xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/vfs_cache.c (revision 70a8349311934f20fcb65e763b8ac80134446796)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993, 1995
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Poul-Henning Kamp of the FreeBSD Project.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  *	@(#)vfs_cache.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 3/22/95
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
39 
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <sys/systm.h>
42 #include <sys/counter.h>
43 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
44 #include <sys/fnv_hash.h>
45 #include <sys/kernel.h>
46 #include <sys/lock.h>
47 #include <sys/malloc.h>
48 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 #include <sys/namei.h>
51 #include <sys/proc.h>
52 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
53 #include <sys/sdt.h>
54 #include <sys/smp.h>
55 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
56 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
57 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
58 #include <sys/vnode.h>
59 #ifdef KTRACE
60 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
61 #endif
62 
63 #include <vm/uma.h>
64 
65 SDT_PROVIDER_DECLARE(vfs);
66 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE3(vfs, namecache, enter, done, "struct vnode *", "char *",
67     "struct vnode *");
68 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE2(vfs, namecache, enter_negative, done, "struct vnode *",
69     "char *");
70 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE1(vfs, namecache, fullpath, entry, "struct vnode *");
71 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, hit, "struct vnode *",
72     "char *", "struct vnode *");
73 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE1(vfs, namecache, fullpath, miss, "struct vnode *");
74 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, return, "int",
75     "struct vnode *", "char *");
76 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE3(vfs, namecache, lookup, hit, "struct vnode *", "char *",
77     "struct vnode *");
78 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE2(vfs, namecache, lookup, hit__negative,
79     "struct vnode *", "char *");
80 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE2(vfs, namecache, lookup, miss, "struct vnode *",
81     "char *");
82 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE1(vfs, namecache, purge, done, "struct vnode *");
83 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE1(vfs, namecache, purge_negative, done, "struct vnode *");
84 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE1(vfs, namecache, purgevfs, done, "struct mount *");
85 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE3(vfs, namecache, zap, done, "struct vnode *", "char *",
86     "struct vnode *");
87 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE3(vfs, namecache, zap_negative, done, "struct vnode *",
88     "char *", "int");
89 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE3(vfs, namecache, shrink_negative, done, "struct vnode *",
90     "char *", "int");
91 
92 /*
93  * This structure describes the elements in the cache of recent
94  * names looked up by namei.
95  */
96 
97 struct	namecache {
98 	LIST_ENTRY(namecache) nc_hash;	/* hash chain */
99 	LIST_ENTRY(namecache) nc_src;	/* source vnode list */
100 	TAILQ_ENTRY(namecache) nc_dst;	/* destination vnode list */
101 	struct	vnode *nc_dvp;		/* vnode of parent of name */
102 	union {
103 		struct	vnode *nu_vp;	/* vnode the name refers to */
104 		u_int	nu_neghits;	/* negative entry hits */
105 	} n_un;
106 	u_char	nc_flag;		/* flag bits */
107 	u_char	nc_nlen;		/* length of name */
108 	char	nc_name[0];		/* segment name + nul */
109 };
110 
111 /*
112  * struct namecache_ts repeats struct namecache layout up to the
113  * nc_nlen member.
114  * struct namecache_ts is used in place of struct namecache when time(s) need
115  * to be stored.  The nc_dotdottime field is used when a cache entry is mapping
116  * both a non-dotdot directory name plus dotdot for the directory's
117  * parent.
118  */
119 struct	namecache_ts {
120 	struct	timespec nc_time;	/* timespec provided by fs */
121 	struct	timespec nc_dotdottime;	/* dotdot timespec provided by fs */
122 	int	nc_ticks;		/* ticks value when entry was added */
123 	struct namecache nc_nc;
124 };
125 
126 #define	nc_vp		n_un.nu_vp
127 #define	nc_neghits	n_un.nu_neghits
128 
129 /*
130  * Flags in namecache.nc_flag
131  */
132 #define NCF_WHITE	0x01
133 #define NCF_ISDOTDOT	0x02
134 #define	NCF_TS		0x04
135 #define	NCF_DTS		0x08
136 #define	NCF_DVDROP	0x10
137 #define	NCF_NEGATIVE	0x20
138 #define	NCF_HOTNEGATIVE	0x40
139 
140 /*
141  * Name caching works as follows:
142  *
143  * Names found by directory scans are retained in a cache
144  * for future reference.  It is managed LRU, so frequently
145  * used names will hang around.  Cache is indexed by hash value
146  * obtained from (vp, name) where vp refers to the directory
147  * containing name.
148  *
149  * If it is a "negative" entry, (i.e. for a name that is known NOT to
150  * exist) the vnode pointer will be NULL.
151  *
152  * Upon reaching the last segment of a path, if the reference
153  * is for DELETE, or NOCACHE is set (rewrite), and the
154  * name is located in the cache, it will be dropped.
155  *
156  * These locks are used (in the order in which they can be taken):
157  * NAME		TYPE	ROLE
158  * vnodelock	mtx	vnode lists and v_cache_dd field protection
159  * bucketlock	rwlock	for access to given set of hash buckets
160  * neglist	mtx	negative entry LRU management
161  *
162  * Additionally, ncneg_shrink_lock mtx is used to have at most one thread
163  * shrinking the LRU list.
164  *
165  * It is legal to take multiple vnodelock and bucketlock locks. The locking
166  * order is lower address first. Both are recursive.
167  *
168  * "." lookups are lockless.
169  *
170  * ".." and vnode -> name lookups require vnodelock.
171  *
172  * name -> vnode lookup requires the relevant bucketlock to be held for reading.
173  *
174  * Insertions and removals of entries require involved vnodes and bucketlocks
175  * to be write-locked to prevent other threads from seeing the entry.
176  *
177  * Some lookups result in removal of the found entry (e.g. getting rid of a
178  * negative entry with the intent to create a positive one), which poses a
179  * problem when multiple threads reach the state. Similarly, two different
180  * threads can purge two different vnodes and try to remove the same name.
181  *
182  * If the already held vnode lock is lower than the second required lock, we
183  * can just take the other lock. However, in the opposite case, this could
184  * deadlock. As such, this is resolved by trylocking and if that fails unlocking
185  * the first node, locking everything in order and revalidating the state.
186  */
187 
188 /*
189  * Structures associated with name caching.
190  */
191 #define NCHHASH(hash) \
192 	(&nchashtbl[(hash) & nchash])
193 static __read_mostly LIST_HEAD(nchashhead, namecache) *nchashtbl;/* Hash Table */
194 static u_long __read_mostly	nchash;			/* size of hash table */
195 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, nchash, CTLFLAG_RD, &nchash, 0,
196     "Size of namecache hash table");
197 static u_long __read_mostly	ncnegfactor = 12; /* ratio of negative entries */
198 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vfs, OID_AUTO, ncnegfactor, CTLFLAG_RW, &ncnegfactor, 0,
199     "Ratio of negative namecache entries");
200 static u_long __exclusive_cache_line	numneg;	/* number of negative entries allocated */
201 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, numneg, CTLFLAG_RD, &numneg, 0,
202     "Number of negative entries in namecache");
203 static u_long __exclusive_cache_line	numcache;/* number of cache entries allocated */
204 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, numcache, CTLFLAG_RD, &numcache, 0,
205     "Number of namecache entries");
206 static u_long __exclusive_cache_line	numcachehv;/* number of cache entries with vnodes held */
207 SYSCTL_ULONG(_debug, OID_AUTO, numcachehv, CTLFLAG_RD, &numcachehv, 0,
208     "Number of namecache entries with vnodes held");
209 u_int __read_mostly	ncsizefactor = 2;
210 SYSCTL_UINT(_vfs, OID_AUTO, ncsizefactor, CTLFLAG_RW, &ncsizefactor, 0,
211     "Size factor for namecache");
212 static u_int __read_mostly	ncpurgeminvnodes;
213 SYSCTL_UINT(_vfs, OID_AUTO, ncpurgeminvnodes, CTLFLAG_RW, &ncpurgeminvnodes, 0,
214     "Number of vnodes below which purgevfs ignores the request");
215 static u_int __read_mostly	ncneghitsrequeue = 8;
216 SYSCTL_UINT(_vfs, OID_AUTO, ncneghitsrequeue, CTLFLAG_RW, &ncneghitsrequeue, 0,
217     "Number of hits to requeue a negative entry in the LRU list");
218 
219 struct nchstats	nchstats;		/* cache effectiveness statistics */
220 
221 static struct mtx       ncneg_shrink_lock;
222 static int	shrink_list_turn;
223 
224 struct neglist {
225 	struct mtx		nl_lock;
226 	TAILQ_HEAD(, namecache) nl_list;
227 } __aligned(CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
228 
229 static struct neglist __read_mostly	*neglists;
230 static struct neglist ncneg_hot;
231 
232 #define	numneglists (ncneghash + 1)
233 static u_int __read_mostly	ncneghash;
234 static inline struct neglist *
235 NCP2NEGLIST(struct namecache *ncp)
236 {
237 
238 	return (&neglists[(((uintptr_t)(ncp) >> 8) & ncneghash)]);
239 }
240 
241 #define	numbucketlocks (ncbuckethash + 1)
242 static u_int __read_mostly  ncbuckethash;
243 static struct rwlock_padalign __read_mostly  *bucketlocks;
244 #define	HASH2BUCKETLOCK(hash) \
245 	((struct rwlock *)(&bucketlocks[((hash) & ncbuckethash)]))
246 
247 #define	numvnodelocks (ncvnodehash + 1)
248 static u_int __read_mostly  ncvnodehash;
249 static struct mtx __read_mostly *vnodelocks;
250 static inline struct mtx *
251 VP2VNODELOCK(struct vnode *vp)
252 {
253 
254 	return (&vnodelocks[(((uintptr_t)(vp) >> 8) & ncvnodehash)]);
255 }
256 
257 /*
258  * UMA zones for the VFS cache.
259  *
260  * The small cache is used for entries with short names, which are the
261  * most common.  The large cache is used for entries which are too big to
262  * fit in the small cache.
