xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/vfs_cache.c (revision ae2cbf4c649fecd3302a3bea16672345582d2562)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993, 1995
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Poul-Henning Kamp of the FreeBSD Project.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  *	@(#)vfs_cache.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 3/22/95
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/systm.h>
40 #include <sys/kernel.h>
41 #include <sys/lock.h>
42 #include <sys/mutex.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 #include <sys/mount.h>
45 #include <sys/vnode.h>
46 #include <sys/namei.h>
47 #include <sys/malloc.h>
48 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
49 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
50 #include <sys/proc.h>
51 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
52 #include <sys/fnv_hash.h>
53 
54 #include <vm/uma.h>
55 
56 /*
57  * This structure describes the elements in the cache of recent
58  * names looked up by namei.
59  */
60 
61 struct	namecache {
62 	LIST_ENTRY(namecache) nc_hash;	/* hash chain */
63 	LIST_ENTRY(namecache) nc_src;	/* source vnode list */
64 	TAILQ_ENTRY(namecache) nc_dst;	/* destination vnode list */
65 	struct	vnode *nc_dvp;		/* vnode of parent of name */
66 	struct	vnode *nc_vp;		/* vnode the name refers to */
67 	u_char	nc_flag;		/* flag bits */
68 	u_char	nc_nlen;		/* length of name */
69 	char	nc_name[0];		/* segment name */
70 };
71 
72 /*
73  * Name caching works as follows:
74  *
75  * Names found by directory scans are retained in a cache
76  * for future reference.  It is managed LRU, so frequently
77  * used names will hang around.  Cache is indexed by hash value
78  * obtained from (vp, name) where vp refers to the directory
79  * containing name.
80  *
81  * If it is a "negative" entry, (i.e. for a name that is known NOT to
82  * exist) the vnode pointer will be NULL.
83  *
84  * Upon reaching the last segment of a path, if the reference
85  * is for DELETE, or NOCACHE is set (rewrite), and the
86  * name is located in the cache, it will be dropped.
87  */
88 
89 /*
90  * Structures associated with name cacheing.
91  */
92 #define NCHHASH(hash) \
93 	(&nchashtbl[(hash) & nchash])
94 static LIST_HEAD(nchashhead, namecache) *nchashtbl;	/* Hash Table */
95 static TAILQ_HEAD(, namecache) ncneg;	/* Hash Table */
96 static u_long	nchash;			/* size of hash table */
97 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, nchash, CTLFLAG_RD, &nchash, 0, "");
98 static u_long	ncnegfactor = 16;	/* ratio of negative entries */
99 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, ncnegfactor, CTLFLAG_RW, &ncnegfactor, 0, "");
100 static u_long	numneg;			/* number of cache entries allocated */
101 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, numneg, CTLFLAG_RD, &numneg, 0, "");
102 static u_long	numcache;		/* number of cache entries allocated */
103 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, numcache, CTLFLAG_RD, &numcache, 0, "");
104 static u_long	numcachehv;		/* number of cache entries with vnodes held */
105 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, numcachehv, CTLFLAG_RD, &numcachehv, 0, "");
106 #if 0
107 static u_long	numcachepl;		/* number of cache purge for leaf entries */
108 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, numcachepl, CTLFLAG_RD, &numcachepl, 0, "");
109 #endif
110 struct	nchstats nchstats;		/* cache effectiveness statistics */
111 
112 static struct mtx cache_lock;
113 MTX_SYSINIT(vfscache, &cache_lock, "Name Cache", MTX_DEF);
114 
115 #define	CACHE_LOCK()	mtx_lock(&cache_lock)
116 #define	CACHE_UNLOCK()	mtx_unlock(&cache_lock)
117 
118 /*
119  * UMA zones for the VFS cache.
120  *
121  * The small cache is used for entries with short names, which are the
122  * most common.  The large cache is used for entries which are too big to
123  * fit in the small cache.
