explained in bpf_tap().
 */
void
bpf_mtap(struct bpf_if *bp, struct mbuf *m)
{
	struct epoch_tracker et;
	struct bintime bt;
	struct bpf_d *d;
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
	bpf_jit_filter *bf;
#endif
	u_int pktlen, slen;
	int gottime;

	/* Skip outgoing duplicate packets. */
	if ((m->m_flags & M_PROMISC) != 0 && m_rcvif(m) == NULL) {
		m->m_flags &= ~M_PROMISC;
		return;
	}

	pktlen = m_length(m, NULL);
	gottime = BPF_TSTAMP_NONE;

	NET_EPOCH_ENTER(et);
	CK_LIST_FOREACH(d, &bp->bif_dlist, bd_next) {
		if (BPF_CHECK_DIRECTION(d, m_rcvif(m), bp->bif_ifp))
			continue;
		counter_u64_add(d->bd_rcount, 1);
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
		bf = bpf_jitter_enable != 0 ? d->bd_bfilter : NULL;
		/* XXX We cannot handle multiple mbufs. */
		if (bf != NULL && m->m_next == NULL)
			slen = (*(bf->func))(mtod(m, u_char *), pktlen,
			    pktlen);
		else
#endif
		slen = bpf_filter(d->bd_rfilter, (u_char *)m, pktlen, 0);
		if (slen != 0) {
			BPFD_LOCK(d);

			counter_u64_add(d->bd_fcount, 1);
			if (gottime < bpf_ts_quality(d->bd_tstamp))
				gottime = bpf_gettime(&bt, d->bd_tstamp, m);
#ifdef MAC
			if (mac_bpfdesc_check_receive(d, bp->bif_ifp) == 0)
#endif
				catchpacket(d, (u_char *)m, pktlen, slen,
				    bpf_append_mbuf, &bt);
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		}
	}
	NET_EPOCH_EXIT(et);
}

/*
 * Incoming linkage from device drivers, when packet is in
 * an mbuf chain and to be prepended by a contiguous header.
 */
void
bpf_mtap2(struct bpf_if *bp, void *data, u_int dlen, struct mbuf *m)
{
	struct epoch_tracker et;
	struct bintime bt;
	struct mbuf mb;
	struct bpf_d *d;
	u_int pktlen, slen;
	int gottime;

	/* Skip outgoing duplicate packets. */
	if ((m->m_flags & M_PROMISC) != 0 && m->m_pkthdr.rcvif == NULL) {
		m->m_flags &= ~M_PROMISC;
		return;
	}

	pktlen = m_length(m, NULL);
	/*
	 * Craft on-stack mbuf suitable for passing to bpf_filter.
	 * Note that we cut corners here; we only setup what's
	 * absolutely needed--this mbuf should never go anywhere else.
	 */
	mb.m_flags = 0;
	mb.m_next = m;
	mb.m_data = data;
	mb.m_len = dlen;
	pktlen += dlen;

	gottime = BPF_TSTAMP_NONE;

	NET_EPOCH_ENTER(et);
	CK_LIST_FOREACH(d, &bp->bif_dlist, bd_next) {
		if (BPF_CHECK_DIRECTION(d, m->m_pkthdr.rcvif, bp->bif_ifp))
			continue;
		counter_u64_add(d->bd_rcount, 1);
		slen = bpf_filter(d->bd_rfilter, (u_char *)&mb, pktlen, 0);
		if (slen != 0) {
			BPFD_LOCK(d);

			counter_u64_add(d->bd_fcount, 1);
			if (gottime < bpf_ts_quality(d->bd_tstamp))
				gottime = bpf_gettime(&bt, d->bd_tstamp, m);
#ifdef MAC
			if (mac_bpfdesc_check_receive(d, bp->bif_ifp) == 0)
#endif
				catchpacket(d, (u_char *)&mb, pktlen, slen,
				    bpf_append_mbuf, &bt);
			BPFD_UNLOCK(d);
		}
	}
	NET_EPOCH_EXIT(et);
}