263  */
264 static uma_zone_t __read_mostly cache_zone_small;
265 static uma_zone_t __read_mostly cache_zone_small_ts;
266 static uma_zone_t __read_mostly cache_zone_large;
267 static uma_zone_t __read_mostly cache_zone_large_ts;
268 
269 #define	CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF	35
270 
271 static struct namecache *
272 cache_alloc(int len, int ts)
273 {
274 	struct namecache_ts *ncp_ts;
275 	struct namecache *ncp;
276 
277 	if (__predict_false(ts)) {
278 		if (len <= CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF)
279 			ncp_ts = uma_zalloc(cache_zone_small_ts, M_WAITOK);
280 		else
281 			ncp_ts = uma_zalloc(cache_zone_large_ts, M_WAITOK);
282 		ncp = &ncp_ts->nc_nc;
283 	} else {
284 		if (len <= CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF)
285 			ncp = uma_zalloc(cache_zone_small, M_WAITOK);
286 		else
287 			ncp = uma_zalloc(cache_zone_large, M_WAITOK);
288 	}
289 	return (ncp);
290 }
291 
292 static void
293 cache_free(struct namecache *ncp)
294 {
295 	struct namecache_ts *ncp_ts;
296 
297 	if (ncp == NULL)
298 		return;
299 	if ((ncp->nc_flag & NCF_DVDROP) != 0)
300 		vdrop(ncp->nc_dvp);
301 	if (__predict_false(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_TS)) {
302 		ncp_ts = __containerof(ncp, struct namecache_ts, nc_nc);
303 		if (ncp->nc_nlen <= CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF)
304 			uma_zfree(cache_zone_small_ts, ncp_ts);
305 		else
306 			uma_zfree(cache_zone_large_ts, ncp_ts);
307 	} else {
308 		if (ncp->nc_nlen <= CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF)
309 			uma_zfree(cache_zone_small, ncp);
310 		else
311 			uma_zfree(cache_zone_large, ncp);
312 	}
313 }
314 
315 static void
316 cache_out_ts(struct namecache *ncp, struct timespec *tsp, int *ticksp)
317 {
318 	struct namecache_ts *ncp_ts;
319 
320 	KASSERT((ncp->nc_flag & NCF_TS) != 0 ||
321 	    (tsp == NULL && ticksp == NULL),
322 	    ("No NCF_TS"));
323 
324 	if (tsp == NULL && ticksp == NULL)
325 		return;
326 
327 	ncp_ts = __containerof(ncp, struct namecache_ts, nc_nc);
328 	if (tsp != NULL)
329 		*tsp = ncp_ts->nc_time;
330 	if (ticksp != NULL)
331 		*ticksp = ncp_ts->nc_ticks;
332 }
333 
334 static int __read_mostly	doingcache = 1;	/* 1 => enable the cache */
335 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, vfscache, CTLFLAG_RW, &doingcache, 0,
336     "VFS namecache enabled");
337 
338 /* Export size information to userland */
339 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_sizeof, OID_AUTO, namecache, CTLFLAG_RD, SYSCTL_NULL_INT_PTR,
340     sizeof(struct namecache), "sizeof(struct namecache)");
341 
342 /*
343  * The new name cache statistics
344  */
345 static SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs, OID_AUTO, cache, CTLFLAG_RW, 0,
346     "Name cache statistics");
347 #define STATNODE_ULONG(name, descr)	\
348 	SYSCTL_ULONG(_vfs_cache, OID_AUTO, name, CTLFLAG_RD, &name, 0, descr);
349 #define STATNODE_COUNTER(name, descr)	\
350 	static counter_u64_t __read_mostly name; \
351 	SYSCTL_COUNTER_U64(_vfs_cache, OID_AUTO, name, CTLFLAG_RD, &name, descr);
352 STATNODE_ULONG(numneg, "Number of negative cache entries");
353 STATNODE_ULONG(numcache, "Number of cache entries");
354 STATNODE_COUNTER(numcalls, "Number of cache lookups");
355 STATNODE_COUNTER(dothits, "Number of '.' hits");
356 STATNODE_COUNTER(dotdothits, "Number of '..' hits");
357 STATNODE_COUNTER(numchecks, "Number of checks in lookup");
358 STATNODE_COUNTER(nummiss, "Number of cache misses");
359 STATNODE_COUNTER(nummisszap, "Number of cache misses we do not want to cache");
360 STATNODE_COUNTER(numposzaps,
361     "Number of cache hits (positive) we do not want to cache");
362 STATNODE_COUNTER(numposhits, "Number of cache hits (positive)");
363 STATNODE_COUNTER(numnegzaps,
364     "Number of cache hits (negative) we do not want to cache");
365 STATNODE_COUNTER(numneghits, "Number of cache hits (negative)");
366 /* These count for kern___getcwd(), too. */
367 STATNODE_COUNTER(numfullpathcalls, "Number of fullpath search calls");
368 STATNODE_COUNTER(numfullpathfail1, "Number of fullpath search errors (ENOTDIR)");
369 STATNODE_COUNTER(numfullpathfail2,
370     "Number of fullpath search errors (VOP_VPTOCNP failures)");
371 STATNODE_COUNTER(numfullpathfail4, "Number of fullpath search errors (ENOMEM)");
372 STATNODE_COUNTER(numfullpathfound, "Number of successful fullpath calls");
373 static long zap_and_exit_bucket_fail; STATNODE_ULONG(zap_and_exit_bucket_fail,
374     "Number of times zap_and_exit failed to lock");
375 static long cache_lock_vnodes_cel_3_failures;
376 STATNODE_ULONG(cache_lock_vnodes_cel_3_failures,
377     "Number of times 3-way vnode locking failed");
378 
379 static void cache_zap_locked(struct namecache *ncp, bool neg_locked);
380 static int vn_fullpath1(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vp, struct vnode *rdir,
381     char *buf, char **retbuf, u_int buflen);
382 
383 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_VFSCACHE, "vfscache", "VFS name cache entries");
384 
385 static int cache_yield;
386 SYSCTL_INT(_vfs_cache, OID_AUTO, yield, CTLFLAG_RD, &cache_yield, 0,
387     "Number of times cache called yield");
388 
389 static void
390 cache_maybe_yield(void)
391 {
392 
393 	if (should_yield()) {
394 		cache_yield++;
395 		kern_yield(PRI_USER);
396 	}
397 }
398 
399 static inline void
400 cache_assert_vlp_locked(struct mtx *vlp)
401 {
402 
403 	if (vlp != NULL)
404 		mtx_assert(vlp, MA_OWNED);
405 }
406 
407 static inline void
408 cache_assert_vnode_locked(struct vnode *vp)
409 {
410 	struct mtx *vlp;
411 
412 	vlp = VP2VNODELOCK(vp);
413 	cache_assert_vlp_locked(vlp);
414 }
415 
416 static uint32_t
417 cache_get_hash(char *name, u_char len, struct vnode *dvp)
418 {
419 	uint32_t hash;
420 
421 	hash = fnv_32_buf(name, len, FNV1_32_INIT);
422 	hash = fnv_32_buf(&dvp, sizeof(dvp), hash);
423 	return (hash);
424 }
425 
426 static inline struct rwlock *
427 NCP2BUCKETLOCK(struct namecache *ncp)
428 {
429 	uint32_t hash;
430 
431 	hash = cache_get_hash(ncp->nc_name, ncp->nc_nlen, ncp->nc_dvp);
432 	return (HASH2BUCKETLOCK(hash));
433 }
434 
435 #ifdef INVARIANTS
436 static void
437 cache_assert_bucket_locked(struct namecache *ncp, int mode)
438 {
439 	struct rwlock *blp;
440 
441 	blp = NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp);
442 	rw_assert(blp, mode);
443 }
444 #else
445 #define cache_assert_bucket_locked(x, y) do { } while (0)
446 #endif
447 
448 #define cache_sort(x, y)	_cache_sort((void **)(x), (void **)(y))
449 static void
450 _cache_sort(void **p1, void **p2)
451 {
452 	void *tmp;
453 
454 	if (*p1 > *p2) {
455 		tmp = *p2;
456 		*p2 = *p1;
457 		*p1 = tmp;
458 	}
459 }
460 
461 static void
462 cache_lock_all_buckets(void)
463 {
464 	u_int i;
465 
466 	for (i = 0; i < numbucketlocks; i++)
467 		rw_wlock(&bucketlocks[i]);
468 }
469 
470 static void
471 cache_unlock_all_buckets(void)
472 {
473 	u_int i;
474 
475 	for (i = 0; i < numbucketlocks; i++)
476 		rw_wunlock(&bucketlocks[i]);
477 }
478 
479 static void
480 cache_lock_all_vnodes(void)
481 {
482 	u_int i;
483 
484 	for (i = 0; i < numvnodelocks; i++)
485 		mtx_lock(&vnodelocks[i]);
486 }
487 
488 static void
489 cache_unlock_all_vnodes(void)
490 {
491 	u_int i;
492 
493 	for (i = 0; i < numvnodelocks; i++)
494 		mtx_unlock(&vnodelocks[i]);
495 }
496 
497 static int
498 cache_trylock_vnodes(struct mtx *vlp1, struct mtx *vlp2)
499 {
500 
501 	cache_sort(&vlp1, &vlp2);
502 	MPASS(vlp2 != NULL);
503 
504 	if (vlp1 != NULL) {
505 		if (!mtx_trylock(vlp1))
506 			return (EAGAIN);
507 	}
508 	if (!mtx_trylock(vlp2)) {
509 		if (vlp1 != NULL)
510 			mtx_unlock(vlp1);
511 		return (EAGAIN);
512 	}
513 
514 	return (0);
515 }
516 
517 static void
518 cache_unlock_vnodes(struct mtx *vlp1, struct mtx *vlp2)
519 {
520 
521 	MPASS(vlp1 != NULL || vlp2 != NULL);
522 
523 	if (vlp1 != NULL)
524 		mtx_unlock(vlp1);
525 	if (vlp2 != NULL)
526 		mtx_unlock(vlp2);
527 }
528 
529 static int
530 sysctl_nchstats(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
531 {
532 	struct nchstats snap;
533 
534 	if (req->oldptr == NULL)
535 		return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, 0, sizeof(snap)));
536 
537 	snap = nchstats;
538 	snap.ncs_goodhits = counter_u64_fetch(numposhits);
539 	snap.ncs_neghits = counter_u64_fetch(numneghits);
540 	snap.ncs_badhits = counter_u64_fetch(numposzaps) +
541 	    counter_u64_fetch(numnegzaps);
542 	snap.ncs_miss = counter_u64_fetch(nummisszap) +
543 	    counter_u64_fetch(nummiss);
544 
545 	return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, &snap, sizeof(snap)));
546 }
547 SYSCTL_PROC(_vfs_cache, OID_AUTO, nchstats, CTLTYPE_OPAQUE | CTLFLAG_RD |
548     CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0, 0, sysctl_nchstats, "LU",
549     "VFS cache effectiveness statistics");
550 
551 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
552 /*
553  * Grab an atomic snapshot of the name cache hash chain lengths
554  */
555 static SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, hashstat, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL,
556     "hash table stats");
557 
558 static int
559 sysctl_debug_hashstat_rawnchash(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
560 {
561 	struct nchashhead *ncpp;
562 	struct namecache *ncp;
563 	int i, error, n_nchash, *cntbuf;
564 
565 retry:
566 	n_nchash = nchash + 1;	/* nchash is max index, not count */
567 	if (req->oldptr == NULL)
568 		return SYSCTL_OUT(req, 0, n_nchash * sizeof(int));
569 	cntbuf = malloc(n_nchash * sizeof(int), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
570 	cache_lock_all_buckets();
571 	if (n_nchash != nchash + 1) {
572 		cache_unlock_all_buckets();
573 		free(cntbuf, M_TEMP);
574 		goto retry;
575 	}
576 	/* Scan hash tables counting entries */
577 	for (ncpp = nchashtbl, i = 0; i < n_nchash; ncpp++, i++)
578 		LIST_FOREACH(ncp, ncpp, nc_hash)
579 			cntbuf[i]++;
580 	cache_unlock_all_buckets();
581 	for (error = 0, i = 0; i < n_nchash; i++)
582 		if ((error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &cntbuf[i], sizeof(int))) != 0)
583 			break;
584 	free(cntbuf, M_TEMP);
585 	return (error);
586 }
587 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_hashstat, OID_AUTO, rawnchash, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RD|
588     CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0, 0, sysctl_debug_hashstat_rawnchash, "S,int",
589     "nchash chain lengths");
590 
591 static int
592 sysctl_debug_hashstat_nchash(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
593 {
594 	int error;
595 	struct nchashhead *ncpp;
596 	struct namecache *ncp;
597 	int n_nchash;
598 	int count, maxlength, used, pct;
599 
600 	if (!req->oldptr)
601 		return SYSCTL_OUT(req, 0, 4 * sizeof(int));
602 
603 	cache_lock_all_buckets();
604 	n_nchash = nchash + 1;	/* nchash is max index, not count */
605 	used = 0;
606 	maxlength = 0;
607 
608 	/* Scan hash tables for applicable entries */
609 	for (ncpp = nchashtbl; n_nchash > 0; n_nchash--, ncpp++) {
610 		count = 0;
611 		LIST_FOREACH(ncp, ncpp, nc_hash) {
612 			count++;
613 		}
614 		if (count)
615 			used++;
616 		if (maxlength < count)
617 			maxlength = count;
618 	}
619 	n_nchash = nchash + 1;
620 	cache_unlock_all_buckets();
621 	pct = (used * 100) / (n_nchash / 100);
622 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &n_nchash, sizeof(n_nchash));
623 	if (error)
624 		return (error);
625 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &used, sizeof(used));
626 	if (error)
627 		return (error);
628 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &maxlength, sizeof(maxlength));
629 	if (error)
630 		return (error);
631 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &pct, sizeof(pct));
632 	if (error)
633 		return (error);
634 	return (0);
635 }
636 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_hashstat, OID_AUTO, nchash, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RD|
637     CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0, 0, sysctl_debug_hashstat_nchash, "I",
638     "nchash statistics (number of total/used buckets, maximum chain length, usage percentage)");
639 #endif
640 
641 /*
642  * Negative entries management
643  *
644  * A variation of LRU scheme is used. New entries are hashed into one of
645  * numneglists cold lists. Entries get promoted to the hot list on first hit.