124  */
125 static uma_zone_t cache_zone_small;
126 static uma_zone_t cache_zone_large;
127 
128 #define	CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF	32
129 #define	CACHE_ZONE_SMALL	(sizeof(struct namecache) + CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF)
130 #define	CACHE_ZONE_LARGE	(sizeof(struct namecache) + NAME_MAX)
131 
132 #define cache_alloc(len)	uma_zalloc(((len) <= CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF) ? \
133 	cache_zone_small : cache_zone_large, M_WAITOK)
134 #define cache_free(ncp)		do { \
135 	if (ncp != NULL) \
136 		uma_zfree(((ncp)->nc_nlen <= CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF) ? \
137 		    cache_zone_small : cache_zone_large, (ncp)); \
138 } while (0)
139 
140 static int	doingcache = 1;		/* 1 => enable the cache */
141 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, vfscache, CTLFLAG_RW, &doingcache, 0, "");
142 
143 /* Export size information to userland */
144 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_sizeof, OID_AUTO, namecache, CTLFLAG_RD, 0,
145 	sizeof(struct namecache), "");
146 
147 /*
148  * The new name cache statistics
149  */
150 static SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs, OID_AUTO, cache, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "Name cache statistics");
151 #define STATNODE(mode, name, var) \
152 	SYSCTL_ULONG(_vfs_cache, OID_AUTO, name, mode, var, 0, "");
153 STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, numneg, &numneg);
154 STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, numcache, &numcache);
155 static u_long numcalls; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, numcalls, &numcalls);
156 static u_long dothits; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, dothits, &dothits);
157 static u_long dotdothits; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, dotdothits, &dotdothits);
158 static u_long numchecks; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, numchecks, &numchecks);
159 static u_long nummiss; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, nummiss, &nummiss);
160 static u_long nummisszap; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, nummisszap, &nummisszap);
161 static u_long numposzaps; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, numposzaps, &numposzaps);
162 static u_long numposhits; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, numposhits, &numposhits);
163 static u_long numnegzaps; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, numnegzaps, &numnegzaps);
164 static u_long numneghits; STATNODE(CTLFLAG_RD, numneghits, &numneghits);
165 
166 SYSCTL_OPAQUE(_vfs_cache, OID_AUTO, nchstats, CTLFLAG_RD, &nchstats,
167 	sizeof(nchstats), "LU", "VFS cache effectiveness statistics");
168 
169 
170 
171 static void cache_zap(struct namecache *ncp);
172 static int vn_fullpath1(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vp, struct vnode *rdir,
173     char *buf, char **retbuf, u_int buflen);
174 
175 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_VFSCACHE, "vfscache", "VFS name cache entries");
176 
177 /*
178  * Flags in namecache.nc_flag
179  */
180 #define NCF_WHITE	1
181 
182 /*
183  * Grab an atomic snapshot of the name cache hash chain lengths
184  */
185 SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, hashstat, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, "hash table stats");
186 
187 static int
188 sysctl_debug_hashstat_rawnchash(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
189 {
190 	int error;
191 	struct nchashhead *ncpp;
192 	struct namecache *ncp;
193 	int n_nchash;
194 	int count;
195 
196 	n_nchash = nchash + 1;	/* nchash is max index, not count */
197 	if (!req->oldptr)
198 		return SYSCTL_OUT(req, 0, n_nchash * sizeof(int));
