xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_kdb.c (revision a3cf0ef5a295c885c895fabfd56470c0d1db322d)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2004 The FreeBSD Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_kdb.h"
31 #include "opt_stack.h"
32 
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
35 #include <sys/kdb.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
37 #include <sys/malloc.h>
38 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
39 #include <sys/proc.h>
40 #include <sys/smp.h>
41 #include <sys/stack.h>
42 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
43 
44 #include <machine/kdb.h>
45 #include <machine/pcb.h>
46 
47 #ifdef SMP
48 #include <machine/smp.h>
49 #endif
50 
51 int kdb_active = 0;
52 static void *kdb_jmpbufp = NULL;
53 struct kdb_dbbe *kdb_dbbe = NULL;
54 static struct pcb kdb_pcb;
55 struct pcb *kdb_thrctx = NULL;
56 struct thread *kdb_thread = NULL;
57 struct trapframe *kdb_frame = NULL;
58 
59 KDB_BACKEND(null, NULL, NULL, NULL);
60 SET_DECLARE(kdb_dbbe_set, struct kdb_dbbe);
61 
62 static int kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
63 static int kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
64 static int kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
65 static int kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
66 static int kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
67 static int kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
68 
69 SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, kdb, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, "KDB nodes");
70 
71 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, available, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD, NULL,
72     0, kdb_sysctl_available, "A", "list of available KDB backends");
73 
74 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, current, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL,
75     0, kdb_sysctl_current, "A", "currently selected KDB backend");
76 
77 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, enter, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
78     kdb_sysctl_enter, "I", "set to enter the debugger");
79 
80 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, panic, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
81     kdb_sysctl_panic, "I", "set to panic the kernel");
82 
83 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
84     kdb_sysctl_trap, "I", "set to cause a page fault via data access");
85 
86 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap_code, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
87     kdb_sysctl_trap_code, "I", "set to cause a page fault via code access");
88 
89 /*
90  * Flag indicating whether or not to IPI the other CPUs to stop them on
91  * entering the debugger.  Sometimes, this will result in a deadlock as
92  * stop_cpus() waits for the other cpus to stop, so we allow it to be
93  * disabled.  In order to maximize the chances of success, use a hard
94  * stop for that.
95  */
96 #ifdef SMP
97 static int kdb_stop_cpus = 1;
98 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, stop_cpus, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN,
99     &kdb_stop_cpus, 0, "stop other CPUs when entering the debugger");
100 TUNABLE_INT("debug.kdb.stop_cpus", &kdb_stop_cpus);
101 #endif
102 
103 /*
104  * Flag to indicate to debuggers why the debugger was entered.
105  */
106 const char * volatile kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
107 
108 static int
109 kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
110 {
111 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
112 	char *avail, *p;
113 	ssize_t len, sz;
114 	int error;
115 
116 	sz = 0;
117 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
118 		be = *iter;
119 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0)
120 			sz += strlen(be->dbbe_name) + 1;
121 	}
122 	sz++;
123 	avail = malloc(sz, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
124 	p = avail;
125 	*p = '\0';
126 
127 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
128 		be = *iter;
129 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0) {
130 			len = snprintf(p, sz, "%s ", be->dbbe_name);
131 			p += len;
132 			sz -= len;
133 		}
134 	}
135 	KASSERT(sz >= 0, ("%s", __func__));
136 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, avail, 0, req);
137 	free(avail, M_TEMP);
138 	return (error);
139 }
140 
141 static int
142 kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
143 {
144 	char buf[16];
145 	int error;
146 
147 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL) {
148 		strncpy(buf, kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name, sizeof(buf));
149 		buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
150 	} else
151 		*buf = '\0';
152 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, buf, sizeof(buf), req);
153 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
154 		return (error);
155 	if (kdb_active)
156 		return (EBUSY);
157 	return (kdb_dbbe_select(buf));
158 }
159 
160 static int
161 kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
162 {
163 	int error, i;
164 
165 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
166 	if (error == 0) {
167 		i = 0;
168 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
169 	}
170 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
171 		return (error);
172 	if (kdb_active)
173 		return (EBUSY);
174 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_SYSCTL, "sysctl debug.kdb.enter");
175 	return (0);
176 }
177 
178 static int
179 kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
180 {
181 	int error, i;
182 
183 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
184 	if (error == 0) {
185 		i = 0;
186 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
187 	}
188 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
189 		return (error);
190 	panic("kdb_sysctl_panic");
191 	return (0);
192 }
193 
194 static int
195 kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
196 {
197 	int error, i;
198 	int *addr = (int *)0x10;
199 
200 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
201 	if (error == 0) {
202 		i = 0;
203 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
204 	}
205 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
206 		return (error);
207 	return (*addr);
208 }
209 
210 static int
211 kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
212 {
213 	int error, i;
214 	void (*fp)(u_int, u_int, u_int) = (void *)0xdeadc0de;
215 
216 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
217 	if (error == 0) {
218 		i = 0;
219 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
220 	}
221 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
222 		return (error);
223 	(*fp)(0x11111111, 0x22222222, 0x33333333);
224 	return (0);
225 }
226 
227 void
228 kdb_panic(const char *msg)
229 {
230 
231 #ifdef SMP
232 	stop_cpus_hard(PCPU_GET(other_cpus));
233 #endif
234 	printf("KDB: panic\n");
235 	panic("%s", msg);
236 }
237 
238 void
239 kdb_reboot(void)
240 {
241 
242 	printf("KDB: reboot requested\n");
243 	shutdown_nice(0);
244 }
245 
246 /*
247  * Solaris implements a new BREAK which is initiated by a character sequence
248  * CR ~ ^b which is similar to a familiar pattern used on Sun servers by the
249  * Remote Console.