646  * Partial LRU for the hot list is maintained by requeueing them every
647  * ncneghitsrequeue hits.
648  *
649  * The shrinker will demote hot list head and evict from the cold list in a
650  * round-robin manner.
651  */
652 static void
653 cache_negative_hit(struct namecache *ncp)
654 {
655 	struct neglist *neglist;
656 	u_int hits;
657 
658 	MPASS(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE);
659 	hits = atomic_fetchadd_int(&ncp->nc_neghits, 1);
660 	if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_HOTNEGATIVE) {
661 		if ((hits % ncneghitsrequeue) != 0)
662 			return;
663 		mtx_lock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
664 		if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_HOTNEGATIVE) {
665 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&ncneg_hot.nl_list, ncp, nc_dst);
666 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ncneg_hot.nl_list, ncp, nc_dst);
667 			mtx_unlock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
668 			return;
669 		}
670 		/*
671 		 * The shrinker cleared the flag and removed the entry from
672 		 * the hot list. Put it back.
673 		 */
674 	} else {
675 		mtx_lock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
676 	}
677 	neglist = NCP2NEGLIST(ncp);
678 	mtx_lock(&neglist->nl_lock);
679 	if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_HOTNEGATIVE)) {
680 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&neglist->nl_list, ncp, nc_dst);
681 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ncneg_hot.nl_list, ncp, nc_dst);
682 		ncp->nc_flag |= NCF_HOTNEGATIVE;
683 	}
684 	mtx_unlock(&neglist->nl_lock);
685 	mtx_unlock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
686 }
687 
688 static void
689 cache_negative_insert(struct namecache *ncp, bool neg_locked)
690 {
691 	struct neglist *neglist;
692 
693 	MPASS(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE);
694 	cache_assert_bucket_locked(ncp, RA_WLOCKED);
695 	neglist = NCP2NEGLIST(ncp);
696 	if (!neg_locked) {
697 		mtx_lock(&neglist->nl_lock);
698 	} else {
699 		mtx_assert(&neglist->nl_lock, MA_OWNED);
700 	}
701 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&neglist->nl_list, ncp, nc_dst);
702 	if (!neg_locked)
703 		mtx_unlock(&neglist->nl_lock);
704 	atomic_add_rel_long(&numneg, 1);
705 }
706 
707 static void
708 cache_negative_remove(struct namecache *ncp, bool neg_locked)
709 {
710 	struct neglist *neglist;
711 	bool hot_locked = false;
712 	bool list_locked = false;
713 
714 	MPASS(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE);
715 	cache_assert_bucket_locked(ncp, RA_WLOCKED);
716 	neglist = NCP2NEGLIST(ncp);
717 	if (!neg_locked) {
718 		if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_HOTNEGATIVE) {
719 			hot_locked = true;
720 			mtx_lock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
721 			if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_HOTNEGATIVE)) {
722 				list_locked = true;
723 				mtx_lock(&neglist->nl_lock);
724 			}
725 		} else {
726 			list_locked = true;
727 			mtx_lock(&neglist->nl_lock);
728 		}
729 	}
730 	if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_HOTNEGATIVE) {
731 		mtx_assert(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock, MA_OWNED);
732 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ncneg_hot.nl_list, ncp, nc_dst);
733 	} else {
734 		mtx_assert(&neglist->nl_lock, MA_OWNED);
735 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&neglist->nl_list, ncp, nc_dst);
736 	}
737 	if (list_locked)
738 		mtx_unlock(&neglist->nl_lock);
739 	if (hot_locked)
740 		mtx_unlock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
741 	atomic_subtract_rel_long(&numneg, 1);
742 }
743 
744 static void
745 cache_negative_shrink_select(int start, struct namecache **ncpp,
746     struct neglist **neglistpp)
747 {
748 	struct neglist *neglist;
749 	struct namecache *ncp;
750 	int i;
751 
752 	*ncpp = ncp = NULL;
753 
754 	for (i = start; i < numneglists; i++) {
755 		neglist = &neglists[i];
756 		if (TAILQ_FIRST(&neglist->nl_list) == NULL)
757 			continue;
758 		mtx_lock(&neglist->nl_lock);
759 		ncp = TAILQ_FIRST(&neglist->nl_list);
760 		if (ncp != NULL)
761 			break;
762 		mtx_unlock(&neglist->nl_lock);
763 	}
764 
765 	*neglistpp = neglist;
766 	*ncpp = ncp;
767 }
768 
769 static void
770 cache_negative_zap_one(void)
771 {
772 	struct namecache *ncp, *ncp2;
773 	struct neglist *neglist;
774 	struct mtx *dvlp;
775 	struct rwlock *blp;
776 
777 	if (!mtx_trylock(&ncneg_shrink_lock))
778 		return;
779 
780 	mtx_lock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
781 	ncp = TAILQ_FIRST(&ncneg_hot.nl_list);
782 	if (ncp != NULL) {
783 		neglist = NCP2NEGLIST(ncp);
784 		mtx_lock(&neglist->nl_lock);
785 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ncneg_hot.nl_list, ncp, nc_dst);
786 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&neglist->nl_list, ncp, nc_dst);
787 		ncp->nc_flag &= ~NCF_HOTNEGATIVE;
788 		mtx_unlock(&neglist->nl_lock);
789 	}
790 
791 	cache_negative_shrink_select(shrink_list_turn, &ncp, &neglist);
792 	shrink_list_turn++;
793 	if (shrink_list_turn == numneglists)
794 		shrink_list_turn = 0;
795 	if (ncp == NULL && shrink_list_turn == 0)
796 		cache_negative_shrink_select(shrink_list_turn, &ncp, &neglist);
797 	if (ncp == NULL) {
798 		mtx_unlock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
799 		goto out;
800 	}
801 
802 	MPASS(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE);
803 	dvlp = VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_dvp);
804 	blp = NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp);
805 	mtx_unlock(&neglist->nl_lock);
806 	mtx_unlock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
807 	mtx_lock(dvlp);
808 	rw_wlock(blp);
809 	mtx_lock(&neglist->nl_lock);
810 	ncp2 = TAILQ_FIRST(&neglist->nl_list);
811 	if (ncp != ncp2 || dvlp != VP2VNODELOCK(ncp2->nc_dvp) ||
812 	    blp != NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp2) || !(ncp2->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)) {
813 		ncp = NULL;
814 		goto out_unlock_all;
815 	}
816 	SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, shrink_negative, done, ncp->nc_dvp,
817 	    ncp->nc_name, ncp->nc_neghits);
818 
819 	cache_zap_locked(ncp, true);
820 out_unlock_all:
821 	mtx_unlock(&neglist->nl_lock);
822 	rw_wunlock(blp);
823 	mtx_unlock(dvlp);
824 out:
825 	mtx_unlock(&ncneg_shrink_lock);
826 	cache_free(ncp);
827 }
828 
829 /*
830  * cache_zap_locked():
831  *
832  *   Removes a namecache entry from cache, whether it contains an actual
833  *   pointer to a vnode or if it is just a negative cache entry.
834  */
835 static void
836 cache_zap_locked(struct namecache *ncp, bool neg_locked)
837 {
838 
839 	if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE))
840 		cache_assert_vnode_locked(ncp->nc_vp);
841 	cache_assert_vnode_locked(ncp->nc_dvp);
842 	cache_assert_bucket_locked(ncp, RA_WLOCKED);
843 
844 	CTR2(KTR_VFS, "cache_zap(%p) vp %p", ncp,
845 	    (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE) ? NULL : ncp->nc_vp);
846 	if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)) {
847 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, zap, done, ncp->nc_dvp,
848 		    ncp->nc_name, ncp->nc_vp);
849 	} else {
850 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, zap_negative, done, ncp->nc_dvp,
851 		    ncp->nc_name, ncp->nc_neghits);
852 	}
853 	LIST_REMOVE(ncp, nc_hash);
854 	if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)) {
855 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ncp->nc_vp->v_cache_dst, ncp, nc_dst);
856 		if (ncp == ncp->nc_vp->v_cache_dd)
857 			ncp->nc_vp->v_cache_dd = NULL;
858 	} else {
859 		cache_negative_remove(ncp, neg_locked);
860 	}
861 	if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) {
862 		if (ncp == ncp->nc_dvp->v_cache_dd)
863 			ncp->nc_dvp->v_cache_dd = NULL;
864 	} else {
865 		LIST_REMOVE(ncp, nc_src);
866 		if (LIST_EMPTY(&ncp->nc_dvp->v_cache_src)) {
867 			ncp->nc_flag |= NCF_DVDROP;
868 			atomic_subtract_rel_long(&numcachehv, 1);
869 		}
870 	}
871 	atomic_subtract_rel_long(&numcache, 1);
872 }
873 
874 static void
875 cache_zap_negative_locked_vnode_kl(struct namecache *ncp, struct vnode *vp)
876 {
877 	struct rwlock *blp;
878 
879 	MPASS(ncp->nc_dvp == vp);
880 	MPASS(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE);
881 	cache_assert_vnode_locked(vp);
882 
883 	blp = NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp);
884 	rw_wlock(blp);
885 	cache_zap_locked(ncp, false);
886 	rw_wunlock(blp);
887 }
888 
889 static bool
890 cache_zap_locked_vnode_kl2(struct namecache *ncp, struct vnode *vp,
891     struct mtx **vlpp)
892 {
893 	struct mtx *pvlp, *vlp1, *vlp2, *to_unlock;
894 	struct rwlock *blp;
895 
896 	MPASS(vp == ncp->nc_dvp || vp == ncp->nc_vp);
897 	cache_assert_vnode_locked(vp);
898 
899 	if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE) {
900 		if (*vlpp != NULL) {
901 			mtx_unlock(*vlpp);
902 			*vlpp = NULL;
903 		}
904 		cache_zap_negative_locked_vnode_kl(ncp, vp);
905 		return (true);
906 	}
907 
908 	pvlp = VP2VNODELOCK(vp);
909 	blp = NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp);
910 	vlp1 = VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_dvp);
911 	vlp2 = VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_vp);
912 
913 	if (*vlpp == vlp1 || *vlpp == vlp2) {
914 		to_unlock = *vlpp;
915 		*vlpp = NULL;
916 	} else {
917 		if (*vlpp != NULL) {
918 			mtx_unlock(*vlpp);
919 			*vlpp = NULL;
920 		}
921 		cache_sort(&vlp1, &vlp2);
922 		if (vlp1 == pvlp) {
923 			mtx_lock(vlp2);
924 			to_unlock = vlp2;
925 		} else {
926 			if (!mtx_trylock(vlp1))
927 				goto out_relock;
928 			to_unlock = vlp1;
929 		}
930 	}
931 	rw_wlock(blp);
932 	cache_zap_locked(ncp, false);
933 	rw_wunlock(blp);
934 	if (to_unlock != NULL)
935 		mtx_unlock(to_unlock);
936 	return (true);
937 
938 out_relock:
939 	mtx_unlock(vlp2);
940 	mtx_lock(vlp1);
941 	mtx_lock(vlp2);
942 	MPASS(*vlpp == NULL);
943 	*vlpp = vlp1;
944 	return (false);
945 }
946 
947 static int
948 cache_zap_locked_vnode(struct namecache *ncp, struct vnode *vp)
949 {
950 	struct mtx *pvlp, *vlp1, *vlp2, *to_unlock;
951 	struct rwlock *blp;
952 	int error = 0;
953 
954 	MPASS(vp == ncp->nc_dvp || vp == ncp->nc_vp);
955 	cache_assert_vnode_locked(vp);
956 
957 	pvlp = VP2VNODELOCK(vp);
958 	if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE) {
959 		cache_zap_negative_locked_vnode_kl(ncp, vp);
960 		goto out;
961 	}
962 
963 	blp = NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp);
964 	vlp1 = VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_dvp);
965 	vlp2 = VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_vp);
966 	cache_sort(&vlp1, &vlp2);
