xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_scanf.c (revision fdafd315ad0d0f28a11b9fb4476a9ab059c62b92)

/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Chris Torek.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * From: Id: vfscanf.c,v 1.13 1998/09/25 12:20:27 obrien Exp
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/ctype.h>
#include <sys/limits.h>
#include <sys/stddef.h>

/*
 * Note that stdarg.h and the ANSI style va_start macro is used for both
 * ANSI and traditional C compilers.
 */
#include <machine/stdarg.h>

#define	BUF		32 	/* Maximum length of numeric string. */

/*
 * Flags used during conversion.
 */
#define	LONG		0x01	/* l: long or double */
#define	SHORT		0x04	/* h: short */
#define	SUPPRESS	0x08	/* suppress assignment */
#define	POINTER		0x10	/* weird %p pointer (`fake hex') */
#define	NOSKIP		0x20	/* do not skip blanks */
#define	QUAD		0x400
#define	INTMAXT		0x800	/* j: intmax_t */
#define	PTRDIFFT	0x1000	/* t: ptrdiff_t */
#define	SIZET		0x2000	/* z: size_t */
#define	SHORTSHORT	0x4000	/** hh: char */

/*
 * The following are used in numeric conversions only:
 * SIGNOK, NDIGITS, DPTOK, and EXPOK are for floating point;
 * SIGNOK, NDIGITS, PFXOK, and NZDIGITS are for integral.
 */
#define	SIGNOK		0x40	/* +/- is (still) legal */
#define	NDIGITS		0x80	/* no digits detected */

#define	DPTOK		0x100	/* (float) decimal point is still legal */
#define	EXPOK		0x200	/* (float) exponent (e+3, etc) still legal */

#define	PFXOK		0x100	/* 0x prefix is (still) legal */
#define	NZDIGITS	0x200	/* no zero digits detected */

/*
 * Conversion types.
 */
#define	CT_CHAR		0	/* %c conversion */
#define	CT_CCL		1	/* %[...] conversion */
#define	CT_STRING	2	/* %s conversion */
#define	CT_INT		3	/* integer, i.e., strtoq or strtouq */
typedef u_quad_t (*ccfntype)(const char *, char **, int);

static const u_char *__sccl(char *, const u_char *);

int
sscanf(const char *ibuf, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;
	int ret;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	ret = vsscanf(ibuf, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	return(ret);
}

int
vsscanf(const char *inp, char const *fmt0, va_list ap)
{
	int inr;
	const u_char *fmt = (const u_char *)fmt0;
	int c;			/* character from format, or conversion */
	size_t width;		/* field width, or 0 */
	char *p;		/* points into all kinds of strings */
	int n;			/* handy integer */
	int flags;		/* flags as defined above */
	char *p0;		/* saves original value of p when necessary */
	int nassigned;		/* number of fields assigned */
	int nconversions;	/* number of conversions */
	int nread;		/* number of characters consumed from fp */
	int base;		/* base argument to strtoq/strtouq */
	ccfntype ccfn;		/* conversion function (strtoq/strtouq) */
	char ccltab[256];	/* character class table for %[...] */
	char buf[BUF];		/* buffer for numeric conversions */

	/* `basefix' is used to avoid `if' tests in the integer scanner */
	static short basefix[17] =
		{ 10, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 };

	inr = strlen(inp);

	nassigned = 0;
	nconversions = 0;
	nread = 0;
	base = 0;		/* XXX just to keep gcc happy */
	ccfn = NULL;		/* XXX just to keep gcc happy */
	for (;;) {
		c = *fmt++;
		if (c == 0)
			return (nassigned);
		if (isspace(c)) {
			while (inr > 0 && isspace(*inp))
				nread++, inr--, inp++;
			continue;
		}
		if (c != '%')
			goto literal;
		width = 0;
		flags = 0;
		/*
		 * switch on the format.  continue if done;
		 * break once format type is derived.
		 */
again:		c = *fmt++;
		switch (c) {
		case '%':
literal:
			if (inr <= 0)
				goto input_failure;
			if (*inp != c)
				goto match_failure;
			inr--, inp++;
			nread++;
			continue;