199 
200 	/* Scan hash tables for applicable entries */
201 	for (ncpp = nchashtbl; n_nchash > 0; n_nchash--, ncpp++) {
202 		CACHE_LOCK();
203 		count = 0;
204 		LIST_FOREACH(ncp, ncpp, nc_hash) {
205 			count++;
206 		}
207 		CACHE_UNLOCK();
208 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &count, sizeof(count));
209 		if (error)
210 			return (error);
211 	}
212 	return (0);
213 }
214 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_hashstat, OID_AUTO, rawnchash, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RD,
215 	0, 0, sysctl_debug_hashstat_rawnchash, "S,int", "nchash chain lengths");
216 
217 static int
218 sysctl_debug_hashstat_nchash(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
219 {
220 	int error;
221 	struct nchashhead *ncpp;
222 	struct namecache *ncp;
223 	int n_nchash;
224 	int count, maxlength, used, pct;
225 
226 	if (!req->oldptr)
227 		return SYSCTL_OUT(req, 0, 4 * sizeof(int));
228 
229 	n_nchash = nchash + 1;	/* nchash is max index, not count */
230 	used = 0;
231 	maxlength = 0;
232 
233 	/* Scan hash tables for applicable entries */
234 	for (ncpp = nchashtbl; n_nchash > 0; n_nchash--, ncpp++) {
235 		count = 0;
236 		CACHE_LOCK();
237 		LIST_FOREACH(ncp, ncpp, nc_hash) {
238 			count++;
239 		}
240 		CACHE_UNLOCK();
241 		if (count)
242 			used++;
243 		if (maxlength < count)
244 			maxlength = count;
245 	}
246 	n_nchash = nchash + 1;
247 	pct = (used * 100 * 100) / n_nchash;
248 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &n_nchash, sizeof(n_nchash));
249 	if (error)
250 		return (error);
251 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &used, sizeof(used));
252 	if (error)
253 		return (error);
254 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &maxlength, sizeof(maxlength));
255 	if (error)
256 		return (error);
257 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &pct, sizeof(pct));
258 	if (error)
259 		return (error);
260 	return (0);
261 }
262 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_hashstat, OID_AUTO, nchash, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RD,
263 	0, 0, sysctl_debug_hashstat_nchash, "I", "nchash chain lengths");
264 
265 /*
266  * cache_zap():
267  *
268  *   Removes a namecache entry from cache, whether it contains an actual
269  *   pointer to a vnode or if it is just a negative cache entry.
270  */
271 static void
272 cache_zap(ncp)
273 	struct namecache *ncp;
274 {
275 	struct vnode *vp;
276 
277 	mtx_assert(&cache_lock, MA_OWNED);
278 	CTR2(KTR_VFS, "cache_zap(%p) vp %p", ncp, ncp->nc_vp);
279 	vp = NULL;
280 	LIST_REMOVE(ncp, nc_hash);
281 	LIST_REMOVE(ncp, nc_src);
282 	if (LIST_EMPTY(&ncp->nc_dvp->v_cache_src)) {
283 		vp = ncp->nc_dvp;
284 		numcachehv--;
285 	}
286 	if (ncp->nc_vp) {
287 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ncp->nc_vp->v_cache_dst, ncp, nc_dst);
288 		ncp->nc_vp->v_dd = NULL;
289 	} else {
290 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ncneg, ncp, nc_dst);
291 		numneg--;
292 	}
293 	numcache--;
294 	cache_free(ncp);
295 	if (vp)
296 		vdrop(vp);
297 }
298 
299 /*
300  * Lookup an entry in the cache
301  *
302  * Lookup is called with dvp pointing to the directory to search,
303  * cnp pointing to the name of the entry being sought. If the lookup
304  * succeeds, the vnode is returned in *vpp, and a status of -1 is
305  * returned. If the lookup determines that the name does not exist
306  * (negative cacheing), a status of ENOENT is returned. If the lookup
307  * fails, a status of zero is returned.
308  *
309  * vpp is locked and ref'd on return.  If we're looking up DOTDOT, dvp is
310  * unlocked.  If we're looking up . an extra ref is taken, but the lock is
311  * not recursively acquired.