967 	if (vlp1 == pvlp) {
968 		mtx_lock(vlp2);
969 		to_unlock = vlp2;
970 	} else {
971 		if (!mtx_trylock(vlp1)) {
972 			error = EAGAIN;
973 			goto out;
974 		}
975 		to_unlock = vlp1;
976 	}
977 	rw_wlock(blp);
978 	cache_zap_locked(ncp, false);
979 	rw_wunlock(blp);
980 	mtx_unlock(to_unlock);
981 out:
982 	mtx_unlock(pvlp);
983 	return (error);
984 }
985 
986 static int
987 cache_zap_rlocked_bucket(struct namecache *ncp, struct rwlock *blp)
988 {
989 	struct mtx *dvlp, *vlp;
990 
991 	cache_assert_bucket_locked(ncp, RA_RLOCKED);
992 
993 	dvlp = VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_dvp);
994 	vlp = NULL;
995 	if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE))
996 		vlp = VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_vp);
997 	if (cache_trylock_vnodes(dvlp, vlp) == 0) {
998 		rw_runlock(blp);
999 		rw_wlock(blp);
1000 		cache_zap_locked(ncp, false);
1001 		rw_wunlock(blp);
1002 		cache_unlock_vnodes(dvlp, vlp);
1003 		return (0);
1004 	}
1005 
1006 	rw_runlock(blp);
1007 	return (EAGAIN);
1008 }
1009 
1010 static int
1011 cache_zap_wlocked_bucket_kl(struct namecache *ncp, struct rwlock *blp,
1012     struct mtx **vlpp1, struct mtx **vlpp2)
1013 {
1014 	struct mtx *dvlp, *vlp;
1015 
1016 	cache_assert_bucket_locked(ncp, RA_WLOCKED);
1017 
1018 	dvlp = VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_dvp);
1019 	vlp = NULL;
1020 	if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE))
1021 		vlp = VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_vp);
1022 	cache_sort(&dvlp, &vlp);
1023 
1024 	if (*vlpp1 == dvlp && *vlpp2 == vlp) {
1025 		cache_zap_locked(ncp, false);
1026 		cache_unlock_vnodes(dvlp, vlp);
1027 		*vlpp1 = NULL;
1028 		*vlpp2 = NULL;
1029 		return (0);
1030 	}
1031 
1032 	if (*vlpp1 != NULL)
1033 		mtx_unlock(*vlpp1);
1034 	if (*vlpp2 != NULL)
1035 		mtx_unlock(*vlpp2);
1036 	*vlpp1 = NULL;
1037 	*vlpp2 = NULL;
1038 
1039 	if (cache_trylock_vnodes(dvlp, vlp) == 0) {
1040 		cache_zap_locked(ncp, false);
1041 		cache_unlock_vnodes(dvlp, vlp);
1042 		return (0);
1043 	}
1044 
1045 	rw_wunlock(blp);
1046 	*vlpp1 = dvlp;
1047 	*vlpp2 = vlp;
1048 	if (*vlpp1 != NULL)
1049 		mtx_lock(*vlpp1);
1050 	mtx_lock(*vlpp2);
1051 	rw_wlock(blp);
1052 	return (EAGAIN);
1053 }
1054 
1055 static void
1056 cache_lookup_unlock(struct rwlock *blp, struct mtx *vlp)
1057 {
1058 
1059 	if (blp != NULL) {
1060 		rw_runlock(blp);
1061 	} else {
1062 		mtx_unlock(vlp);
1063 	}
1064 }
1065 
1066 static int __noinline
1067 cache_lookup_dot(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode **vpp, struct componentname *cnp,
1068     struct timespec *tsp, int *ticksp)
1069 {
1070 	int ltype;
1071 
1072 	*vpp = dvp;
1073 	CTR2(KTR_VFS, "cache_lookup(%p, %s) found via .",
1074 			dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr);
1075 	counter_u64_add(dothits, 1);
1076 	SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, lookup, hit, dvp, ".", *vpp);
1077 	if (tsp != NULL)
1078 		timespecclear(tsp);
1079 	if (ticksp != NULL)
1080 		*ticksp = ticks;
1081 	vrefact(*vpp);
1082 	/*
1083 	 * When we lookup "." we still can be asked to lock it
1084 	 * differently...
1085 	 */
1086 	ltype = cnp->cn_lkflags & LK_TYPE_MASK;
1087 	if (ltype != VOP_ISLOCKED(*vpp)) {
1088 		if (ltype == LK_EXCLUSIVE) {
1089 			vn_lock(*vpp, LK_UPGRADE | LK_RETRY);
1090 			if ((*vpp)->v_iflag & VI_DOOMED) {
1091 				/* forced unmount */
1092 				vrele(*vpp);
1093 				*vpp = NULL;
1094 				return (ENOENT);
1095 			}
1096 		} else
1097 			vn_lock(*vpp, LK_DOWNGRADE | LK_RETRY);
1098 	}
1099 	return (-1);
1100 }
1101 
1102 /*
1103  * Lookup an entry in the cache
1104  *
1105  * Lookup is called with dvp pointing to the directory to search,
1106  * cnp pointing to the name of the entry being sought. If the lookup
1107  * succeeds, the vnode is returned in *vpp, and a status of -1 is
1108  * returned. If the lookup determines that the name does not exist
1109  * (negative caching), a status of ENOENT is returned. If the lookup
1110  * fails, a status of zero is returned.  If the directory vnode is
1111  * recycled out from under us due to a forced unmount, a status of
1112  * ENOENT is returned.
1113  *
1114  * vpp is locked and ref'd on return.  If we're looking up DOTDOT, dvp is
1115  * unlocked.  If we're looking up . an extra ref is taken, but the lock is
1116  * not recursively acquired.
1117  */
1118 
1119 static __noinline int
1120 cache_lookup_nomakeentry(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode **vpp,
1121     struct componentname *cnp, struct timespec *tsp, int *ticksp)
1122 {
1123 	struct namecache *ncp;
1124 	struct rwlock *blp;
1125 	struct mtx *dvlp, *dvlp2;
1126 	uint32_t hash;
1127 	int error;
1128 
1129 	if (cnp->cn_namelen == 2 &&
1130 	    cnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.' && cnp->cn_nameptr[1] == '.') {
1131 		counter_u64_add(dotdothits, 1);
1132 		dvlp = VP2VNODELOCK(dvp);
1133 		dvlp2 = NULL;
1134 		mtx_lock(dvlp);
1135 retry_dotdot:
1136 		ncp = dvp->v_cache_dd;
1137 		if (ncp == NULL) {
1138 			SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, lookup, miss, dvp,
1139 			    "..", NULL);
1140 			mtx_unlock(dvlp);
1141 			return (0);
1142 		}
1143 		if ((ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) != 0) {
1144 			if (ncp->nc_dvp != dvp)
1145 				panic("dvp %p v_cache_dd %p\n", dvp, ncp);
1146 			if (!cache_zap_locked_vnode_kl2(ncp,
1147 			    dvp, &dvlp2))
1148 				goto retry_dotdot;
1149 			MPASS(dvp->v_cache_dd == NULL);
1150 			mtx_unlock(dvlp);
1151 			if (dvlp2 != NULL)
1152 				mtx_unlock(dvlp2);
1153 			cache_free(ncp);
1154 		} else {
1155 			dvp->v_cache_dd = NULL;
1156 			mtx_unlock(dvlp);
1157 			if (dvlp2 != NULL)
1158 				mtx_unlock(dvlp2);
1159 		}
1160 		return (0);
1161 	}
1162 
1163 	hash = cache_get_hash(cnp->cn_nameptr, cnp->cn_namelen, dvp);
1164 	blp = HASH2BUCKETLOCK(hash);
1165 retry:
1166 	rw_rlock(blp);
1167 
1168 	LIST_FOREACH(ncp, (NCHHASH(hash)), nc_hash) {
1169 		counter_u64_add(numchecks, 1);
1170 		if (ncp->nc_dvp == dvp && ncp->nc_nlen == cnp->cn_namelen &&
1171 		    !bcmp(ncp->nc_name, cnp->cn_nameptr, ncp->nc_nlen))
1172 			break;
1173 	}
1174 
1175 	/* We failed to find an entry */
1176 	if (ncp == NULL) {
1177 		rw_runlock(blp);
1178 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, lookup, miss, dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr,
1179 		    NULL);
1180 		counter_u64_add(nummisszap, 1);
1181 		return (0);
1182 	}
1183 
1184 	counter_u64_add(numposzaps, 1);
1185 
1186 	error = cache_zap_rlocked_bucket(ncp, blp);
1187 	if (error != 0) {
1188 		zap_and_exit_bucket_fail++;
1189 		cache_maybe_yield();
1190 		goto retry;
1191 	}
1192 	cache_free(ncp);
1193 	return (0);
1194 }
1195 
1196 int
1197 cache_lookup(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode **vpp, struct componentname *cnp,
1198     struct timespec *tsp, int *ticksp)
1199 {
1200 	struct namecache_ts *ncp_ts;
1201 	struct namecache *ncp;
1202 	struct rwlock *blp;
1203 	struct mtx *dvlp, *dvlp2;
1204 	uint32_t hash;
1205 	int error, ltype;
1206 
1207 	if (__predict_false(!doingcache)) {
1208 		cnp->cn_flags &= ~MAKEENTRY;
1209 		return (0);
1210 	}
1211 
1212 	counter_u64_add(numcalls, 1);
1213 
1214 	if (__predict_false(cnp->cn_namelen == 1 && cnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.'))
1215 		return (cache_lookup_dot(dvp, vpp, cnp, tsp, ticksp));
1216 
1217 	if ((cnp->cn_flags & MAKEENTRY) == 0)
1218 		return (cache_lookup_nomakeentry(dvp, vpp, cnp, tsp, ticksp));
1219 
1220 retry:
1221 	blp = NULL;
1222 	error = 0;
1223 	if (cnp->cn_namelen == 2 &&
1224 	    cnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.' && cnp->cn_nameptr[1] == '.') {
1225 		counter_u64_add(dotdothits, 1);
1226 		dvlp = VP2VNODELOCK(dvp);
1227 		dvlp2 = NULL;
1228 		mtx_lock(dvlp);
1229 		ncp = dvp->v_cache_dd;
1230 		if (ncp == NULL) {
1231 			SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, lookup, miss, dvp,
1232 			    "..", NULL);
1233 			mtx_unlock(dvlp);
1234 			return (0);
1235 		}
1236 		if ((ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) != 0) {
1237 			if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)
1238 				*vpp = NULL;
1239 			else
1240 				*vpp = ncp->nc_vp;
1241 		} else
1242 			*vpp = ncp->nc_dvp;
1243 		/* Return failure if negative entry was found. */
1244 		if (*vpp == NULL)
1245 			goto negative_success;
1246 		CTR3(KTR_VFS, "cache_lookup(%p, %s) found %p via ..",
1247 		    dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, *vpp);
1248 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, lookup, hit, dvp, "..",
1249 		    *vpp);
1250 		cache_out_ts(ncp, tsp, ticksp);
1251 		if ((ncp->nc_flag & (NCF_ISDOTDOT | NCF_DTS)) ==
1252 		    NCF_DTS && tsp != NULL) {
1253 			ncp_ts = __containerof(ncp, struct namecache_ts, nc_nc);
1254 			*tsp = ncp_ts->nc_dotdottime;
1255 		}
1256 		goto success;
1257 	}
1258 
1259 	hash = cache_get_hash(cnp->cn_nameptr, cnp->cn_namelen, dvp);
1260 	blp = HASH2BUCKETLOCK(hash);
1261 	rw_rlock(blp);
1262 
1263 	LIST_FOREACH(ncp, (NCHHASH(hash)), nc_hash) {
1264 		counter_u64_add(numchecks, 1);
1265 		if (ncp->nc_dvp == dvp && ncp->nc_nlen == cnp->cn_namelen &&
1266 		    !bcmp(ncp->nc_name, cnp->cn_nameptr, ncp->nc_nlen))
1267 			break;
1268 	}
1269 
1270 	/* We failed to find an entry */
1271 	if (ncp == NULL) {
1272 		rw_runlock(blp);
1273 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, lookup, miss, dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr,
1274 		    NULL);
1275 		counter_u64_add(nummiss, 1);
1276 		return (0);
1277 	}
1278 
1279 	/* We found a "positive" match, return the vnode */
1280 	if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)) {
1281 		counter_u64_add(numposhits, 1);
1282 		*vpp = ncp->nc_vp;
1283 		CTR4(KTR_VFS, "cache_lookup(%p, %s) found %p via ncp %p",
1284 		    dvp, cnp->cn_nameptr, *vpp, ncp);
1285 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, lookup, hit, dvp, ncp->nc_name,
1286 		    *vpp);
1287 		cache_out_ts(ncp, tsp, ticksp);
1288 		goto success;
1289 	}
1290 
1291 negative_success:
1292 	/* We found a negative match, and want to create it, so purge */
1293 	if (cnp->cn_nameiop == CREATE) {
1294 		counter_u64_add(numnegzaps, 1);
1295 		goto zap_and_exit;
1296 	}
1297 
1298 	counter_u64_add(numneghits, 1);
1299 	cache_negative_hit(ncp);
1300 	if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_WHITE)
1301 		cnp->cn_flags |= ISWHITEOUT;
1302 	SDT_PROBE2(vfs, namecache, lookup, hit__negative, dvp,
1303 	    ncp->nc_name);
1304 	cache_out_ts(ncp, tsp, ticksp);
1305 	cache_lookup_unlock(blp, dvlp);
1306 	return (ENOENT);
1307 
1308 success:
1309 	/*
1310 	 * On success we return a locked and ref'd vnode as per the lookup
1311 	 * protocol.