		case '*':
			flags |= SUPPRESS;
			goto again;
		case 'j':
			flags |= INTMAXT;
			goto again;
		case 'l':
			if (flags & LONG){
				flags &= ~LONG;
				flags |= QUAD;
			} else {
				flags |= LONG;
			}
			goto again;
		case 'q':
			flags |= QUAD;
			goto again;
		case 't':
			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
			goto again;
		case 'z':
			flags |= SIZET;
			goto again;
		case 'h':
			if (flags & SHORT){
				flags &= ~SHORT;
				flags |= SHORTSHORT;
			} else {
				flags |= SHORT;
			}
			goto again;

		case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
			width = width * 10 + c - '0';
			goto again;

		/*
		 * Conversions.
		 *
		 */
		case 'd':
			c = CT_INT;
			ccfn = (ccfntype)strtoq;
			base = 10;
			break;

		case 'i':
			c = CT_INT;
			ccfn = (ccfntype)strtoq;
			base = 0;
			break;

		case 'o':
			c = CT_INT;
			ccfn = strtouq;
			base = 8;
			break;

		case 'u':
			c = CT_INT;
			ccfn = strtouq;
			base = 10;
			break;

		case 'x':
			flags |= PFXOK;	/* enable 0x prefixing */
			c = CT_INT;
			ccfn = strtouq;
			base = 16;
			break;

		case 's':
			c = CT_STRING;
			break;

		case '[':
			fmt = __sccl(ccltab, fmt);
			flags |= NOSKIP;
			c = CT_CCL;
			break;

		case 'c':
			flags |= NOSKIP;
			c = CT_CHAR;
			break;

		case 'p':	/* pointer format is like hex */
			flags |= POINTER | PFXOK;
			c = CT_INT;
			ccfn = strtouq;
			base = 16;
			break;

		case 'n':
			nconversions++;
			if (flags & SUPPRESS)	/* ??? */
				continue;
			if (flags & SHORTSHORT)
				*va_arg(ap, char *) = nread;
			else if (flags & SHORT)
				*va_arg(ap, short *) = nread;
			else if (flags & LONG)
				*va_arg(ap, long *) = nread;
			else if (flags & QUAD)
				*va_arg(ap, quad_t *) = nread;
			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
				*va_arg(ap, intmax_t *) = nread;
			else if (flags & SIZET)
				*va_arg(ap, size_t *) = nread;
			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
				*va_arg(ap, ptrdiff_t *) = nread;
			else
				*va_arg(ap, int *) = nread;
			continue;
		}

		/*
		 * We have a conversion that requires input.
		 */
		if (inr <= 0)
			goto input_failure;

		/*
		 * Consume leading white space, except for formats
		 * that suppress this.
		 */
		if ((flags & NOSKIP) == 0) {
			while (isspace(*inp)) {
				nread++;
				if (--inr > 0)
					inp++;
				else
					goto input_failure;
			}
			/*
			 * Note that there is at least one character in
			 * the buffer, so conversions that do not set NOSKIP
			 * can no longer result in an input failure.
			 */
		}

		/*
		 * Do the conversion.
		 */
		switch (c) {
		case CT_CHAR:
			/* scan arbitrary characters (sets NOSKIP) */
			if (width == 0)
				width = 1;
			if (flags & SUPPRESS) {
				size_t sum = 0;
				for (;;) {
					if ((n = inr) < width) {
						sum += n;
						width -= n;
						inp += n;
						if (sum == 0)
							goto input_failure;
						break;
					} else {
						sum += width;
						inr -= width;
						inp += width;
						break;
					}
				}
				nread += sum;
			} else {
				bcopy(inp, va_arg(ap, char *), width);
				inr -= width;
				inp += width;
				nread += width;
				nassigned++;
			}
			nconversions++;
			break;