312  */
313 
314 int
315 cache_lookup(dvp, vpp, cnp)
316 	struct vnode *dvp;
317 	struct vnode **vpp;
318 	struct componentname *cnp;
319 {
320 	struct namecache *ncp;
321 	u_int32_t hash;
322 	int error, ltype;
323 
324 	if (!doingcache) {
325 		cnp->cn_flags &= ~MAKEENTRY;
326 		return (0);
327 	}
328 retry:
329 	CACHE_LOCK();
330 	numcalls++;
331 
332 	if (cnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.') {
333 		if (cnp->cn_namelen == 1) {
334 			*vpp = dvp;
335 			CTR2(KTR_VFS, "cache_lookup(%p, %s) found via .",
336 			    dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr);
337 			dothits++;
338 			goto success;
339 		}
340 		if (cnp->cn_namelen == 2 && cnp->cn_nameptr[1] == '.') {
341 			dotdothits++;
342 			if (dvp->v_dd == NULL ||
343 			    (cnp->cn_flags & MAKEENTRY) == 0) {
344 				CACHE_UNLOCK();
345 				return (0);
346 			}
347 			*vpp = dvp->v_dd;
348 			CTR3(KTR_VFS, "cache_lookup(%p, %s) found %p via ..",
349 			    dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, *vpp);
350 			goto success;
351 		}
352 	}
353 
354 	hash = fnv_32_buf(cnp->cn_nameptr, cnp->cn_namelen, FNV1_32_INIT);
355 	hash = fnv_32_buf(&dvp, sizeof(dvp), hash);
356 	LIST_FOREACH(ncp, (NCHHASH(hash)), nc_hash) {
357 		numchecks++;
358 		if (ncp->nc_dvp == dvp && ncp->nc_nlen == cnp->cn_namelen &&
359 		    !bcmp(ncp->nc_name, cnp->cn_nameptr, ncp->nc_nlen))
360 			break;
361 	}
362 
363 	/* We failed to find an entry */
364 	if (ncp == 0) {
365 		if ((cnp->cn_flags & MAKEENTRY) == 0) {
366 			nummisszap++;
367 		} else {
368 			nummiss++;
369 		}
370 		nchstats.ncs_miss++;
371 		CACHE_UNLOCK();
372 		return (0);
373 	}
374 
375 	/* We don't want to have an entry, so dump it */
376 	if ((cnp->cn_flags & MAKEENTRY) == 0) {
377 		numposzaps++;
378 		nchstats.ncs_badhits++;
379 		cache_zap(ncp);
380 		CACHE_UNLOCK();
381 		return (0);
382 	}
383 
384 	/* We found a "positive" match, return the vnode */
385 	if (ncp->nc_vp) {
386 		numposhits++;
387 		nchstats.ncs_goodhits++;
388 		*vpp = ncp->nc_vp;
389 		CTR4(KTR_VFS, "cache_lookup(%p, %s) found %p via ncp %p",
390 		    dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, *vpp, ncp);
391 		goto success;
392 	}
393 
394 	/* We found a negative match, and want to create it, so purge */
395 	if (cnp->cn_nameiop == CREATE) {
396 		numnegzaps++;
397 		nchstats.ncs_badhits++;
398 		cache_zap(ncp);
399 		CACHE_UNLOCK();
400 		return (0);
401 	}
402 
403 	numneghits++;
404 	/*
405 	 * We found a "negative" match, so we shift it to the end of
406 	 * the "negative" cache entries queue to satisfy LRU.  Also,
407 	 * check to see if the entry is a whiteout; indicate this to
408 	 * the componentname, if so.
409 	 */
410 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&ncneg, ncp, nc_dst);
411 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ncneg, ncp, nc_dst);
412 	nchstats.ncs_neghits++;
413 	if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_WHITE)
414 		cnp->cn_flags |= ISWHITEOUT;
415 	CACHE_UNLOCK();
416 	return (ENOENT);
417 
418 success:
419 	/*
420 	 * On success we return a locked and ref'd vnode as per the lookup
421 	 * protocol.
422 	 */
423 	if (dvp == *vpp) {   /* lookup on "." */
424 		VREF(*vpp);
425 		CACHE_UNLOCK();
426 		/*
427 		 * When we lookup "." we still can be asked to lock it
428 		 * differently...
429 		 */
430 		ltype = cnp->cn_lkflags & LK_TYPE_MASK;
431 		if (ltype == VOP_ISLOCKED(*vpp))
432 			return (-1);
433 		else if (ltype == LK_EXCLUSIVE)
434 			vn_lock(*vpp, LK_UPGRADE | LK_RETRY);
435 		return (-1);
436 	}
437 	ltype = 0;	/* silence gcc warning */
438 	if (cnp->cn_flags & ISDOTDOT) {
439 		ltype = VOP_ISLOCKED(dvp);
440 		VOP_UNLOCK(dvp, 0);
441 	}
442 	VI_LOCK(*vpp);
443 	CACHE_UNLOCK();
444 	error = vget(*vpp, cnp->cn_lkflags | LK_INTERLOCK, cnp->cn_thread);
445 	if (cnp->cn_flags & ISDOTDOT)
446 		vn_lock(dvp, ltype | LK_RETRY);
447 	if (error) {
448 		*vpp = NULL;
449 		goto retry;
450 	}
451 	if ((cnp->cn_flags & ISLASTCN) &&
452 	    (cnp->cn_lkflags & LK_TYPE_MASK) == LK_EXCLUSIVE) {
453 		ASSERT_VOP_ELOCKED(*vpp, "cache_lookup");
454 	}
455 	return (-1);
456 }
457 
458 /*
459  * Add an entry to the cache.
