xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_smp.c (revision 0572ccaa4543b0abef8ef81e384c1d04de9f3da1)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2001, John Baldwin <jhb@FreeBSD.org>.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * This module holds the global variables and machine independent functions
29  * used for the kernel SMP support.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
34 
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/systm.h>
37 #include <sys/kernel.h>
38 #include <sys/ktr.h>
39 #include <sys/proc.h>
40 #include <sys/bus.h>
41 #include <sys/lock.h>
42 #include <sys/mutex.h>
43 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
44 #include <sys/sched.h>
45 #include <sys/smp.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
47 
48 #include <machine/cpu.h>
49 #include <machine/smp.h>
50 
51 #include "opt_sched.h"
52 
53 #ifdef SMP
54 volatile cpuset_t stopped_cpus;
55 volatile cpuset_t started_cpus;
56 volatile cpuset_t suspended_cpus;
57 cpuset_t hlt_cpus_mask;
58 cpuset_t logical_cpus_mask;
59 
60 void (*cpustop_restartfunc)(void);
61 #endif
62 
63 static int sysctl_kern_smp_active(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
64 
65 /* This is used in modules that need to work in both SMP and UP. */
66 cpuset_t all_cpus;
67 
68 int mp_ncpus;
69 /* export this for libkvm consumers. */
70 int mp_maxcpus = MAXCPU;
71 
72 volatile int smp_started;
73 u_int mp_maxid;
74 
75 static SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, smp, CTLFLAG_RD|CTLFLAG_CAPRD, NULL,
76     "Kernel SMP");
77 
78 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_smp, OID_AUTO, maxid, CTLFLAG_RD|CTLFLAG_CAPRD, &mp_maxid, 0,
79     "Max CPU ID.");
80 
81 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_smp, OID_AUTO, maxcpus, CTLFLAG_RD|CTLFLAG_CAPRD, &mp_maxcpus,
82     0, "Max number of CPUs that the system was compiled for.");
83 
84 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_smp, OID_AUTO, active, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLTYPE_INT, NULL, 0,
85     sysctl_kern_smp_active, "I", "Indicates system is running in SMP mode");
86 
87 int smp_disabled = 0;	/* has smp been disabled? */
88 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_smp, OID_AUTO, disabled, CTLFLAG_RDTUN|CTLFLAG_CAPRD,
89     &smp_disabled, 0, "SMP has been disabled from the loader");
90 TUNABLE_INT("kern.smp.disabled", &smp_disabled);
91 
92 int smp_cpus = 1;	/* how many cpu's running */
93 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_smp, OID_AUTO, cpus, CTLFLAG_RD|CTLFLAG_CAPRD, &smp_cpus, 0,
94     "Number of CPUs online");
95 
96 int smp_topology = 0;	/* Which topology we're using. */
97 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_smp, OID_AUTO, topology, CTLFLAG_RD, &smp_topology, 0,
98     "Topology override setting; 0 is default provided by hardware.");
99 TUNABLE_INT("kern.smp.topology", &smp_topology);
100 
101 #ifdef SMP
102 /* Enable forwarding of a signal to a process running on a different CPU */
103 static int forward_signal_enabled = 1;
104 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_smp, OID_AUTO, forward_signal_enabled, CTLFLAG_RW,
105 	   &forward_signal_enabled, 0,
106 	   "Forwarding of a signal to a process on a different CPU");
107 
108 /* Variables needed for SMP rendezvous. */
109 static volatile int smp_rv_ncpus;
110 static void (*volatile smp_rv_setup_func)(void *arg);
111 static void (*volatile smp_rv_action_func)(void *arg);
112 static void (*volatile smp_rv_teardown_func)(void *arg);
113 static void *volatile smp_rv_func_arg;
114 static volatile int smp_rv_waiters[4];
115 
116 /*
117  * Shared mutex to restrict busywaits between smp_rendezvous() and
118  * smp(_targeted)_tlb_shootdown().  A deadlock occurs if both of these
119  * functions trigger at once and cause multiple CPUs to busywait with
120  * interrupts disabled.
121  */
122 struct mtx smp_ipi_mtx;
123 
124 /*
125  * Let the MD SMP code initialize mp_maxid very early if it can.