		case CT_CCL:
			/* scan a (nonempty) character class (sets NOSKIP) */
			if (width == 0)
				width = (size_t)~0;	/* `infinity' */
			/* take only those things in the class */
			if (flags & SUPPRESS) {
				n = 0;
				while (ccltab[(unsigned char)*inp]) {
					n++, inr--, inp++;
					if (--width == 0)
						break;
					if (inr <= 0) {
						if (n == 0)
							goto input_failure;
						break;
					}
				}
				if (n == 0)
					goto match_failure;
			} else {
				p0 = p = va_arg(ap, char *);
				while (ccltab[(unsigned char)*inp]) {
					inr--;
					*p++ = *inp++;
					if (--width == 0)
						break;
					if (inr <= 0) {
						if (p == p0)
							goto input_failure;
						break;
					}
				}
				n = p - p0;
				if (n == 0)
					goto match_failure;
				*p = 0;
				nassigned++;
			}
			nread += n;
			nconversions++;
			break;

		case CT_STRING:
			/* like CCL, but zero-length string OK, & no NOSKIP */
			if (width == 0)
				width = (size_t)~0;
			if (flags & SUPPRESS) {
				n = 0;
				while (!isspace(*inp)) {
					n++, inr--, inp++;
					if (--width == 0)
						break;
					if (inr <= 0)
						break;
				}
				nread += n;
			} else {
				p0 = p = va_arg(ap, char *);
				while (!isspace(*inp)) {
					inr--;
					*p++ = *inp++;
					if (--width == 0)
						break;
					if (inr <= 0)
						break;
				}
				*p = 0;
				nread += p - p0;
				nassigned++;
			}
			nconversions++;
			continue;

		case CT_INT:
			/* scan an integer as if by strtoq/strtouq */
#ifdef hardway
			if (width == 0 || width > sizeof(buf) - 1)
				width = sizeof(buf) - 1;
#else
			/* size_t is unsigned, hence this optimisation */
			if (--width > sizeof(buf) - 2)
				width = sizeof(buf) - 2;
			width++;
#endif
			flags |= SIGNOK | NDIGITS | NZDIGITS;
			for (p = buf; width; width--) {
				c = *inp;
				/*
				 * Switch on the character; `goto ok'
				 * if we accept it as a part of number.
				 */
				switch (c) {
				/*
				 * The digit 0 is always legal, but is
				 * special.  For %i conversions, if no
				 * digits (zero or nonzero) have been
				 * scanned (only signs), we will have
				 * base==0.  In that case, we should set
				 * it to 8 and enable 0x prefixing.
				 * Also, if we have not scanned zero digits
				 * before this, do not turn off prefixing
				 * (someone else will turn it off if we
				 * have scanned any nonzero digits).
				 */
				case '0':
					if (base == 0) {
						base = 8;
						flags |= PFXOK;
					}
					if (flags & NZDIGITS)
					    flags &= ~(SIGNOK|NZDIGITS|NDIGITS);
					else
					    flags &= ~(SIGNOK|PFXOK|NDIGITS);
					goto ok;

				/* 1 through 7 always legal */
				case '1': case '2': case '3':
				case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
					base = basefix[base];
					flags &= ~(SIGNOK | PFXOK | NDIGITS);
					goto ok;

				/* digits 8 and 9 ok iff decimal or hex */
				case '8': case '9':
					base = basefix[base];
					if (base <= 8)
						break;	/* not legal here */
					flags &= ~(SIGNOK | PFXOK | NDIGITS);
					goto ok;

				/* letters ok iff hex */
				case 'A': case 'B': case 'C':
				case 'D': case 'E': case 'F':
				case 'a': case 'b': case 'c':
				case 'd': case 'e': case 'f':
					/* no need to fix base here */
					if (base <= 10)
						break;	/* not legal here */
					flags &= ~(SIGNOK | PFXOK | NDIGITS);
					goto ok;

				/* sign ok only as first character */
				case '+': case '-':
					if (flags & SIGNOK) {
						flags &= ~SIGNOK;
						goto ok;
					}
					break;

				/* x ok iff flag still set & 2nd char */
				case 'x': case 'X':
					if (flags & PFXOK && p == buf + 1) {
						base = 16;	/* if %i */
						flags &= ~PFXOK;
						goto ok;
					}
					break;
				}