250  *
251  * Note that this function may be called from almost anywhere, with interrupts
252  * disabled and with unknown locks held, so it must not access data other than
253  * its arguments.  Its up to the caller to ensure that the state variable is
254  * consistent.
255  */
256 
257 #define	KEY_CR		13	/* CR '\r' */
258 #define	KEY_TILDE	126	/* ~ */
259 #define	KEY_CRTLB	2	/* ^B */
260 #define	KEY_CRTLP	16	/* ^P */
261 #define	KEY_CRTLR	18	/* ^R */
262 
263 int
264 kdb_alt_break(int key, int *state)
265 {
266 	int brk;
267 
268 	brk = 0;
269 	switch (*state) {
270 	case 0:
271 		if (key == KEY_CR)
272 			*state = 1;
273 		break;
274 	case 1:
275 		if (key == KEY_TILDE)
276 			*state = 2;
277 		break;
278 	case 2:
279 		if (key == KEY_CRTLB)
280 			brk = KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER;
281 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLP)
282 			brk = KDB_REQ_PANIC;
283 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLR)
284 			brk = KDB_REQ_REBOOT;
285 		*state = 0;
286 	}
287 	return (brk);
288 }
289 
290 /*
291  * Print a backtrace of the calling thread. The backtrace is generated by
292  * the selected debugger, provided it supports backtraces. If no debugger
293  * is selected or the current debugger does not support backtraces, this
294  * function silently returns.
295  */
296 
297 void
298 kdb_backtrace(void)
299 {
300 
301 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace != NULL) {
302 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
303 		kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace();
304 	}
305 #ifdef STACK
306 	else {
307 		struct stack st;
308 
309 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
310 		stack_save(&st);
311 		stack_print_ddb(&st);
312 	}
313 #endif
314 }
315 
316 /*
317  * Set/change the current backend.
318  */
319 
320 int
321 kdb_dbbe_select(const char *name)
322 {
323 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
324 
325 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
326 		be = *iter;
327 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0 && strcmp(be->dbbe_name, name) == 0) {
328 			kdb_dbbe = be;
329 			return (0);
330 		}
331 	}
332 	return (EINVAL);
333 }
334 
335 /*
336  * Enter the currently selected debugger. If a message has been provided,
337  * it is printed first. If the debugger does not support the enter method,
338  * it is entered by using breakpoint(), which enters the debugger through
339  * kdb_trap().  The 'why' argument will contain a more mechanically usable
340  * string than 'msg', and is relied upon by DDB scripting to identify the
341  * reason for entering the debugger so that the right script can be run.
342  */
343 void
344 kdb_enter(const char *why, const char *msg)
345 {
346 
347 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_active == 0) {
348 		if (msg != NULL)
349 			printf("KDB: enter: %s\n", msg);
350 		kdb_why = why;
351 		breakpoint();
352 		kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
353 	}
354 }
355 
356 /*
357  * Initialize the kernel debugger interface.