#undef	BPF_CHECK_DIRECTION
#undef	BPF_TSTAMP_NONE
#undef	BPF_TSTAMP_FAST
#undef	BPF_TSTAMP_NORMAL
#undef	BPF_TSTAMP_EXTERN

static int
bpf_hdrlen(struct bpf_d *d)
{
	int hdrlen;

	hdrlen = d->bd_bif->bif_hdrlen;
#ifndef BURN_BRIDGES
	if (d->bd_tstamp == BPF_T_NONE ||
	    BPF_T_FORMAT(d->bd_tstamp) == BPF_T_MICROTIME)
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
		if (d->bd_compat32)
			hdrlen += SIZEOF_BPF_HDR(struct bpf_hdr32);
		else
#endif
			hdrlen += SIZEOF_BPF_HDR(struct bpf_hdr);
	else
#endif
		hdrlen += SIZEOF_BPF_HDR(struct bpf_xhdr);
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
	if (d->bd_compat32)
		hdrlen = BPF_WORDALIGN32(hdrlen);
	else
#endif
		hdrlen = BPF_WORDALIGN(hdrlen);

	return (hdrlen - d->bd_bif->bif_hdrlen);
}

static void
bpf_bintime2ts(struct bintime *bt, struct bpf_ts *ts, int tstype)
{
	struct bintime bt2, boottimebin;
	struct timeval tsm;
	struct timespec tsn;

	if ((tstype & BPF_T_MONOTONIC) == 0) {
		bt2 = *bt;
		getboottimebin(&boottimebin);
		bintime_add(&bt2, &boottimebin);
		bt = &bt2;
	}
	switch (BPF_T_FORMAT(tstype)) {
	case BPF_T_MICROTIME:
		bintime2timeval(bt, &tsm);
		ts->bt_sec = tsm.tv_sec;
		ts->bt_frac = tsm.tv_usec;
		break;
	case BPF_T_NANOTIME:
		bintime2timespec(bt, &tsn);
		ts->bt_sec = tsn.tv_sec;
		ts->bt_frac = tsn.tv_nsec;
		break;
	case BPF_T_BINTIME:
		ts->bt_sec = bt->sec;
		ts->bt_frac = bt->frac;
		break;
	}
}

/*
 * Move the packet data from interface memory (pkt) into the
 * store buffer.  "cpfn" is the routine called to do the actual data
 * transfer.  bcopy is passed in to copy contiguous chunks, while
 * bpf_append_mbuf is passed in to copy mbuf chains.  In the latter case,
 * pkt is really an mbuf.
 */
static void
catchpacket(struct bpf_d *d, u_char *pkt, u_int pktlen, u_int snaplen,
    void (*cpfn)(struct bpf_d *, caddr_t, u_int, void *, u_int),
    struct bintime *bt)
{
	struct bpf_xhdr hdr;
#ifndef BURN_BRIDGES
	struct bpf_hdr hdr_old;
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
	struct bpf_hdr32 hdr32_old;
#endif
#endif
	int caplen, curlen, hdrlen, totlen;
	int do_wakeup = 0;
	int do_timestamp;
	int tstype;

	BPFD_LOCK_ASSERT(d);
	if (d->bd_bif == NULL) {
		/* Descriptor was detached in concurrent thread */
		counter_u64_add(d->bd_dcount, 1);
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * Detect whether user space has released a buffer back to us, and if
	 * so, move it from being a hold buffer to a free buffer.  This may
	 * not be the best place to do it (for example, we might only want to
	 * run this check if we need the space), but for now it's a reliable
	 * spot to do it.
	 */
	if (d->bd_fbuf == NULL && bpf_canfreebuf(d)) {
		d->bd_fbuf = d->bd_hbuf;
		d->bd_hbuf = NULL;
		d->bd_hlen = 0;
		bpf_buf_reclaimed(d);
	}