				/*
				 * If we got here, c is not a legal character
				 * for a number.  Stop accumulating digits.
				 */
				break;
		ok:
				/*
				 * c is legal: store it and look at the next.
				 */
				*p++ = c;
				if (--inr > 0)
					inp++;
				else
					break;		/* end of input */
			}
			/*
			 * If we had only a sign, it is no good; push
			 * back the sign.  If the number ends in `x',
			 * it was [sign] '0' 'x', so push back the x
			 * and treat it as [sign] '0'.
			 */
			if (flags & NDIGITS) {
				if (p > buf) {
					inp--;
					inr++;
				}
				goto match_failure;
			}
			c = ((u_char *)p)[-1];
			if (c == 'x' || c == 'X') {
				--p;
				inp--;
				inr++;
			}
			if ((flags & SUPPRESS) == 0) {
				u_quad_t res;

				*p = 0;
				res = (*ccfn)(buf, (char **)NULL, base);
				if (flags & POINTER)
					*va_arg(ap, void **) =
						(void *)(uintptr_t)res;
				else if (flags & SHORTSHORT)
					*va_arg(ap, char *) = res;
				else if (flags & SHORT)
					*va_arg(ap, short *) = res;
				else if (flags & LONG)
					*va_arg(ap, long *) = res;
				else if (flags & QUAD)
					*va_arg(ap, quad_t *) = res;
				else if (flags & INTMAXT)
					*va_arg(ap, intmax_t *) = res;
				else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
					*va_arg(ap, ptrdiff_t *) = res;
				else if (flags & SIZET)
					*va_arg(ap, size_t *) = res;
				else
					*va_arg(ap, int *) = res;
				nassigned++;
			}
			nread += p - buf;
			nconversions++;
			break;
		}
	}
input_failure:
	return (nconversions != 0 ? nassigned : -1);
match_failure:
	return (nassigned);
}

/*
 * Fill in the given table from the scanset at the given format
 * (just after `[').  Return a pointer to the character past the
 * closing `]'.  The table has a 1 wherever characters should be
 * considered part of the scanset.
 */
static const u_char *
__sccl(char *tab, const u_char *fmt)
{
	int c, n, v;

	/* first `clear' the whole table */
	c = *fmt++;		/* first char hat => negated scanset */
	if (c == '^') {
		v = 1;		/* default => accept */
		c = *fmt++;	/* get new first char */
	} else
		v = 0;		/* default => reject */

	/* XXX: Will not work if sizeof(tab*) > sizeof(char) */
	for (n = 0; n < 256; n++)
		     tab[n] = v;	/* memset(tab, v, 256) */

	if (c == 0)
		return (fmt - 1);/* format ended before closing ] */

	/*
	 * Now set the entries corresponding to the actual scanset
	 * to the opposite of the above.
	 *
	 * The first character may be ']' (or '-') without being special;
	 * the last character may be '-'.
	 */
	v = 1 - v;
	for (;;) {
		tab[c] = v;		/* take character c */
doswitch:
		n = *fmt++;		/* and examine the next */
		switch (n) {
		case 0:			/* format ended too soon */
			return (fmt - 1);

		case '-':
			/*
			 * A scanset of the form
			 *	[01+-]
			 * is defined as `the digit 0, the digit 1,
			 * the character +, the character -', but
			 * the effect of a scanset such as
			 *	[a-zA-Z0-9]
			 * is implementation defined.  The V7 Unix
			 * scanf treats `a-z' as `the letters a through
			 * z', but treats `a-a' as `the letter a, the
			 * character -, and the letter a'.
			 *
			 * For compatibility, the `-' is not considered
			 * to define a range if the character following
			 * it is either a close bracket (required by ANSI)
			 * or is not numerically greater than the character
			 * we just stored in the table (c).
			 */
			n = *fmt;
			if (n == ']' || n < c) {
				c = '-';
				break;	/* resume the for(;;) */
			}
			fmt++;
			/* fill in the range */
			do {
			    tab[++c] = v;
			} while (c < n);
			c = n;
			/*
			 * Alas, the V7 Unix scanf also treats formats
			 * such as [a-c-e] as `the letters a through e'.
			 * This too is permitted by the standard....
			 */
			goto doswitch;
			break;

		case ']':		/* end of scanset */
			return (fmt);

		default:		/* just another character */
			c = n;
			break;
		}
	}
	/* NOTREACHED */
}