xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/vfs_cache.c (revision 8e6b01171e30297084bb0b4457c4183c2746aacc)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 1995
5  *	Poul-Henning Kamp.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
18  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
19  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  *
35  *	@(#)vfs_cache.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 8/22/94
36  * $Id: vfs_cache.c,v 1.15 1995/05/30 08:06:28 rgrimes Exp $
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/systm.h>
41 #include <sys/time.h>
42 #include <sys/mount.h>
43 #include <sys/vnode.h>
44 #include <sys/namei.h>
45 #include <sys/errno.h>
46 #include <sys/malloc.h>
47 
48 /*
49  * Name caching works as follows:
50  *
51  * Names found by directory scans are retained in a cache
52  * for future reference.  It is managed LRU, so frequently
53  * used names will hang around.  Cache is indexed by hash value
54  * obtained from (vp, name) where vp refers to the directory
55  * containing name.
56  *
57  * If it is a "negative" entry, (that we know a name to >not< exist)
58  * we point out entry at our own "nchENOENT", to avoid too much special
59  * casing in the inner loops of lookup.
60  *
61  * For simplicity (and economy of storage), names longer than
62  * a maximum length of NCHNAMLEN are not cached; they occur
63  * infrequently in any case, and are almost never of interest.
64  *
65  * Upon reaching the last segment of a path, if the reference
66  * is for DELETE, or NOCACHE is set (rewrite), and the
67  * name is located in the cache, it will be dropped.
68  */
69 
70 /*
71  * Structures associated with name cacheing.
72  */
73 LIST_HEAD(nchashhead, namecache) *nchashtbl;	/* Hash Table */
74 TAILQ_HEAD(, namecache) nclruhead;	/* LRU chain */
75 u_long	nchash;				/* size of hash table */
76 struct nchstats nchstats;		/* cache effectiveness statistics */
77 struct vnode nchENOENT;			/* our own "novnode" */
78 int doingcache = 1;			/* 1 => enable the cache */
79 u_long	nextvnodeid;
80 u_long	numcache;
81 u_long	numvnodes;
82 
83 #ifdef NCH_STATISTICS
84 u_long	nchnbr;
85 #define NCHNBR(ncp) (ncp)->nc_nbr = ++nchnbr;
86 #define NCHHIT(ncp) (ncp)->nc_hits++
87 #else
88 #define NCHNBR(ncp)
89 #define NCHHIT(ncp)
90 #endif
91 
92 #define PURGE(ncp)  {						\
93 	LIST_REMOVE(ncp, nc_hash);				\
94 	ncp->nc_hash.le_prev = 0;				\
95 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&nclruhead, ncp, nc_lru);			\
96 	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&nclruhead, ncp, nc_lru); }
97 
98 #define TOUCH(ncp)  {						\
99 	if (ncp->nc_lru.tqe_next == 0) { } else {		\
100 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&nclruhead, ncp, nc_lru);		\
101 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&nclruhead, ncp, nc_lru);	\
102 		NCHNBR(ncp); } }
103 
104 /*
105  * Lookup an entry in the cache
106  *
107  * We don't do this if the segment name is long, simply so the cache
108  * can avoid holding long names (which would either waste space, or
109  * add greatly to the complexity).
110  *
111  * Lookup is called with dvp pointing to the directory to search,
112  * cnp pointing to the name of the entry being sought.
113  * If the lookup succeeds, the vnode is returned in *vpp, and a status
114  * of -1 is returned.
115  * If the lookup determines that the name does not exist (negative cacheing),
116  * a status of ENOENT is returned.
117  * If the lookup fails, a status of zero is returned.
118  */
119 
120 int
121 cache_lookup(dvp, vpp, cnp)
122 	struct vnode *dvp;
123 	struct vnode **vpp;
124 	struct componentname *cnp;
125 {
126 	register struct namecache *ncp,*nnp;
127 	register struct nchashhead *ncpp;
128 
129 	if (!doingcache) {
130 		cnp->cn_flags &= ~MAKEENTRY;
131 		return (0);
132 	}
133 
134 	if (cnp->cn_namelen > NCHNAMLEN) {
135 		nchstats.ncs_long++;
136 		cnp->cn_flags &= ~MAKEENTRY;
137 		return (0);
138 	}
139 
140 	ncpp = &nchashtbl[(dvp->v_id + cnp->cn_hash) % nchash];
141 	for (ncp = ncpp->lh_first; ncp != 0; ncp = nnp) {
142 		nnp = ncp->nc_hash.le_next;
143 		/* If one of the vp's went stale, don't bother anymore. */
144 		if ((ncp->nc_dvpid != ncp->nc_dvp->v_id) ||
145 		    (ncp->nc_vpid  != ncp->nc_vp->v_id)) {
146 			nchstats.ncs_falsehits++;
147 			PURGE(ncp);
148 			continue;
149 		}
150 		/* Now that we know the vp's to be valid, is it ours ? */
151 		if (ncp->nc_dvp == dvp &&
152 		    ncp->nc_nlen == cnp->cn_namelen &&
153 		    !bcmp(ncp->nc_name, cnp->cn_nameptr, (u_int)ncp->nc_nlen))
154 			goto found;	/* Fanatism considered bad. */
155 	}
156 	nchstats.ncs_miss++;
157 	return (0);
158 
159     found:
160 	NCHHIT(ncp);
161 
162 	/* We don't want to have an entry, so dump it */
163 	if ((cnp->cn_flags & MAKEENTRY) == 0) {
164 		nchstats.ncs_badhits++;
165 		PURGE(ncp);
166 		return (0);
167 	}
168 
169 	/* We found a "positive" match, return the vnode */
170         if (ncp->nc_vp != &nchENOENT) {
171 		nchstats.ncs_goodhits++;
172 		TOUCH(ncp);
173 		*vpp = ncp->nc_vp;
174 		return (-1);
175 	}
176 
177 	/* We found a negative match, and want to create it, so purge */
178 	if (cnp->cn_nameiop == CREATE) {
179 		nchstats.ncs_badhits++;
180 		PURGE(ncp);
181 		return (0);
182 	}
183 
184 	/* The name does not exists */
185 	nchstats.ncs_neghits++;
186 	TOUCH(ncp);
187 	return (ENOENT);
188 }
189 
190 /*
191  * Add an entry to the cache.
