xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_kdb.c (revision 884a2a699669ec61e2366e3e358342dbc94be24a)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2004 The FreeBSD Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_kdb.h"
31 #include "opt_stack.h"
32 
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
35 #include <sys/kdb.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
37 #include <sys/malloc.h>
38 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
39 #include <sys/proc.h>
40 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
41 #include <sys/smp.h>
42 #include <sys/stack.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 
45 #include <machine/kdb.h>
46 #include <machine/pcb.h>
47 
48 #ifdef SMP
49 #include <machine/smp.h>
50 #endif
51 
52 int kdb_active = 0;
53 static void *kdb_jmpbufp = NULL;
54 struct kdb_dbbe *kdb_dbbe = NULL;
55 static struct pcb kdb_pcb;
56 struct pcb *kdb_thrctx = NULL;
57 struct thread *kdb_thread = NULL;
58 struct trapframe *kdb_frame = NULL;
59 
60 KDB_BACKEND(null, NULL, NULL, NULL);
61 SET_DECLARE(kdb_dbbe_set, struct kdb_dbbe);
62 
63 static int kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
64 static int kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
65 static int kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
66 static int kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
67 static int kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
68 static int kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
69 
70 SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, kdb, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, "KDB nodes");
71 
72 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, available, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD, NULL,
73     0, kdb_sysctl_available, "A", "list of available KDB backends");
74 
75 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, current, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL,
76     0, kdb_sysctl_current, "A", "currently selected KDB backend");
77 
78 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, enter, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
79     kdb_sysctl_enter, "I", "set to enter the debugger");
80 
81 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, panic, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
82     kdb_sysctl_panic, "I", "set to panic the kernel");
83 
84 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
85     kdb_sysctl_trap, "I", "set to cause a page fault via data access");
86 
87 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap_code, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
88     kdb_sysctl_trap_code, "I", "set to cause a page fault via code access");
89 
90 /*
91  * Flag indicating whether or not to IPI the other CPUs to stop them on
92  * entering the debugger.  Sometimes, this will result in a deadlock as
93  * stop_cpus() waits for the other cpus to stop, so we allow it to be
94  * disabled.  In order to maximize the chances of success, use a hard
95  * stop for that.
96  */
97 #ifdef SMP
98 static int kdb_stop_cpus = 1;
99 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, stop_cpus, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN,
100     &kdb_stop_cpus, 0, "stop other CPUs when entering the debugger");
101 TUNABLE_INT("debug.kdb.stop_cpus", &kdb_stop_cpus);
102 #endif
103 
104 /*
105  * Flag to indicate to debuggers why the debugger was entered.
106  */
107 const char * volatile kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
108 
109 static int
110 kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
111 {
112 	struct kdb_dbbe **iter;
113 	struct sbuf sbuf;
114 	int error;
115 
116 	sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 64, req);
117 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
118 		if ((*iter)->dbbe_active == 0)
119 			sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%s ", (*iter)->dbbe_name);
120 	}
121 	error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
122 	sbuf_delete(&sbuf);
123 	return (error);
124 }
125 
126 static int
127 kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
128 {
129 	char buf[16];
130 	int error;
131 
132 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL)
133 		strlcpy(buf, kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name, sizeof(buf));
134 	else
135 		*buf = '\0';
136 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, buf, sizeof(buf), req);
137 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
138 		return (error);
139 	if (kdb_active)
140 		return (EBUSY);
141 	return (kdb_dbbe_select(buf));
142 }
143 
144 static int
145 kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
146 {
147 	int error, i;
148 
149 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
150 	if (error == 0) {
151 		i = 0;
152 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
153 	}
154 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
155 		return (error);
156 	if (kdb_active)
157 		return (EBUSY);
158 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_SYSCTL, "sysctl debug.kdb.enter");
159 	return (0);
160 }
161 
162 static int
163 kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
164 {
165 	int error, i;
166 
167 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
168 	if (error == 0) {
169 		i = 0;
170 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
171 	}
172 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
173 		return (error);
174 	panic("kdb_sysctl_panic");
175 	return (0);
176 }
177 
178 static int
179 kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
180 {
181 	int error, i;
182 	int *addr = (int *)0x10;
183 
184 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
185 	if (error == 0) {
186 		i = 0;
187 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
188 	}
189 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
190 		return (error);
191 	return (*addr);
192 }
193 
194 static int
195 kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
196 {
197 	int error, i;
198 	void (*fp)(u_int, u_int, u_int) = (void *)0xdeadc0de;
199 
200 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
201 	if (error == 0) {
202 		i = 0;
203 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
204 	}
205 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
206 		return (error);
207 	(*fp)(0x11111111, 0x22222222, 0x33333333);
208 	return (0);
209 }
210 
211 void
212 kdb_panic(const char *msg)
213 {
214 
215 #ifdef SMP
216 	stop_cpus_hard(PCPU_GET(other_cpus));
217 #endif
218 	printf("KDB: panic\n");
219 	panic("%s", msg);
220 }
221 
222 void
223 kdb_reboot(void)
224 {
225 
226 	printf("KDB: reboot requested\n");
227 	shutdown_nice(0);
228 }
229 
230 /*
231  * Solaris implements a new BREAK which is initiated by a character sequence
232  * CR ~ ^b which is similar to a familiar pattern used on Sun servers by the
233  * Remote Console.