460  */
461 void
462 cache_enter(dvp, vp, cnp)
463 	struct vnode *dvp;
464 	struct vnode *vp;
465 	struct componentname *cnp;
466 {
467 	struct namecache *ncp;
468 	struct nchashhead *ncpp;
469 	u_int32_t hash;
470 	int hold;
471 	int zap;
472 	int len;
473 
474 	CTR3(KTR_VFS, "cache_enter(%p, %p, %s)", dvp, vp, cnp->cn_nameptr);
475 	VNASSERT(vp == NULL || (vp->v_iflag & VI_DOOMED) == 0, vp,
476 	    ("cahe_enter: Adding a doomed vnode"));
477 
478 	if (!doingcache)
479 		return;
480 
481 	if (cnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.') {
482 		if (cnp->cn_namelen == 1) {
483 			return;
484 		}
485 		/*
486 		 * For dotdot lookups only cache the v_dd pointer if the
487 		 * directory has a link back to its parent via v_cache_dst.
488 		 * Without this an unlinked directory would keep a soft
489 		 * reference to its parent which could not be NULLd at
490 		 * cache_purge() time.
491 		 */
492 		if (cnp->cn_namelen == 2 && cnp->cn_nameptr[1] == '.') {
493 			CACHE_LOCK();
494 			if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&dvp->v_cache_dst))
495 				dvp->v_dd = vp;
496 			CACHE_UNLOCK();
497 			return;
498 		}
499 	}
500 
501 	hold = 0;
502 	zap = 0;
503 
504 	/*
505 	 * Calculate the hash key and setup as much of the new
506 	 * namecache entry as possible before acquiring the lock.
507 	 */
508 	ncp = cache_alloc(cnp->cn_namelen);
509 	ncp->nc_vp = vp;
510 	ncp->nc_dvp = dvp;
511 	len = ncp->nc_nlen = cnp->cn_namelen;
512 	hash = fnv_32_buf(cnp->cn_nameptr, len, FNV1_32_INIT);
513 	bcopy(cnp->cn_nameptr, ncp->nc_name, len);
514 	hash = fnv_32_buf(&dvp, sizeof(dvp), hash);
515 	CACHE_LOCK();
516 
517 	/*
518 	 * See if this vnode is already in the cache with this name.
519 	 * This can happen with concurrent lookups of the same path
520 	 * name.
521 	 */
522 	if (vp) {
523 		struct namecache *n2;
524 
525 		TAILQ_FOREACH(n2, &vp->v_cache_dst, nc_dst) {
526 			if (n2->nc_dvp == dvp &&
527 			    n2->nc_nlen == cnp->cn_namelen &&
528 			    !bcmp(n2->nc_name, cnp->cn_nameptr, n2->nc_nlen)) {
529 				CACHE_UNLOCK();
530 				cache_free(ncp);
531 				return;
532 			}
533 		}
534 	}
535 
536 	numcache++;
537 	if (!vp) {
538 		numneg++;
539 		ncp->nc_flag = cnp->cn_flags & ISWHITEOUT ? NCF_WHITE : 0;
540 	} else if (vp->v_type == VDIR) {
541 		vp->v_dd = dvp;
542 	} else {
543 		vp->v_dd = NULL;
544 	}
545 
546 	/*
547 	 * Insert the new namecache entry into the appropriate chain
548 	 * within the cache entries table.
549 	 */
550 	ncpp = NCHHASH(hash);
551 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(ncpp, ncp, nc_hash);
552 	if (LIST_EMPTY(&dvp->v_cache_src)) {
553 		hold = 1;
554 		numcachehv++;
555 	}
556 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&dvp->v_cache_src, ncp, nc_src);
557 	/*
558 	 * If the entry is "negative", we place it into the
559 	 * "negative" cache queue, otherwise, we place it into the
560 	 * destination vnode's cache entries queue.