	/*
	 * Figure out how many bytes to move.  If the packet is
	 * greater or equal to the snapshot length, transfer that
	 * much.  Otherwise, transfer the whole packet (unless
	 * we hit the buffer size limit).
	 */
	hdrlen = bpf_hdrlen(d);
	totlen = hdrlen + min(snaplen, pktlen);
	if (totlen > d->bd_bufsize)
		totlen = d->bd_bufsize;

	/*
	 * Round up the end of the previous packet to the next longword.
	 *
	 * Drop the packet if there's no room and no hope of room
	 * If the packet would overflow the storage buffer or the storage
	 * buffer is considered immutable by the buffer model, try to rotate
	 * the buffer and wakeup pending processes.
	 */
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
	if (d->bd_compat32)
		curlen = BPF_WORDALIGN32(d->bd_slen);
	else
#endif
		curlen = BPF_WORDALIGN(d->bd_slen);
	if (curlen + totlen > d->bd_bufsize || !bpf_canwritebuf(d)) {
		if (d->bd_fbuf == NULL) {
			/*
			 * There's no room in the store buffer, and no
			 * prospect of room, so drop the packet.  Notify the
			 * buffer model.
			 */
			bpf_buffull(d);
			counter_u64_add(d->bd_dcount, 1);
			return;
		}
		KASSERT(!d->bd_hbuf_in_use, ("hold buffer is in use"));
		ROTATE_BUFFERS(d);
		do_wakeup = 1;
		curlen = 0;
	} else if (d->bd_immediate || d->bd_state == BPF_TIMED_OUT)
		/*
		 * Immediate mode is set, or the read timeout has already
		 * expired during a select call.  A packet arrived, so the
		 * reader should be woken up.
		 */
		do_wakeup = 1;
	caplen = totlen - hdrlen;
	tstype = d->bd_tstamp;
	do_timestamp = tstype != BPF_T_NONE;
#ifndef BURN_BRIDGES
	if (tstype == BPF_T_NONE || BPF_T_FORMAT(tstype) == BPF_T_MICROTIME) {
		struct bpf_ts ts;
		if (do_timestamp)
			bpf_bintime2ts(bt, &ts, tstype);
#ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
		if (d->bd_compat32) {
			bzero(&hdr32_old, sizeof(hdr32_old));
			if (do_timestamp) {
				hdr32_old.bh_tstamp.tv_sec = ts.bt_sec;
				hdr32_old.bh_tstamp.tv_usec = ts.bt_frac;
			}
			hdr32_old.bh_datalen = pktlen;
			hdr32_old.bh_hdrlen = hdrlen;
			hdr32_old.bh_caplen = caplen;
			bpf_append_bytes(d, d->bd_sbuf, curlen, &hdr32_old,
			    sizeof(hdr32_old));
			goto copy;
		}
#endif
		bzero(&hdr_old, sizeof(hdr_old));
		if (do_timestamp) {
			hdr_old.bh_tstamp.tv_sec = ts.bt_sec;
			hdr_old.bh_tstamp.tv_usec = ts.bt_frac;
		}
		hdr_old.bh_datalen = pktlen;
		hdr_old.bh_hdrlen = hdrlen;
		hdr_old.bh_caplen = caplen;
		bpf_append_bytes(d, d->bd_sbuf, curlen, &hdr_old,
		    sizeof(hdr_old));
		goto copy;
	}
#endif

	/*
	 * Append the bpf header.  Note we append the actual header size, but
	 * move forward the length of the header plus padding.
	 */
	bzero(&hdr, sizeof(hdr));
	if (do_timestamp)
		bpf_bintime2ts(bt, &hdr.bh_tstamp, tstype);
	hdr.bh_datalen = pktlen;
	hdr.bh_hdrlen = hdrlen;
	hdr.bh_caplen = caplen;
	bpf_append_bytes(d, d->bd_sbuf, curlen, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));