126  */
127 static void
128 mp_setmaxid(void *dummy)
129 {
130 	cpu_mp_setmaxid();
131 }
132 SYSINIT(cpu_mp_setmaxid, SI_SUB_TUNABLES, SI_ORDER_FIRST, mp_setmaxid, NULL);
133 
134 /*
135  * Call the MD SMP initialization code.
136  */
137 static void
138 mp_start(void *dummy)
139 {
140 
141 	mtx_init(&smp_ipi_mtx, "smp rendezvous", NULL, MTX_SPIN);
142 
143 	/* Probe for MP hardware. */
144 	if (smp_disabled != 0 || cpu_mp_probe() == 0) {
145 		mp_ncpus = 1;
146 		CPU_SETOF(PCPU_GET(cpuid), &all_cpus);
147 		return;
148 	}
149 
150 	cpu_mp_start();
151 	printf("FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: %d CPUs\n",
152 	    mp_ncpus);
153 	cpu_mp_announce();
154 }
155 SYSINIT(cpu_mp, SI_SUB_CPU, SI_ORDER_THIRD, mp_start, NULL);
156 
157 void
158 forward_signal(struct thread *td)
159 {
160 	int id;
161 
162 	/*
163 	 * signotify() has already set TDF_ASTPENDING and TDF_NEEDSIGCHECK on
164 	 * this thread, so all we need to do is poke it if it is currently
165 	 * executing so that it executes ast().
166 	 */
167 	THREAD_LOCK_ASSERT(td, MA_OWNED);
168 	KASSERT(TD_IS_RUNNING(td),
169 	    ("forward_signal: thread is not TDS_RUNNING"));
170 
171 	CTR1(KTR_SMP, "forward_signal(%p)", td->td_proc);
172 
173 	if (!smp_started || cold || panicstr)
174 		return;
175 	if (!forward_signal_enabled)
176 		return;
177 
178 	/* No need to IPI ourself. */
179 	if (td == curthread)
180 		return;
181 
182 	id = td->td_oncpu;
183 	if (id == NOCPU)
184 		return;
185 	ipi_cpu(id, IPI_AST);
186 }
187 
188 /*
189  * When called the executing CPU will send an IPI to all other CPUs
190  *  requesting that they halt execution.
191  *
192  * Usually (but not necessarily) called with 'other_cpus' as its arg.
193  *
194  *  - Signals all CPUs in map to stop.
195  *  - Waits for each to stop.
196  *
197  * Returns:
198  *  -1: error
199  *   0: NA
200  *   1: ok
201  *
202  */
203 static int
204 generic_stop_cpus(cpuset_t map, u_int type)
205 {
206 #ifdef KTR
207 	char cpusetbuf[CPUSETBUFSIZ];
208 #endif
209 	static volatile u_int stopping_cpu = NOCPU;
210 	int i;
211 	volatile cpuset_t *cpus;
212 
213 	KASSERT(
214 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
215 	    type == IPI_STOP || type == IPI_STOP_HARD || type == IPI_SUSPEND,
216 #else
217 	    type == IPI_STOP || type == IPI_STOP_HARD,
218 #endif
219 	    ("%s: invalid stop type", __func__));
220 
221 	if (!smp_started)
222 		return (0);
223 
224 	CTR2(KTR_SMP, "stop_cpus(%s) with %u type",
225 	    cpusetobj_strprint(cpusetbuf, &map), type);
226 
227 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
228 	/*
229 	 * When suspending, ensure there are are no IPIs in progress.
230 	 * IPIs that have been issued, but not yet delivered (e.g.
231 	 * not pending on a vCPU when running under virtualization)
232 	 * will be lost, violating FreeBSD's assumption of reliable
233 	 * IPI delivery.