234  *
235  * Note that this function may be called from almost anywhere, with interrupts
236  * disabled and with unknown locks held, so it must not access data other than
237  * its arguments.  Its up to the caller to ensure that the state variable is
238  * consistent.
239  */
240 
241 #define	KEY_CR		13	/* CR '\r' */
242 #define	KEY_TILDE	126	/* ~ */
243 #define	KEY_CRTLB	2	/* ^B */
244 #define	KEY_CRTLP	16	/* ^P */
245 #define	KEY_CRTLR	18	/* ^R */
246 
247 int
248 kdb_alt_break(int key, int *state)
249 {
250 	int brk;
251 
252 	brk = 0;
253 	switch (*state) {
254 	case 0:
255 		if (key == KEY_CR)
256 			*state = 1;
257 		break;
258 	case 1:
259 		if (key == KEY_TILDE)
260 			*state = 2;
261 		break;
262 	case 2:
263 		if (key == KEY_CRTLB)
264 			brk = KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER;
265 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLP)
266 			brk = KDB_REQ_PANIC;
267 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLR)
268 			brk = KDB_REQ_REBOOT;
269 		*state = 0;
270 	}
271 	return (brk);
272 }
273 
274 /*
275  * Print a backtrace of the calling thread. The backtrace is generated by
276  * the selected debugger, provided it supports backtraces. If no debugger
277  * is selected or the current debugger does not support backtraces, this
278  * function silently returns.
279  */
280 
281 void
282 kdb_backtrace(void)
283 {
284 
285 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace != NULL) {
286 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
287 		kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace();
288 	}
289 #ifdef STACK
290 	else {
291 		struct stack st;
292 
293 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
294 		stack_save(&st);
295 		stack_print_ddb(&st);
296 	}
297 #endif
298 }
299 
300 /*
301  * Set/change the current backend.
302  */
303 
304 int
305 kdb_dbbe_select(const char *name)
306 {
307 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
308 
309 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
310 		be = *iter;
311 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0 && strcmp(be->dbbe_name, name) == 0) {
312 			kdb_dbbe = be;
313 			return (0);
314 		}
315 	}
316 	return (EINVAL);
317 }
318 
319 /*
320  * Enter the currently selected debugger. If a message has been provided,
321  * it is printed first. If the debugger does not support the enter method,
322  * it is entered by using breakpoint(), which enters the debugger through
323  * kdb_trap().  The 'why' argument will contain a more mechanically usable
324  * string than 'msg', and is relied upon by DDB scripting to identify the
325  * reason for entering the debugger so that the right script can be run.
326  */
327 void
328 kdb_enter(const char *why, const char *msg)
329 {
330 
331 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_active == 0) {
332 		if (msg != NULL)
333 			printf("KDB: enter: %s\n", msg);
334 		kdb_why = why;
335 		breakpoint();
336 		kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
337 	}
338 }
339 
340 /*
341  * Initialize the kernel debugger interface.
342  */
343 
344 void
345 kdb_init(void)
346 {
347 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
348 	int cur_pri, pri;
349 
350 	kdb_active = 0;
351 	kdb_dbbe = NULL;
352 	cur_pri = -1;
353 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
354 		be = *iter;
355 		pri = (be->dbbe_init != NULL) ? be->dbbe_init() : -1;
356 		be->dbbe_active = (pri >= 0) ? 0 : -1;
357 		if (pri > cur_pri) {
358 			cur_pri = pri;
359 			kdb_dbbe = be;
360 		}
361 	}
362 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL) {
363 		printf("KDB: debugger backends:");
364 		SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
365 			be = *iter;
366 			if (be->dbbe_active == 0)
367 				printf(" %s", be->dbbe_name);
368 		}
369 		printf("\n");
370 		printf("KDB: current backend: %s\n",
371 		    kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name);
372 	}
373 }
374 
375 /*
376  * Handle contexts.