1312 	 */
1313 	MPASS(dvp != *vpp);
1314 	ltype = 0;	/* silence gcc warning */
1315 	if (cnp->cn_flags & ISDOTDOT) {
1316 		ltype = VOP_ISLOCKED(dvp);
1317 		VOP_UNLOCK(dvp, 0);
1318 	}
1319 	vhold(*vpp);
1320 	cache_lookup_unlock(blp, dvlp);
1321 	error = vget(*vpp, cnp->cn_lkflags | LK_VNHELD, cnp->cn_thread);
1322 	if (cnp->cn_flags & ISDOTDOT) {
1323 		vn_lock(dvp, ltype | LK_RETRY);
1324 		if (dvp->v_iflag & VI_DOOMED) {
1325 			if (error == 0)
1326 				vput(*vpp);
1327 			*vpp = NULL;
1328 			return (ENOENT);
1329 		}
1330 	}
1331 	if (error) {
1332 		*vpp = NULL;
1333 		goto retry;
1334 	}
1335 	if ((cnp->cn_flags & ISLASTCN) &&
1336 	    (cnp->cn_lkflags & LK_TYPE_MASK) == LK_EXCLUSIVE) {
1337 		ASSERT_VOP_ELOCKED(*vpp, "cache_lookup");
1338 	}
1339 	return (-1);
1340 
1341 zap_and_exit:
1342 	if (blp != NULL)
1343 		error = cache_zap_rlocked_bucket(ncp, blp);
1344 	else
1345 		error = cache_zap_locked_vnode(ncp, dvp);
1346 	if (error != 0) {
1347 		zap_and_exit_bucket_fail++;
1348 		cache_maybe_yield();
1349 		goto retry;
1350 	}
1351 	cache_free(ncp);
1352 	return (0);
1353 }
1354 
1355 struct celockstate {
1356 	struct mtx *vlp[3];
1357 	struct rwlock *blp[2];
1358 };
1359 CTASSERT((nitems(((struct celockstate *)0)->vlp) == 3));
1360 CTASSERT((nitems(((struct celockstate *)0)->blp) == 2));
1361 
1362 static inline void
1363 cache_celockstate_init(struct celockstate *cel)
1364 {
1365 
1366 	bzero(cel, sizeof(*cel));
1367 }
1368 
1369 static void
1370 cache_lock_vnodes_cel(struct celockstate *cel, struct vnode *vp,
1371     struct vnode *dvp)
1372 {
1373 	struct mtx *vlp1, *vlp2;
1374 
1375 	MPASS(cel->vlp[0] == NULL);
1376 	MPASS(cel->vlp[1] == NULL);
1377 	MPASS(cel->vlp[2] == NULL);
1378 
1379 	MPASS(vp != NULL || dvp != NULL);
1380 
1381 	vlp1 = VP2VNODELOCK(vp);
1382 	vlp2 = VP2VNODELOCK(dvp);
1383 	cache_sort(&vlp1, &vlp2);
1384 
1385 	if (vlp1 != NULL) {
1386 		mtx_lock(vlp1);
1387 		cel->vlp[0] = vlp1;
1388 	}
1389 	mtx_lock(vlp2);
1390 	cel->vlp[1] = vlp2;
1391 }
1392 
1393 static void
1394 cache_unlock_vnodes_cel(struct celockstate *cel)
1395 {
1396 
1397 	MPASS(cel->vlp[0] != NULL || cel->vlp[1] != NULL);
1398 
1399 	if (cel->vlp[0] != NULL)
1400 		mtx_unlock(cel->vlp[0]);
1401 	if (cel->vlp[1] != NULL)
1402 		mtx_unlock(cel->vlp[1]);
1403 	if (cel->vlp[2] != NULL)
1404 		mtx_unlock(cel->vlp[2]);
1405 }
1406 
1407 static bool
1408 cache_lock_vnodes_cel_3(struct celockstate *cel, struct vnode *vp)
1409 {
1410 	struct mtx *vlp;
1411 	bool ret;
1412 
1413 	cache_assert_vlp_locked(cel->vlp[0]);
1414 	cache_assert_vlp_locked(cel->vlp[1]);
1415 	MPASS(cel->vlp[2] == NULL);
1416 
1417 	MPASS(vp != NULL);
1418 	vlp = VP2VNODELOCK(vp);
1419 
1420 	ret = true;
1421 	if (vlp >= cel->vlp[1]) {
1422 		mtx_lock(vlp);
1423 	} else {
1424 		if (mtx_trylock(vlp))
1425 			goto out;
1426 		cache_lock_vnodes_cel_3_failures++;
1427 		cache_unlock_vnodes_cel(cel);
1428 		if (vlp < cel->vlp[0]) {
1429 			mtx_lock(vlp);
1430 			mtx_lock(cel->vlp[0]);
1431 			mtx_lock(cel->vlp[1]);
1432 		} else {
1433 			if (cel->vlp[0] != NULL)
1434 				mtx_lock(cel->vlp[0]);
1435 			mtx_lock(vlp);
1436 			mtx_lock(cel->vlp[1]);
1437 		}
1438 		ret = false;
1439 	}
1440 out:
1441 	cel->vlp[2] = vlp;
1442 	return (ret);
1443 }
1444 
1445 static void
1446 cache_lock_buckets_cel(struct celockstate *cel, struct rwlock *blp1,
1447     struct rwlock *blp2)
1448 {
1449 
1450 	MPASS(cel->blp[0] == NULL);
1451 	MPASS(cel->blp[1] == NULL);
1452 
1453 	cache_sort(&blp1, &blp2);
1454 
1455 	if (blp1 != NULL) {
1456 		rw_wlock(blp1);
1457 		cel->blp[0] = blp1;
1458 	}
1459 	rw_wlock(blp2);
1460 	cel->blp[1] = blp2;
1461 }
1462 
1463 static void
1464 cache_unlock_buckets_cel(struct celockstate *cel)
1465 {
1466 
1467 	if (cel->blp[0] != NULL)
1468 		rw_wunlock(cel->blp[0]);
1469 	rw_wunlock(cel->blp[1]);
1470 }
1471 
1472 /*
1473  * Lock part of the cache affected by the insertion.
1474  *
1475  * This means vnodelocks for dvp, vp and the relevant bucketlock.
1476  * However, insertion can result in removal of an old entry. In this
1477  * case we have an additional vnode and bucketlock pair to lock. If the
1478  * entry is negative, ncelock is locked instead of the vnode.
1479  *
1480  * That is, in the worst case we have to lock 3 vnodes and 2 bucketlocks, while
1481  * preserving the locking order (smaller address first).
1482  */
1483 static void
1484 cache_enter_lock(struct celockstate *cel, struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *vp,
1485     uint32_t hash)
1486 {
1487 	struct namecache *ncp;
1488 	struct rwlock *blps[2];
1489 
1490 	blps[0] = HASH2BUCKETLOCK(hash);
1491 	for (;;) {
1492 		blps[1] = NULL;
1493 		cache_lock_vnodes_cel(cel, dvp, vp);
1494 		if (vp == NULL || vp->v_type != VDIR)
1495 			break;
1496 		ncp = vp->v_cache_dd;
1497 		if (ncp == NULL)
1498 			break;
1499 		if ((ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) == 0)
1500 			break;
1501 		MPASS(ncp->nc_dvp == vp);
1502 		blps[1] = NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp);
1503 		if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)
1504 			break;
1505 		if (cache_lock_vnodes_cel_3(cel, ncp->nc_vp))
1506 			break;
1507 		/*
1508 		 * All vnodes got re-locked. Re-validate the state and if
1509 		 * nothing changed we are done. Otherwise restart.
1510 		 */
1511 		if (ncp == vp->v_cache_dd &&
1512 		    (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) != 0 &&
1513 		    blps[1] == NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp) &&
1514 		    VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_vp) == cel->vlp[2])
1515 			break;
1516 		cache_unlock_vnodes_cel(cel);
1517 		cel->vlp[0] = NULL;
1518 		cel->vlp[1] = NULL;
1519 		cel->vlp[2] = NULL;
1520 	}
1521 	cache_lock_buckets_cel(cel, blps[0], blps[1]);
1522 }
1523 
1524 static void
1525 cache_enter_lock_dd(struct celockstate *cel, struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *vp,
1526     uint32_t hash)
1527 {
1528 	struct namecache *ncp;
1529 	struct rwlock *blps[2];
1530 
1531 	blps[0] = HASH2BUCKETLOCK(hash);
1532 	for (;;) {
1533 		blps[1] = NULL;
1534 		cache_lock_vnodes_cel(cel, dvp, vp);
1535 		ncp = dvp->v_cache_dd;
1536 		if (ncp == NULL)
1537 			break;
1538 		if ((ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) == 0)
1539 			break;
1540 		MPASS(ncp->nc_dvp == dvp);
1541 		blps[1] = NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp);
1542 		if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)
1543 			break;
1544 		if (cache_lock_vnodes_cel_3(cel, ncp->nc_vp))
1545 			break;
1546 		if (ncp == dvp->v_cache_dd &&
1547 		    (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) != 0 &&
1548 		    blps[1] == NCP2BUCKETLOCK(ncp) &&
1549 		    VP2VNODELOCK(ncp->nc_vp) == cel->vlp[2])
1550 			break;
1551 		cache_unlock_vnodes_cel(cel);
1552 		cel->vlp[0] = NULL;
1553 		cel->vlp[1] = NULL;
1554 		cel->vlp[2] = NULL;
1555 	}
1556 	cache_lock_buckets_cel(cel, blps[0], blps[1]);
1557 }
1558 
1559 static void
1560 cache_enter_unlock(struct celockstate *cel)
1561 {
1562 
1563 	cache_unlock_buckets_cel(cel);
1564 	cache_unlock_vnodes_cel(cel);
1565 }
1566 
1567 /*
1568  * Add an entry to the cache.
1569  */
1570 void
1571 cache_enter_time(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *vp, struct componentname *cnp,
1572     struct timespec *tsp, struct timespec *dtsp)
1573 {
1574 	struct celockstate cel;
1575 	struct namecache *ncp, *n2, *ndd;
1576 	struct namecache_ts *ncp_ts, *n2_ts;
1577 	struct nchashhead *ncpp;
1578 	struct neglist *neglist;
1579 	uint32_t hash;
1580 	int flag;
1581 	int len;
1582 	bool neg_locked;
1583 
1584 	CTR3(KTR_VFS, "cache_enter(%p, %p, %s)", dvp, vp, cnp->cn_nameptr);
1585 	VNASSERT(vp == NULL || (vp->v_iflag & VI_DOOMED) == 0, vp,
1586 	    ("cache_enter: Adding a doomed vnode"));
1587 	VNASSERT(dvp == NULL || (dvp->v_iflag & VI_DOOMED) == 0, dvp,
1588 	    ("cache_enter: Doomed vnode used as src"));
1589 
1590 	if (__predict_false(!doingcache))
1591 		return;
1592 
1593 	/*
1594 	 * Avoid blowout in namecache entries.