234 	 */
235 	if (type == IPI_SUSPEND)
236 		mtx_lock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
237 #endif
238 
239 	if (stopping_cpu != PCPU_GET(cpuid))
240 		while (atomic_cmpset_int(&stopping_cpu, NOCPU,
241 		    PCPU_GET(cpuid)) == 0)
242 			while (stopping_cpu != NOCPU)
243 				cpu_spinwait(); /* spin */
244 
245 	/* send the stop IPI to all CPUs in map */
246 	ipi_selected(map, type);
247 
248 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
249 	if (type == IPI_SUSPEND)
250 		cpus = &suspended_cpus;
251 	else
252 #endif
253 		cpus = &stopped_cpus;
254 
255 	i = 0;
256 	while (!CPU_SUBSET(cpus, &map)) {
257 		/* spin */
258 		cpu_spinwait();
259 		i++;
260 		if (i == 100000000) {
261 			printf("timeout stopping cpus\n");
262 			break;
263 		}
264 	}
265 
266 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
267 	if (type == IPI_SUSPEND)
268 		mtx_unlock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
269 #endif
270 
271 	stopping_cpu = NOCPU;
272 	return (1);
273 }
274 
275 int
276 stop_cpus(cpuset_t map)
277 {
278 
279 	return (generic_stop_cpus(map, IPI_STOP));
280 }
281 
282 int
283 stop_cpus_hard(cpuset_t map)
284 {
285 
286 	return (generic_stop_cpus(map, IPI_STOP_HARD));
287 }
288 
289 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
290 int
291 suspend_cpus(cpuset_t map)
292 {
293 
294 	return (generic_stop_cpus(map, IPI_SUSPEND));
295 }
296 #endif
297 
298 /*
299  * Called by a CPU to restart stopped CPUs.
300  *
301  * Usually (but not necessarily) called with 'stopped_cpus' as its arg.
302  *
303  *  - Signals all CPUs in map to restart.
304  *  - Waits for each to restart.
305  *
306  * Returns:
307  *  -1: error
308  *   0: NA
309  *   1: ok
310  */
311 static int
312 generic_restart_cpus(cpuset_t map, u_int type)
313 {
314 #ifdef KTR
315 	char cpusetbuf[CPUSETBUFSIZ];
316 #endif
317 	volatile cpuset_t *cpus;
318 
319 	KASSERT(
320 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
321 	    type == IPI_STOP || type == IPI_STOP_HARD || type == IPI_SUSPEND,
322 #else
323 	    type == IPI_STOP || type == IPI_STOP_HARD,
324 #endif
325 	    ("%s: invalid stop type", __func__));
326 
327 	if (!smp_started)
328 		return 0;
329 
330 	CTR1(KTR_SMP, "restart_cpus(%s)", cpusetobj_strprint(cpusetbuf, &map));
331 
332 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
333 	if (type == IPI_SUSPEND)
334 		cpus = &suspended_cpus;
335 	else
336 #endif
337 		cpus = &stopped_cpus;
338 
339 	/* signal other cpus to restart */
340 	CPU_COPY_STORE_REL(&map, &started_cpus);
341 
342 	/* wait for each to clear its bit */
343 	while (CPU_OVERLAP(cpus, &map))
344 		cpu_spinwait();
345 
346 	return 1;
347 }
348 
349 int
350 restart_cpus(cpuset_t map)
351 {
352 
353 	return (generic_restart_cpus(map, IPI_STOP));
354 }
355 
356 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
357 int
358 resume_cpus(cpuset_t map)
359 {
360 
361 	return (generic_restart_cpus(map, IPI_SUSPEND));
362 }
363 #endif
364 
365 /*
366  * All-CPU rendezvous.  CPUs are signalled, all execute the setup function
367  * (if specified), rendezvous, execute the action function (if specified),
368  * rendezvous again, execute the teardown function (if specified), and then
369  * resume.
370  *
371  * Note that the supplied external functions _must_ be reentrant and aware
372  * that they are running in parallel and in an unknown lock context.
373  */
374 void
375 smp_rendezvous_action(void)
376 {
377 	struct thread *td;
378 	void *local_func_arg;
379 	void (*local_setup_func)(void*);
380 	void (*local_action_func)(void*);
381 	void (*local_teardown_func)(void*);
382 #ifdef INVARIANTS
383 	int owepreempt;
384 #endif
385 
386 	/* Ensure we have up-to-date values. */
387 	atomic_add_acq_int(&smp_rv_waiters[0], 1);
388 	while (smp_rv_waiters[0] < smp_rv_ncpus)
389 		cpu_spinwait();
390 
391 	/* Fetch rendezvous parameters after acquire barrier. */
392 	local_func_arg = smp_rv_func_arg;
393 	local_setup_func = smp_rv_setup_func;
394 	local_action_func = smp_rv_action_func;
395 	local_teardown_func = smp_rv_teardown_func;
396 
397 	/*
398 	 * Use a nested critical section to prevent any preemptions
399 	 * from occurring during a rendezvous action routine.