561 	 */
562 	if (vp) {
563 		TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vp->v_cache_dst, ncp, nc_dst);
564 	} else {
565 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ncneg, ncp, nc_dst);
566 	}
567 	if (numneg * ncnegfactor > numcache) {
568 		ncp = TAILQ_FIRST(&ncneg);
569 		zap = 1;
570 	}
571 	if (hold)
572 		vhold(dvp);
573 	if (zap)
574 		cache_zap(ncp);
575 	CACHE_UNLOCK();
576 }
577 
578 /*
579  * Name cache initialization, from vfs_init() when we are booting
580  */
581 static void
582 nchinit(void *dummy __unused)
583 {
584 
585 	TAILQ_INIT(&ncneg);
586 
587 	cache_zone_small = uma_zcreate("S VFS Cache", CACHE_ZONE_SMALL, NULL,
588 	    NULL, NULL, NULL, UMA_ALIGN_PTR, UMA_ZONE_ZINIT);
589 	cache_zone_large = uma_zcreate("L VFS Cache", CACHE_ZONE_LARGE, NULL,
590 	    NULL, NULL, NULL, UMA_ALIGN_PTR, UMA_ZONE_ZINIT);
591 
592 	nchashtbl = hashinit(desiredvnodes * 2, M_VFSCACHE, &nchash);
593 }
594 SYSINIT(vfs, SI_SUB_VFS, SI_ORDER_SECOND, nchinit, NULL);
595 
596 
597 /*
598  * Invalidate all entries to a particular vnode.
599  */
600 void
601 cache_purge(vp)
602 	struct vnode *vp;
603 {
604 
605 	CTR1(KTR_VFS, "cache_purge(%p)", vp);
606 	CACHE_LOCK();
607 	while (!LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_cache_src))
608 		cache_zap(LIST_FIRST(&vp->v_cache_src));
609 	while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&vp->v_cache_dst))
610 		cache_zap(TAILQ_FIRST(&vp->v_cache_dst));
611 	vp->v_dd = NULL;
612 	CACHE_UNLOCK();
613 }
614 
615 /*
616  * Flush all entries referencing a particular filesystem.
617  */
618 void
619 cache_purgevfs(mp)
620 	struct mount *mp;
621 {
622 	struct nchashhead *ncpp;
623 	struct namecache *ncp, *nnp;
624 
625 	/* Scan hash tables for applicable entries */
626 	CACHE_LOCK();
627 	for (ncpp = &nchashtbl[nchash]; ncpp >= nchashtbl; ncpp--) {
628 		LIST_FOREACH_SAFE(ncp, ncpp, nc_hash, nnp) {
629 			if (ncp->nc_dvp->v_mount == mp)
630 				cache_zap(ncp);
631 		}
632 	}
633 	CACHE_UNLOCK();
634 }
635 
636 /*
637  * Perform canonical checks and cache lookup and pass on to filesystem
638  * through the vop_cachedlookup only if needed.
639  */
640 
641 int
642 vfs_cache_lookup(ap)
643 	struct vop_lookup_args /* {
644 		struct vnode *a_dvp;
645 		struct vnode **a_vpp;
646 		struct componentname *a_cnp;
647 	} */ *ap;
648 {
649 	struct vnode *dvp;
650 	int error;
651 	struct vnode **vpp = ap->a_vpp;
652 	struct componentname *cnp = ap->a_cnp;
653 	struct ucred *cred = cnp->cn_cred;
654 	int flags = cnp->cn_flags;
655 	struct thread *td = cnp->cn_thread;
656 
657 	*vpp = NULL;
658 	dvp = ap->a_dvp;
659 
660 	if (dvp->v_type != VDIR)
661 		return (ENOTDIR);
662 
663 	if ((flags & ISLASTCN) && (dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) &&
664 	    (cnp->cn_nameiop == DELETE || cnp->cn_nameiop == RENAME))
665 		return (EROFS);
666 
667 	error = VOP_ACCESS(dvp, VEXEC, cred, td);
668 	if (error)
669 		return (error);
670 
671 	error = cache_lookup(dvp, vpp, cnp);
672 	if (error == 0)
673 		return (VOP_CACHEDLOOKUP(dvp, vpp, cnp));
674 	if (error == ENOENT)
675 		return (error);
676 	return (0);
677 }
678 
679 
680 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
681 struct  __getcwd_args {
682 	u_char	*buf;
683 	u_int	buflen;
684 };
685 #endif
686 
687 /*
688  * XXX All of these sysctls would probably be more productive dead.