	/*
	 * Copy the packet data into the store buffer and update its length.
	 */
#ifndef BURN_BRIDGES
copy:
#endif
	(*cpfn)(d, d->bd_sbuf, curlen + hdrlen, pkt, caplen);
	d->bd_slen = curlen + totlen;

	if (do_wakeup)
		bpf_wakeup(d);
}

/*
 * Free buffers currently in use by a descriptor.
 * Called on close.
 */
static void
bpfd_free(epoch_context_t ctx)
{
	struct bpf_d *d;
	struct bpf_program_buffer *p;

	/*
	 * We don't need to lock out interrupts since this descriptor has
	 * been detached from its interface and it yet hasn't been marked
	 * free.
	 */
	d = __containerof(ctx, struct bpf_d, epoch_ctx);
	bpf_free(d);
	if (d->bd_rfilter != NULL) {
		p = __containerof((void *)d->bd_rfilter,
		    struct bpf_program_buffer, buffer);
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
		p->func = d->bd_bfilter;
#endif
		bpf_program_buffer_free(&p->epoch_ctx);
	}
	if (d->bd_wfilter != NULL) {
		p = __containerof((void *)d->bd_wfilter,
		    struct bpf_program_buffer, buffer);
#ifdef BPF_JITTER
		p->func = NULL;
#endif
		bpf_program_buffer_free(&p->epoch_ctx);
	}

	mtx_destroy(&d->bd_lock);
	counter_u64_free(d->bd_rcount);
	counter_u64_free(d->bd_dcount);
	counter_u64_free(d->bd_fcount);
	counter_u64_free(d->bd_wcount);
	counter_u64_free(d->bd_wfcount);
	counter_u64_free(d->bd_wdcount);
	counter_u64_free(d->bd_zcopy);
	free(d, M_BPF);
}

/*
 * Attach an interface to bpf.  dlt is the link layer type; hdrlen is the
 * fixed size of the link header (variable length headers not yet supported).
 */
void
bpfattach(struct ifnet *ifp, u_int dlt, u_int hdrlen)
{

	bpfattach2(ifp, dlt, hdrlen, &ifp->if_bpf);
}

/*
 * Attach an interface to bpf.  ifp is a pointer to the structure
 * defining the interface to be attached, dlt is the link layer type,
 * and hdrlen is the fixed size of the link header (variable length
 * headers are not yet supporrted).
 */
void
bpfattach2(struct ifnet *ifp, u_int dlt, u_int hdrlen,
    struct bpf_if **driverp)
{
	struct bpf_if *bp;

	KASSERT(*driverp == NULL,
	    ("bpfattach2: driverp already initialized"));

	bp = malloc(sizeof(*bp), M_BPF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);

	CK_LIST_INIT(&bp->bif_dlist);
	CK_LIST_INIT(&bp->bif_wlist);
	bp->bif_ifp = ifp;
	bp->bif_dlt = dlt;
	bp->bif_hdrlen = hdrlen;
	bp->bif_bpf = driverp;
	bp->bif_refcnt = 1;
	*driverp = bp;
	/*
	 * Reference ifnet pointer, so it won't freed until
	 * we release it.
	 */
	if_ref(ifp);
	BPF_LOCK();
	CK_LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bpf_iflist, bp, bif_next);
	BPF_UNLOCK();

	if (bootverbose && IS_DEFAULT_VNET(curvnet))
		if_printf(ifp, "bpf attached\n");
}