400 	 * Specifically, if a rendezvous handler is invoked via an IPI
401 	 * and the interrupted thread was in the critical_exit()
402 	 * function after setting td_critnest to 0 but before
403 	 * performing a deferred preemption, this routine can be
404 	 * invoked with td_critnest set to 0 and td_owepreempt true.
405 	 * In that case, a critical_exit() during the rendezvous
406 	 * action would trigger a preemption which is not permitted in
407 	 * a rendezvous action.  To fix this, wrap all of the
408 	 * rendezvous action handlers in a critical section.  We
409 	 * cannot use a regular critical section however as having
410 	 * critical_exit() preempt from this routine would also be
411 	 * problematic (the preemption must not occur before the IPI
412 	 * has been acknowledged via an EOI).  Instead, we
413 	 * intentionally ignore td_owepreempt when leaving the
414 	 * critical section.  This should be harmless because we do
415 	 * not permit rendezvous action routines to schedule threads,
416 	 * and thus td_owepreempt should never transition from 0 to 1
417 	 * during this routine.
418 	 */
419 	td = curthread;
420 	td->td_critnest++;
421 #ifdef INVARIANTS
422 	owepreempt = td->td_owepreempt;
423 #endif
424 
425 	/*
426 	 * If requested, run a setup function before the main action
427 	 * function.  Ensure all CPUs have completed the setup
428 	 * function before moving on to the action function.
429 	 */
430 	if (local_setup_func != smp_no_rendevous_barrier) {
431 		if (smp_rv_setup_func != NULL)
432 			smp_rv_setup_func(smp_rv_func_arg);
433 		atomic_add_int(&smp_rv_waiters[1], 1);
434 		while (smp_rv_waiters[1] < smp_rv_ncpus)
435                 	cpu_spinwait();
436 	}
437 
438 	if (local_action_func != NULL)
439 		local_action_func(local_func_arg);
440 
441 	if (local_teardown_func != smp_no_rendevous_barrier) {
442 		/*
443 		 * Signal that the main action has been completed.  If a
444 		 * full exit rendezvous is requested, then all CPUs will
445 		 * wait here until all CPUs have finished the main action.
446 		 */
447 		atomic_add_int(&smp_rv_waiters[2], 1);
448 		while (smp_rv_waiters[2] < smp_rv_ncpus)
449 			cpu_spinwait();
450 
451 		if (local_teardown_func != NULL)
452 			local_teardown_func(local_func_arg);
453 	}
454 
455 	/*
456 	 * Signal that the rendezvous is fully completed by this CPU.
457 	 * This means that no member of smp_rv_* pseudo-structure will be
458 	 * accessed by this target CPU after this point; in particular,
459 	 * memory pointed by smp_rv_func_arg.
460 	 */
461 	atomic_add_int(&smp_rv_waiters[3], 1);
462 
463 	td->td_critnest--;
464 	KASSERT(owepreempt == td->td_owepreempt,
465 	    ("rendezvous action changed td_owepreempt"));
466 }
467 
468 void
469 smp_rendezvous_cpus(cpuset_t map,
470 	void (* setup_func)(void *),
471 	void (* action_func)(void *),
472 	void (* teardown_func)(void *),
473 	void *arg)
474 {
475 	int curcpumap, i, ncpus = 0;
476 
477 	/* Look comments in the !SMP case. */
478 	if (!smp_started) {
479 		spinlock_enter();
480 		if (setup_func != NULL)
481 			setup_func(arg);
482 		if (action_func != NULL)
483 			action_func(arg);
484 		if (teardown_func != NULL)
485 			teardown_func(arg);
486 		spinlock_exit();
487 		return;
488 	}
489 
490 	CPU_FOREACH(i) {
491 		if (CPU_ISSET(i, &map))
492 			ncpus++;
493 	}
494 	if (ncpus == 0)
495 		panic("ncpus is 0 with non-zero map");
496 
497 	mtx_lock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
498 
499 	/* Pass rendezvous parameters via global variables. */
500 	smp_rv_ncpus = ncpus;
501 	smp_rv_setup_func = setup_func;
502 	smp_rv_action_func = action_func;
503 	smp_rv_teardown_func = teardown_func;
504 	smp_rv_func_arg = arg;
505 	smp_rv_waiters[1] = 0;
506 	smp_rv_waiters[2] = 0;
507 	smp_rv_waiters[3] = 0;
508 	atomic_store_rel_int(&smp_rv_waiters[0], 0);
509 
510 	/*
511 	 * Signal other processors, which will enter the IPI with
512 	 * interrupts off.