1595 	 */
1596 	if (__predict_false(numcache >= desiredvnodes * ncsizefactor))
1597 		return;
1598 
1599 	cache_celockstate_init(&cel);
1600 	ndd = NULL;
1601 	flag = 0;
1602 	if (cnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.') {
1603 		if (cnp->cn_namelen == 1)
1604 			return;
1605 		if (cnp->cn_namelen == 2 && cnp->cn_nameptr[1] == '.') {
1606 			len = cnp->cn_namelen;
1607 			hash = cache_get_hash(cnp->cn_nameptr, len, dvp);
1608 			cache_enter_lock_dd(&cel, dvp, vp, hash);
1609 			/*
1610 			 * If dotdot entry already exists, just retarget it
1611 			 * to new parent vnode, otherwise continue with new
1612 			 * namecache entry allocation.
1613 			 */
1614 			if ((ncp = dvp->v_cache_dd) != NULL &&
1615 			    ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) {
1616 				KASSERT(ncp->nc_dvp == dvp,
1617 				    ("wrong isdotdot parent"));
1618 				neg_locked = false;
1619 				if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE || vp == NULL) {
1620 					neglist = NCP2NEGLIST(ncp);
1621 					mtx_lock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
1622 					mtx_lock(&neglist->nl_lock);
1623 					neg_locked = true;
1624 				}
1625 				if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)) {
1626 					TAILQ_REMOVE(&ncp->nc_vp->v_cache_dst,
1627 					    ncp, nc_dst);
1628 				} else {
1629 					cache_negative_remove(ncp, true);
1630 				}
1631 				if (vp != NULL) {
1632 					TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vp->v_cache_dst,
1633 					    ncp, nc_dst);
1634 					ncp->nc_flag &= ~(NCF_NEGATIVE|NCF_HOTNEGATIVE);
1635 				} else {
1636 					ncp->nc_flag &= ~(NCF_HOTNEGATIVE);
1637 					ncp->nc_flag |= NCF_NEGATIVE;
1638 					cache_negative_insert(ncp, true);
1639 				}
1640 				if (neg_locked) {
1641 					mtx_unlock(&neglist->nl_lock);
1642 					mtx_unlock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
1643 				}
1644 				ncp->nc_vp = vp;
1645 				cache_enter_unlock(&cel);
1646 				return;
1647 			}
1648 			dvp->v_cache_dd = NULL;
1649 			cache_enter_unlock(&cel);
1650 			cache_celockstate_init(&cel);
1651 			SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, enter, done, dvp, "..", vp);
1652 			flag = NCF_ISDOTDOT;
1653 		}
1654 	}
1655 
1656 	/*
1657 	 * Calculate the hash key and setup as much of the new
1658 	 * namecache entry as possible before acquiring the lock.
1659 	 */
1660 	ncp = cache_alloc(cnp->cn_namelen, tsp != NULL);
1661 	ncp->nc_flag = flag;
1662 	ncp->nc_vp = vp;
1663 	if (vp == NULL)
1664 		ncp->nc_flag |= NCF_NEGATIVE;
1665 	ncp->nc_dvp = dvp;
1666 	if (tsp != NULL) {
1667 		ncp_ts = __containerof(ncp, struct namecache_ts, nc_nc);
1668 		ncp_ts->nc_time = *tsp;
1669 		ncp_ts->nc_ticks = ticks;
1670 		ncp_ts->nc_nc.nc_flag |= NCF_TS;
1671 		if (dtsp != NULL) {
1672 			ncp_ts->nc_dotdottime = *dtsp;
1673 			ncp_ts->nc_nc.nc_flag |= NCF_DTS;
1674 		}
1675 	}
1676 	len = ncp->nc_nlen = cnp->cn_namelen;
1677 	hash = cache_get_hash(cnp->cn_nameptr, len, dvp);
1678 	strlcpy(ncp->nc_name, cnp->cn_nameptr, len + 1);
1679 	cache_enter_lock(&cel, dvp, vp, hash);
1680 
1681 	/*
1682 	 * See if this vnode or negative entry is already in the cache
1683 	 * with this name.  This can happen with concurrent lookups of
1684 	 * the same path name.
1685 	 */
1686 	ncpp = NCHHASH(hash);
1687 	LIST_FOREACH(n2, ncpp, nc_hash) {
1688 		if (n2->nc_dvp == dvp &&
1689 		    n2->nc_nlen == cnp->cn_namelen &&
1690 		    !bcmp(n2->nc_name, cnp->cn_nameptr, n2->nc_nlen)) {
1691 			if (tsp != NULL) {
1692 				KASSERT((n2->nc_flag & NCF_TS) != 0,
1693 				    ("no NCF_TS"));
1694 				n2_ts = __containerof(n2, struct namecache_ts, nc_nc);
1695 				n2_ts->nc_time = ncp_ts->nc_time;
1696 				n2_ts->nc_ticks = ncp_ts->nc_ticks;
1697 				if (dtsp != NULL) {
1698 					n2_ts->nc_dotdottime = ncp_ts->nc_dotdottime;
1699 					if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)
1700 						mtx_lock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
1701 					n2_ts->nc_nc.nc_flag |= NCF_DTS;
1702 					if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE)
1703 						mtx_unlock(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock);
1704 				}
1705 			}
1706 			goto out_unlock_free;
1707 		}
1708 	}
1709 
1710 	if (flag == NCF_ISDOTDOT) {
1711 		/*
1712 		 * See if we are trying to add .. entry, but some other lookup
1713 		 * has populated v_cache_dd pointer already.
1714 		 */
1715 		if (dvp->v_cache_dd != NULL)
1716 			goto out_unlock_free;
1717 		KASSERT(vp == NULL || vp->v_type == VDIR,
1718 		    ("wrong vnode type %p", vp));
1719 		dvp->v_cache_dd = ncp;
1720 	}
1721 
1722 	atomic_add_rel_long(&numcache, 1);
1723 	if (vp != NULL) {
1724 		if (vp->v_type == VDIR) {
1725 			if (flag != NCF_ISDOTDOT) {
1726 				/*
1727 				 * For this case, the cache entry maps both the
1728 				 * directory name in it and the name ".." for the
1729 				 * directory's parent.
1730 				 */
1731 				if ((ndd = vp->v_cache_dd) != NULL) {
1732 					if ((ndd->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) != 0)
1733 						cache_zap_locked(ndd, false);
1734 					else
1735 						ndd = NULL;
1736 				}
1737 				vp->v_cache_dd = ncp;
1738 			}
1739 		} else {
1740 			vp->v_cache_dd = NULL;
1741 		}
1742 	}
1743 
1744 	if (flag != NCF_ISDOTDOT) {
1745 		if (LIST_EMPTY(&dvp->v_cache_src)) {
1746 			vhold(dvp);
1747 			atomic_add_rel_long(&numcachehv, 1);
1748 		}
1749 		LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&dvp->v_cache_src, ncp, nc_src);
1750 	}
1751 
1752 	/*
1753 	 * Insert the new namecache entry into the appropriate chain
1754 	 * within the cache entries table.
1755 	 */
1756 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(ncpp, ncp, nc_hash);
1757 
1758 	/*
1759 	 * If the entry is "negative", we place it into the
1760 	 * "negative" cache queue, otherwise, we place it into the
1761 	 * destination vnode's cache entries queue.
1762 	 */
1763 	if (vp != NULL) {
1764 		TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&vp->v_cache_dst, ncp, nc_dst);
1765 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, enter, done, dvp, ncp->nc_name,
1766 		    vp);
1767 	} else {
1768 		if (cnp->cn_flags & ISWHITEOUT)
1769 			ncp->nc_flag |= NCF_WHITE;
1770 		cache_negative_insert(ncp, false);
1771 		SDT_PROBE2(vfs, namecache, enter_negative, done, dvp,
1772 		    ncp->nc_name);
1773 	}
1774 	cache_enter_unlock(&cel);
1775 	if (numneg * ncnegfactor > numcache)
1776 		cache_negative_zap_one();
1777 	cache_free(ndd);
1778 	return;
1779 out_unlock_free:
1780 	cache_enter_unlock(&cel);
1781 	cache_free(ncp);
1782 	return;
1783 }
1784 
1785 static u_int
1786 cache_roundup_2(u_int val)
1787 {
1788 	u_int res;
1789 
1790 	for (res = 1; res <= val; res <<= 1)
1791 		continue;
1792 
1793 	return (res);
1794 }
1795 
1796 /*
1797  * Name cache initialization, from vfs_init() when we are booting
1798  */
1799 static void
1800 nchinit(void *dummy __unused)
1801 {
1802 	u_int i;
1803 
1804 	cache_zone_small = uma_zcreate("S VFS Cache",
1805 	    sizeof(struct namecache) + CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF + 1,
1806 	    NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, UMA_ALIGNOF(struct namecache),
1807 	    UMA_ZONE_ZINIT);
1808 	cache_zone_small_ts = uma_zcreate("STS VFS Cache",
1809 	    sizeof(struct namecache_ts) + CACHE_PATH_CUTOFF + 1,
1810 	    NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, UMA_ALIGNOF(struct namecache_ts),
1811 	    UMA_ZONE_ZINIT);
1812 	cache_zone_large = uma_zcreate("L VFS Cache",
1813 	    sizeof(struct namecache) + NAME_MAX + 1,
1814 	    NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, UMA_ALIGNOF(struct namecache),
1815 	    UMA_ZONE_ZINIT);
1816 	cache_zone_large_ts = uma_zcreate("LTS VFS Cache",
1817 	    sizeof(struct namecache_ts) + NAME_MAX + 1,
1818 	    NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, UMA_ALIGNOF(struct namecache_ts),
1819 	    UMA_ZONE_ZINIT);
1820 
1821 	nchashtbl = hashinit(desiredvnodes * 2, M_VFSCACHE, &nchash);
1822 	ncbuckethash = cache_roundup_2(mp_ncpus * 64) - 1;
1823 	if (ncbuckethash > nchash)
1824 		ncbuckethash = nchash;
1825 	bucketlocks = malloc(sizeof(*bucketlocks) * numbucketlocks, M_VFSCACHE,
1826 	    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1827 	for (i = 0; i < numbucketlocks; i++)
1828 		rw_init_flags(&bucketlocks[i], "ncbuc", RW_DUPOK | RW_RECURSE);
1829 	ncvnodehash = cache_roundup_2(mp_ncpus * 64) - 1;
1830 	vnodelocks = malloc(sizeof(*vnodelocks) * numvnodelocks, M_VFSCACHE,
1831 	    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1832 	for (i = 0; i < numvnodelocks; i++)
1833 		mtx_init(&vnodelocks[i], "ncvn", NULL, MTX_DUPOK | MTX_RECURSE);
1834 	ncpurgeminvnodes = numbucketlocks;
1835 
1836 	ncneghash = 3;
1837 	neglists = malloc(sizeof(*neglists) * numneglists, M_VFSCACHE,
1838 	    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1839 	for (i = 0; i < numneglists; i++) {
1840 		mtx_init(&neglists[i].nl_lock, "ncnegl", NULL, MTX_DEF);
1841 		TAILQ_INIT(&neglists[i].nl_list);
1842 	}
1843 	mtx_init(&ncneg_hot.nl_lock, "ncneglh", NULL, MTX_DEF);
1844 	TAILQ_INIT(&ncneg_hot.nl_list);
1845 
1846 	mtx_init(&ncneg_shrink_lock, "ncnegs", NULL, MTX_DEF);
1847 
1848 	numcalls = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1849 	dothits = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1850 	dotdothits = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1851 	numchecks = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1852 	nummiss = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1853 	nummisszap = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1854 	numposzaps = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1855 	numposhits = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1856 	numnegzaps = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1857 	numneghits = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1858 	numfullpathcalls = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1859 	numfullpathfail1 = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1860 	numfullpathfail2 = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1861 	numfullpathfail4 = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1862 	numfullpathfound = counter_u64_alloc(M_WAITOK);
1863 }
1864 SYSINIT(vfs, SI_SUB_VFS, SI_ORDER_SECOND, nchinit, NULL);
1865 
1866 void
1867 cache_changesize(int newmaxvnodes)
1868 {
1869 	struct nchashhead *new_nchashtbl, *old_nchashtbl;
1870 	u_long new_nchash, old_nchash;
1871 	struct namecache *ncp;
1872 	uint32_t hash;
1873 	int i;
1874 
1875 	newmaxvnodes = cache_roundup_2(newmaxvnodes * 2);
1876 	if (newmaxvnodes < numbucketlocks)
1877 		newmaxvnodes = numbucketlocks;
1878 
1879 	new_nchashtbl = hashinit(newmaxvnodes, M_VFSCACHE, &new_nchash);
1880 	/* If same hash table size, nothing to do */
1881 	if (nchash == new_nchash) {
1882 		free(new_nchashtbl, M_VFSCACHE);
1883 		return;
1884 	}
1885 	/*
1886 	 * Move everything from the old hash table to the new table.