377  */
378 
379 void *
380 kdb_jmpbuf(jmp_buf new)
381 {
382 	void *old;
383 
384 	old = kdb_jmpbufp;
385 	kdb_jmpbufp = new;
386 	return (old);
387 }
388 
389 void
390 kdb_reenter(void)
391 {
392 
393 	if (!kdb_active || kdb_jmpbufp == NULL)
394 		return;
395 
396 	longjmp(kdb_jmpbufp, 1);
397 	/* NOTREACHED */
398 }
399 
400 /*
401  * Thread related support functions.
402  */
403 
404 struct pcb *
405 kdb_thr_ctx(struct thread *thr)
406 {
407 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
408 	struct pcpu *pc;
409 #endif
410 
411 	if (thr == curthread)
412 		return (&kdb_pcb);
413 
414 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
415 	STAILQ_FOREACH(pc, &cpuhead, pc_allcpu)  {
416 		if (pc->pc_curthread == thr && (stopped_cpus & pc->pc_cpumask))
417 			return (KDB_STOPPEDPCB(pc));
418 	}
419 #endif
420 	return (thr->td_pcb);
421 }
422 
423 struct thread *
424 kdb_thr_first(void)
425 {
426 	struct proc *p;
427 	struct thread *thr;
428 
429 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
430 	while (p != NULL) {
431 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) {
432 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
433 			if (thr != NULL)
434 				return (thr);
435 		}
436 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
437 	}
438 	return (NULL);
439 }
440 
441 struct thread *
442 kdb_thr_from_pid(pid_t pid)
443 {
444 	struct proc *p;
445 
446 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
447 	while (p != NULL) {
448 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM && p->p_pid == pid)
449 			return (FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p));
450 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
451 	}
452 	return (NULL);
453 }
454 
455 struct thread *
456 kdb_thr_lookup(lwpid_t tid)
457 {
458 	struct thread *thr;
459 
460 	thr = kdb_thr_first();
461 	while (thr != NULL && thr->td_tid != tid)
462 		thr = kdb_thr_next(thr);
463 	return (thr);
464 }
465 
466 struct thread *
467 kdb_thr_next(struct thread *thr)
468 {
469 	struct proc *p;
470 
471 	p = thr->td_proc;
472 	thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
473 	do {
474 		if (thr != NULL)
475 			return (thr);
476 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
477 		if (p != NULL && (p->p_flag & P_INMEM))
478 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
479 	} while (p != NULL);
480 	return (NULL);
481 }
482 
483 int
484 kdb_thr_select(struct thread *thr)
485 {
486 	if (thr == NULL)
487 		return (EINVAL);
488 	kdb_thread = thr;
489 	kdb_thrctx = kdb_thr_ctx(thr);
490 	return (0);
491 }
492 
493 /*
494  * Enter the debugger due to a trap.
495  */
496 
497 int
498 kdb_trap(int type, int code, struct trapframe *tf)
499 {
500 	struct kdb_dbbe *be;
501 	register_t intr;
502 #ifdef SMP
503 	int did_stop_cpus;
504 #endif
505 	int handled;
506 
507 	be = kdb_dbbe;
508 	if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
509 		return (0);
510 
511 	/* We reenter the debugger through kdb_reenter(). */
512 	if (kdb_active)
513 		return (0);
514 
515 	intr = intr_disable();
516 
517 #ifdef SMP
518 	if ((did_stop_cpus = kdb_stop_cpus) != 0)
519 		stop_cpus_hard(PCPU_GET(other_cpus));
520 #endif
521 
522 	kdb_active++;
523 
524 	kdb_frame = tf;
525 
526 	/* Let MD code do its thing first... */
527 	kdb_cpu_trap(type, code);
528 
529 	makectx(tf, &kdb_pcb);
530 	kdb_thr_select(curthread);
531 
532 	for (;;) {
533 		handled = be->dbbe_trap(type, code);
534 		if (be == kdb_dbbe)
535 			break;
536 		be = kdb_dbbe;
537 		if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
538 			break;
539 		printf("Switching to %s back-end\n", be->dbbe_name);
540 	}
541 
542 	kdb_active--;
543 
544 #ifdef SMP
545 	if (did_stop_cpus)
546 		restart_cpus(stopped_cpus);
547 #endif
548 
549 	intr_restore(intr);
550 
551 	return (handled);
552 }
553