#ifdef VIMAGE
/*
 * When moving interfaces between vnet instances we need a way to
 * query the dlt and hdrlen before detach so we can re-attch the if_bpf
 * after the vmove.  We unfortunately have no device driver infrastructure
 * to query the interface for these values after creation/attach, thus
 * add this as a workaround.
 */
int
bpf_get_bp_params(struct bpf_if *bp, u_int *bif_dlt, u_int *bif_hdrlen)
{

	if (bp == NULL)
		return (ENXIO);
	if (bif_dlt == NULL && bif_hdrlen == NULL)
		return (0);

	if (bif_dlt != NULL)
		*bif_dlt = bp->bif_dlt;
	if (bif_hdrlen != NULL)
		*bif_hdrlen = bp->bif_hdrlen;

	return (0);
}
#endif

/*
 * Detach bpf from an interface. This involves detaching each descriptor
 * associated with the interface. Notify each descriptor as it's detached
 * so that any sleepers wake up and get ENXIO.
 */
void
bpfdetach(struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct bpf_if *bp, *bp_temp;
	struct bpf_d *d;

	BPF_LOCK();
	/* Find all bpf_if struct's which reference ifp and detach them. */
	CK_LIST_FOREACH_SAFE(bp, &bpf_iflist, bif_next, bp_temp) {
		if (ifp != bp->bif_ifp)
			continue;

		CK_LIST_REMOVE(bp, bif_next);
		*bp->bif_bpf = (struct bpf_if *)&dead_bpf_if;

		CTR4(KTR_NET,
		    "%s: sheduling free for encap %d (%p) for if %p",
		    __func__, bp->bif_dlt, bp, ifp);

		/* Detach common descriptors */
		while ((d = CK_LIST_FIRST(&bp->bif_dlist)) != NULL) {
			bpf_detachd_locked(d, true);
		}

		/* Detach writer-only descriptors */
		while ((d = CK_LIST_FIRST(&bp->bif_wlist)) != NULL) {
			bpf_detachd_locked(d, true);
		}
		bpfif_rele(bp);
	}
	BPF_UNLOCK();
}

/*
 * Get a list of available data link type of the interface.
 */
static int
bpf_getdltlist(struct bpf_d *d, struct bpf_dltlist *bfl)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp;
	struct bpf_if *bp;
	u_int *lst;
	int error, n, n1;

	BPF_LOCK_ASSERT();

	ifp = d->bd_bif->bif_ifp;
	n1 = 0;
	CK_LIST_FOREACH(bp, &bpf_iflist, bif_next) {
		if (bp->bif_ifp == ifp)
			n1++;
	}
	if (bfl->bfl_list == NULL) {
		bfl->bfl_len = n1;
		return (0);
	}
	if (n1 > bfl->bfl_len)
		return (ENOMEM);

	lst = malloc(n1 * sizeof(u_int), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
	n = 0;
	CK_LIST_FOREACH(bp, &bpf_iflist, bif_next) {
		if (bp->bif_ifp != ifp)
			continue;
		lst[n++] = bp->bif_dlt;
	}
	error = copyout(lst, bfl->bfl_list, sizeof(u_int) * n);
	free(lst, M_TEMP);
	bfl->bfl_len = n;
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Set the data link type of a BPF instance.
 */
static int
bpf_setdlt(struct bpf_d *d, u_int dlt)
{
	int error, opromisc;
	struct ifnet *ifp;
	struct bpf_if *bp;

	BPF_LOCK_ASSERT();
	MPASS(d->bd_bif != NULL);

	/*
	 * It is safe to check bd_bif without BPFD_LOCK, it can not be
	 * changed while we hold global lock.
	 */
	if (d->bd_bif->bif_dlt == dlt)
		return (0);

	ifp = d->bd_bif->bif_ifp;
	CK_LIST_FOREACH(bp, &bpf_iflist, bif_next) {
		if (bp->bif_ifp == ifp && bp->bif_dlt == dlt)
			break;
	}
	if (bp == NULL)
		return (EINVAL);

	opromisc = d->bd_promisc;
	bpf_attachd(d, bp);
	if (opromisc) {
		error = ifpromisc(bp->bif_ifp, 1);
		if (error)
			if_printf(bp->bif_ifp, "%s: ifpromisc failed (%d)\n",
			    __func__, error);
		else
			d->bd_promisc = 1;
	}
	return (0);
}

static void
bpf_drvinit(void *unused)
{
	struct cdev *dev;

	sx_init(&bpf_sx, "bpf global lock");
	CK_LIST_INIT(&bpf_iflist);

	dev = make_dev(&bpf_cdevsw, 0, UID_ROOT, GID_WHEEL, 0600, "bpf");
	/* For compatibility */
	make_dev_alias(dev, "bpf0");
}