358  */
359 
360 void
361 kdb_init(void)
362 {
363 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
364 	int cur_pri, pri;
365 
366 	kdb_active = 0;
367 	kdb_dbbe = NULL;
368 	cur_pri = -1;
369 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
370 		be = *iter;
371 		pri = (be->dbbe_init != NULL) ? be->dbbe_init() : -1;
372 		be->dbbe_active = (pri >= 0) ? 0 : -1;
373 		if (pri > cur_pri) {
374 			cur_pri = pri;
375 			kdb_dbbe = be;
376 		}
377 	}
378 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL) {
379 		printf("KDB: debugger backends:");
380 		SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
381 			be = *iter;
382 			if (be->dbbe_active == 0)
383 				printf(" %s", be->dbbe_name);
384 		}
385 		printf("\n");
386 		printf("KDB: current backend: %s\n",
387 		    kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name);
388 	}
389 }
390 
391 /*
392  * Handle contexts.
393  */
394 
395 void *
396 kdb_jmpbuf(jmp_buf new)
397 {
398 	void *old;
399 
400 	old = kdb_jmpbufp;
401 	kdb_jmpbufp = new;
402 	return (old);
403 }
404 
405 void
406 kdb_reenter(void)
407 {
408 
409 	if (!kdb_active || kdb_jmpbufp == NULL)
410 		return;
411 
412 	longjmp(kdb_jmpbufp, 1);
413 	/* NOTREACHED */
414 }
415 
416 /*
417  * Thread related support functions.
418  */
419 
420 struct pcb *
421 kdb_thr_ctx(struct thread *thr)
422 {
423 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
424 	struct pcpu *pc;
425 #endif
426 
427 	if (thr == curthread)
428 		return (&kdb_pcb);
429 
430 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
431 	SLIST_FOREACH(pc, &cpuhead, pc_allcpu)  {
432 		if (pc->pc_curthread == thr && (stopped_cpus & pc->pc_cpumask))
433 			return (KDB_STOPPEDPCB(pc));
434 	}
435 #endif
436 	return (thr->td_pcb);
437 }
438 
439 struct thread *
440 kdb_thr_first(void)
441 {
442 	struct proc *p;
443 	struct thread *thr;
444 
445 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
446 	while (p != NULL) {
447 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) {
448 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
449 			if (thr != NULL)
450 				return (thr);
451 		}
452 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
453 	}
454 	return (NULL);
455 }
456 
457 struct thread *
458 kdb_thr_from_pid(pid_t pid)
459 {
460 	struct proc *p;
461 
462 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
463 	while (p != NULL) {
464 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM && p->p_pid == pid)
465 			return (FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p));
466 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
467 	}
468 	return (NULL);
469 }
470 
471 struct thread *
472 kdb_thr_lookup(lwpid_t tid)
473 {
474 	struct thread *thr;
475 
476 	thr = kdb_thr_first();
477 	while (thr != NULL && thr->td_tid != tid)
478 		thr = kdb_thr_next(thr);
479 	return (thr);
480 }
481 
482 struct thread *
483 kdb_thr_next(struct thread *thr)
484 {
485 	struct proc *p;
486 
487 	p = thr->td_proc;
488 	thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
489 	do {
490 		if (thr != NULL)
491 			return (thr);
492 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
493 		if (p != NULL && (p->p_flag & P_INMEM))
494 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
495 	} while (p != NULL);
496 	return (NULL);
497 }
498 
499 int
500 kdb_thr_select(struct thread *thr)
501 {
502 	if (thr == NULL)
503 		return (EINVAL);
504 	kdb_thread = thr;
505 	kdb_thrctx = kdb_thr_ctx(thr);
506 	return (0);
507 }
508 
509 /*
510  * Enter the debugger due to a trap.
511  */
512 
513 int
514 kdb_trap(int type, int code, struct trapframe *tf)
515 {
516 	register_t intr;
517 #ifdef SMP
518 	int did_stop_cpus;
519 #endif
520 	int handled;
521 
522 	if (kdb_dbbe == NULL || kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trap == NULL)
523 		return (0);
524 
525 	/* We reenter the debugger through kdb_reenter(). */
526 	if (kdb_active)
527 		return (0);
528 
529 	intr = intr_disable();
530 
531 #ifdef SMP
532 	if ((did_stop_cpus = kdb_stop_cpus) != 0)
533 		stop_cpus_hard(PCPU_GET(other_cpus));
534 #endif
535 
536 	kdb_active++;
537 
538 	kdb_frame = tf;
539 
540 	/* Let MD code do its thing first... */
541 	kdb_cpu_trap(type, code);
542 
543 	makectx(tf, &kdb_pcb);
544 	kdb_thr_select(curthread);
545 
546 	handled = kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trap(type, code);
547 
548 	kdb_active--;
549 
550 #ifdef SMP
551 	if (did_stop_cpus)
552 		restart_cpus(stopped_cpus);
553 #endif
554 
555 	intr_restore(intr);
556 
557 	return (handled);
558 }
559