1887 	 * None of the namecache entries in the table can be removed
1888 	 * because to do so, they have to be removed from the hash table.
1889 	 */
1890 	cache_lock_all_vnodes();
1891 	cache_lock_all_buckets();
1892 	old_nchashtbl = nchashtbl;
1893 	old_nchash = nchash;
1894 	nchashtbl = new_nchashtbl;
1895 	nchash = new_nchash;
1896 	for (i = 0; i <= old_nchash; i++) {
1897 		while ((ncp = LIST_FIRST(&old_nchashtbl[i])) != NULL) {
1898 			hash = cache_get_hash(ncp->nc_name, ncp->nc_nlen,
1899 			    ncp->nc_dvp);
1900 			LIST_REMOVE(ncp, nc_hash);
1901 			LIST_INSERT_HEAD(NCHHASH(hash), ncp, nc_hash);
1902 		}
1903 	}
1904 	cache_unlock_all_buckets();
1905 	cache_unlock_all_vnodes();
1906 	free(old_nchashtbl, M_VFSCACHE);
1907 }
1908 
1909 /*
1910  * Invalidate all entries to a particular vnode.
1911  */
1912 void
1913 cache_purge(struct vnode *vp)
1914 {
1915 	TAILQ_HEAD(, namecache) ncps;
1916 	struct namecache *ncp, *nnp;
1917 	struct mtx *vlp, *vlp2;
1918 
1919 	CTR1(KTR_VFS, "cache_purge(%p)", vp);
1920 	SDT_PROBE1(vfs, namecache, purge, done, vp);
1921 	if (LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_cache_src) && TAILQ_EMPTY(&vp->v_cache_dst) &&
1922 	    vp->v_cache_dd == NULL)
1923 		return;
1924 	TAILQ_INIT(&ncps);
1925 	vlp = VP2VNODELOCK(vp);
1926 	vlp2 = NULL;
1927 	mtx_lock(vlp);
1928 retry:
1929 	while (!LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_cache_src)) {
1930 		ncp = LIST_FIRST(&vp->v_cache_src);
1931 		if (!cache_zap_locked_vnode_kl2(ncp, vp, &vlp2))
1932 			goto retry;
1933 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ncps, ncp, nc_dst);
1934 	}
1935 	while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&vp->v_cache_dst)) {
1936 		ncp = TAILQ_FIRST(&vp->v_cache_dst);
1937 		if (!cache_zap_locked_vnode_kl2(ncp, vp, &vlp2))
1938 			goto retry;
1939 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ncps, ncp, nc_dst);
1940 	}
1941 	ncp = vp->v_cache_dd;
1942 	if (ncp != NULL) {
1943 		KASSERT(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT,
1944 		   ("lost dotdot link"));
1945 		if (!cache_zap_locked_vnode_kl2(ncp, vp, &vlp2))
1946 			goto retry;
1947 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ncps, ncp, nc_dst);
1948 	}
1949 	KASSERT(vp->v_cache_dd == NULL, ("incomplete purge"));
1950 	mtx_unlock(vlp);
1951 	if (vlp2 != NULL)
1952 		mtx_unlock(vlp2);
1953 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ncp, &ncps, nc_dst, nnp) {
1954 		cache_free(ncp);
1955 	}
1956 }
1957 
1958 /*
1959  * Invalidate all negative entries for a particular directory vnode.
1960  */
1961 void
1962 cache_purge_negative(struct vnode *vp)
1963 {
1964 	TAILQ_HEAD(, namecache) ncps;
1965 	struct namecache *ncp, *nnp;
1966 	struct mtx *vlp;
1967 
1968 	CTR1(KTR_VFS, "cache_purge_negative(%p)", vp);
1969 	SDT_PROBE1(vfs, namecache, purge_negative, done, vp);
1970 	TAILQ_INIT(&ncps);
1971 	vlp = VP2VNODELOCK(vp);
1972 	mtx_lock(vlp);
1973 	LIST_FOREACH_SAFE(ncp, &vp->v_cache_src, nc_src, nnp) {
1974 		if (!(ncp->nc_flag & NCF_NEGATIVE))
1975 			continue;
1976 		cache_zap_negative_locked_vnode_kl(ncp, vp);
1977 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ncps, ncp, nc_dst);
1978 	}
1979 	mtx_unlock(vlp);
1980 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ncp, &ncps, nc_dst, nnp) {
1981 		cache_free(ncp);
1982 	}
1983 }
1984 
1985 /*
1986  * Flush all entries referencing a particular filesystem.
1987  */
1988 void
1989 cache_purgevfs(struct mount *mp, bool force)
1990 {
1991 	TAILQ_HEAD(, namecache) ncps;
1992 	struct mtx *vlp1, *vlp2;
1993 	struct rwlock *blp;
1994 	struct nchashhead *bucket;
1995 	struct namecache *ncp, *nnp;
1996 	u_long i, j, n_nchash;
1997 	int error;
1998 
1999 	/* Scan hash tables for applicable entries */
2000 	SDT_PROBE1(vfs, namecache, purgevfs, done, mp);
2001 	if (!force && mp->mnt_nvnodelistsize <= ncpurgeminvnodes)
2002 		return;
2003 	TAILQ_INIT(&ncps);
2004 	n_nchash = nchash + 1;
2005 	vlp1 = vlp2 = NULL;
2006 	for (i = 0; i < numbucketlocks; i++) {
2007 		blp = (struct rwlock *)&bucketlocks[i];
2008 		rw_wlock(blp);
2009 		for (j = i; j < n_nchash; j += numbucketlocks) {
2010 retry:
2011 			bucket = &nchashtbl[j];
2012 			LIST_FOREACH_SAFE(ncp, bucket, nc_hash, nnp) {
2013 				cache_assert_bucket_locked(ncp, RA_WLOCKED);
2014 				if (ncp->nc_dvp->v_mount != mp)
2015 					continue;
2016 				error = cache_zap_wlocked_bucket_kl(ncp, blp,
2017 				    &vlp1, &vlp2);
2018 				if (error != 0)
2019 					goto retry;
2020 				TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&ncps, ncp, nc_dst);
2021 			}
2022 		}
2023 		rw_wunlock(blp);
2024 		if (vlp1 == NULL && vlp2 == NULL)
2025 			cache_maybe_yield();
2026 	}
2027 	if (vlp1 != NULL)
2028 		mtx_unlock(vlp1);
2029 	if (vlp2 != NULL)
2030 		mtx_unlock(vlp2);
2031 
2032 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ncp, &ncps, nc_dst, nnp) {
2033 		cache_free(ncp);
2034 	}
2035 }
2036 
2037 /*
2038  * Perform canonical checks and cache lookup and pass on to filesystem
2039  * through the vop_cachedlookup only if needed.
2040  */
2041 
2042 int
2043 vfs_cache_lookup(struct vop_lookup_args *ap)
2044 {
2045 	struct vnode *dvp;
2046 	int error;
2047 	struct vnode **vpp = ap->a_vpp;
2048 	struct componentname *cnp = ap->a_cnp;
2049 	struct ucred *cred = cnp->cn_cred;
2050 	int flags = cnp->cn_flags;
2051 	struct thread *td = cnp->cn_thread;
2052 
2053 	*vpp = NULL;
2054 	dvp = ap->a_dvp;
2055 
2056 	if (dvp->v_type != VDIR)
2057 		return (ENOTDIR);
2058 
2059 	if ((flags & ISLASTCN) && (dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) &&
2060 	    (cnp->cn_nameiop == DELETE || cnp->cn_nameiop == RENAME))
2061 		return (EROFS);
2062 
2063 	error = VOP_ACCESS(dvp, VEXEC, cred, td);
2064 	if (error)
2065 		return (error);
2066 
2067 	error = cache_lookup(dvp, vpp, cnp, NULL, NULL);
2068 	if (error == 0)
2069 		return (VOP_CACHEDLOOKUP(dvp, vpp, cnp));
2070 	if (error == -1)
2071 		return (0);
2072 	return (error);
2073 }
2074 
2075 /*
2076  * XXX All of these sysctls would probably be more productive dead.
2077  */
2078 static int __read_mostly disablecwd;
2079 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, disablecwd, CTLFLAG_RW, &disablecwd, 0,
2080    "Disable the getcwd syscall");
2081 
2082 /* Implementation of the getcwd syscall. */
2083 int
2084 sys___getcwd(struct thread *td, struct __getcwd_args *uap)
2085 {
2086 
2087 	return (kern___getcwd(td, uap->buf, UIO_USERSPACE, uap->buflen,
2088 	    MAXPATHLEN));
2089 }
2090 
2091 int
2092 kern___getcwd(struct thread *td, char *buf, enum uio_seg bufseg, size_t buflen,
2093     size_t path_max)
2094 {
2095 	char *bp, *tmpbuf;
2096 	struct filedesc *fdp;
2097 	struct vnode *cdir, *rdir;
2098 	int error;
2099 
2100 	if (__predict_false(disablecwd))
2101 		return (ENODEV);
2102 	if (__predict_false(buflen < 2))
2103 		return (EINVAL);
2104 	if (buflen > path_max)
2105 		buflen = path_max;
2106 
2107 	tmpbuf = malloc(buflen, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
2108 	fdp = td->td_proc->p_fd;
2109 	FILEDESC_SLOCK(fdp);
2110 	cdir = fdp->fd_cdir;
2111 	vrefact(cdir);
2112 	rdir = fdp->fd_rdir;
2113 	vrefact(rdir);
2114 	FILEDESC_SUNLOCK(fdp);
2115 	error = vn_fullpath1(td, cdir, rdir, tmpbuf, &bp, buflen);
2116 	vrele(rdir);
2117 	vrele(cdir);
2118 
2119 	if (!error) {
2120 		if (bufseg == UIO_SYSSPACE)
2121 			bcopy(bp, buf, strlen(bp) + 1);
2122 		else
2123 			error = copyout(bp, buf, strlen(bp) + 1);
2124 #ifdef KTRACE
2125 	if (KTRPOINT(curthread, KTR_NAMEI))
2126 		ktrnamei(bp);
2127 #endif
2128 	}
2129 	free(tmpbuf, M_TEMP);
2130 	return (error);
2131 }
2132 
2133 /*
2134  * Thus begins the fullpath magic.