/*
 * Zero out the various packet counters associated with all of the bpf
 * descriptors.  At some point, we will probably want to get a bit more
 * granular and allow the user to specify descriptors to be zeroed.
 */
static void
bpf_zero_counters(void)
{
	struct bpf_if *bp;
	struct bpf_d *bd;

	BPF_LOCK();
	/*
	 * We are protected by global lock here, interfaces and
	 * descriptors can not be deleted while we hold it.
	 */
	CK_LIST_FOREACH(bp, &bpf_iflist, bif_next) {
		CK_LIST_FOREACH(bd, &bp->bif_dlist, bd_next) {
			counter_u64_zero(bd->bd_rcount);
			counter_u64_zero(bd->bd_dcount);
			counter_u64_zero(bd->bd_fcount);
			counter_u64_zero(bd->bd_wcount);
			counter_u64_zero(bd->bd_wfcount);
			counter_u64_zero(bd->bd_zcopy);
		}
	}
	BPF_UNLOCK();
}

/*
 * Fill filter statistics
 */
static void
bpfstats_fill_xbpf(struct xbpf_d *d, struct bpf_d *bd)
{

	BPF_LOCK_ASSERT();
	bzero(d, sizeof(*d));
	d->bd_structsize = sizeof(*d);
	d->bd_immediate = bd->bd_immediate;
	d->bd_promisc = bd->bd_promisc;
	d->bd_hdrcmplt = bd->bd_hdrcmplt;
	d->bd_direction = bd->bd_direction;
	d->bd_feedback = bd->bd_feedback;
	d->bd_async = bd->bd_async;
	d->bd_rcount = counter_u64_fetch(bd->bd_rcount);
	d->bd_dcount = counter_u64_fetch(bd->bd_dcount);
	d->bd_fcount = counter_u64_fetch(bd->bd_fcount);
	d->bd_sig = bd->bd_sig;
	d->bd_slen = bd->bd_slen;
	d->bd_hlen = bd->bd_hlen;
	d->bd_bufsize = bd->bd_bufsize;
	d->bd_pid = bd->bd_pid;
	strlcpy(d->bd_ifname,
	    bd->bd_bif->bif_ifp->if_xname, IFNAMSIZ);
	d->bd_locked = bd->bd_locked;
	d->bd_wcount = counter_u64_fetch(bd->bd_wcount);
	d->bd_wdcount = counter_u64_fetch(bd->bd_wdcount);
	d->bd_wfcount = counter_u64_fetch(bd->bd_wfcount);
	d->bd_zcopy = counter_u64_fetch(bd->bd_zcopy);
	d->bd_bufmode = bd->bd_bufmode;
}

/*
 * Handle `netstat -B' stats request
 */
static int
bpf_stats_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	static const struct xbpf_d zerostats;
	struct xbpf_d *xbdbuf, *xbd, tempstats;
	int index, error;
	struct bpf_if *bp;
	struct bpf_d *bd;