689  */
690 static int disablecwd;
691 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, disablecwd, CTLFLAG_RW, &disablecwd, 0,
692    "Disable the getcwd syscall");
693 
694 /* Implementation of the getcwd syscall. */
695 int
696 __getcwd(td, uap)
697 	struct thread *td;
698 	struct __getcwd_args *uap;
699 {
700 
701 	return (kern___getcwd(td, uap->buf, UIO_USERSPACE, uap->buflen));
702 }
703 
704 int
705 kern___getcwd(struct thread *td, u_char *buf, enum uio_seg bufseg, u_int buflen)
706 {
707 	char *bp, *tmpbuf;
708 	struct filedesc *fdp;
709 	int error;
710 
711 	if (disablecwd)
712 		return (ENODEV);
713 	if (buflen < 2)
714 		return (EINVAL);
715 	if (buflen > MAXPATHLEN)
716 		buflen = MAXPATHLEN;
717 
718 	tmpbuf = malloc(buflen, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
719 	fdp = td->td_proc->p_fd;
720 	FILEDESC_SLOCK(fdp);
721 	error = vn_fullpath1(td, fdp->fd_cdir, fdp->fd_rdir, tmpbuf,
722 	    &bp, buflen);
723 	FILEDESC_SUNLOCK(fdp);
724 
725 	if (!error) {
726 		if (bufseg == UIO_SYSSPACE)
727 			bcopy(bp, buf, strlen(bp) + 1);
728 		else
729 			error = copyout(bp, buf, strlen(bp) + 1);
730 	}
731 	free(tmpbuf, M_TEMP);
732 	return (error);
733 }
734 
735 /*
736  * Thus begins the fullpath magic.
737  */
738 
739 #undef STATNODE
740 #define STATNODE(name)							\
741 	static u_int name;						\
742 	SYSCTL_UINT(_vfs_cache, OID_AUTO, name, CTLFLAG_RD, &name, 0, "")
743 
744 static int disablefullpath;
745 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, disablefullpath, CTLFLAG_RW, &disablefullpath, 0,
746 	"Disable the vn_fullpath function");
747 
748 /* These count for kern___getcwd(), too. */
749 STATNODE(numfullpathcalls);
750 STATNODE(numfullpathfail1);
751 STATNODE(numfullpathfail2);
752 STATNODE(numfullpathfail4);
753 STATNODE(numfullpathfound);
754 
755 /*
756  * Retrieve the full filesystem path that correspond to a vnode from the name
757  * cache (if available)
758  */
759 int
760 vn_fullpath(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vn, char **retbuf, char **freebuf)
761 {
762 	char *buf;
763 	struct filedesc *fdp;
764 	int error;
765 
766 	if (disablefullpath)
767 		return (ENODEV);
768 	if (vn == NULL)
769 		return (EINVAL);
770 
771 	buf = malloc(MAXPATHLEN, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
772 	fdp = td->td_proc->p_fd;
773 	FILEDESC_SLOCK(fdp);
774 	error = vn_fullpath1(td, vn, fdp->fd_rdir, buf, retbuf, MAXPATHLEN);
775 	FILEDESC_SUNLOCK(fdp);
776 
777 	if (!error)
778 		*freebuf = buf;
779 	else
780 		free(buf, M_TEMP);
781 	return (error);
782 }
783 
784 /*
785  * This function is similar to vn_fullpath, but it attempts to lookup the
786  * pathname relative to the global root mount point.  This is required for the
787  * auditing sub-system, as audited pathnames must be absolute, relative to the
788  * global root mount point.