2135  */
2136 
2137 static int __read_mostly disablefullpath;
2138 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, disablefullpath, CTLFLAG_RW, &disablefullpath, 0,
2139     "Disable the vn_fullpath function");
2140 
2141 /*
2142  * Retrieve the full filesystem path that correspond to a vnode from the name
2143  * cache (if available)
2144  */
2145 int
2146 vn_fullpath(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vn, char **retbuf, char **freebuf)
2147 {
2148 	char *buf;
2149 	struct filedesc *fdp;
2150 	struct vnode *rdir;
2151 	int error;
2152 
2153 	if (__predict_false(disablefullpath))
2154 		return (ENODEV);
2155 	if (__predict_false(vn == NULL))
2156 		return (EINVAL);
2157 
2158 	buf = malloc(MAXPATHLEN, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
2159 	fdp = td->td_proc->p_fd;
2160 	FILEDESC_SLOCK(fdp);
2161 	rdir = fdp->fd_rdir;
2162 	vrefact(rdir);
2163 	FILEDESC_SUNLOCK(fdp);
2164 	error = vn_fullpath1(td, vn, rdir, buf, retbuf, MAXPATHLEN);
2165 	vrele(rdir);
2166 
2167 	if (!error)
2168 		*freebuf = buf;
2169 	else
2170 		free(buf, M_TEMP);
2171 	return (error);
2172 }
2173 
2174 /*
2175  * This function is similar to vn_fullpath, but it attempts to lookup the
2176  * pathname relative to the global root mount point.  This is required for the
2177  * auditing sub-system, as audited pathnames must be absolute, relative to the
2178  * global root mount point.
2179  */
2180 int
2181 vn_fullpath_global(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vn,
2182     char **retbuf, char **freebuf)
2183 {
2184 	char *buf;
2185 	int error;
2186 
2187 	if (__predict_false(disablefullpath))
2188 		return (ENODEV);
2189 	if (__predict_false(vn == NULL))
2190 		return (EINVAL);
2191 	buf = malloc(MAXPATHLEN, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
2192 	error = vn_fullpath1(td, vn, rootvnode, buf, retbuf, MAXPATHLEN);
2193 	if (!error)
2194 		*freebuf = buf;
2195 	else
2196 		free(buf, M_TEMP);
2197 	return (error);
2198 }
2199 
2200 int
2201 vn_vptocnp(struct vnode **vp, struct ucred *cred, char *buf, u_int *buflen)
2202 {
2203 	struct vnode *dvp;
2204 	struct namecache *ncp;
2205 	struct mtx *vlp;
2206 	int error;
2207 
2208 	vlp = VP2VNODELOCK(*vp);
2209 	mtx_lock(vlp);
2210 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ncp, &((*vp)->v_cache_dst), nc_dst) {
2211 		if ((ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) == 0)
2212 			break;
2213 	}
2214 	if (ncp != NULL) {
2215 		if (*buflen < ncp->nc_nlen) {
2216 			mtx_unlock(vlp);
2217 			vrele(*vp);
2218 			counter_u64_add(numfullpathfail4, 1);
2219 			error = ENOMEM;
2220 			SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, return, error,
2221 			    vp, NULL);
2222 			return (error);
2223 		}
2224 		*buflen -= ncp->nc_nlen;
2225 		memcpy(buf + *buflen, ncp->nc_name, ncp->nc_nlen);
2226 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, hit, ncp->nc_dvp,
2227 		    ncp->nc_name, vp);
2228 		dvp = *vp;
2229 		*vp = ncp->nc_dvp;
2230 		vref(*vp);
2231 		mtx_unlock(vlp);
2232 		vrele(dvp);
2233 		return (0);
2234 	}
2235 	SDT_PROBE1(vfs, namecache, fullpath, miss, vp);
2236 
2237 	mtx_unlock(vlp);
2238 	vn_lock(*vp, LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY);
2239 	error = VOP_VPTOCNP(*vp, &dvp, cred, buf, buflen);
2240 	vput(*vp);
2241 	if (error) {
2242 		counter_u64_add(numfullpathfail2, 1);
2243 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, return,  error, vp, NULL);
2244 		return (error);
2245 	}
2246 
2247 	*vp = dvp;
2248 	if (dvp->v_iflag & VI_DOOMED) {
2249 		/* forced unmount */
2250 		vrele(dvp);
2251 		error = ENOENT;
2252 		SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, return, error, vp, NULL);
2253 		return (error);
2254 	}
2255 	/*
2256 	 * *vp has its use count incremented still.
2257 	 */
2258 
2259 	return (0);
2260 }
2261 
2262 /*
2263  * The magic behind kern___getcwd() and vn_fullpath().
2264  */
2265 static int
2266 vn_fullpath1(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vp, struct vnode *rdir,
2267     char *buf, char **retbuf, u_int buflen)
2268 {
2269 	int error, slash_prefixed;
2270 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
2271 	struct vnode *startvp = vp;
2272 #endif
2273 	struct vnode *vp1;
2274 
2275 	buflen--;
2276 	buf[buflen] = '\0';
2277 	error = 0;
2278 	slash_prefixed = 0;
2279 
2280 	SDT_PROBE1(vfs, namecache, fullpath, entry, vp);
2281 	counter_u64_add(numfullpathcalls, 1);
2282 	vref(vp);
2283 	if (vp->v_type != VDIR) {
2284 		error = vn_vptocnp(&vp, td->td_ucred, buf, &buflen);
2285 		if (error)
2286 			return (error);
2287 		if (buflen == 0) {
2288 			vrele(vp);
2289 			return (ENOMEM);
2290 		}
2291 		buf[--buflen] = '/';
2292 		slash_prefixed = 1;
2293 	}
2294 	while (vp != rdir && vp != rootvnode) {
2295 		/*
2296 		 * The vp vnode must be already fully constructed,
2297 		 * since it is either found in namecache or obtained
2298 		 * from VOP_VPTOCNP().  We may test for VV_ROOT safely
2299 		 * without obtaining the vnode lock.
2300 		 */
2301 		if ((vp->v_vflag & VV_ROOT) != 0) {
2302 			vn_lock(vp, LK_RETRY | LK_SHARED);
2303 
2304 			/*
2305 			 * With the vnode locked, check for races with
2306 			 * unmount, forced or not.  Note that we
2307 			 * already verified that vp is not equal to
2308 			 * the root vnode, which means that
2309 			 * mnt_vnodecovered can be NULL only for the
2310 			 * case of unmount.
2311 			 */
2312 			if ((vp->v_iflag & VI_DOOMED) != 0 ||
2313 			    (vp1 = vp->v_mount->mnt_vnodecovered) == NULL ||
2314 			    vp1->v_mountedhere != vp->v_mount) {
2315 				vput(vp);
2316 				error = ENOENT;
2317 				SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, return,
2318 				    error, vp, NULL);
2319 				break;
2320 			}
2321 
2322 			vref(vp1);
2323 			vput(vp);
2324 			vp = vp1;
2325 			continue;
2326 		}
2327 		if (vp->v_type != VDIR) {
2328 			vrele(vp);
2329 			counter_u64_add(numfullpathfail1, 1);
2330 			error = ENOTDIR;
2331 			SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, return,
2332 			    error, vp, NULL);
2333 			break;
2334 		}
2335 		error = vn_vptocnp(&vp, td->td_ucred, buf, &buflen);
2336 		if (error)
2337 			break;
2338 		if (buflen == 0) {
2339 			vrele(vp);
2340 			error = ENOMEM;
2341 			SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, return, error,
2342 			    startvp, NULL);
2343 			break;
2344 		}
2345 		buf[--buflen] = '/';
2346 		slash_prefixed = 1;
2347 	}
2348 	if (error)
2349 		return (error);
2350 	if (!slash_prefixed) {
2351 		if (buflen == 0) {
2352 			vrele(vp);
2353 			counter_u64_add(numfullpathfail4, 1);
2354 			SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, return, ENOMEM,
2355 			    startvp, NULL);
2356 			return (ENOMEM);
2357 		}
2358 		buf[--buflen] = '/';
2359 	}
2360 	counter_u64_add(numfullpathfound, 1);
2361 	vrele(vp);
2362 
2363 	SDT_PROBE3(vfs, namecache, fullpath, return, 0, startvp, buf + buflen);
2364 	*retbuf = buf + buflen;
2365 	return (0);
2366 }
2367 
2368 struct vnode *
2369 vn_dir_dd_ino(struct vnode *vp)
2370 {
2371 	struct namecache *ncp;
2372 	struct vnode *ddvp;
2373 	struct mtx *vlp;
2374 
2375 	ASSERT_VOP_LOCKED(vp, "vn_dir_dd_ino");
2376 	vlp = VP2VNODELOCK(vp);
2377 	mtx_lock(vlp);
2378 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ncp, &(vp->v_cache_dst), nc_dst) {
2379 		if ((ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) != 0)
2380 			continue;
2381 		ddvp = ncp->nc_dvp;
2382 		vhold(ddvp);
2383 		mtx_unlock(vlp);
2384 		if (vget(ddvp, LK_SHARED | LK_NOWAIT | LK_VNHELD, curthread))
2385 			return (NULL);
2386 		return (ddvp);
2387 	}
2388 	mtx_unlock(vlp);
2389 	return (NULL);
2390 }
2391 
2392 int
2393 vn_commname(struct vnode *vp, char *buf, u_int buflen)
2394 {
2395 	struct namecache *ncp;
2396 	struct mtx *vlp;
2397 	int l;
2398 
2399 	vlp = VP2VNODELOCK(vp);
2400 	mtx_lock(vlp);
2401 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ncp, &vp->v_cache_dst, nc_dst)
2402 		if ((ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDOTDOT) == 0)
2403 			break;
2404 	if (ncp == NULL) {
2405 		mtx_unlock(vlp);
2406 		return (ENOENT);
2407 	}
2408 	l = min(ncp->nc_nlen, buflen - 1);
2409 	memcpy(buf, ncp->nc_name, l);
2410 	mtx_unlock(vlp);
2411 	buf[l] = '\0';
2412 	return (0);
2413 }
2414 
2415 /* ABI compat shims for old kernel modules. */
2416 #undef cache_enter
2417 
2418 void	cache_enter(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *vp,
2419 	    struct componentname *cnp);
2420 
2421 void
2422 cache_enter(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *vp, struct componentname *cnp)
2423 {
2424 
2425 	cache_enter_time(dvp, vp, cnp, NULL, NULL);
2426 }
2427 
2428 /*
2429  * This function updates path string to vnode's full global path
2430  * and checks the size of the new path string against the pathlen argument.
2431  *
2432  * Requires a locked, referenced vnode.
2433  * Vnode is re-locked on success or ENODEV, otherwise unlocked.
2434  *
2435  * If sysctl debug.disablefullpath is set, ENODEV is returned,
2436  * vnode is left locked and path remain untouched.
2437  *
2438  * If vp is a directory, the call to vn_fullpath_global() always succeeds
2439  * because it falls back to the ".." lookup if the namecache lookup fails.
2440  */
2441 int
2442 vn_path_to_global_path(struct thread *td, struct vnode *vp, char *path,
2443     u_int pathlen)
2444 {
2445 	struct nameidata nd;
2446 	struct vnode *vp1;
2447 	char *rpath, *fbuf;
2448 	int error;
2449 
2450 	ASSERT_VOP_ELOCKED(vp, __func__);
2451 
2452 	/* Return ENODEV if sysctl debug.disablefullpath==1 */
2453 	if (__predict_false(disablefullpath))
2454 		return (ENODEV);
2455 
2456 	/* Construct global filesystem path from vp. */
2457 	VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0);
2458 	error = vn_fullpath_global(td, vp, &rpath, &fbuf);
2459 
2460 	if (error != 0) {
2461 		vrele(vp);
2462 		return (error);
2463 	}
2464 
2465 	if (strlen(rpath) >= pathlen) {
2466 		vrele(vp);
2467 		error = ENAMETOOLONG;
2468 		goto out;
2469 	}
2470 
2471 	/*
2472 	 * Re-lookup the vnode by path to detect a possible rename.
2473 	 * As a side effect, the vnode is relocked.
2474 	 * If vnode was renamed, return ENOENT.
2475 	 */
2476 	NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF | AUDITVNODE1,
2477 	    UIO_SYSSPACE, path, td);
2478 	error = namei(&nd);
2479 	if (error != 0) {
2480 		vrele(vp);
2481 		goto out;
2482 	}
2483 	NDFREE(&nd, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
2484 	vp1 = nd.ni_vp;
2485 	vrele(vp);
2486 	if (vp1 == vp)
2487 		strcpy(path, rpath);
2488 	else {
2489 		vput(vp1);
2490 		error = ENOENT;
2491 	}
2492 
2493 out:
2494 	free(fbuf, M_TEMP);
2495 	return (error);
2496 }
2497