513 	 */
514 	curcpumap = CPU_ISSET(curcpu, &map);
515 	CPU_CLR(curcpu, &map);
516 	ipi_selected(map, IPI_RENDEZVOUS);
517 
518 	/* Check if the current CPU is in the map */
519 	if (curcpumap != 0)
520 		smp_rendezvous_action();
521 
522 	/*
523 	 * Ensure that the master CPU waits for all the other
524 	 * CPUs to finish the rendezvous, so that smp_rv_*
525 	 * pseudo-structure and the arg are guaranteed to not
526 	 * be in use.
527 	 */
528 	while (atomic_load_acq_int(&smp_rv_waiters[3]) < ncpus)
529 		cpu_spinwait();
530 
531 	mtx_unlock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
532 }
533 
534 void
535 smp_rendezvous(void (* setup_func)(void *),
536 	       void (* action_func)(void *),
537 	       void (* teardown_func)(void *),
538 	       void *arg)
539 {
540 	smp_rendezvous_cpus(all_cpus, setup_func, action_func, teardown_func, arg);
541 }
542 
543 static struct cpu_group group[MAXCPU];
544 
545 struct cpu_group *
546 smp_topo(void)
547 {
548 	char cpusetbuf[CPUSETBUFSIZ], cpusetbuf2[CPUSETBUFSIZ];
549 	struct cpu_group *top;
550 
551 	/*
552 	 * Check for a fake topology request for debugging purposes.
553 	 */
554 	switch (smp_topology) {
555 	case 1:
556 		/* Dual core with no sharing.  */
557 		top = smp_topo_1level(CG_SHARE_NONE, 2, 0);
558 		break;
559 	case 2:
560 		/* No topology, all cpus are equal. */
561 		top = smp_topo_none();
562 		break;
563 	case 3:
564 		/* Dual core with shared L2.  */
565 		top = smp_topo_1level(CG_SHARE_L2, 2, 0);
566 		break;
567 	case 4:
568 		/* quad core, shared l3 among each package, private l2.  */
569 		top = smp_topo_1level(CG_SHARE_L3, 4, 0);
570 		break;
571 	case 5:
572 		/* quad core,  2 dualcore parts on each package share l2.  */
573 		top = smp_topo_2level(CG_SHARE_NONE, 2, CG_SHARE_L2, 2, 0);
574 		break;
575 	case 6:
576 		/* Single-core 2xHTT */
577 		top = smp_topo_1level(CG_SHARE_L1, 2, CG_FLAG_HTT);
578 		break;
579 	case 7:
580 		/* quad core with a shared l3, 8 threads sharing L2.  */
581 		top = smp_topo_2level(CG_SHARE_L3, 4, CG_SHARE_L2, 8,
582 		    CG_FLAG_SMT);
583 		break;
584 	default:
585 		/* Default, ask the system what it wants. */
586 		top = cpu_topo();
587 		break;
588 	}
589 	/*
590 	 * Verify the returned topology.