	/*
	 * XXX This is not technically correct. It is possible for non
	 * privileged users to open bpf devices. It would make sense
	 * if the users who opened the devices were able to retrieve
	 * the statistics for them, too.
	 */
	error = priv_check(req->td, PRIV_NET_BPF);
	if (error)
		return (error);
	/*
	 * Check to see if the user is requesting that the counters be
	 * zeroed out.  Explicitly check that the supplied data is zeroed,
	 * as we aren't allowing the user to set the counters currently.
	 */
	if (req->newptr != NULL) {
		if (req->newlen != sizeof(tempstats))
			return (EINVAL);
		memset(&tempstats, 0, sizeof(tempstats));
		error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &tempstats, sizeof(tempstats));
		if (error)
			return (error);
		if (bcmp(&tempstats, &zerostats, sizeof(tempstats)) != 0)
			return (EINVAL);
		bpf_zero_counters();
		return (0);
	}
	if (req->oldptr == NULL)
		return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, 0, bpf_bpfd_cnt * sizeof(*xbd)));
	if (bpf_bpfd_cnt == 0)
		return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, 0, 0));
	xbdbuf = malloc(req->oldlen, M_BPF, M_WAITOK);
	BPF_LOCK();
	if (req->oldlen < (bpf_bpfd_cnt * sizeof(*xbd))) {
		BPF_UNLOCK();
		free(xbdbuf, M_BPF);
		return (ENOMEM);
	}
	index = 0;
	CK_LIST_FOREACH(bp, &bpf_iflist, bif_next) {
		/* Send writers-only first */
		CK_LIST_FOREACH(bd, &bp->bif_wlist, bd_next) {
			xbd = &xbdbuf[index++];
			bpfstats_fill_xbpf(xbd, bd);
		}
		CK_LIST_FOREACH(bd, &bp->bif_dlist, bd_next) {
			xbd = &xbdbuf[index++];
			bpfstats_fill_xbpf(xbd, bd);
		}
	}
	BPF_UNLOCK();
	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, xbdbuf, index * sizeof(*xbd));
	free(xbdbuf, M_BPF);
	return (error);
}

SYSINIT(bpfdev,SI_SUB_DRIVERS,SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,bpf_drvinit,NULL);

#else /* !DEV_BPF && !NETGRAPH_BPF */

/*
 * NOP stubs to allow bpf-using drivers to load and function.
 *
 * A 'better' implementation would allow the core bpf functionality
 * to be loaded at runtime.
 */

void
bpf_tap(struct bpf_if *bp, u_char *pkt, u_int pktlen)
{
}

void
bpf_mtap(struct bpf_if *bp, struct mbuf *m)
{
}

void
bpf_mtap2(struct bpf_if *bp, void *d, u_int l, struct mbuf *m)
{
}

void
bpfattach(struct ifnet *ifp, u_int dlt, u_int hdrlen)
{

	bpfattach2(ifp, dlt, hdrlen, &ifp->if_bpf);
}

void
bpfattach2(struct ifnet *ifp, u_int dlt, u_int hdrlen, struct bpf_if **driverp)
{

	*driverp = (struct bpf_if *)&dead_bpf_if;
}

void
bpfdetach(struct ifnet *ifp)
{
}

u_int
bpf_filter(const struct bpf_insn *pc, u_char *p, u_int wirelen, u_int buflen)
{
	return -1;	/* "no filter" behaviour */
}

int
bpf_validate(const struct bpf_insn *f, int len)
{
	return 0;		/* false */
}

#endif /* !DEV_BPF && !NETGRAPH_BPF */

#ifdef DDB
static void
bpf_show_bpf_if(struct bpf_if *bpf_if)
{

	if (bpf_if == NULL)
		return;
	db_printf("%p:\n", bpf_if);
#define	BPF_DB_PRINTF(f, e)	db_printf("   %s = " f "\n", #e, bpf_if->e);
	/* bif_ext.bif_next */
	/* bif_ext.bif_dlist */
	BPF_DB_PRINTF("%#x", bif_dlt);
	BPF_DB_PRINTF("%u", bif_hdrlen);
	/* bif_wlist */
	BPF_DB_PRINTF("%p", bif_ifp);
	BPF_DB_PRINTF("%p", bif_bpf);
	BPF_DB_PRINTF("%u", bif_refcnt);
}

DB_SHOW_COMMAND(bpf_if, db_show_bpf_if)
{

	if (!have_addr) {
		db_printf("usage: show bpf_if <struct bpf_if *>\n");
		return;
	}

	bpf_show_bpf_if((struct bpf_if *)addr);
}
#endif