192  */
193 
194 void
195 cache_enter(dvp, vp, cnp)
196 	struct vnode *dvp;
197 	struct vnode *vp;
198 	struct componentname *cnp;
199 {
200 	register struct namecache *ncp;
201 	register struct nchashhead *ncpp;
202 
203 	if (!doingcache)
204 		return;
205 
206 	if (cnp->cn_namelen > NCHNAMLEN) {
207 		printf("cache_enter: name too long");
208 		return;
209 	}
210 
211 	if (numcache < numvnodes) {
212 		/* Add one more entry */
213 		ncp = (struct namecache *)
214 			malloc((u_long)sizeof *ncp, M_CACHE, M_WAITOK);
215 		bzero((char *)ncp, sizeof *ncp);
216 		numcache++;
217 	} else if (ncp = nclruhead.tqh_first) {
218 		/* reuse an old entry */
219 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&nclruhead, ncp, nc_lru);
220 		if (ncp->nc_hash.le_prev != 0) {
221 			LIST_REMOVE(ncp, nc_hash);
222 			ncp->nc_hash.le_prev = 0;
223 		}
224 	} else {
225 		/* give up */
226 		return;
227 	}
228 
229 	/* If vp is NULL this is a "negative" cache entry */
230 	if (!vp)
231 		vp = &nchENOENT;
232 
233 	/* fill in cache info */
234 	ncp->nc_vp = vp;
235 	ncp->nc_vpid = vp->v_id;
236 	ncp->nc_dvp = dvp;
237 	ncp->nc_dvpid = dvp->v_id;
238 	ncp->nc_nlen = cnp->cn_namelen;
239 	bcopy(cnp->cn_nameptr, ncp->nc_name, (unsigned)ncp->nc_nlen);
240 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&nclruhead, ncp, nc_lru);
241 	ncpp = &nchashtbl[(dvp->v_id + cnp->cn_hash) % nchash];
242 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(ncpp, ncp, nc_hash);
243 }
244 
245 /*
246  * Name cache initialization, from vfs_init() when we are booting
247  */
248 
249 void
250 nchinit()
251 {
252 
253 	TAILQ_INIT(&nclruhead);
254 	nchashtbl = phashinit(desiredvnodes, M_CACHE, &nchash);
255 	nchENOENT.v_id = 1;
256 }
257 
258 /*
259  * Invalidate a all entries to particular vnode.
260  *
261  * We actually just increment the v_id, that will do it.  The entries will
262  * be purged by lookup as they get found.
263  * If the v_id wraps around, we need to ditch the entire cache, to avoid
264  * confusion.
265  * No valid vnode will ever have (v_id == 0).
266  */
267 
268 void
269 cache_purge(vp)
270 	struct vnode *vp;
271 {
272 	struct nchashhead *ncpp;
273 
274 	vp->v_id = ++nextvnodeid;
275 	if (nextvnodeid != 0)
276 		return;
277 	for (ncpp = &nchashtbl[nchash - 1]; ncpp >= nchashtbl; ncpp--) {
278 		while(ncpp->lh_first)
279 			PURGE(ncpp->lh_first);
280 	}
281 	vp->v_id = ++nextvnodeid;
282 }
283 
284 /*
285  * Flush all entries referencing a particular filesystem.
286  *
287  * Since we need to check it anyway, we will flush all the invalid
288  * entriess at the same time.
289  *
290  * If we purge anything, we scan the hash-bucket again.  There is only
291  * a handful of entries, so it cheap and simple.
292  */
293 
294 void
295 cache_purgevfs(mp)
296 	struct mount *mp;
297 {
298 	struct nchashhead *ncpp;
299 	struct namecache *ncp, *nxtcp;
300 
301 	/* Scan hash tables for applicable entries */
302 	for (ncpp = &nchashtbl[nchash - 1]; ncpp >= nchashtbl; ncpp--) {
303 		ncp = ncpp->lh_first;
304 		while(ncp) {
305 			if (ncp->nc_dvpid != ncp->nc_dvp->v_id ||
306 			    ncp->nc_vpid != ncp->nc_vp->v_id ||
307 			    ncp->nc_dvp->v_mount == mp) {
308 				PURGE(ncp);
309 				ncp = ncpp->lh_first;
310 			} else {
311 				ncp = ncp->nc_hash.le_next;
312 			}
313 		}
314 	}
315 }
316