591 	 */
592 	if (top->cg_count != mp_ncpus)
593 		panic("Built bad topology at %p.  CPU count %d != %d",
594 		    top, top->cg_count, mp_ncpus);
595 	if (CPU_CMP(&top->cg_mask, &all_cpus))
596 		panic("Built bad topology at %p.  CPU mask (%s) != (%s)",
597 		    top, cpusetobj_strprint(cpusetbuf, &top->cg_mask),
598 		    cpusetobj_strprint(cpusetbuf2, &all_cpus));
599 	return (top);
600 }
601 
602 struct cpu_group *
603 smp_topo_none(void)
604 {
605 	struct cpu_group *top;
606 
607 	top = &group[0];
608 	top->cg_parent = NULL;
609 	top->cg_child = NULL;
610 	top->cg_mask = all_cpus;
611 	top->cg_count = mp_ncpus;
612 	top->cg_children = 0;
613 	top->cg_level = CG_SHARE_NONE;
614 	top->cg_flags = 0;
615 
616 	return (top);
617 }
618 
619 static int
620 smp_topo_addleaf(struct cpu_group *parent, struct cpu_group *child, int share,
621     int count, int flags, int start)
622 {
623 	char cpusetbuf[CPUSETBUFSIZ], cpusetbuf2[CPUSETBUFSIZ];
624 	cpuset_t mask;
625 	int i;
626 
627 	CPU_ZERO(&mask);
628 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++, start++)
629 		CPU_SET(start, &mask);
630 	child->cg_parent = parent;
631 	child->cg_child = NULL;
632 	child->cg_children = 0;
633 	child->cg_level = share;
634 	child->cg_count = count;
635 	child->cg_flags = flags;
636 	child->cg_mask = mask;
637 	parent->cg_children++;
638 	for (; parent != NULL; parent = parent->cg_parent) {
639 		if (CPU_OVERLAP(&parent->cg_mask, &child->cg_mask))
640 			panic("Duplicate children in %p.  mask (%s) child (%s)",
641 			    parent,
642 			    cpusetobj_strprint(cpusetbuf, &parent->cg_mask),
643 			    cpusetobj_strprint(cpusetbuf2, &child->cg_mask));
644 		CPU_OR(&parent->cg_mask, &child->cg_mask);
645 		parent->cg_count += child->cg_count;
646 	}
647 
648 	return (start);
649 }
650 
651 struct cpu_group *
652 smp_topo_1level(int share, int count, int flags)
653 {
654 	struct cpu_group *child;
655 	struct cpu_group *top;
656 	int packages;
657 	int cpu;
658 	int i;
659 
660 	cpu = 0;
661 	top = &group[0];
662 	packages = mp_ncpus / count;
663 	top->cg_child = child = &group[1];
664 	top->cg_level = CG_SHARE_NONE;
665 	for (i = 0; i < packages; i++, child++)
666 		cpu = smp_topo_addleaf(top, child, share, count, flags, cpu);
667 	return (top);
668 }
669 
670 struct cpu_group *
671 smp_topo_2level(int l2share, int l2count, int l1share, int l1count,
672     int l1flags)
673 {
674 	struct cpu_group *top;
675 	struct cpu_group *l1g;
676 	struct cpu_group *l2g;
677 	int cpu;
678 	int i;
679 	int j;
680 
681 	cpu = 0;
682 	top = &group[0];
683 	l2g = &group[1];
684 	top->cg_child = l2g;
685 	top->cg_level = CG_SHARE_NONE;
686 	top->cg_children = mp_ncpus / (l2count * l1count);
687 	l1g = l2g + top->cg_children;
688 	for (i = 0; i < top->cg_children; i++, l2g++) {
689 		l2g->cg_parent = top;
690 		l2g->cg_child = l1g;
691 		l2g->cg_level = l2share;
692 		for (j = 0; j < l2count; j++, l1g++)
693 			cpu = smp_topo_addleaf(l2g, l1g, l1share, l1count,
694 			    l1flags, cpu);
695 	}
696 	return (top);
697 }
698 
699 
700 struct cpu_group *
701 smp_topo_find(struct cpu_group *top, int cpu)
702 {
703 	struct cpu_group *cg;
704 	cpuset_t mask;
705 	int children;
706 	int i;
707 
708 	CPU_SETOF(cpu, &mask);
709 	cg = top;
710 	for (;;) {
711 		if (!CPU_OVERLAP(&cg->cg_mask, &mask))
712 			return (NULL);
713 		if (cg->cg_children == 0)
714 			return (cg);
715 		children = cg->cg_children;
716 		for (i = 0, cg = cg->cg_child; i < children; cg++, i++)
717 			if (CPU_OVERLAP(&cg->cg_mask, &mask))
718 				break;
719 	}
720 	return (NULL);
721 }
722 #else /* !SMP */
723 
724 void
725 smp_rendezvous_cpus(cpuset_t map,
726 	void (*setup_func)(void *),
727 	void (*action_func)(void *),
728 	void (*teardown_func)(void *),
729 	void *arg)
730 {
731 	/*
732 	 * In the !SMP case we just need to ensure the same initial conditions
733 	 * as the SMP case.