789  */
790 int
791 vn_fullpath_global(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vn,
792     char **retbuf, char **freebuf)
793 {
794 	char *buf;
795 	int error;
796 
797 	if (disablefullpath)
798 		return (ENODEV);
799 	if (vn == NULL)
800 		return (EINVAL);
801 	buf = malloc(MAXPATHLEN, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
802 	error = vn_fullpath1(td, vn, rootvnode, buf, retbuf, MAXPATHLEN);
803 	if (!error)
804 		*freebuf = buf;
805 	else
806 		free(buf, M_TEMP);
807 	return (error);
808 }
809 
810 /*
811  * The magic behind kern___getcwd() and vn_fullpath().
812  */
813 static int
814 vn_fullpath1(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vp, struct vnode *rdir,
815     char *buf, char **retbuf, u_int buflen)
816 {
817 	char *bp;
818 	int error, i, slash_prefixed;
819 	struct namecache *ncp;
820 
821 	bp = buf + buflen - 1;
822 	*bp = '\0';
823 	error = 0;
824 	slash_prefixed = 0;
825 
826 	CACHE_LOCK();
827 	numfullpathcalls++;
828 	if (vp->v_type != VDIR) {
829 		ncp = TAILQ_FIRST(&vp->v_cache_dst);
830 		if (!ncp) {
831 			numfullpathfail2++;
832 			CACHE_UNLOCK();
833 			return (ENOENT);
834 		}
835 		for (i = ncp->nc_nlen - 1; i >= 0 && bp > buf; i--)
836 			*--bp = ncp->nc_name[i];
837 		if (bp == buf) {
838 			numfullpathfail4++;
839 			CACHE_UNLOCK();
840 			return (ENOMEM);
841 		}
842 		*--bp = '/';
843 		slash_prefixed = 1;
844 		vp = ncp->nc_dvp;
845 	}
846 	while (vp != rdir && vp != rootvnode) {
847 		if (vp->v_vflag & VV_ROOT) {
848 			if (vp->v_iflag & VI_DOOMED) {	/* forced unmount */
849 				error = EBADF;
850 				break;
851 			}
852 			vp = vp->v_mount->mnt_vnodecovered;
853 			continue;
854 		}
855 		if (vp->v_dd == NULL) {
856 			numfullpathfail1++;
857 			error = ENOTDIR;
858 			break;
859 		}
860 		ncp = TAILQ_FIRST(&vp->v_cache_dst);
861 		if (!ncp) {
862 			numfullpathfail2++;
863 			error = ENOENT;
864 			break;
865 		}
866 		MPASS(ncp->nc_dvp == vp->v_dd);
867 		for (i = ncp->nc_nlen - 1; i >= 0 && bp != buf; i--)
868 			*--bp = ncp->nc_name[i];
869 		if (bp == buf) {
870 			numfullpathfail4++;
871 			error = ENOMEM;
872 			break;
873 		}
874 		*--bp = '/';
875 		slash_prefixed = 1;
876 		vp = ncp->nc_dvp;
877 	}
878 	if (error) {
879 		CACHE_UNLOCK();
880 		return (error);
881 	}
882 	if (!slash_prefixed) {
883 		if (bp == buf) {
884 			numfullpathfail4++;
885 			CACHE_UNLOCK();
886 			return (ENOMEM);
887 		} else {
888 			*--bp = '/';
889 		}
890 	}
891 	numfullpathfound++;
892 	CACHE_UNLOCK();
893 
894 	*retbuf = bp;
895 	return (0);
896 }
897 
898 int
899 vn_commname(struct vnode *vp, char *buf, u_int buflen)
900 {
901 	struct namecache *ncp;
902 	int l;
903 
904 	CACHE_LOCK();
905 	ncp = TAILQ_FIRST(&vp->v_cache_dst);
906 	if (!ncp) {
907 		CACHE_UNLOCK();
908 		return (ENOENT);
909 	}
910 	l = min(ncp->nc_nlen, buflen - 1);
911 	memcpy(buf, ncp->nc_name, l);
912 	CACHE_UNLOCK();
913 	buf[l] = '\0';
914 	return (0);
915 }
916