734 	 */
735 	spinlock_enter();
736 	if (setup_func != NULL)
737 		setup_func(arg);
738 	if (action_func != NULL)
739 		action_func(arg);
740 	if (teardown_func != NULL)
741 		teardown_func(arg);
742 	spinlock_exit();
743 }
744 
745 void
746 smp_rendezvous(void (*setup_func)(void *),
747 	       void (*action_func)(void *),
748 	       void (*teardown_func)(void *),
749 	       void *arg)
750 {
751 
752 	/* Look comments in the smp_rendezvous_cpus() case. */
753 	spinlock_enter();
754 	if (setup_func != NULL)
755 		setup_func(arg);
756 	if (action_func != NULL)
757 		action_func(arg);
758 	if (teardown_func != NULL)
759 		teardown_func(arg);
760 	spinlock_exit();
761 }
762 
763 /*
764  * Provide dummy SMP support for UP kernels.  Modules that need to use SMP
765  * APIs will still work using this dummy support.
766  */
767 static void
768 mp_setvariables_for_up(void *dummy)
769 {
770 	mp_ncpus = 1;
771 	mp_maxid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
772 	CPU_SETOF(mp_maxid, &all_cpus);
773 	KASSERT(PCPU_GET(cpuid) == 0, ("UP must have a CPU ID of zero"));
774 }
775 SYSINIT(cpu_mp_setvariables, SI_SUB_TUNABLES, SI_ORDER_FIRST,
776     mp_setvariables_for_up, NULL);
777 #endif /* SMP */
778 
779 void
780 smp_no_rendevous_barrier(void *dummy)
781 {
782 #ifdef SMP
783 	KASSERT((!smp_started),("smp_no_rendevous called and smp is started"));
784 #endif
785 }
786 
787 /*
788  * Wait specified idle threads to switch once.  This ensures that even
789  * preempted threads have cycled through the switch function once,
790  * exiting their codepaths.  This allows us to change global pointers
791  * with no other synchronization.
792  */
793 int
794 quiesce_cpus(cpuset_t map, const char *wmesg, int prio)
795 {
796 	struct pcpu *pcpu;
797 	u_int gen[MAXCPU];
798 	int error;
799 	int cpu;
800 
801 	error = 0;
802 	for (cpu = 0; cpu <= mp_maxid; cpu++) {
803 		if (!CPU_ISSET(cpu, &map) || CPU_ABSENT(cpu))
804 			continue;
805 		pcpu = pcpu_find(cpu);
806 		gen[cpu] = pcpu->pc_idlethread->td_generation;
807 	}
808 	for (cpu = 0; cpu <= mp_maxid; cpu++) {
809 		if (!CPU_ISSET(cpu, &map) || CPU_ABSENT(cpu))
810 			continue;
811 		pcpu = pcpu_find(cpu);
812 		thread_lock(curthread);
813 		sched_bind(curthread, cpu);
814 		thread_unlock(curthread);
815 		while (gen[cpu] == pcpu->pc_idlethread->td_generation) {
816 			error = tsleep(quiesce_cpus, prio, wmesg, 1);
817 			if (error != EWOULDBLOCK)
818 				goto out;
819 			error = 0;
820 		}
821 	}
822 out:
823 	thread_lock(curthread);
824 	sched_unbind(curthread);
825 	thread_unlock(curthread);
826 
827 	return (error);
828 }
829 
830 int
831 quiesce_all_cpus(const char *wmesg, int prio)
832 {
833 
834 	return quiesce_cpus(all_cpus, wmesg, prio);
835 }
836 
837 /* Extra care is taken with this sysctl because the data type is volatile */
838 static int
839 sysctl_kern_smp_active(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
840 {
841 	int error, active;
842 
843 	active = smp_started;
844 	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &active, sizeof(active));
845 	return (error);
846 }
847 
848